Description

SESSION	NOVEMBER 2024
PROGRAM	BACHLOR OF COMPUTER APPLICATIONS (BCA)
SEMESTER	III
COURSE CODE & NAME	DCA2104 BASICS OF DATA COMMUNICATION

 

 

SET-I

 

 

1. Explain the seven layers of OSI model with suitable diagram

Ans 1.

Seven Layers of the OSI Model

The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is a conceptual framework used to understand and implement networking protocols in seven distinct layers. Each layer has specific responsibilities and interacts with the layers above and below it. This systematic approach enhances communication efficiency and interoperability between systems.

1. Physical Layer

The Physical Layer is the foundation of the OSI model. It deals with the physical transmission of data over a communication medium. This layer manages hardware components like cables, switches, and network interface cards (NICs). It defines aspects such

 

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2a. Differentiate  between  simple  periodic  analog signal  and a  composite periodic analog signal.

1. Differentiate between parallel and serial transmission

Ans 2.

1. Simple Periodic Analog Signal

A simple periodic analog signal is a single-frequency sine wave that oscillates at a constant rate. These signals are described mathematically by their amplitude, frequency, and phase. A key characteristic of simple periodic signals is that they are continuous and predictable, making them easy to analyze and understand. Examples of simple periodic analog signals include a pure tone generated by a tuning fork or the sinusoidal waveform produced by an alternating current (AC). These signals cannot carry complex information by themselves

 

3a.  Describe line of sight transmission.

1. Describe the structure of packet switches.

Ans 3.

1. Line of Sight Transmission

Line of sight (LOS) transmission refers to a method of communication where a direct, unobstructed path exists between the transmitting and receiving devices. This type of transmission is commonly used in wireless communication technologies, such as microwave, infrared, and satellite communication systems. The effectiveness of LOS transmission relies heavily on the absence of physical barriers like buildings, mountains, or trees that can block or interfere with the signal.

In LOS transmission, the transmitted signal travels in a straight line, which makes it ideal for

 

 

SET-II

 

 

4. Explain wavelength division multiplexing

Ans 4.

Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM)

Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) is a critical technology in fiber optic communication that enables the simultaneous transmission of multiple data streams over a single optical fiber. By utilizing different wavelengths (or colors) of light, WDM allows for efficient use of the fiber’s bandwidth, significantly increasing its data-carrying capacity. This innovative approach has become a cornerstone in modern telecommunications, supporting high-speed data transmission for various applications such as the internet, video streaming,

 

 

5. Explain high level data link control protocol (HDLC)

Ans 5.

High-Level Data Link Control Protocol (HDLC)

High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) is a widely used communication protocol for managing and controlling data transmission over a network’s data link layer. As a protocol standardized by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), HDLC ensures reliable and efficient data exchange between devices by providing mechanisms for framing, error detection, flow control, and synchronization. It is especially suited for point-to-point and multipoint communication links, making it a cornerstone in many network

 

 

6a. Explain   framing   and   four   different   framing method.

1. Differentiate between switched ethernet and full duplex ethernet.

Ans 6.

1. Framing and Four Different Framing Methods

Framing is a fundamental process in data communication that involves dividing a continuous stream of data into manageable units called frames. These frames are transmitted sequentially from the sender to the receiver. Framing is crucial for ensuring the integrity and efficiency of data transfer, as it allows the receiver to distinguish between individual messages and detect errors. Each frame typically contains a header, payload (data), and trailer, which includes

 

1. Difference Between Switched Ethernet and Full-Duplex Ethernet

Switched Ethernet and full-duplex Ethernet are two approaches to enhancing data transmission in Ethernet networks, but they differ significantly in their operation and application.

Switched Ethernet

Switched Ethernet relies on a network switch to manage communication between devices. Each device is connected to a dedicated port on the switch, which creates a virtual point-to-