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Brand Management
June 2024 Examination
Mr. Smith’s artisanal coffee roastery and café will be located in a bustling urban area
known for its vibrant cultural scene and appreciation for specialty coffee. The location
will be carefully chosen to attract a mix of local residents, office workers, and tourists,
ensuring a steady flow of customers throughout the day. The café space will be designed
to create a welcoming and cozy atmosphere, with comfortable seating areas for guests to
relax and enjoy their coffee experience.
Products:
Single-Origin Coffee Beans: The core offering of the roastery will be single-origin coffee
beans sourced directly from sustainable farms across the globe. These beans will be
carefully selected for their quality and unique flavor profiles, offering customers a
diverse range of options to explore.
Handcrafted Beverages: The café menu will feature an extensive selection of handcrafted
beverages, including classic espresso-based drinks like lattes, cappuccinos, and
macchiatos, as well as specialty options such as cold brews, nitro coffees, and seasonal
coffee-based cocktails.
Pour-Over Coffee: For those who appreciate a more nuanced coffee experience, the café
will offer pour-over coffee made to order using precise brewing methods and freshly
ground beans.
Specialty Teas: In addition to coffee, the menu will include a curated selection of
specialty teas sourced from reputable suppliers. Customers can enjoy classic teas like
Earl Grey and Jasmine, as well as unique blends and herbal infusions.
Locally Sourced Pastries and Snacks: To complement the coffee offerings, the café will
serve a range of locally sourced pastries, sandwiches, and light snacks. These items will
be made fresh daily using organic ingredients whenever possible, highlighting the café’s
commitment to quality and sustainability.
Overall, Mr. Smith’s artisanal coffee roastery and café will provide a distinctive
coffee experience, combining exceptional beans, expert craftsmanship, and a
commitment to ethical sourcing and environmental responsibility.
Q1. As the brand manager, you’ve been tasked with developing brand elements,
including the brand name. Explain and elaborate on various types of brand elements that
you would suggest for the artisanal coffee roastery and café. Additionally, outline the
criteria for selecting these brand elements. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the realm of brand management, the development of distinctive and resonant brand
elements is critical for establishing a strong market presence and fostering customer loyalty.
For Mr. Smith’s upcoming artisanal coffee roastery and café, these elements serve as the
building blocks of the brand’s identity, influencing perceptions and experiences. Situated in a
vibrant urban area known for its cultural appreciation of specialty coffee, the café has a unique
opportunity to engage a diverse clientele through well-chosen brand elements. This paper will
explore the essential brand elements suitable for the café, such as the brand name, logo,
tagline, and packaging. Furthermore, it will discuss the criteria vital for selecting these
elements to ensure they align with the café’s ethos of quality, sustainability, and artisanal
craftsmanship.
Concept and application
When developing brand elements for Mr. Smith’s artisanal coffee roastery and café, it is
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Q2. Explain various types of positioning strategies and elaborate on the one that you will
apply for the artisanal coffee roastery and café with reasons. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Positioning is a pivotal marketing strategy that defines how a product is perceived in the minds
of consumers relative to its competitors. For Mr. Smith’s artisanal coffee roastery and café,
effective positioning is crucial in distinguishing it from other offerings in the bustling urban
market known for its love of specialty coffee. This strategy involves selecting certain attributes
or themes to emphasize so that the product occupies a desirable and distinct place in the target
market’s consciousness. The paper will discuss various types of positioning strategies such as
quality-based, customer-based, and competitive positioning. It will then focus on the
differentiation strategy, explaining why this particular approach is most suitable for Mr.
Q3. As a brand in charge, explain to your team the given points:
a) Explain various ways that you will adopt to promote artisanal coffee roastery and café.
(5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Promoting Mr. Smith’s artisanal coffee roastery and café requires a multifaceted approach
tailored to the unique characteristics and ethos of the brand. This plan aims to not only attract a
diverse customer base but also to engage them on a deeper level, ensuring they appreciate and
resonate with the café’s values of quality, craftsmanship, and sustainability. By employing a
combination of traditional and digital marketing strategies, the café will be positioned to make
b) Elaborate on the point of parity and point of difference of your artisanal coffee
roastery and café with other competitors that are presently competing for a similar
target group. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the competitive landscape of artisanal coffee shops, distinguishing a brand like Mr. Smith’s
roastery and café requires a clear understanding of points of parity and points of difference
relative to competitors. Points of parity (PoP) are those attributes or benefits that are largely
expected by customers within a particular industry, while points of difference (PoD) are those
unique traits that set the brand apart from its rivals. Analyzing these will help define our
Capital Market and Portfolio Management
June 2024 Examination
1. Every individual have different investment objective. Like retired person want risk free
investment & youngster may have long term investment objective as well as risk taking
ability. Whenever any investor takes investment decision what are the factors that affect
while taking his / her investment decision? (10 Marks)
Introduction
Investment decisions are crucial for achieving financial security and realizing long-term
objectives. Each investor approaches these decisions uniquely, shaped by individual goals,
circumstances, and tolerance for risk. Retired individuals often seek stable, low-risk investments
to preserve their capital, while younger investors might pursue higher-risk opportunities to
maximize long-term growth. Understanding the factors that influence investment decisions is
essential for both investors and financial advisors to tailor strategies that align with personal
objectives. These factors not only include age and financial goals but also extend to economic
conditions, market trends, personal financial situation, and individual risk tolerance. By
examining these aspects, one can appreciate the complexity of investment decisions and the
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2. Heena want to invest in stock market but confused which stock to select. On the basis of
below information suggest her which stock will give good return, so that she can take good
investment decision.
Probability
Return on stock A
Return on stock B
10%
5%
3%
20%
10%
15%
30%
15%
12%
(10 Marks)
Introduction
Making informed investment decisions in the stock market involves analyzing potential returns
and the associated risks of various stocks. Heena, like many individual investors, faces the
challenge of choosing between multiple stock options with varying performance outcomes. The
decision-making process can be streamlined using probabilistic models to estimate expected
returns based on different scenarios. By examining the given data for Stock A and Stock B—
which includes the probability of specific returns occurring—Heena can gain insights into which
stock might offer better long-term gains. This analysis will not only look at the possible returns
but also consider the risk profile of each investment to ensure that the selected stock aligns with
3. a. Aditya Ltd earned a net income= ₹4,00,000/- at the end of the year 31st March 2020.
Shareholder’s equity on 31st march 2019 = ₹16,00,000/- & on 31st march 2020 =
₹15,00,000/- Calculate ROE for the year ended 31st March 2020. (5 Marks)
Introduction
Return on Equity (ROE) is a critical financial metric used to gauge the profitability of a company
relative to shareholders’ equity. It essentially measures how effectively a company is using the
money invested by its shareholders to generate profits. In this case, we will calculate the ROE for
Aditya Ltd. for the fiscal year ending 31st March 2020, using its net income and shareholders’
equity figures.
Concept and application
Understanding Return on Equity (ROE)
ROE is calculated by dividing the net income by the average shareholders’ equity for the period.
3b. There are few indicators of investment risk. Beta is one of them. With the help of beta
indicator investor can take informative decision. Beta informs an investor about the risk
involved in a stock and risk involved in the entire market, but has some disadvantages also
discuss it. (5 Marks)
Introduction
Beta is a widely used indicator in investment analysis that measures the volatility of a stock
relative to the overall market. It provides valuable insights into the risk associated with individual
stocks compared to the broader market. While beta can be informative for investors in assessing
risk, it also has its limitations and drawbacks that need to be considered.
Concept and application
Understanding Beta
Beta quantifies the sensitivity of a stock’s returns to fluctuations in the market index. A beta of 1
Cloud Computing
June 2024 Examination
1. You are invited by the Government of Tajikistan to advise on deployment of cloud for
their e-governance services. The Government is very keen to reduce the total cost of
ownership and increase scalability of its e-governance infrastructure. As such, it is
evaluating the use of cloud and the right choice for the deployment model. You have been
asked to provide a brief report explaining pros and cons of each cloud deployment model
for e-governance systems in Tajikistan. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Cloud computing has emerged as a transformative technology for governments around the
world, offering a pathway to more efficient, scalable, and cost-effective public services. The
Government of Tajikistan’s initiative to integrate cloud technology into its e-governance
systems signifies a strategic step towards enhancing its administrative operations and public
service delivery. This report aims to elucidate the various cloud deployment models—public,
private, hybrid, and community—each possessing distinct characteristics and implications for
implementation. By analyzing these models, this document will guide the government in
selecting the most suitable cloud architecture based on its specific needs, focusing on key
factors such as total cost of ownership (TCO), scalability, security, and compliance.
2. PaisaHiPaisa is an FinTech startup being incubated at IIT Powai. As a startup, it is
looking for the right cloud solution to enable its Dev Team to accelerate its Product
Development. As such, PaisaHiPaisa is evaluating commercially available technology
platforms for cloud computing. Specifically, it is evaluating (a) whether to opt for IaaS,
PaaS, or SaaS and (b) AWS, Azure, GCP. You are invited to provide a comparison of
these choices and recommend the most suitable combination for them. You may get more
details by visiting the web site of these firms or you can make your own assumptions. (10
Marks)
Ans 2
Introduction
PaisaHiPaisa, a FinTech startup currently being nurtured within the vibrant ecosystem of IIT
Powai, faces a crucial decision in selecting the optimal cloud computing solution to bolster
their product development. With cloud technology playing an instrumental role in modern
enterprise operations, the choice between Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a
Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS), as well as between leading providers such as
AWS, Azure, and Google Cloud Platform (GCP), is vital. This choice will not only impact
their developmental agility and scalability but also the financial and operational aspects of
their business. In this context, this analysis aims to explore these options, providing insights
into their relative advantages and recommending the most suitable combination for
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3. The Top Management of Gharaonda Homes is meeting to discuss their plan for a New
CRM Solution. The CIO, Mr. Swaminathan, is of the strong opinion that the company
should implement a Custom On-Premise CRM solution to be developed by the
company’s regular IT Partner. On the other hand, Ms Batra, the CFO, is keen to move
to a cloud Cloud-based SaaS CRM solution. The debate is getting heated as Ms Batra
also recalled past IT system implementation failures.
a. What arguments can Mr. Swaminathan make in favor of in-house CRM
implementation? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the crucial debate at Gharaonda Homes regarding the future CRM solution, Mr.
Swaminathan, the CIO, advocates for a custom on-premise CRM developed by the company’s
IT partner. His perspective is grounded in the unique benefits that an on-premise solution can
offer, especially in terms of control, customization, and data security.
Concept and Application
Customization and Integration: Mr. Swaminathan can argue that a custom on-premise CRM
b. What arguments can Ms Batra make in favor of a Cloud-based SaaS CRM
solution? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Ms. Batra, the CFO of Gharaonda Homes, advocates for the adoption of a cloud-based SaaS
CRM solution, arguing that it aligns with the modern business environment’s demand for
flexibility, scalability, and cost efficiency. Her perspective is influenced by the need to avoid
the pitfalls of past IT system failures and to leverage technology that can provide immediate
Commercial Banking System & Role of RBI
June 2024 Examination
1. Capital formation is important for economic growth of any country. It helps in making a
particular country self-sufficient in such a way that it does not have to be dependent on
other nations for foreign investments. Explain the different factors affecting capital
formation. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Capital formation is a critical component of economic development, influencing a nation’s
ability to grow and sustain its economic activities. It represents the net addition of capital goods
such as machinery, tools, buildings, and other infrastructure that are necessary for producing
goods and services. By generating greater productive capacity, capital formation enhances a
nation’s self-sufficiency, reducing its reliance on foreign investment. The process of capital
formation not only bolsters domestic industries but also strengthens the financial system by
mobilizing savings and channeling them into productive investments. This, in turn, leads to job
creation, income generation, and overall economic prosperity. Several interrelated factors
influence the rate and effectiveness of capital formation, including savings rates, investment
channels, government policies, and economic conditions. Understanding these factors offers
2. Commercial banks are life-line of any economy. They play a very important role in
development of trade & commerce in the country. Describe different functions of
Commercial banks and do SWOT analysis of Commercial Banks. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Commercial banks are fundamental to the economic framework of any country, serving as the
backbone of financial activity. They facilitate the flow of funds within the economy, making
capital accessible for consumers, businesses, and government entities. As primary conduits of
money, commercial banks play a pivotal role in the development of trade and commerce. They
not only manage deposits and provide loans but also extend various other services that aid in the
economic and financial stability of a country. Understanding the multifaceted functions of
commercial banks and evaluating their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT
analysis) provides comprehensive insights into their critical role and the challenges they face in
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3. One of the critical source of income of commercial banks is interest income which bank
earns from interest on loans and advances to the customer. Advances may be classified as
fund based and non-fund based. In today’s scenario of increasing Non Performing Assets
(NPA) of the bank, banks are focusing more on non-fund based loans.
a. Discuss any three fund based loans and its advantages. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Commercial banks derive a substantial portion of their income from interest on various types of
loans extended to customers. These loans are generally classified into fund-based and non-fundbased
categories.
With
the
growing
concern
over
Non-Performing
Assets
(NPAs),
many
banks

are
increasingly
focusing
on
non-fund-based
loans.
However,
fund-based
loans
remain
crucial,

offering
distinct
advantages.
Here, we will discuss three
specific types of fund-based
loans and
b. Discuss any three non-fund based loans and its advantages. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Non-fund based loans play a strategic role in modern banking, especially as a risk management
tool in light of the increasing Non-Performing Assets (NPAs). Unlike fund-based loans where
actual funds are disbursed, non-fund based loans involve the issuance of financial instruments by
banks as guarantees. These instruments facilitate business transactions and help manage
payment risks. We will explore three types of non-fund based loans—letters of credit, bank
guarantees, and documentary collections—and their distinct advantages.
Concept and Application
1. Letters of Credit (LCs): A Letter of Credit is a commitment by a bank on behalf of its
Compensation & Benefits
June 2024 Examination
Q1. Dr. Pirosha was a renowned ENT surgeon in Aurangabad city in Western India and
along with few partners had established “Sunshine Hospitals” in 1999 to cater to the
ENT needs of the people in the city.
Due to the excellent treatment facilities, and moderate charges, the hospital achieved
rapid growth and within ten years became a leading hospital in that area. The only area
which seemed to become a hindrance to further prosperity was the old Information
Assimilation and Dissemination system which was installed way back in the 90s. This
old system was unable to handle the complete Payroll operations and also the different
aspects of Mgl Information Systems. So, a lot of manual systems had to be incorporated
with the old computer system and this was creating many operational problems.
So, Dr Pirosha wanted to urgently install a modern and sophisticated IT system which
would satisfy present and future information requirements and took quotations
from several IT service providers. In this regard, he has approached you, a System
Consultant, for evaluating the different modernization proposals that he has received
You are therefore expected to identify the different factors (at least five), on which the
proposals will be assessed by developing a “Point Rating Scheme” after explaining the
logic involved.
This “Rating Scheme” will enable converting the different proposals into points, thus
enabling easy comparison of the proposals. Therefore, the selection of a
particular “Service Provider” can be done in an objective manner. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
Dr. Pirosha, a prominent ENT surgeon and co-founder of Sunshine Hospitals in Aurangabad,
recognized the need for upgrading the hospital’s Information Assimilation and Dissemination
system to propel its growth further. Despite achieving rapid success due to excellent
treatment facilities and moderate charges, the outdated IT infrastructure posed operational
challenges, especially concerning payroll operations and management information systems.
To address this, Dr. Pirosha seeks to install a modern and sophisticated IT system and has
solicited proposals from various IT service providers.
In evaluating these proposals, it’s crucial to establish a comprehensive point rating scheme.
Such a scheme will enable a systematic assessment of each proposal across various factors,
ensuring an objective comparison to facilitate the selection of the most suitable service
provider. This scheme will consider multiple criteria to gauge the proposals’ alignment with
Sunshine Hospitals’ present and future information requirements, operational efficiency, and
overall suitability for the hospital’s needs. By developing a robust rating scheme, Dr. Pirosha
can make an informed decision that aligns with the hospital’s objectives and enhances its
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Q2) For the past few years, the Director of a reputed B School is facing a problem of
“brain drain” mainly in the Assistant Professor and to a certain extent in the Associate
Professor level also. The Institute has an established policy of inducting fresh as well as
experienced doctoral level candidates only from the established and very reputed IIMs.
The fresh pass-outs are absorbed in the Assistant Professor level and those with good
experience (at least 10 years) and with several journal publications are absorbed in the
Associate Professor category. Though the pay-scale is not the same as given in the IIMs,
yet the Institute tries to compensate it by giving generous allowances. Also, promotion to
the next category is largely dependent upon student feedback and of course number of
papers published in front-line journals.
In spite of these measures, the Institute has lost five Assistant Professors and two
Associate Professors within the last three years. Although, in their “exit interview” all of
them have mentioned that they are leaving for better opportunities, yet the Director has
a feeling that there must be some other reason for their departure.
You are a reputed HR consultant and also happen to be an alumnus of that college. So,
the Director has requested you to study the problem and suggest a solution. Discuss how
would you proceed to arrive at a solution in that B School? (10 marks)
Introduction:
The issue of “brain drain” in the Assistant and Associate Professor levels at the reputed B
School raises concerns about retention and organizational effectiveness. Despite the Institute’s
established policy of recruiting from prestigious institutions like the IIMs and offering
competitive compensation packages and promotion criteria, the loss of faculty members
persists. While exit interviews indicate reasons such as better opportunities elsewhere, the
Director suspects underlying factors contributing to the departures. As a reputed HR
consultant and an alumnus of the college, I understand the significance of addressing this
issue promptly to maintain the Institute’s reputation and academic quality.
To devise a solution, a comprehensive analysis of the situation is necessary, considering
various aspects such as organizational culture, work environment, career development
opportunities, and faculty engagement. By identifying the root causes of attrition and
Q 3. “Sunshine Forging Pvt Ltd”, was a medium scale manufacturing company
catering to the auto industry in Perambur, Tamil Nadu. The owner Mr Alam, had
started as a small- time supplier to the different auto companies and the railways and
had established this company in the late nineties. Gradually over the years, this
company grew and today its product, the “Sunshine” brand of forgings, were an
established name in the industry.
Mr. Alam paid his workmen quite well – they were paid a consolidated monthly salary
(which was about 25% higher as compared to others in the industry) and a yearly
production bonus. There was no system of paying incentives or any sort of “benefits”
apart from paid weekly off and paid festival leave. However, there was a small clinic
inside the works, where a doctor and a nurse were available for the benefit of the
workmen.
This system was working well for the company but recently with the increase in
domestic and also foreign competition, the company’s profits had stagnated and this
financial year they had just managed to break-even. This was mainly because the
production costs were increasing but the actual output was not increasing enough to
offset the rising costs. Thus naturally, Mr Alam was quite worried and wanted to
discuss this problem with his very experienced General Manager, Mr Roberts, for his
opinion.
Mr. Roberts, from his experience in previous organisations felt that in the absence of
any financial incentives it would be very difficult to induce the workmen to raise
the production level much above the present figures. So, he suggested Mr Alam to
engage a reputed consultant to recommend how this improved output could be
achieved.
Accordingly, Mr Alam contacted you, and requested you to conduct a preliminary study
and give an “overall assessment” to Mr Alam and other senior managers of the
company within a week. Based on this preliminary report, future strategy could be
decided.
a) What do you think this “overall assessment” could be? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
As a consultant approached by Mr. Alam, the owner of Sunshine Forging Pvt Ltd, to conduct
a preliminary study and provide an “overall assessment” to address the company’s stagnating
profits and production levels, it’s essential to understand the key challenges and potential
solutions to improve the situation.
Concept and application
The “overall assessment” for Sunshine Forging Pvt Ltd should encompass a comprehensive
b) What future strategy, you feel could be taken to improve profitability? (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Improving profitability for Sunshine Forging Pvt Ltd requires strategic planning and
execution to address the challenges identified in the preliminary assessment. By developing a
future strategy focused on enhancing operational efficiency, reducing costs, and maximizing
revenue generation, the company can position itself for sustainable growth and profitability in
the long term.
Concept and application
Operational Excellence: The future strategy for improving profitability should prioritize
operational excellence through the implementation of lean manufacturing principles and
Consumer Behaviour
June 2024 Examination
1. Perfora is a new brand of toothpaste that has entered the Indian market. Determine
which market segment does Perfora appeals the most to. Perfora wishes to get a Brand
Ambassador for its toothpaste. Suggest how will choose the right Brand Ambassador
and give names of three potential Brand Ambassadors who you think can be considered
for this. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic and competitive landscape of the Indian oral care market, the introduction of
Perfora, a new toothpaste brand, heralds a strategic endeavor to capture a niche yet
substantial segment of consumers. Understanding consumer behavior is crucial in identifying
the segment most likely to be attracted to Perfora’s unique offerings. This analysis not only
involves demographic and psychographic profiling but also aligns with evolving market
trends and consumer preferences in oral health. Additionally, the selection of a brand
ambassador plays a pivotal role in influencing brand perception and driving consumer
loyalty. The right ambassador should resonate with Perfora’s brand values and appeal to its
target audience, thus amplifying the brand’s message and extending its reach. Identifying and
aligning with such an individual involves a multifaceted approach, considering the
2. “Products are purchased emotionally and justified rationally”. Analyse this classical
consumer purchase behaviour factor using Tanishq Gold and Diamond Jewellery as an
example (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The adage “Products are purchased emotionally and justified rationally” encapsulates the dual
forces driving consumer behavior, especially in high-value categories such as luxury goods.
Tanishq, a prominent Indian brand in the gold and diamond jewelry sector, exemplifies how
emotional appeal and rational justification converge to influence purchasing decisions. The
emotional allure of jewelry is deeply rooted in its symbolic value and the personal
significance it holds, often related to milestones like marriages or anniversaries.
Concurrently, rational factors such as investment value, quality, and brand reputation play
critical roles in justifying the financial outlay. Understanding this interplay between emotion
and rationality is vital for comprehending how brands like Tanishq tailor their marketing
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3. Answer the following
a. Take India’s joint family structure – how does this kind of family take purchase
decision for FMCG Products (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
India’s joint family structure, where multiple generations live under one roof, significantly
influences the dynamics of purchasing decisions, especially for Fast-Moving Consumer
Goods (FMCG). These decisions are shaped by the collective needs, preferences, and values
of the family members, making the process complex yet deeply collaborative.
Concept and Application
Decision-Making Dynamics in Joint Families
In a joint family, the purchase of FMCG products involves various family members who play
patterns of FMCG products within the household.
b. There are many emerging new family structures coming into existence in the
Society. Take the example of a blended family. For your information a Blended Family
is defined as a family which results from remarriage or re-partnering after divorce or
widowhood, where one or both partners bring children from previous relationships into
the new family unit. This structure often involves step-parents, step-siblings, and halfsiblings

living together. This family wants to go for a family vacation. What is the
different consumer buying factors that will shape the choice of a vacation for this
family? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Blended families, characterized by their unique mix of relationships and dynamics, face
distinct considerations when planning a family vacation. The decision-making process in
such families is influenced by the need to cater to diverse interests, ages, and relationships,
making the selection of a vacation destination a nuanced exercise in balancing various
Cost & Management Accounting
June 2024 Examination
Q1. How does an in-depth understanding of cost behavior (fixed, variable, and semivariable
costs)
influence
strategic
decision-making
within
a
company?
Provide
a
scenario

where
misinterpreting cost behavior could lead to a flawed
business
strategy. (10
Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Understanding cost behavior—how costs change with fluctuations in activity levels—is
fundamental for effective strategic decision-making in any organization. Fixed costs remain
constant regardless of output, variable costs change directly with production volume, and semivariable

costs contain elements of both fixed and variable costs. This knowledge allows
managers to forecast financial outcomes, set budgets, and align business strategies with cost
efficiency principles. Misinterpreting these costs can lead to decisions that might seem beneficial
under false pretenses but could ultimately jeopardize the financial health of the company. For
instance, underestimating variable costs could lead to pricing strategies that do not cover all
incremental costs, thus eroding profitability. Conversely, overestimating fixed costs might
discourage investment in productive capacity. Properly distinguishing and applying these cost
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Q2. A toy company gives you the following data for a month. You are required to calculate
the variance based on profit. (10 Marks)
Toy
Budgeted
Actual
Quantity
Rate
Cost per unit Quantity
Rate
A
900
50
45
1000
55
B
650
100
85
700
95
C
1200
75
65
1100
78
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic environment of business, particularly within the manufacturing sector, variance
analysis serves as a crucial tool for management. It enables decision-makers to identify
discrepancies between actual financial outcomes and budgeted expectations, particularly
focusing on profit variances. By examining such variances, companies can pinpoint operational
areas requiring improvement, evaluate performance, and refine budgetary allocations for future
periods. The task at hand involves calculating the profit variances for a toy company which
presents an opportunity to explore the implications of changes in production and pricing on the
overall profitability. This analysis will not only shed light on the company’s financial health over
Q3a. Z Ltd initially planned to sell 5,000 units per month at an average price of Rs. 10 per
unit, with a budgeted variable production cost of Rs. 4 per unit and fixed costs budgeted at
Rs. 20,000, aiming for a monthly income of Rs. 10,000. However, due to raw material
shortages, only 4,000 units were produced, increasing production costs by 50 paisa per unit.
To offset this, the selling price was raised by Rs. 1.00 per unit. Additionally, Rs. 1,000 was
spent on research and development to enhance the production process. A Performance
Budget needs to be prepared, along with an analysis of the variances. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the realm of cost and management accounting, preparing a performance budget and analyzing
variances provides vital insights into a company’s operational effectiveness. Z Ltd’s situation
illustrates the impact of unforeseen challenges, such as raw material shortages, on production
and pricing strategies. This analysis will detail how these factors altered the expected financial
b) The variable costs to sales ratio stands at 70 percent, while the break-even point happens
at 60 percent of capacity. With fixed costs amounting to Rs. 90,000, we need to determine
the break- even point sales. Additionally, compute the profit at 75% of the capacity sales.
(5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Analyzing financial metrics such as the break-even point and profit margins are essential for
businesses to ensure sustainability and profitability. In this case, we need to determine the breakeven

sales for a company with fixed costs of Rs. 90,000 and a variable costs to sales ratio of
70%. Additionally, we’ll calculate the profit when operating at 75% of capacity, providing a clear
Customer Relationship Management
June 2024 Examination
1. You are a CRM consultant. Your new clients have been asking about the future
roadmap of CRM, what benefits and value would it add to the organization and what
risks can it face because of implementing CRM. What would be your perspective on
the future roadmap of CRM? (10 Marks)
Introduction
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems are pivotal in shaping how
organizations manage their interactions with current and potential customers. As digital
transformation continues to evolve, CRM technologies have moved beyond mere databases
of customer information to become comprehensive tools that enhance customer
engagement, optimize marketing strategies, and improve service delivery. The future
roadmap of CRM is geared towards leveraging advanced analytics, artificial intelligence
(AI), and integration with emerging technologies to provide deeper insights and more
personalized customer experiences. This evolution promises significant benefits to
organizations, such as increased customer satisfaction and loyalty, improved efficiency,
and higher profitability. However, the implementation of CRM systems also brings
potential risks including data privacy concerns, high implementation costs, and the need
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2. CRM can be implemented around marketing, sales, and services. Give two
business examples each on how implementing CRM can be beneficial for your
organisation in the area of marketing, sales and services. (10 Marks)
Introduction
Implementing Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems across marketing,
sales, and services can significantly enhance the operational efficiency and customer
satisfaction levels within an organization. CRM systems facilitate a deeper understanding
of customer behaviors and preferences, enabling businesses to tailor their strategies
accordingly. In marketing, CRM can help in segmenting audiences and personalizing
campaigns, thus improving engagement rates. In sales, it provides sales teams with tools
and data necessary to close deals more effectively and efficiently. For services, CRM
systems can streamline processes and improve customer service by providing
comprehensive customer histories at a touchpoint. By integrating CRM into these key
business areas, organizations can not only increase their revenue and profitability but also
foster long-term relationships with their customers. This holistic approach ensures that
3. You have started your new company. You intend to start a loyalty program for
your customers. (Take necessary assumptions)
a. What will you keep in mind before designing the loyalty program? (5 marks)
Introduction
Starting a loyalty program is a strategic decision aimed at enhancing customer retention
and increasing sales. In designing such a program for a new company, several key factors
must be considered to ensure its effectiveness and alignment with business objectives. This
approach not only fosters customer loyalty but also strengthens the brand’s value
b.What are the kind of loyalty programs that you can think of for your business? (5
marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
For a new business, implementing an effective loyalty program is crucial for cultivating
lasting relationships with customers and differentiating itself in the market. The type of
loyalty program selected should align with both the business model and the customer base’s
expectations, ensuring it is engaging, rewarding, and reinforces the brand’s values.
Different types of loyalty programs can be tailored to various business objectives, such as
increasing customer retention, enhancing customer lifetime value, and boosting overall
Emerging Technologies: IoT, Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality
June 2024 Examination
1. Imagine you are a tourism consultant advising a coastal city, Seaview, known for its
picturesque beaches and rich cultural heritage. The city council is exploring innovative
ways to attract tourists and enhance their experiences. One proposal gaining traction is
integrating virtual reality (VR) technology into the tourism sector. Seaview’s tourism board
envisions leveraging VR to offer immersive experiences that showcase the city’s natural
beauty, historic landmarks, and vibrant culture. They plan to develop VR tours that allow
users to explore Seaview’s attractions from the comfort of their homes, providing a teaser of
what the city offers and enticing them to visit in person. Additionally, they aim to set up VR
experience centres in the town, where tourists can engage in interactive VR simulations,
such as underwater dives to explore coral reefs, virtual visits to ancient ruins, or guided
tours through bustling marketplaces. As a tourism consultant for Seaview, how would you
propose integrating VR technology to enhance the city’s tourism experiences? Provide
specific examples of VR applications tailored to Seaview’s attractions and target audience.
Additionally, discuss strategies for overcoming logistical and technical challenges associated
with implementing VR in tourism, including content creation, equipment maintenance, and
user accessibility (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Virtual reality (VR) presents a transformative approach for enhancing tourism experiences,
particularly in a city as visually and culturally rich as Seaview. By integrating VR technology,
Seaview can transcend traditional tourism limitations, offering potential visitors a unique,
immersive preview of its attractions. This not only serves to increase interest and tourist numbers
but also enhances the in-person experience through enriched, interactive encounters. To
effectively capitalize on VR’s potential, the city must consider how best to implement this
technology in a manner that showcases its natural beauty and cultural heritage while ensuring
accessibility and sustainability. This proposal will outline strategic VR applications tailored
specifically to Seaview’s offerings, address potential logistical and technical challenges, and
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2. How can augmented reality (AR) be effectively integrated into educational settings to
enhance student learning experiences across various subjects and grade levels? Give
examples of AR applications in education and discuss the potential benefits and challenges
of their implementation. Additionally, how can educators ensure that AR technology is
utilized in ways that support pedagogical goals, promote student engagement, and cater to
diverse learning styles? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The integration of Augmented Reality (AR) into educational settings offers transformative
potential for enhancing student learning experiences. AR, a technology that superimposes
computer-generated information on a user’s view of the real world, provides immersive,
interactive educational opportunities that can captivate students’ interests across various subjects
and grade levels. By merging digital content with the physical environment, AR can create vivid,
contextual educational experiences that promote deeper understanding and retention of
knowledge. This discussion explores how AR can be leveraged in education, the specific
applications of AR that benefit learning, and the challenges educators may face in its
implementation. Additionally, it will address how educators can ensure that AR technology
supports pedagogical goals, engages students effectively, and accommodates diverse learning
3. Imagine a rapidly growing metropolitan area, CityX, striving to transform into a smart
city. CityX aims to leverage cutting-edge technologies like IoT sensors, AI-driven analytics,
and interconnected infrastructure to enhance efficiency, sustainability, and citizen services.
As part of this transformation, CityX plans to deploy a network of sensors across public
spaces, transportation systems, and utilities to gather real-time data for various purposes,
including traffic management, waste management, and public
safety. However, amidst the excitement of progress, concerns about privacy and security
have surfaced among residents, advocacy groups, and policymakers. Some residents worry
that the extensive data collection may infringe upon their privacy rights, raising questions
about who has access to the data, how it will be used, and whether individuals’ identities will
be protected. Additionally, there are concerns about the potential for data breaches or
misuse, leading to identity theft, surveillance, or manipulation of personal
information. The city government faces the challenge of balancing the benefits of smart city
technologies with the need to address these privacy and security concerns. On the one hand,
proponents argue that the data collected can improve urban planning, optimize resource
allocation, and enhance public safety, leading to a better quality of life for residents. On the
other hand, critics warn that unchecked data collection and surveillance could erode trust in
government, stifle civil liberties, and exacerbate social
inequalities. CityX must navigate this delicate balance between innovation and safeguarding
individual rights as it moves forward with its smart city initiatives. The city council is tasked
with developing robust policies and regulations to ensure transparency, accountability, and
data protection. They must engage with stakeholders to address concerns, establish clear
guidelines for data governance and usage, and implement robust cybersecurity measures to
mitigate data breaches or unauthorized access risks.
a. As a CityX city council member, how would you address the privacy and security
concerns surrounding implementing smart city technologies? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
As a member of the CityX city council, addressing the complex challenges of implementing smart
city technologies involves navigating a delicate balance between innovation and privacy. The
concerns about privacy and security are legitimate and warrant careful consideration. Ensuring
that technological advancements do not compromise citizen rights requires a multifaceted
approach that includes robust policies, stakeholder engagement, and stringent security measures.
Concept and Application
Implementing smart city technologies in CityX necessitates a thorough framework that prioritizes
b. What strategies would you propose to ensure that CityX reaps the benefits of innovation
while safeguarding the privacy rights and security of its residents? How would you engage
with stakeholders to build trust and consensus on these critical issues? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In CityX, leveraging smart city technologies while respecting privacy rights and ensuring security
is a critical challenge. As we aim to transform our city, it is vital to develop strategies that not
only embrace innovation but also protect our citizens. Engaging stakeholders and building
consensus are central to these efforts, ensuring that the deployment of new technologies garners
Enterprise Resource Planning
June 2024 Examination
Q.1) StudyMitra is a Coaching Centre based in Mumbai which provides coaching to
aspirants who want to pursue their career in civil services. The Coaching Centre has
gained profound success with the number of Students who have cracked the exams of
civil services. StudyMitra has expanded their Centre with various departments such as
Admission, Academics, Call centre, Finance, HR etc. With the extending number of
business processes, discuss using which technology StudyMitra can integrate their
processes to smoothen and streamline the business processes of the Coaching Centre.
Discuss any 5 benefits/reasons of implementing this technology. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In today’s fast-paced educational landscape, coaching centers like StudyMitra, which
specialize in preparing aspirants for civil services, are increasingly facing the challenge of
managing an expanding array of departments and processes efficiently. As StudyMitra has
grown, the introduction of various departments such as Admission, Academics, Call Centre,
Finance, HR, and others has necessitated a more cohesive and integrated approach to
managing these diverse functions. To meet these challenges and ensure a seamless operational
flow, implementing an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system emerges as a pivotal
technological solution. ERP systems are comprehensive, integrated software platforms
designed to manage and streamline all aspects of an organization’s operations. By adopting an
ERP system, StudyMitra can significantly enhance its efficiency, improve data accuracy, and
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Q2. GoodBake is a confectionary maker organization which makes different types of
confectionaries. With the vast growing business across the Country, they decided to
implement ERP system in their organization. Discuss the ERP implementation
methodology which GoodBake will follow and also explain how ERP implementation will
help the organization to achieve success across all branches of Country. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the realm of confectionary making, GoodBake stands out as a rapidly expanding enterprise,
spanning across the country with a diverse range of delightful treats. As the business scales,
the complexity of managing operations, from supply chain logistics to sales and customer
relationships, significantly increases. To address these challenges and streamline its processes,
GoodBake has wisely decided to implement an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system.
This strategic move is aimed at integrating all facets of its operations into a unified, efficient
system that can support its growth ambitions. The decision to adopt ERP technology is not just
about improving operational efficiency; it’s about transforming the organizational
infrastructure to support seamless, scalable growth. Implementing an ERP system will enable
GoodBake to harmonize its processes across all branches, ensuring consistency, improving
decision-making, and ultimately, enhancing customer satisfaction on a national scale. This
Q3. Horizon Technology is new IT Company with the motive of providing solutions to
different Organisations by catering to their specific product requirements. They have
decided to implement ERP software in their organization to integrate the various
business processes and to enhance the efficiency of the organization.
Considering the above scenario, discuss the following:
a. What are the various factors for successful ERP implementation? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Horizon Technology, a burgeoning IT company, aims to streamline its operations and bolster
efficiency by implementing an ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system. This strategic
move is designed to integrate diverse business processes, thereby enhancing organizational
efficiency and improving service delivery to its clientele. The success of such an
implementation hinges on several critical factors that must be meticulously considered to
ensure the ERP system fully realizes its potential in fostering operational coherence and
driving business growth.
Concept and application
The successful implementation of an ERP system within Horizon Technology, or any
organization, is contingent upon various factors that collectively contribute to the seamless
b. Discuss the challenges which Horizon Technology may face while ERP
implementation. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Horizon Technology’s initiative to implement an ERP system, while strategic, is fraught with
challenges that can impede its path to achieving a seamless integration of business processes.
These challenges, inherent to the complexity and scale of ERP implementations, can affect
various aspects of the organization, from operational workflows to employee morale.
Recognizing and preparing for these potential hurdles is crucial for Horizon Technology to
navigate the implementation process successfully and leverage the ERP system to enhance
Industrial Relations & Labour Laws
June 2024 Examination
1. In a manufacturing facility situated in Pune, India, female workers have raised
concerns about disparities in remuneration when compared to their male counterparts.
The factory management is committed to addressing these issues in line with the Equal
Remuneration Act, 1976. As a legal consultant specializing in labor laws for factories,
provide a comprehensive set of recommendations to the factory management to ensure
compliance with the Act. Consider measures to identify and rectify gender-based wage
gaps within a factory setting, taking into account factors such as job roles, working
conditions, and any specific challenges or considerations pertinent to the manufacturing
environment. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
Gender-based wage disparities have long been a significant concern in the workforce,
including within manufacturing facilities like the one in Pune, India. The Equal Remuneration
Act, 1976, stands as a pillar in the effort to ensure gender equality in terms of compensation.
However, despite legislative provisions, gender pay gaps persist, necessitating proactive
measures from management to address and rectify these discrepancies. In this context, as a
legal consultant specializing in labor laws for factories, providing comprehensive
recommendations to the factory management becomes crucial. This entails not only ensuring
compliance with the Equal Remuneration Act but also fostering an environment of equity and
fairness in compensation practices. This essay will outline a set of recommendations aimed at
identifying and rectifying gender-based wage gaps within the manufacturing facility while
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2. In a textile mill located in Coimbatore, India, there have been concerns raised by
pregnant employees regarding maternity benefits and related provisions under The
Maternity Benefit Act, 1961. The mill management is keen on ensuring compliance and
supporting the well- being of pregnant employees. As a legal consultant specializing in
labor laws, provide a set of recommendations to the mill management to ensure
adherence to the Act. Include considerations for maternity leave, working conditions for
pregnant employees, benefits during the maternity period, and any recent amendments
to the Act that might impact the mill’s policies. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961, is a crucial legislation in India aimed at safeguarding the
rights of pregnant women in the workforce. Its provisions encompass various aspects such as
maternity leave, working conditions for pregnant employees, and benefits during the
maternity period. In the context of a textile mill in Coimbatore, where concerns regarding
maternity benefits have been raised, it becomes imperative for the management to ensure
compliance with the Act while prioritizing the well-being of pregnant employees. This
requires a thorough understanding of the Act’s provisions and any recent amendments that
might impact policies within the mill. As a legal consultant specializing in labor laws, the
following recommendations are provided to the mill management to ensure adherence to the
3. In a call center based in Bangalore, India, there is a growing dispute between the
customer service representatives and the management concerning working hours and
performance- related incentives. The employees argue that the extended working hours
negatively impact their work-life balance, while the management asserts that it is
essential for meeting client demands. The tension has led to a decrease in productivity
and an increase in grievances. Both parties are open to external intervention to resolve
the dispute.
a. As an industrial relations expert, the call center management is seeking advice on
opting for voluntary arbitration to address the issues raised by the customer service
representatives. Outline the advantages and disadvantages of voluntary arbitration, the
process involved, and how it can be initiated. Provide insights into how voluntary
arbitration can be a viable alternative to litigation in resolving the dispute, considering
the specific concerns of the call centre employees. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
In the context of a growing dispute between customer service representatives and
management in a call center in Bangalore regarding working hours and performance-related
incentives, the option of voluntary arbitration emerges as a potential mechanism for resolving
the conflict. As an industrial relations expert, it’s crucial to assess the advantages and
disadvantages of voluntary arbitration, the process involved, and its suitability as an
cooperation among its workforce.
b. Simultaneously, the customer service representatives are considering formal legal
avenues, such as adjudication, to address their grievances. As a legal consultant, explain
the process and implications of adjudication in the context of resolving industrial
disputes. Highlight the role of labor courts, the legal framework surrounding
adjudication, and the potential outcomes that may arise from pursuing this path.
Consider the factors that both parties should weigh when deciding whether to opt for
adjudication. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
In the midst of a dispute between customer service representatives and management in a call
center in Bangalore, the consideration of formal legal avenues, particularly adjudication, has
emerged as a potential course of action for the employees to address their grievances. As a
legal consultant, it’s essential to elucidate the process and implications of adjudication in the
context of resolving industrial disputes, considering the role of labor courts, the legal
International Business
June 2024 Examination
1. Sociologist Roland Robertson, wrote that Glocalization meant “the simultaneity—the
co- presence—of both universalizing and particularizing tendencies.” In your view what
are the steps a company needs to accomplish to attain Glocalization? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Glocalization, a term that captures the complex interplay between the global and the local,
offers a strategic blueprint for businesses aiming to thrive in diverse international markets. This
concept, which sociologist Roland Robertson described as the coexistence of universalizing
and particularizing tendencies, provides a framework through which companies can cater to
universal demands while respecting local sensibilities. Achieving glocalization requires a
nuanced understanding of global trends alongside deep insights into local cultures, consumer
behavior, and market dynamics. For a company to successfully implement glocalization, it
must navigate a series of strategic steps that balance these global influences with local
adaptations. This essay will explore the practical steps companies must take to achieve
glocalization, emphasizing how this balance can lead to sustained international success and
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2. Your company is in manufacturing herbal products in areas of cosmetics, and is keen
on expanding the business globally. Discuss the challenges of marketing your product
globally and suggest measures to overcome them? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Expanding a business globally, particularly in the niche of herbal cosmetics, presents a unique
set of challenges and opportunities. The global market for herbal products is growing, driven
by increasing consumer awareness about health and sustainability. However, navigating this
landscape requires a deep understanding of diverse market dynamics, regulatory environments,
and consumer preferences. For a company specializing in herbal cosmetics, global expansion
means adapting to these variances while maintaining the integrity and authenticity of the
product offerings. This essay will explore the challenges inherent in marketing herbal
cosmetics globally, such as regulatory compliance, cultural differences, and competition. It will
also suggest strategic measures to overcome these challenges, ensuring successful market
3. Read the following case study carefully and then answer the questions that follow:
McDonald’s after their market entry in India via opening various outlets under their
brand name, that charge a royalty linked to sales. It has continually adapted to the
customer’s tastes, value systems, lifestyle, language and perception. Globally McDonald’s
was known for its hamburgers, beef and pork burgers. Most Indians are barred by
religion not to consume beef or pork. To survive, the company had to be responsive
to the Indian sensitivities. So, McDonald’s came up with chicken, lamb and fish burgers
to suite the Indian palate. India has a huge population of vegetarians. To cater to this
customer segment, the company came up with a completely new line of vegetarian items
like Mc Veggie burger and Mc Aloo Tikki. The separation of vegetarian and nonvegetarian
sections
is
maintained
throughout the various
stages.
a. Explain which environmental factor of PESTEL had to be adapted by McDonalds in
this case? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In their expansion to India, McDonald’s encountered unique challenges that required
significant adaptations to their standard business model. This adaptation was driven primarily
by one specific environmental factor under the PESTEL analysis framework. PESTEL stands
for Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, and Legal factors, each playing
a crucial role in shaping business strategies in international markets. The factor most pertinent
to McDonald’s adaptation in India falls under the “Social” category.
Concept and Application
The “Social” factor of the PESTEL analysis is critical in understanding consumer behavior,
cultural norms, and societal values, which significantly influence product offerings and
b. Suggest which market entry strategy was followed by McDonalds to enter Indian
market? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
McDonald’s entry into the Indian market exemplifies a strategic approach to international
expansion that is tailored to fit local business climates and consumer cultures. The method they
employed is a blend of direct investment and franchise partnerships, which is commonly
referred to in international business as a “Master Franchise” model. This approach allowed
McDonald’s to maintain control over its brand while leveraging local expertise and resources to
International Marketing
June 2024 Examination
1. Taking your business into the global marketplace can be a daunting task and also
navigating it is tricky. What in your opinion motivates firms to engage in international
marketing? (10 Marks)
Introduction
In today’s interconnected global economy, the allure of international marketing is irresistible
for many firms seeking growth beyond their domestic boundaries. The decision to venture
into the global marketplace is driven by various compelling reasons. Primarily, companies
are motivated by the potential for increased sales and market diversification, which promise
higher revenues and a broader customer base. Moreover, the saturation of local markets
compels businesses to explore new territories to sustain their growth trajectories. Another
significant factor is the advancement in technology and communication, which has drastically
reduced the barriers to entry in foreign markets, making international marketing more
feasible than ever before. Additionally, firms pursue global outreach to enhance their
competitive advantage, gain access to new resources, and respond to global economic trends.
for businesses willing to embrace the intricacies of global commerce.
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2. How in your opinion does India benefits when Foreign Direct Investments (FDI), and
FII invest in India? (10 Marks)
Introduction
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Foreign Institutional Investment (FII) play pivotal roles
in the economic development of a nation, particularly in emerging markets like India. These
investments not only bring capital but also catalyze a series of economic transformations. For
India, attracting FDI and FII has been a cornerstone of its economic policy, particularly since
the liberalization of its economy in 1991. The inflow of foreign capital offers numerous
benefits, including technological transfer, enhancement in employment opportunities, and
bolstering the country’s balance of payments. Moreover, these investments significantly
contribute to the overall growth of the economy by integrating it with global markets,
fostering competitiveness, and encouraging the adoption of modern management practices.
This discussion aims to delve deeper into how FDI and FII investments shape the landscape
3. Read the following case study carefully and then answer the questions that follow:
Harley-Davidson Inc. is discontinuing sales and manufacturing operations in India as
part of its company-wide restructuring. India hasn’t been an easy market for Harley,
where it sells a few thousand bikes. The company operates a “complete knock-down”
assembly plant, where components and parts are imported from U.S. and assembled
into motorcycles. Finding the price sweet spot and gaining traction in India, even with
models made for the market with smaller engines, has been difficult. Discounts
sometimes help; at other times, they turn off buyers. Duties and taxes haven’t been
lowered to keep pace, while ownership costs and road taxes have increased. State levies
make up 50% of a vehicle’s on-road price. Many large domestic manufacturers though
are exporting a significant proportion of their overall production.
Recently, an announcement was made after around a month of Harley-Davidson exit.
“As per a distribution agreement, Hero Moto Corp will sell and service HarleyDavidson
motorcycles,
and
sell
parts
&
accessories
and
general
merchandise
riding
gear

and
apparel
through
a
network
of
brand-exclusive
Harley-Davidson
dealers
and
Hero’s

existing

dealership network in India,” Hero Moto Corp said in a statement. Some
industry experts are considering it as an apt strategy for Harley-Davidson and Hero
Motor Corp.
a. State any five likely reasons that led to Harley discontinuing its sales &
manufacturing in India. Examine the stated reasons critically by providing suitable
arguments. (5 Marks)
Introduction
Harley-Davidson’s decision to discontinue its sales and manufacturing operations in India
marks a significant shift in its global strategy. This move reflects the challenges the iconic
American brand faced in a complex and competitive market. Analyzing the reasons behind
this strategic withdrawal provides insights into the broader dynamics of international business
operations in diverse markets.
Concept and application
1. High Cost Structure
One of the primary reasons for Harley-Davidson’s exit from India is the high cost structure
b. Discuss the type of strategic alliance between Harley-Davidson with Hero Motor
Corp. Provide your arguments if this alliance can be beneficial for both the companies.
(5 Marks)
Introduction
The strategic alliance between Harley-Davidson and Hero MotoCorp represents a significant
shift in business strategy for the American motorcycle giant in the Indian market. This
partnership, formed after Harley-Davidson’s decision to cease direct sales and production in
India, leverages Hero MotoCorp’s established presence and distribution network. This
analysis explores the nature of this alliance and evaluates its potential benefits for both
IT Project Management
June 2024 Examination
1. What factors are considered when assessing project feasibility in IT project
management? How does feasibility impact project initiation? Explain the concept of a
request for proposal (RFP) in the context of IT projects. What information does an RFP
typically include? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In IT project management, assessing project feasibility is a critical early step, ensuring that a
proposed project is viable and aligns with strategic objectives before significant resources are
allocated. This evaluation includes various dimensions such as technical, economic, legal,
operational, and schedule feasibility. The outcome of this assessment significantly influences
project initiation, serving as a foundational decision-making tool. In tandem with feasibility
studies, the Request for Proposal (RFP) process is pivotal. An RFP is a document issued by a
business to solicit vendor proposals for products, services, or solutions and is crucial in the
procurement phase of project management. This document outlines the business needs,
project specifications, and criteria for vendor selection, facilitating a structured and
competitive bidding process. Understanding these elements is essential for managing IT
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2. You have been hired as a project manager by a leading IT consulting firm to oversee
the implementation of a new enterprise resource planning (ERP) system for a
multinational corporation. The ERP system aims to streamline business processes,
enhance data visibility, and improve decision-making capabilities across various
departments.
Create a brief plan with following pointers.
i. Define the scope of the project, including key deliverables, milestones, and project
objectives.
ii. Create a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) to decompose the project scope into
manageable tasks and sub-tasks (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of business technology, the implementation of an Enterprise
Resource Planning (ERP) system is a critical endeavor for multinational corporations seeking
to unify and optimize their operations. As a project manager at a leading IT consulting firm,
my role involves overseeing the deployment of a new ERP system designed to streamline
business processes, enhance data visibility, and facilitate informed decision-making across
various departments. This brief plan outlines the scope, including key deliverables and
milestones, and provides a detailed Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) to ensure the project
is broken down into manageable, executable tasks. Through meticulous planning and
strategic execution, this project aims to deliver a robust ERP solution that aligns with the
3. RASHA Corporation, a leading technology company, is facing a challenge in
allocating resources to multiple ongoing projects. The company has several highpriority

projects in various stages of development, each requiring a different set of
resources and expertise. As the head of the project management team, you are tasked
with effectively managing the allocation of resources to ensure successful project
completion while maximizing resource utilization. As the project manager, how would
you approach the allocation of resources to the multiple ongoing projects at RASHA
Corporation? Discuss the following aspects in detail:
a. Resource loading and resource leveling techniques you would employ to balance
resource allocation across projects and avoid resource overloading. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
At RASHA Corporation, managing the allocation of resources across multiple high-priority
projects is crucial for operational success. As the head of the project management team,
employing effective resource management techniques, such as resource loading and leveling,
is essential to optimize utilization and ensure project deliverables are met without
overburdening resources.
Concept and Application
Resource management in a multi-project environment like RASHA Corporation involves
b. Strategies for allocating scarce resources to projects with competing priorities and
ensuring equitable distribution of resources and the application of Goldratt’s critical
chain methodology to optimize resource utilization and minimize project delays. (5
Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Allocating scarce resources among competing projects is a common challenge in large
organizations like RASHA Corporation. Implementing strategic allocation methods and
innovative methodologies like Goldratt’s Critical Chain is essential to manage this
complexity. These strategies ensure equitable distribution of resources and optimization of
utilization, thereby minimizing delays and enhancing project efficiency.
Concept and Application
Manpower Planning, Recruitment and Selection
June 2024 Examination
1. Career Anchors play vital role while deciding the career choices. Analyze the
significance of understanding Career Anchors in guiding individuals towards fulfilling
career choices and professional development. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
In the dynamic landscape of modern careers, understanding one’s career anchors has emerged
as a fundamental aspect of navigating professional trajectories. Edgar Schein’s concept of
career anchors illuminates the underlying values, interests, and strengths that shape
individuals’ career choices and aspirations. Career anchors serve as guiding principles,
directing individuals towards paths that align with their intrinsic motivations and personal
fulfillment. This essay explores the significance of comprehending career anchors in guiding
individuals towards fulfilling career choices and professional development. By delving into the
core concepts of career anchors and their implications for both individuals and organizations,
we aim to underscore the importance of this understanding in today’s evolving workplace
2. “Irrespective of the experience level, Induction Training plays an important role for a
new employee” Explain why you agree or disagree with this statement. Provide a detailed
analysis of the challenges often faced during the induction process (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
Induction training serves as the initial stepping stone for any new employee entering an
organization, regardless of their experience level. It sets the tone for their integration into the
company culture, familiarizes them with policies, procedures, and expectations, and equips
them with the necessary knowledge and skills to excel in their role. Whether a novice or a
seasoned professional, the importance of induction training cannot be overstated. In this essay,
we will delve into the significance of induction training for employees at all experience levels,
exploring how it aids in their assimilation into the organization and contributes to their longterm
success.
Induction training serves as a crucial component of the onboarding process for new
employees, regardless of their prior experience levels. Here, we will elaborate on why
induction training holds significance for all employees, followed by an analysis of the
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3. 360- degree feedback is effective way of appraising the performance of employees
provided it is designed and implemented scientifically.
a. Give reasons of how 360 degrees feedback is an effective method of performance
appraisal. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
360-degree feedback has revolutionized the traditional approach to performance appraisal by
incorporating insights from multiple sources within an organization. This essay explores the
effectiveness of 360-degree feedback as a method of evaluating employee performance. By
considering feedback from supervisors, peers, subordinates, and other stakeholders, 360degree
feedback
provides
a
comprehensive
and
holistic
assessment
of
an
individual’s
strengths,

weaknesses,
and
developmental
areas.
This
approach
not
only
fosters
employee
development

but also
promotes
collaboration,
communication, and
alignment with
organizational goals. In
b. While using this method, organizations might come across some difficulties. What
kind of difficulties can be faced by the organizations and how those difficulties can be
addressed? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Despite its numerous benefits, the implementation of 360-degree feedback in organizations
can present certain challenges. This essay will explore the difficulties that organizations may
encounter when using this method of performance appraisal and propose strategies for
addressing these challenges.
Concept and application
Lack of Rater Reliability: One common difficulty in 360-degree feedback is the
inconsistency or unreliability of raters. Different raters may interpret evaluation criteria
Marketing of Financial Services
June 2024 Examination
Q1. How various Commercial Banks play pivotal role in Marketing of Financial
Services? Kindly explain the paradigm (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Commercial banks are fundamental players in the marketing of financial services, acting as
bridges between economic resources and market demands. These institutions deploy a myriad
of strategies to attract and retain customers, enhancing both their service delivery and
competitive stance in a dynamic industry. The pivotal role of commercial banks in the
marketing of financial services is increasingly significant due to the digital transformation and
globalization affecting the financial sector. This discussion delves into the various marketing
strategies used by commercial banks, from personalized banking and technological innovation
to strategic partnerships and educational initiatives. By understanding these approaches, we
can appreciate how banks not only distribute financial products but also create substantial
value for customers, thereby influencing consumer behavior and driving economic activities
Q2. In what sense LIFE INSURANCE can have the Instrumental place in overall
Financial Services? If yes, explain key types of Life Insurance (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Life insurance plays a pivotal role within the broader landscape of financial services, serving
as both a fundamental protective mechanism and a financial planning tool. It is instrumental in
securing the financial future of individuals and their families by providing monetary benefits
in the event of unforeseen circumstances. The integration of life insurance into financial
services is not merely about mitigating risks but also about enhancing financial stability and
planning for long-term goals. Through a variety of policy types, life insurance addresses
diverse needs from basic income replacement to complex estate planning, making it a
cornerstone of comprehensive financial strategies. The significance of life insurance extends
beyond individual benefits, impacting broader economic stability and continuity by
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Q3a. How Indian Govt. contributing their Community Welfare role in Financial
Services Marketing at Post Office & Other Places? Elaborate Paradigm. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The Indian government plays a significant role in enhancing community welfare through the
marketing of financial services at post offices and other public facilities. This approach not
only democratizes access to financial services but also integrates socio-economic development
objectives into its strategy, ensuring that all segments of society benefit from these services.
Concept and Application
The paradigm of community welfare in financial services marketing by the Indian government
Q3b. In case of Banks or Insurance Company or any other FI rendering of Financial
Services what can be observed as most Distinct Characteristics of Financial Services?
Elaborate any 4 to 5 Distinct Financial Services. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Financial services rendered by banks, insurance companies, and other financial institutions
(FIs) possess unique characteristics that distinguish them from other service sectors. These
attributes not only define the nature of the services provided but also influence how they are
delivered and perceived by consumers. Understanding these characteristics is essential for both
service providers and customers to navigate the complex landscape of modern financial
services effectively.
Concept and Application
Intangibility: Unlike physical goods, financial services are intangible. They cannot be seen,
Marketing Strategy
June 2024 Examination
FashionFusion Apparel is a well-known fashion retail chain operating in major cities
across the country. The company offers a diverse range of trendy clothing, accessories,
and footwear for men, women, and children, catering to fashion-conscious consumers.
FashionFusion Apparel’s current marketing strategy encompasses a blend of traditional
and digital marketing initiatives aimed at promoting its products and services. The
company utilizes various channels such as television commercials, fashion magazines,
social media platforms
(Instagram, Facebook), email marketing campaigns, and its official website to connect
with customers.
The marketing campaigns focus on showcasing the latest fashion trends, highlighting the
quality and affordability of its products, and enticing customers with special promotions
and discounts. FashionFusion Apparel also organizes fashion shows, influencer
collaborations, and exclusive events to engage with its target audience and enhance
brand visibility.
Challenges with Current Marketing:
Despite its concerted efforts, FashionFusion Apparel faces several challenges in executing
its marketing strategy effectively:
Online Visibility: While FashionFusion Apparel has an online presence, its visibility and
engagement levels on digital platforms are relatively modest compared to competitors.
The company struggles to drive traffic to its website and social media channels, limiting
its reach and impact in the highly competitive online retail landscape.
Targeting Effectiveness: The current marketing efforts lack precision in targeting
specific customer segments. As a result, the messaging may not resonate with the
intended audience, leading to suboptimal conversion rates and customer acquisition.
Intense Competition: FashionFusion Apparel operates in a fiercely competitive market
where rival brands are constantly vying for market share. The company finds it
challenging to differentiate its offerings and communicate its unique value proposition
amidst the clutter of competing marketing campaigns.
Shifting Consumer Preferences: FashionFusion Apparel grapples with the changing
preferences and behaviors of modern consumers, including a growing preference for
online shopping, sustainability-conscious purchasing decisions, and demand for
personalized shopping experiences. Adapting to these evolving trends requires agility
and innovation in the company’s marketing approach.
In conclusion, FashionFusion Apparel faces significant challenges in effectively executing
its marketing strategy.
Q1. As a consultant, explain the PESTEL analysis applicable to the FashionFusion
Apparel Business. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
FashionFusion Apparel, a prominent fashion retail chain, operates in a dynamic industry
characterized by rapid changes in consumer preferences and intense market competition. The
company leverages both traditional and digital marketing strategies to promote its array of
trendy apparel and accessories across various demographics. Despite these efforts,
FashionFusion faces numerous challenges that hinder its market reach and overall
effectiveness in a competitive landscape. A PESTEL analysis, which examines the Political,
Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental, and Legal factors affecting a business, is
crucial in understanding these external elements. This strategic tool will help FashionFusion
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Q2. Explain the 7P’s of Marketing for the brand FashionFusion Apparel. (Make
assumptions wherever applicable). (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
FashionFusion Apparel, a leading fashion retail chain, embodies the modern blend of style,
accessibility, and innovation in the competitive fashion industry. The 7P’s of Marketing—
Product, Price, Place, Promotion, People, Process, and Physical Evidence—are essential tools
for evaluating and enhancing the company’s marketing strategies. Each element plays a critical
role in shaping the company’s market presence and customer interactions. By aligning these
components effectively, FashionFusion can ensure a cohesive approach that maximizes
customer value and strengthens its brand identity. This discussion delves into how each of the
7P’s is utilized by FashionFusion Apparel to navigate the challenges and opportunities in the
Q3a. Create a Vision, Mission, Goals, and objectives for the FashionFusion Apparel
Business. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
FashionFusion Apparel, a dynamic player in the fashion retail sector, seeks to articulate a clear
strategic direction through its vision, mission, goals, and objectives. This framework not only
defines the company’s aspirations and operational ethos but also guides its tactical decisions
and growth strategies. The development of these elements is crucial for aligning organizational
b) As a consultant, explain the concept of Segmentation, Target Market and positioning
for the brand FashionFusion. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
FashionFusion Apparel, by effectively utilizing market segmentation, target marketing, and
positioning strategies, can significantly enhance its competitive advantage in the bustling
fashion retail sector. These strategic marketing frameworks allow FashionFusion to identify
and cater to specific consumer segments, aligning products and marketing efforts with the
distinct needs and preferences of these groups, thus maximizing market impact and business
Operations and Supply Chain Strategies
June 2024 Examination
1. Mr. Bansal, previously employed at esteemed tuition centers, possessed extensive
teaching experience. One day, he conceived the innovative idea of launching online
classes, foreseeing the potential for a wider student base and increased geographical
reach. Consequently, he left his job to establish his online education venture. Despite
facing significant challenges during the initial phase, he eventually stabilized his business,
reaching a break-even point. Analyzing the present state of online learning classes in
terms of the industry life cycle, it showcases a maturing phase, marked by initial struggles
followed by gradual stabilization and growth. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic realm of education, the inception of online learning has marked a revolutionary
shift from traditional classroom settings to virtual platforms, offering accessibility and
flexibility to learners worldwide. Mr. Bansal’s transition from a conventional tutor to the
pioneer of an online education venture encapsulates the essence of innovation and adaptability
in the face of evolving educational needs and technological advancements. His journey from
grappling with initial challenges to achieving a sustainable business model mirrors the broader
trajectory of the online learning industry. This transition is not just a personal success story but
a reflection of the industry’s growth phase, characterized by adaptation, resilience, and eventual
stabilization. As we delve deeper into the lifecycle of the online learning industry, it becomes
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2. Mr Shankar started a new business of payment bank operating in India market. He is
now thinking to expand this business in rural area as well as outside India. To increase
profit, he is exploring international market. Due to different government rules and
regulation, policies across different countries he would face difficulties. Examine and
propose different level of strategic approaches for him to implement within the company,
aiming to enhance overall business profitability. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the rapidly evolving financial landscape, payment banks have emerged as pivotal players,
offering a wide array of banking services tailored to the needs of diverse customer segments.
Mr. Shankar’s venture into this domain, particularly focusing on the untapped potential of rural
markets and the allure of international expansion, underscores a strategic ambition to redefine
accessibility and convenience in banking. However, venturing into rural areas within India and
scaling operations internationally presents a complex maze of regulatory, operational, and
market-related challenges. Different countries’ regulatory frameworks, coupled with the unique
needs of rural consumers, necessitate a nuanced approach to strategy formulation. To navigate
3a. Pharmaceutical manufacturing firm has been operating in India for the past five
years, with numerous stores both within and outside the city. The company is
contemplating the establishment of its own manufacturing unit, a move supported by
government incentives to encourage domestic production within the Indian market.
a. How can full set of logistical drivers be used to create overall competitive strategy? (5
Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the competitive realm of pharmaceutical manufacturing, leveraging logistical drivers is
pivotal for a firm aspiring to establish its own production unit, especially within the intricate
Indian market. These drivers—transportation, inventory, facilities, information, sourcing, and
pricing—serve as the backbone of a robust supply chain strategy, enabling the firm to optimize
operations, reduce costs, and enhance customer satisfaction. By strategically aligning these
b. Management is not sure for selection of the production process. Please suggest the most
effective approach within the production process to enhance efficiency. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Choosing the right production process is a critical decision for a pharmaceutical manufacturing
firm, especially at the juncture of establishing its own manufacturing unit. The selected
approach must ensure not just compliance with stringent regulatory standards but also
efficiency, scalability, and adaptability to market changes. The most effective production
process balances cost, quality, and time to market, underpinning the firm’s operational
efficiency and competitive edge. Identifying and implementing such a process is pivotal for the
Organisational Theory, Structure and Design
June 2024 Examination
1. Organisations are created for achieving complex goals and bringing different skills
sets. Evaluate the different features of an organisation, which are commonly found
irrespective of the size of business. Add appropriate examples. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
Organizations, regardless of their size or nature, are structured entities created with the aim of
achieving complex goals by bringing together diverse skill sets. These entities share several
common features that serve as the foundational elements of their structure, design, and
functioning. From a defined hierarchy to established communication channels and
organizational culture, these features are essential for facilitating coordination, collaboration,
and effectiveness within an organization. Understanding these common features provides
insights into how organizations operate and how they can adapt to changes in the business
environment. In this examination, we will evaluate these features and their significance in
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2. The McKinsey’s 7-S Framework helps managers identify potential changes for
improving organisational performance. Analyse the importance of the various internal
aspects that must be focused on, according to this framework. Give suitable examples.
(10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
The McKinsey 7-S Framework stands as a cornerstone in organizational theory, offering a
holistic approach to understanding and enhancing organizational effectiveness. Developed by
McKinsey & Company in the late 1970s, this framework identifies seven internal elements
crucial for organizational success: strategy, structure, systems, shared values, skills, style, and
staff. Each element interconnects with the others, forming a comprehensive model that
emphasizes alignment and integration within the organization. By analyzing and optimizing
these internal aspects, managers can identify potential areas for improvement and drive
organizational performance. This essay explores the importance of each element within the
McKinsey 7-S Framework and provides insights into their significance through relevant
3. Organisational effectiveness helps managers answer key questions for growth like
leadership cohesiveness, recruiting right people and developing future capabilities.
Keeping the above scenario in mind, explain with examples:
a. Which parameters help companies measure their organisational effectiveness? (5
Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
Organizational effectiveness is a critical aspect for companies seeking sustainable growth and
success. It enables managers to address key questions related to leadership cohesiveness,
recruiting the right people, and developing future capabilities. In this answer, we will explore
the parameters that companies use to measure their organizational effectiveness, highlighting
b. Discuss the pros and cons of the Goal Approach for understanding
organisational effectiveness. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
The goal approach is a commonly utilized method for understanding organizational
effectiveness, focusing on the achievement of predefined goals and objectives. While this
approach offers several benefits, it also presents certain limitations and challenges. In this
essay, we will explore the pros and cons of the goal approach in understanding organizational
effectiveness, highlighting its implications for management practices and strategic decision-
Organisation Culture
June 2024 Examination
1. Analyse the relationship between an organization’s culture and its structure. How do
different types of cultures (for example , clan, adhocracy, market, hierarchy) facilitate
or hinder the implementation of organizational strategies and processes? Provide
examples to support your argument.? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
Organizational culture and structure are two key elements that profoundly influence the
functioning and success of any enterprise. Culture represents the shared values, beliefs, and
behaviors that define an organization’s identity, while structure refers to the arrangement of
roles, responsibilities, and relationships within the organization. The relationship between
culture and structure is intricate, as they mutually shape and reinforce each other. This essay
aims to explore this relationship and examine how different types of cultures, such as clan,
adhocracy, market, and hierarchy, impact the implementation of organizational strategies and
processes. By understanding how culture and structure interact, leaders can effectively design
environments that support their strategic objectives and foster employee engagement and
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2. Examine the influence of leadership on organizational culture and strategic direction.
How can leaders ensure that the culture aligns with the organization’s strategic
objectives, particularly during periods of change such as mergers, acquisitions, or shifts
in strategic focus? Use theoretical concepts and real-world examples to underpin your
discussion. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
Organizational culture is a critical aspect that shapes the behaviors, attitudes, and values
within an organization, ultimately influencing its strategic direction. Leadership plays a
pivotal role in shaping and nurturing organizational culture, as well as guiding the
organization towards its strategic objectives. This essay aims to examine the profound
influence of leadership on organizational culture and strategic direction. It will delve into how
leaders can ensure that organizational culture aligns with strategic objectives, especially
during transformative periods like mergers, acquisitions, or shifts in strategic focus.
Leadership is not just about setting goals and making decisions; it involves inspiring and
motivating individuals to work towards common objectives while embodying the
3. IndraCorp, a prominent Indian conglomerate operating across South Asia, has built
its success on diversification, operating in sectors ranging from IT services to consumer
goods. Despite its achievements, IndraCorp faces challenges including high employee
turnover, reduced market innovation, and declining employee engagement, exacerbated
by the hyper-competitive markets it operates in.
To address these issues, IndraCorp’s leadership embarked on a cultural transformation
journey, focusing on innovation, employee engagement, and sustainability. They
implemented strategic initiatives such as flexible work policies to support work-life
balance, established innovation hubs across its businesses to foster new ideas, and
updated their core values to emphasize collaboration, respect, and ethical business
practices. Furthermore , key strategic interventions spanned across the following areas.
Emphasis on Work-Life Balance: Recognizing the importance of employee well- being,
IndraCorp introduced flexible working hours and remote work options. This initiative
was designed to help employees achieve a better balance between their personal and
professional lives, thereby reducing burnout and enhancing job satisfaction.
Innovation Encouragement: To reignite the spark of creativity, the company established
internal innovation labs. These labs provided employees with the resources and freedom
to pursue projects beyond their regular duties, promoting a culture of experimentation
and lifelong learning.
Revamped Core Values: IndraCorp undertook a comprehensive review of its core
values to realign them with the evolving expectations of its workforce and the broader
business landscape. The updated values emphasized teamwork, respect for
individuality, and a commitment to sustainable growth, serving as a foundational pillar
for the company’s strategic decisions and daily operations.
Leadership Development: The conglomerate invested in empathetic leadership training
for its managers. This program aimed to equip leaders with the skills to better support
and connect with their teams, fostering an environment of trust, open communication,
and mutual respect.
Feedback Mechanisms: IndraCorp introduced regular feedback sessions and an open-
door policy with management. These initiatives encouraged a culture of transparency
and continuous improvement, allowing employees to voice their ideas and concerns
freely.
Recognition Programs: To boost morale and engagement, a new recognition scheme was
implemented. This program celebrated both team and individual achievements,
highlighting contributions toward innovation and collaborative success, and
reinforcing the value of each employee’s contribution to the company’s goals. Through
these strategic interventions, IndraCorp sought not only to address its immediate
challenges but also to lay the groundwork for a resilient, adaptable, and innovative
organizational culture capable of thriving in South Asia’s hyper- competitive
markets.
3a. Considering IndraCorp’s strategic efforts to revitalize its organizational culture
amidst the challenges of operating in hyper-competitive markets, propose a set of Key
Performance Indicators (KPIs) that could effectively measure the impact of these
cultural interventions. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
IndraCorp, a leading Indian conglomerate, has undertaken significant cultural interventions to
revitalize its organizational culture amidst the challenges of hyper-competitive markets. To
effectively measure the impact of these interventions, it is essential to propose a set of Key
Performance Indicators (KPIs) aligned with the company’s strategic goals and objectives.
Concept main body:
1. Employee Engagement: KPI: Employee Engagement Score Description: Measure the
3b. How should these KPIs be aligned with the company’s long-term objectives to
ensure sustainable organizational growth and employee engagement and well-being? (5
Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Aligning Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) with the company’s long-term objectives is
crucial for ensuring sustainable organizational growth and promoting employee engagement
and well-being. By selecting KPIs that reflect the organization’s strategic priorities, IndraCorp
can monitor progress towards its desired outcomes and make informed decisions to drive
Performance Management System
June 2024 Examination
1. Ankita is working at Ojhas Limited which is a chain of retail stores specialization in
women apparels, jewellery, bags and shoes. Ankita works as a Sales Executive at the
Store and her performance has been rated as ‘good’ in the past 3 years. Since the past
6 months her performance has fallen drastically. Assume you are the manager of
Ankita. Using the Different Phases of Performance Counselling process, how would you
go about helping Ankita to improve her elements performance.
Nakshatra Services is a finance company that was established in 2023. The company
provides credit cards to Indian citizens at a nominal charge. Assume you are the
manager at Nakshatra Services. Prepare an incentive scheme for a Credit Card sales
employee using the Taylorian System covering number of credit cards sold as a piece
rate system. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
Performance management is crucial for organizations to ensure that employees meet their
targets and contribute effectively to the company’s goals. It involves various processes such
as setting expectations, assessing performance, providing feedback, and identifying areas for
improvement. In this scenario, we will explore how to address the performance issues of
Ankita, a Sales Executive at Ojhas Limited, and design an incentive scheme for a Credit Card
sales employee at Nakshatra Services.
Ankita, who has previously demonstrated good performance, has seen a decline in her
performance over the past six months. As her manager, it is essential to employ a structured
approach to performance counseling to help her improve her performance. On the other hand,
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2. You are working as Manager – Human Resources in a food processing company.
The company has its headquarters in Banglaore and factories in Kolkatta, Chennai,
Noida and Pune. Prepare the HR Scorecard for this company covering the four
perspectives of the HR Scorecard. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
The Human Resources (HR) Scorecard is a strategic tool used by organizations to measure
and manage the performance of their HR functions. It aligns HR activities with the overall
business strategy to ensure that human capital contributes effectively to organizational goals.
In this scenario, as the Manager of Human Resources for a food processing company with
headquarters in Bangalore and factories spread across Kolkata, Chennai, Noida, and Pune, it
is imperative to design an HR Scorecard that reflects the strategic objectives of the company
and its diverse operational locations.
The HR Scorecard will encompass four perspectives: Financial, Customer, Internal Processes,
and Learning and Growth. Each perspective will be tailored to the specific needs and
challenges of the food processing industry, taking into account the geographical spread of the
3. Prepare 2 performance objectives each using the SMART principles for the following
job profiles.
a. Business Analyst in the IT company. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
The role of a Business Analyst in an IT company is crucial for bridging the gap between
business needs and technical solutions. Business Analysts play a vital role in analyzing
business processes, identifying requirements, and facilitating communication between
stakeholders and development teams. Setting performance objectives for Business Analysts
using the SMART (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound) principles is
b. Sales Manager in a Real Estate company. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Performance objectives play a vital role in guiding the efforts and measuring the effectiveness
of employees in their respective roles. For a Sales Manager in a Real Estate company,
establishing clear and SMART objectives is crucial for driving sales performance, meeting
revenue targets, and contributing to the overall success of the company.
Concept and application
Objective 1: Increase Sales Volume by X% Quarterly
Specific: The Sales Manager will set a specific sales volume target to achieve
Procurement Management
June 2024 Examination
1. ABC Corporation is a medium-sized manufacturing company that specializes in
producing electronic components. Identify and describe various requisition types that
ABC Corporation might encounter in its procurement operations by explaining the
importance of categorizing requisition types and how it can help in better procurement
planning and execution. Also, show step-by-step process for issuing an RFx to ensure
effective supplier selection and negotiation. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the fast-paced world of electronic component manufacturing, ABC Corporation stands as a
beacon of innovation and efficiency. Within this sector, procurement management plays a
pivotal role in ensuring a smooth operational flow, directly impacting the company’s ability to
meet production deadlines and maintain quality standards. A critical aspect of this management
process is the categorization of requisition types. By identifying and understanding the various
requisition types, ABC Corporation can significantly enhance its procurement operations. This
categorization not only aids in streamlining the procurement process but also facilitates better
planning and execution, ultimately leading to more effective supplier selection and negotiation.
Through a meticulous step-by-step process for issuing RFx (Request for Proposal, Information,
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2. MegaMart Inc. is a multinational retail company that operates in various countries.
Explain the concept of INCO terms and their significance in international procurement
and shipping by evaluating how selecting appropriate INCO terms can affect MegaMart
Inc.’s transportation costs and responsibilities. Propose strategies that MegaMart Inc. can
implement to improve shipment tracking and visibility and recommend a comprehensive
transportation and logistics strategy that aligns with the company’s global operations,
focusing on cost efficiency and timely delivery. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the complex and dynamic landscape of global retail, MegaMart Inc. stands as a giant,
navigating the intricacies of international procurement and shipping to serve a diverse clientele
across borders. Central to its success in this endeavor are the International Commercial Terms,
commonly known as Incoterms. These terms serve as the backbone of international trade
agreements, standardizing the allocation of shipping costs and responsibilities between buyers
and sellers. For a multinational entity like MegaMart, understanding and strategically selecting
appropriate Incoterms is crucial. It directly influences the company’s transportation costs, risk
management, and operational efficiency. In a world where logistics complexity can make or
break a retail giant, leveraging Incoterms to optimize procurement and shipping processes
3. As the IT sector continues to expand its operations, it faces challenges in effectively
sourcing reliable suppliers, streamlining the supplier registration process, and evaluating
supplier performance. XYZ Tech is a fast-growing IT services company that provides a
wide range of solutions to its clients.
a. Discuss the importance of spend analysis for XYZ Tech to identify cost-saving
opportunities and strategic sourcing possibilities. Also, recommend steps and criteria for
enhancing the supplier selection process. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the rapidly evolving IT sector, companies like XYZ Tech must navigate the complexities of
supplier management to sustain growth and maintain competitiveness. Effective sourcing
strategies, underpinned by a robust spend analysis, are essential for identifying cost-saving
opportunities and optimizing the supply base. This approach not only streamlines the supplier
selection process but also ensures that partnerships are both strategic and beneficial. For XYZ
Tech, refining these processes is not just about cost reduction; it’s about enhancing operational
b. Discuss how understanding total cost ownership (TCO) can contribute to XYZ Tech’s
decision-making process when selecting suppliers and products with the help of ABC
analysis for allocating costs more accurately and making informed procurement
decisions. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
For a dynamic IT services company like XYZ Tech, making informed procurement decisions is
pivotal to maintaining operational efficiency and competitive advantage. Understanding the
Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) plays a critical role in this context, offering a comprehensive
view of the direct and indirect costs associated with procuring products and services. Coupled
with ABC analysis, a method for categorizing inventory based on importance and cost
implications, TCO provides XYZ Tech with a nuanced approach to supplier and product
Project Management
June 2024 Examination
1. Describe the typical responsibilities of a project manager. Describe the similarities
and dissimilarities in the roles and responsibilities of top management and
functional managers in a project. Use examples to support your answer. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Project management is a critical function across industries, responsible for overseeing and
guiding projects from inception to completion. At the heart of this process is the project
manager, who plays a pivotal role in planning, executing, monitoring, and closing projects.
Their responsibilities encompass a wide range of activities, including but not limited to
setting project goals, managing resources, and ensuring projects are delivered on time,
within budget, and to the required quality standards. While the project manager operates
within a specific framework focused on project objectives, top management and functional
managers play distinct yet complementary roles in an organization’s project ecosystem.
Top management typically focuses on aligning project goals with the organization’s
strategic objectives, providing resources, and setting the environment for project success. In
contrast, functional managers concentrate on managing departmental resources, expertise,
and personnel, often directly contributing to various project tasks. Despite these roles’
unique
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2. List any three potential problems in creating accurate duration estimates for
activities during scheduling projects. Describe different methods for dealing with each
potential problem. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Creating accurate duration estimates for project activities is a cornerstone of successful
project management. This process, crucial for developing realistic project schedules,
involves predicting how long each task within the project will take to complete. However,
this task is fraught with challenges due to the inherent uncertainties and complexities of
projects. Factors such as resource availability, task dependencies, and unforeseen events
can significantly impact the accuracy of duration estimates. The ability to navigate these
challenges effectively is vital for project managers to ensure that project timelines are
realistic and achievable. This essay aims to identify three potential problems in creating
3. The “procurement department” of a Supermarket prepares the monthly inventory
report for use by the stores’ purchasing agents. Given the following information,
determine:
Job Job Description
(Hours)
Time
Precedence
requirements
A Start
0
–
B
purchases
10
Get computer printouts of customer
A
C Get stock records for the month
10
A
D
records
35
Reconcile purchase printouts and stock
B,C
E Total stock record by the department
25
B,C
F Determine reorder quantity for the coming
period
45
E
G Prepare stock report for purchasing agents 20
D,F
H Finish
0
G
a. How long the process will take. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the realm of project management, understanding the sequence and duration of tasks is
crucial for efficient planning and execution. The scenario provided involves a series of
tasks that the procurement department of a supermarket must undertake to prepare a
monthly inventory report. By analyzing the tasks, their durations, and precedence
requirements, one can determine the total time needed to complete this process. This
analysis employs project scheduling techniques to ensure a systematic approach to
b. Which jobs can be delayed without delaying the early start of any subsequent
activity? Explain how the project can be fast tracked. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In project scheduling, identifying tasks that can be delayed without impacting the overall
project timeline is crucial for optimizing resource allocation and flexibility. This concept,
known as float or slack, refers to the amount of time a task can be postponed without
delaying subsequent tasks or the project’s final deadline. Additionally, understanding how
to fast track a project involves strategic decisions to shorten the project duration without
Retail Banking
June 2024 Examination
1. Retail Banking has grown exponentially over the years. What are the reasons for its
growth? What changes you perceive in coming years? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Retail banking has undergone significant transformation, expanding its influence and scope across
the financial sector. Historically, retail banks primarily offered basic services such as savings
accounts, personal loans, and mortgages. However, in recent decades, the proliferation of digital
technology has catalyzed a shift, enabling banks to provide a more comprehensive and
personalized banking experience. This expansion is driven by several key factors including
technological advancements, regulatory changes, evolving consumer expectations, and increasing
financial literacy among the general populace. As retail banking continues to adapt to new
technologies and market dynamics, its growth trajectory is expected to persist, with further
innovations and customer service enhancements on the horizon. This evolution positions retail
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2. Banks are exposed to different types of risk. What are different types of risks banks are
exposed? Explain any five with risk mitigation strategies. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Banks operate in a complex environment where they are constantly exposed to a variety of risks.
These risks can affect their financial stability, operational integrity, and reputation among clients
and regulators. Understanding these risks is crucial for banks to maintain trust and perform
efficiently in the financial market. The types of risks include credit risk, market risk, operational
risk, liquidity risk, and compliance risk. Each of these risks poses distinct challenges and requires
specific strategies for mitigation. The ability of a bank to effectively manage these risks
determines its resilience against financial crises and its overall health. In this context, risk
management becomes a pivotal aspect of banking operations, aiming to safeguard assets while
complex and competitive field.
3. Digital Banking is one-step towards Financial Inclusion Policy of Government of India.
a. Enumerate the different channels of Digital banking (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Digital banking represents a transformative shift in how financial services are delivered, enabling
broader access and convenience. In India, this shift is pivotal to achieving the government’s
Financial Inclusion Policy, aimed at ensuring that financial services are accessible to every
stratum of society. The advent of various digital banking channels has played a crucial role in this
mission.
Concept and Application
Digital banking encompasses a variety of channels, each designed to facilitate ease of access,
b. What is the vision of government with regard to Financial Inclusion? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The Indian government’s vision for financial inclusion aims to bridge the gap between the
economically disadvantaged sections of society and the mainstream financial services. This vision
is rooted in the belief that access to financial services is a key enabler of economic empowerment
and development, ensuring that everyone, regardless of their economic status, has the opportunity
to participate in and benefit from India’s growing economy.
Concept and Application
The vision of the Government of India regarding financial inclusion is comprehensive and
Service Operations Management
June 2024 Examination
Q1. Defining the concept of the ‘Service Design; explain in detail the different ways in
which organizations can implement ‘Service Design’? Support your explanation with a
reference to a restaurant setup (you can choose any reference setup of your own choice)
(10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Service design is a critical component in the operational framework of modern businesses,
particularly in the service industry. It focuses on creating efficient and effective service
delivery systems that meet customer expectations and enhance their overall experience. In
essence, service design involves the meticulous planning and organizing of people,
infrastructure, communication, and material components of a service, with the goal of
improving its quality and the interaction between the service provider and its customers. This
concept is especially pivotal in a restaurant setting where the customer’s satisfaction hinges not
just on the food, but also on the service quality and atmosphere. By exploring the application
of service design in a restaurant, we can better understand its impact on operational efficiency
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Q2. Enlist and explain in detail the various dimensions through which Service
organisations are evaluated for Quality by customers? Elaborate your answer with a
reference of any educational institute of your choice. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Evaluating the quality of services provided by organizations is pivotal to their success, as it
directly influences customer satisfaction and loyalty. In service industries, quality evaluation is
particularly nuanced due to the intangible nature of services. Customers typically assess
service quality based on several key dimensions that capture the essence of their experiences.
These dimensions provide a framework for organizations to measure and enhance their service
offerings systematically. In the context of an educational institution, understanding these
dimensions is essential for maintaining the quality of education and administrative services,
thereby ensuring student satisfaction and institutional reputation. By examining how an
educational institute like a university is evaluated by students and staff, we can gain insights
Q3. The Healthcare sector has become a very critical service sector domain in recent
times, especially in the post Covid scenario. Hence it is very obvious for Healthcare
Institutes to plan their operations in several ways to provide the best services to their
target customers. Explain the following aspects of these organisations in context of the
following areas as given below.
a. Enlist and explain the various elements that need to be incorporated in a Service
Framework of the setup. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The healthcare sector plays a vital role in societal well-being, particularly highlighted by the
recent challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. An effective service framework within
healthcare institutions is crucial to ensure the delivery of high-quality, reliable, and patientcentered
care.
This
framework
must
integrate
various
elements
that
cater
to
the
complexities

and
dynamic nature of
healthcare
services.
Concept and Application
The service framework in a healthcare setting is a comprehensive structure designed to ensure
b. How do healthcare setups use the concept of a Service Design (Blueprinting) for their
service operations. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Service design blueprinting is a strategic tool used in healthcare to map out the service process
from the patient’s perspective. It aids in visualizing all touchpoints and components involved
in service delivery, ensuring that every aspect is aligned for optimal patient care and
operational efficiency. This method is particularly crucial in healthcare, where precision and
patient experience are paramount.
Concept and Application
Service design blueprinting in healthcare involves several key steps and components that
Strategic Cost Management
June 2024 Examination
1) With the given information calculate the following for the year ended March
2023:
a) Current Ratio b) D/E Ratio
c) Interest Coverage Ratio
d) COGS Ratio
e) Return on Assets
Comment on the value in terms of its adequacy (whether it is sufficient / good or not).
Values may be rounded off to 2 decimal places. (10 marks)
Standalone Profit & Loss account
in Rs. Cr. Mar.
23
Mar. 22
INCOME
Revenue From Operations
83,251
56,336
Other Operating Revenues
1,709
1,110
Total Operating Revenues
84,960
57,446
Other Income
2,545
2,076
Total Revenue
87,505
59,522
EXPENSES
Cost Of Materials Consumed
62,226
40,506
Purchase Of Stock-In Trade
3,407
2,375
Changes In Inventories Of FG,WIP And Stock-In
Trade
(1,075)
(539)
Other Expenses
739
204
Cost of Goods Sold
65,297
42,546
Employee Benefit Expenses
3,650
3,306
Finance Costs
273
223
Depreciation And Amortisation Expenses
3,154
2,451
Other Expenses
7,001
4,761
Total Expenses
79,375
53,287
Profit/Loss Before Tax
8,131
6,235
Total Tax Expenses
1,582
1,300
Profit/Loss For The Period
6,549
4,935
All expenses may be assumed to be operating expenses.
Standalone Balance Sheet
in Rs. Cr.
Mar. 23
Mar. 22
SHAREHOLDER’S FUNDS
Equity Share Capital
599
598
Reserves and Surplus
42,757
38,362
Total Shareholders Funds
43,357
38,961
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES
Long Term Borrowings
2,332
5,678
Other Long Term Liabilities incl. Deferred Tax
2,844
2,758
Long Term Provisions
1,207
913
Total Non-Current Liabilities
6,383
9,349
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Short Term Borrowings
2,312
812
Trade Payables
17,146
12,894
Other Current Liabilities
5,975
4,661
Short Term Provisions
607
454
Total Current Liabilities
26,040
18,820
Total Capital And Liabilities
75,780
67,130
ASSETS
NON-CURRENT ASSETS
Tangible Assets
13,050
12,004
Intangible Assets
3,926
2,544
Capital Work-In-Progress
950
1,522
Intangible Assets Under Development
1,834
3,497
Fixed Assets
19,761
19,567
Non-Current Investments
17,539
17,208
Long Term Loans And Advances
177
960
Other Non-Current Assets
3,659
3,478
Total Non-Current Assets
41,136
41,213
CURRENT ASSETS
Current Investments
9,548
7,902
Inventories
8,881
5,883
Trade Receivables
4,042
3,035
Cash And Cash Equivalents
4,482
3,651
Short Term Loans And Advances
2,177
1,846
Other Current Assets
5,514
3,602
Total Current Assets
34,644
25,918
Total Assets
75,780
67,130
Ans 1.
Introduction
Strategic cost management is an essential aspect for businesses aiming to optimize their
performance by managing costs effectively while still achieving their strategic goals. The
case study presented involves a detailed analysis of the financial statements for the year
ending March 2023, focusing on key financial ratios that shed light on the company’s
operational efficiency, financial stability, and profitability. This analysis includes
calculating the current ratio, debt-to-equity (D/E) ratio, interest coverage ratio, cost of
goods sold (COGS) ratio, and return on assets (ROA). These ratios not only help in
understanding the company’s financial health but also provide insights into its strategic
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2. Following is the Operating Statement of Vayu Pvt. Ltd. for March 2023.
Rs.
Sales (20,000 units @ Rs. 80 each)
16,00,000
Operating Costs:
Raw Materials
600,000
Labour Costs
400,000
Manufacturing Overheads (Variable)
200,000
Overheads (Fixed)
150,000
a) Calculate existing Profitability.
b) Find out the following:
i. Contribution Value and Per unit
ii. PV Ratio
iii. Break Even Sales Units & value
c) The firm receives an order of manufacturing 20,000 more units and supplying
them at the rate of Rs. 50 each. As the Finance Manager advise the firm whether to
accept or reject the order (Use CVP analysis only). Assume that the firm has
adequate capacity to manufacture the additional units. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Vayu Pvt. Ltd., a manufacturing firm, presents an opportunity to evaluate its financial
performance and strategic decisions through its March 2023 operating statement. This
analysis will focus on understanding the company’s profitability, operational efficiency,
and decision-making regarding potential new orders. By delving into key financial metrics
such as profitability, contribution margin, profit-volume (PV) ratio, and break-even points,
we can gain insights into the company’s cost structure and pricing strategy. Additionally, a
critical examination using Cost-Volume-Profit (CVP) analysis will be conducted to
ascertain whether accepting a substantial new order at a reduced price is financially viable.
3a. Sridevi is looking at investment opportunities for its 2 departments. The
risk involved in both is different and hence, so is the cost of funding the project. The
current return for both departments is an average of 10%. As per the initial
assessments done, the details are as follows:
Dept. A
Dept. B
Rs. Crores
Capital Investment
200
200
Projected Returns
22
24
Advise Sridevi on whether to accept the proposals using:
(i) ROI approach
(ii) Residual Income approach if Cost of funding the investment is 10% and 14%
respectively. (5 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
When evaluating investment opportunities for its two departments, Sridevi must consider
the different risks and associated costs of funding. Given that both departments currently
yield an average return of 10%, a thorough analysis using both the Return on Investment
(ROI) and Residual Income (RI) approaches will provide insight into the viability of the
proposed investments. Each approach offers distinct insights into the profitability and
b. Agarwal & Sons. Produces 3 different products X,Y and Z. The production is
mainly done in line with the market demand of the previous month, in the order of
Sales Price in case of any limit of resources. The company now wants to optimize its
product mix to earn the maximum profitability. The following information is
available.
You are required to advise on the optimum product mix for the company.
UoM
X
Y
Z
Sales Price
500
450
400
Rs. Per unit
Variable
100
90
75
Manufacturing Costs
Variable Overheads
20
25
15
Total Demand
No. of units
1000
2000
4000
Machine hours reqd.
Hours Per unit
for production
25
15
12
Total machine hours available for the year 1,00,000 hours only. Also, the company
incurred Fixed Manufacturing Overheads of Rs. 1,00,000 and fixed Selling Expenses
of Rs. 45,000. Both these expenses are generally apportioned in the ratio of no. of
units produced. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Agarwal & Sons aims to optimize its product mix to maximize profitability, considering
production constraints and market demand. An analysis based on the contribution margin
per unit and per machine hour, combined with the limited availability of machine hours,
will guide the decision on the most profitable production strategy. This approach aligns
with achieving the highest possible return while adhering to operational limitations.
Concept and Application
Determining Contribution per Unit
The first step in optimizing the product mix is to calculate the contribution margin per unit
Supply Chain Management
June 2024 Examination
1. Find out some MNCs that have outsourced their business processes. Prepare a report
on the benefits that these organizations have received after outsourcing their processes.
(10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the era of globalization, outsourcing has emerged as a strategic imperative for many
multinational corporations (MNCs) seeking to enhance their competitive edge. This business
strategy involves delegating various operational tasks—ranging from manufacturing to
customer service and back-office functions—to external partners, often located in different
geographical regions. The inclination towards outsourcing is driven by the pursuit of cost
reduction, access to specialized skills, focus on core competencies, and the desire for
operational flexibility. As we delve deeper, it becomes apparent that outsourcing, despite its
challenges, has offered substantial benefits to MNCs. These benefits not only include
financial savings but also strategic advantages such as improved service quality, innovation,
and market expansion. By examining the experiences of various MNCs with outsourcing, we
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2. What characterizes supply chains that could be affected significantly by the bullwhip
effect?
How can the bullwhip effect be reduced? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The bullwhip effect is a phenomenon in supply chain management that results in
inefficiencies and fluctuations in supply chains due to variances in demand forecasts. This
effect, named for the way a small flick of a whip’s handle can cause a large motion at the tip,
similarly means small shifts in consumer demand can cause larger, disproportionate
reactions up the supply chain. Characteristically, it leads to significant challenges for
businesses, including overstocking, stockouts, and escalated costs. Supply chains vulnerable
to the bullwhip effect often feature complex networks, long lead times, and a lack of
transparent communication across various stages. Understanding the factors that contribute
to this phenomenon is crucial for businesses aiming to mitigate its impacts. By analyzing the
characteristics of affected supply chains and implementing strategic measures, companies
3. You are the supply chain manager of a PC manufacture. You have noticed that the
customer demand is very dynamic and you want to cater to all the customer demand so
you have decided to sell the customized PCs online.
a. What is a push/pull view of supply chain process? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the context of supply chain management, understanding the push/pull view is crucial,
especially for businesses like a PC manufacturer facing dynamic customer demands. This
perspective delineates the supply chain based on the timing of the execution relative to
customer demand. By classifying processes into either push or pull, companies can better
align their production strategies with market demands, thereby enhancing efficiency,
responsiveness, and customer satisfaction. This is particularly relevant when transitioning to
selling customized PCs online, where demand unpredictability necessitates a nuanced supply
b. Explain what kind of supply chain process will be applicable. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
For a PC manufacturer transitioning to selling customized PCs online to meet dynamic
customer demands, selecting the appropriate supply chain process is critical. The chosen
process must not only accommodate the customization required by each customer but also
ensure efficiency, speed, and flexibility in production and distribution. Given the unique
challenges presented by this business model, a tailored supply chain strategy that combines
Taxation- Direct and Indirect
June 2024 Examination
1. How do the setoff and carry forward rules in income tax assist taxpayers in managing
their tax liabilities effectively, and what are the key considerations individuals and
businesses need to be aware of when utilizing these provisions? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Taxation plays a pivotal role in the economic framework of any country, influencing business
decisions and personal finances. Among the various provisions in the realm of income tax, the
rules of setoff and carry forward stand out due to their significance in managing tax liabilities
effectively. These rules are designed to aid both individuals and businesses by allowing them to
mitigate losses in a manner that reduces their overall tax burden over time. Understanding and
utilizing these provisions appropriately can lead to substantial financial benefits and improved
cash flow management. However, taxpayers must be acutely aware of the regulatory requirements
and conditions that govern the application of these rules to ensure compliance and optimize their
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2. Explore the types of Goods and Services Tax (GST) implemented in India, including
CGST, SGST, IGST, and UTGST. Additionally, discuss the key differences between direct
and indirect taxes. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In India, the implementation of the Goods and Services Tax (GST) in July 2017 marked a
significant transformation in the country’s tax structure, streamlining multiple cascading taxes
into a unified system. GST is designed as a comprehensive, multi-stage, destination-based tax that
is levied at every point of sale. This system includes several types of GST, namely Central GST
(CGST), State GST (SGST), Integrated GST (IGST), and Union Territory GST (UTGST), each
catering to different aspects of taxation across the federation. Understanding these different
components of GST is crucial for businesses and consumers alike, as it directly affects pricing,
compliance, and revenue distribution among the central and state governments. Additionally,
3a. Discuss the concept of ‘Income from Other Sources’ under the Income Tax Act, 1961,
elucidating the types of income included in this category and the tax treatment applicable.
(5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The Income Tax Act, 1961, categorizes taxable income into five distinct heads to streamline
assessment and compliance. One such category is ‘Income from Other Sources,’ which acts as a
catch-all for income not explicitly covered under the other heads. This category ensures that all
income types are taxed, preventing any potential tax evasion through miscellaneous income
3b. Calculate income from other sources from the following information furnished by Mr.
Narasimha Rao for the current assessment year:
Agricultural income from land situated in India Rs. 30,000
Agricultural income from land situated in Singapore Rs. 40,000
Interest on Post office saving account Rs. 12,000
Interest on government securities Rs. 16,000
Interest on Public Provident Fund Rs. 17000
Dividend from BRC Ltd (an Indian company) Rs. 50,000
Dividend from UCL Ltd. (a foreign company) Rs. 36,000
Winning from lottery Rs. 70,000 (net amount received)
Rent from sub-letting of a flat Rs. 24,000.
Mr. Narasimha has spent Rs. 7000 for realizing rent and pays a rent of Rs. 10,000.
(5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Calculating ‘Income from Other Sources’ for Mr. Narasimha Rao involves identifying applicable
income types under the Income Tax Act, 1961. This process ensures accurate tax reporting and
compliance. Not all income types are treated equally; for instance, certain incomes like
agricultural income from India and interest on Public Provident Fund (PPF) are exempt from tax,
whereas others such as dividends and lottery winnings are taxable. This calculation aims to
Total Quality Management
June 2024 Examination
1. TQM has been accepted globally and is implemented on a large scale to make huge
profits by most organizations. Discuss the difference between Quality Control and Total
Quality Management. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Total Quality Management (TQM) is a holistic approach to long-term success that views
continuous improvement in all aspects of an organization as a process and not as a short-term
goal. It aims to radically transform the organization through progressive changes in the
attitudes, practices, structures, and systems. TQM integrates fundamental management
techniques, existing improvement efforts, and technical tools under a disciplined approach
focused on continuous improvement. The concept of TQM is distinctly different from the
traditional notion of Quality Control (QC), which is more narrowly focused on identifying and
correcting defects in finished products. QC functions as a corrective strategy, reacting to
problems after they have occurred. Conversely, TQM is a proactive approach that seeks to
prevent problems from happening in the first place by embedding quality in every step of the
production process. This emphasis on proactive problem prevention, involvement of all
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2. The field of quality management has been significantly influenced by several quality
gurus, each contributing unique insights. What are some key lessons from these
influential figures and the common learnings advocated by all of them? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The landscape of quality management has been profoundly shaped by the insights and
methodologies of several key figures, often referred to as quality gurus. These individuals
have introduced groundbreaking concepts and philosophies that have fundamentally altered
how organizations approach quality. While their methodologies and emphases may differ,
they share common principles that have become the bedrock of modern quality management
practices. The teachings of W. Edwards Deming, Joseph M. Juran, Philip B. Crosby, and
others, have not only emphasized the importance of quality but have also provided actionable
frameworks for achieving it. Collectively, these gurus advocate for a holistic approach to
quality, underscoring the significance of leadership, continuous improvement, customer
3. Maxx Industry finds its loyal customers are lately very unhappy with the
organization’s service. Realizing, the capability of their process is having wide-spread
impact on the business, Maxx Industry asked you to measure the process capability and
improve it to save the business.
a. Explain how measurement of process capability will help to improve the process.
(5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the face of declining customer satisfaction, Maxx Industry’s initiative to measure process
capability emerges as a critical step towards understanding and improving their service
quality. Process capability measurement is a statistical tool that assesses a process’s ability to
produce output within specified limits. This measurement not only provides insight into the
current performance and variability of the process but also identifies areas for improvement,
b. Discuss the two process capability indicators which are commonly used in the process
optimization (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the realm of process optimization, measuring process capability is crucial for understanding
and improving the efficiency and quality of operations. Among the various metrics available,
two indicators stand out for their widespread use and effectiveness: Cp and Cpk. These
indicators provide a quantifiable measure of a process’s ability to produce outputs within
specified limits, offering invaluable insights for process optimization. Understanding and
applying these indicators can significantly enhance an organization’s ability to meet customer
Warehouse Management
June 2024 Examination
1. Discuss the key factors influencing warehouse costs, and how can companies
effectively manage and optimize these costs to enhance overall operational efficiency?
Provide a detailed analysis of a specific industry like health care, food, education, IT etc
case study where effective management of warehouse costs contributed to operational
excellence and competitive advantage. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic world of logistics and supply chain management, warehouses play a pivotal
role as the backbone of industry operations, bridging the gap between production and delivery
to the end consumer. The efficiency and effectiveness of warehouse operations directly
influence a company’s overall performance, customer satisfaction, and competitive edge. Key
factors affecting warehouse costs include storage space optimization, inventory management,
labor costs, and technological integration. Companies are increasingly focusing on strategic
management and optimization of these costs to enhance operational efficiency. This involves
adopting innovative approaches such as automation, just-in-time inventory practices, and
advanced data analytics. By examining a specific industry, such as the food industry, we can
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2. What are the critical factors influencing occupational safety in warehouse
environments, and how can companies implement effective safety measures to
ensure the well-being of workers? Provide insights into best practices followed by
warehouse industry. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the complex ecosystem of warehouse operations, ensuring the safety and well-being of
workers is paramount. Occupational safety in warehouses is influenced by a myriad of
factors, ranging from the physical layout of the facility to the adoption of proper equipment
and training programs. The critical nature of these environments, often characterized by the
movement of heavy goods, operation of machinery, and execution of tasks at height, presents
inherent risks to occupational health. Companies are therefore under increasing pressure to
implement comprehensive safety measures that not only comply with regulatory standards
but also foster a culture of safety among employees. Best practices in the warehouse industry
demonstrate that effective safety measures are integral to operational efficiency, employee
satisfaction, and the minimization of workplace accidents and injuries. By prioritizing safety,
3. FrostFresh Distributors, a prominent food distributor specializing in perishable
goods, faces significant challenges in its current cold storage warehouse operations.
Dealing with a diverse range of products, including frozen foods, fresh produce, and
dairy, the company is struggling with inventory accuracy, order fulfillment speed, and
maintaining optimal storage conditions. The company aims to upgrade its warehouse
management system to ensure the integrity of perishable items, reduce waste,
and improve overall operational efficiency.
a. Analyze the challenges faced by FrostFresh Distributors. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
FrostFresh Distributors operates in the high-stakes world of perishable goods distribution,
where precision in inventory management and storage conditions is paramount. The
company’s struggle with inventory accuracy, order fulfillment speed, and maintaining optimal
storage conditions poses significant threats to its operational efficiency and profitability.
These challenges highlight the need for a sophisticated warehouse management system
b. Recommend the most suitable type of warehouse and management strategies to
address the unique requirements of a cold storage environment. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Addressing the unique requirements of a cold storage environment necessitates a
comprehensive approach that intertwines advanced warehouse design with strategic
management practices. For FrostFresh Distributors, selecting the most suitable type of
warehouse and implementing effective management strategies are critical steps towards
overcoming the challenges of handling perishable goods. An optimized cold storage solution
must not only ensure the integrity and freshness of products but also enhance operational

Business Ethics and Corporate Governance
June 2024 Examination
1. How can a regional bank struggling with a lack of transparency, employee misconduct,
and customer trust issues utilize the 7S model to implement targeted strategies and actions
aimed at cultivating a transparent and ethical organizational culture? Furthermore, what
key performance indicators and assessment methods can be employed to measure the
success of these initiatives in rebuilding trust and fostering ethical behavior within the
financial institution? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In today’s dynamic business environment, regional banks face increasing scrutiny regarding
ethical practices and governance. The emergence of issues such as lack of transparency, employee
misconduct, and diminishing customer trust highlights a crucial need for systemic organizational
change. The McKinsey 7S Framework offers a strategic approach to addressing these challenges
by focusing on aligning seven key elements: strategy, structure, systems, shared values, skills,
style, and staff. This holistic model is instrumental in diagnosing and rectifying organizational
misalignments that contribute to ethical lapses. By leveraging the 7S Framework, a regional bank
can implement targeted strategies that not only address the symptoms of these issues but also
tackle their root causes. This essay will explore how this framework can be applied to cultivate a
transparent and ethical organizational culture and discuss key performance indicators (KPIs) and
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2. Emily, an education consultant, is working with a school district to recommend
curriculum improvements. She discovers a cutting-edge educational technology company
that aligns perfectly with the district’s needs. However, Emily has a close friendship with the
CEO of the tech company, and she stands to gain financially if the school district adopts
their products. How could Emily’s conflict of interest impact her ability to promote the wellbeing
of
the
school
district,
considering
the
elements
of
the
PERMA
model
which
focuses
on

Positive
Emotion,
Engagement,
Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment? (10
Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the realm of business ethics, the presence of a conflict of interest can profoundly affect the
decision-making process, potentially compromising the integrity and outcomes of business
engagements. Emily, an education consultant, finds herself in a complex ethical dilemma due to
her personal and financial connections with a CEO whose company’s products might benefit the
school district she is advising. This situation not only raises questions about the transparency and
impartiality of her recommendations but also impacts the overall well-being of the school district.
Using the PERMA model, which emphasizes Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships,
Meaning, and Accomplishment, this discussion explores how Emily’s conflict of interest could
3. a. As a senior executive at a multinational tech company, you discover that a key
competitor is on the brink of bankruptcy due to a major security breach. Your boss suggests
exploiting this situation by spreading false information about the competitor’s financial
health to gain a market advantage. If you comply, you are promised a substantial bonus and
job security. How do you navigate this ethical dilemma, considering the trade-offs in
business ethics, and what actions would you take to uphold ethical standards in this
scenario? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the competitive world of business, ethical dilemmas frequently challenge executives to balance
personal gain against moral integrity. When a senior executive at a multinational tech company is
faced with the opportunity to exploit a competitor’s misfortune by disseminating false
information, the ethical implications are profound. This scenario tests the executive’s commitment
to ethical standards amid the temptations of financial incentives and job security.
Concept and Application
Navigating this ethical dilemma requires a careful consideration of business ethics principles,
3b. As a marketing manager for a popular fashion retailer, you are tasked with creating an
advertising campaign for a new clothing line. Your boss suggests exaggerating the
sustainability and ethical sourcing practices of the products, even though some of the
manufacturing processes involve environmentally harmful practices. Additionally, your
boss wants to use deceptive pricing strategies to create a false sense of urgency among
customers. What unfair business practices are evident in this scenario, and how would you
address them to maintain ethical standards in marketing? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In marketing, the integrity of promotional messages is crucial to maintaining consumer trust and
corporate responsibility. When a marketing manager is pressured to embellish the sustainability
credentials of a new clothing line and employ deceptive pricing strategies, significant ethical
concerns arise. This scenario showcases two fundamental unfair business practices: misleading
advertising and price manipulation, which compromise the ethical standards of marketing.
Concept and Application
The primary unfair business practices evident in this scenario are the exaggeration of the
Corporate Finance
June 2024 Examination
Q1. The following information is available of material X purchased by a company for
its manufacturing operations.
a. Annual requirement 60,000 units
b. Purchase price per unit Rs.80
c. Inventory carrying cost per unit per annum Rs.10
d. Cost of placing an order Rs.1000
e. Alternate order sizes (in units)
(i) 60,000 (ii) 30,000 (iii) 15,000 and (iv) 5000
Determine the total of ordering cost and inventory carrying cost for ordering in each
of the lot sizes.
Using EOQ formula determine the EOQ of this item. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Corporate finance often involves the management of a company’s finances, ensuring that
every operational facet is optimized for cost-effectiveness and efficiency. One crucial area
in this realm is inventory management, where the key objective is to minimize the total
costs associated with ordering and holding inventory. The Economic Order Quantity
(EOQ) model is a fundamental tool used in this process. It provides the most cost-effective
quantity of stock to order, considering factors like total demand, order costs, and carrying
costs. In the provided scenario, a company needs to evaluate its inventory management
strategy for material X by calculating the ordering and carrying costs for different order
sizes and determining the optimal order quantity using the EOQ model.
Concept and Application
Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) and Inventory Management
In corporate finance, optimizing the management of inventory is crucial for minimizing
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Q2. From the following information calculate the duration of the operating cycle for
each of the two years
Particulars
2022-2023 (Rs.)
2023-2024 (Rs.)
Stocks of Raw
2,70,000
Materials work-in-
2,00,000
1,20,000 1,50,000 1,75,000
process Finished Goods
2,50,000
Purchase of raw materials on
Credit
15,00,000
18,00,000
Cost of goods sold
18,00,000
19,00,000
Credit Sales
25,00,000
27,00,000
Debtors
5,00,000
6,00,000
Creditors
1,00,000
1,50,000
All figures to be rounded off to the nearest whole number (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The duration of the operating cycle is a vital measure in business finance, illustrating the
total time taken by a company to convert its investments in inventory and other resources
into cash flows from sales. This metric is particularly important as it helps in assessing the
liquidity and efficiency of a company’s operational processes. For the purpose of this
analysis, we will compute the operating cycle for two fiscal years, 2022-2023 and 20232024,

based on the provided financial data. The data includes inventories (stocks of raw
materials, work-in-progress, and finished goods), purchases of raw materials on credit, cost
of goods sold, credit sales, debtors, and creditors. These elements play crucial roles in
determining how efficiently a company manages its inventory and receivables, as well as
Q3a. The earnings per share of a company which is capitalized at 15% is Rs.8. Its
return on investment is 18%. According to Walter’s Model what would be the market
price per share if the company pays a dividend of Rs. 4 per share? According to
Walters what should be optimum dividend payable in this situation and what
wouldbe the market price per share in that situation? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The question provided offers a scenario to explore the impact of dividend policies on a
company’s market price per share using Walter’s Model. This model, created by Professor
James E. Walter, evaluates how dividends affect the company’s value based on its return on
investment (ROI) and cost of equity (ke). By applying this model, we can determine the
optimum dividend policy and its corresponding market price, which is particularly valuable
Q3b.A Company sells its product to its regular customers on 60 days credit. The
Finance Manager has suggested that they should offer to their customers a cash
discount of 2% if payment is made within 10 days. The company finances its working
capital requirement from a bank at 14% interest. Should the advice of theFinance
Manager be accepted? Further, should a customer of the company who finances his
working capital requirement at 12% interest accept the offer? (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Evaluating the Finance Manager’s proposal to offer a 2% cash discount for early payments
involves analyzing the financial implications for both the company and its customers. The
decision revolves around the cost of financing and the benefits derived from improved cash
flow. This analysis will provide insights into whether such a discount is beneficial from a
corporate finance perspective.
Concept and Application
To assess whether the advice of the Finance Manager should be accepted, we need to
Customer Relationship Management
June 2024 Examination
1. Salman wants to implement CRM in his organization. He has hired a consultant.
What do you think will be the consultants pitch on the advantages, disadvantages of
CRM and future of CRM? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In today’s highly competitive business landscape, Customer Relationship Management
(CRM) systems are pivotal tools for enhancing interaction and engagement with customers.
As organizations strive to refine their customer interactions and optimize business
outcomes, the adoption of CRM solutions becomes a strategic imperative. Salman’s
decision to implement a CRM system in his organization underscores a commitment to
leveraging technology to foster closer, more productive customer relationships. A
consultant, in advocating for CRM, would not only highlight the myriad benefits such
systems offer but also navigate through potential pitfalls and envision the evolving role of
CRM technologies. This discourse will delve into the consultant’s pitch on the advantages
and disadvantages of CRM, and critically explore the future trends that may influence its
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2. Companies invest in CRM, owing to the success and benefits it has implementing it.
What do you think do companies benefit because of implementing CRM in the areas
of sales, services, and marketing? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) systems have become pivotal in the strategic
management of company-customer interactions across various business sectors. As markets
grow more competitive, organizations invest significantly in CRM to enhance their
operational efficiencies and foster stronger customer relationships. This technological
integration supports an array of business functions, with particular emphasis on sales,
services, and marketing. By leveraging CRM systems, companies can streamline processes,
personalize customer interactions, and improve customer satisfaction. This paper explores
the multitude of benefits CRM systems offer, particularly in enhancing sales performance,
optimizing service delivery, and refining marketing strategies, thereby driving overall
3. Airtel is about to implement a CRM technology. You are the Chief Information
Officer. How will you:
a. Ensure that your database is correct in all aspect and build a database of your
customers for the future? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
As the Chief Information Officer of Airtel, implementing a CRM technology requires a
robust and accurate customer database as its foundation. Ensuring the integrity and efficacy
of this database is paramount to leverage the full potential of CRM, enhancing customer
relations, and driving business success. This involves meticulous planning, execution, and
maintenance strategies.
Concept and Application
Data Collection and Integration: The first step in building an accurate database is to
b. From where will you source data for this? (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The successful implementation of a CRM system in Airtel hinges significantly on the
sourcing of accurate and comprehensive data. Identifying the right data sources is crucial to
ensure that the database reflects a true and useful picture of our customer base. We will
leverage a variety of internal and external data sources to build a robust foundation for our
Emerging Trends in Accountancy
June 2024 Examination
Q1. Reputable accounting company Pacioli Accounting Services has been offering its clients
expert services for a number of years. Given the rapid pace at which technology is
developing, the company understands how important it is to keep up with new developments
in order to be competitive and satisfy the changing needs of its clientele. Pacioli
Accounting Services is investigating a range of cutting-edge technologies in an effort to
improve its customer value proposition, accuracy, and efficiency. Notwithstanding, the
organization encounters difficulties in assessing and executing these technologies efficiently
given the ever-changing accounting sector.
Discuss the significance of emerging technologies in the context of Pacioli Accounting
Services’ operations and service delivery. Identify and analyze the different emerging
technologies that hold potential for transforming the accounting profession. (10 mark)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the swiftly evolving world of finance and accountancy, staying at the forefront of technological
advancement is no longer a luxury but a necessity for firms aiming to maintain competitiveness
and client satisfaction. Pacioli Accounting Services, a veteran in the field, recognizes this
imperative and is exploring innovative technologies to enhance its services. The integration of
emerging technologies not only promises to augment the accuracy and efficiency of accounting
processes but also reshapes the overall customer value proposition. This essay will delve into the
significance of these technologies within the operational framework of Pacioli Accounting
Services, highlighting how they can fundamentally transform the landscape of the accounting
profession.
Concept and Application
Emerging Technologies in Accounting
The landscape of accounting is undergoing a transformation driven by a wave of emerging
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Q2. Crypto Solutions, a technology consulting company focuses in offering firms in a range
of industries tailored information systems. Crypto Solutions understands how important it
is to create and deploy efficient information systems that are customized to fit the specific
demands and goals of its clients, as more and more businesses turn to technology to improve
efficiency and obtain a competitive edge. The company does, however, have difficulties
choosing the right technology, comprehending customer needs, and making sure that
information systems are deployed and integrated seamlessly inside intricate organizational
contexts.
Examine how important information systems are to Crypto Solutions’ client interactions
and service offerings. Determine and evaluate the essential elements and features of the
information systems that a company designs and implements. (10 mark)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Crypto Solutions, a technology consulting firm, specializes in providing bespoke information
systems to diverse industries. As businesses increasingly lean on technology to bolster their
operational efficiency and secure a competitive advantage, the role of tailored information
systems becomes critical. Crypto Solutions’ core objective is to design and implement systems
that precisely cater to the unique requirements and objectives of its clients. However, this
endeavor presents significant challenges including the selection of appropriate technology,
understanding client needs, and ensuring seamless integration of these systems within complex
organizational structures. Addressing these challenges is vital as the effectiveness of these
information systems directly impacts client satisfaction and the overall success of the services
Q3. Warren Consulting, a reputable accounting firm with a strong reputation for
providing financial consulting services, is constantly looking for new ways to improve the
services it offers and stay competitive in the ever-changing business world. Warren
Consulting is thinking about ways to incorporate Fintech innovations into its accounting
operations in order to provide more value to its clients and remain ahead of the curve.
Warren Consulting recognizes the revolutionary potential of Fintech. The company must,
however, navigate the fintech integration’s complexity and make sure it is seamlessly
adopted within its conventional accounting structure.
a) Analyze the opportunities and obstacles that Warren Consulting must address in
leveraging Fintech innovations. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Warren Consulting, an esteemed financial consulting firm, is exploring the integration of Fintech
innovations into its accounting services to enhance value and maintain competitiveness. The
adoption of Fintech promises transformative benefits but also presents substantial challenges,
particularly in melding these technologies with traditional accounting practices effectively and
seamlessly.
Concept and Application
Opportunities
The integration of Fintech into Warren Consulting’s services offers numerous opportunities to
b) Identify and analyze the different Fintech innovations that have the potential to
transform accounting processes and client services. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Fintech innovations are rapidly transforming the landscape of accounting by introducing
technologies that streamline operations and enhance client services. These innovations not only
improve efficiency but also open new avenues for delivering financial insights and managing data
with unprecedented precision. For accounting firms like Warren Consulting, understanding and
harnessing these technologies is crucial to staying competitive in a digitally evolving marketplace.
Concept and Application
Blockchain Technology
Blockchain stands out as a revolutionary innovation in accounting. Its application ensures the
Entrepreneurship Management
June 2024 Examination
Q.1. JAMES, is an aspiring entrepreneur, who has completed his academic and
professional experience in the Business field. He has an innovative idea for a new startup,
but
lacks
capital
for
the
same.
Hence,
he
approached
to
a
few
angel
investors
for
the

same.

In order to get a proper funding James needs to show that his start-up idea is
viable. State details of what JAMES needs to present in order to get a proper funding.
Give reasons for the same. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
In the realm of entrepreneurship, innovative ideas often emerge from individuals like James
who possess academic and professional expertise in the business field. However, the
translation of these ideas into successful ventures frequently hinges on securing adequate
funding. For James, who finds himself in this common predicament, seeking support from
angel investors becomes imperative. Nonetheless, merely approaching investors is
insufficient; James must meticulously prepare to showcase the viability of his startup idea.
This necessitates a comprehensive presentation that not only highlights the novelty of the
concept but also demonstrates its potential for success in the market. In this discussion, we
delve into the essential components James needs to include in his presentation to secure the
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Q2. The evolution of Entrepreneurship has started from the Marco Polo ear before 18th
century. Since then, there have been immense changes in the entrepreneurial sector as
there are many new trends that have emerged. State whether the above statement is
True or False. Give reasons with suitable examples for your answer. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
The assertion that entrepreneurship traces its roots back to the Marco Polo era before the 18th
century raises intriguing questions about the historical trajectory of entrepreneurial activities.
However, it is essential to critically examine this claim to understand the true origins and
evolution of entrepreneurship. While trade and commerce have existed since ancient times,
the modern concept of entrepreneurship, characterized by innovation, risk-taking, and value
creation, has evolved over centuries. In this introduction, we will explore the validity of the
statement and provide insights into the historical context of entrepreneurship. By delving into
key historical milestones and examining how they have shaped the entrepreneurial landscape,
we can gain a deeper understanding of the evolution of entrepreneurship and its significance
in driving economic progress and societal change. Ultimately, this exploration will enable us
Q3. Apar Institute is an institute that conducts entrepreneurship development
programmes at the outskirts of Delhi. The institute was formed 2 years ago and was
facing difficulties in providing quality training to the prospective entrepreneurs.
There was a slew of problems related to the institute for budding entrepreneurs.
Firstly, the institute was located at a remote location which was arduous for people to
locate. Even if someone located the institute, it was difficult to commute from home to
the institution as it was located far from the city. The institute lacked proper training
infrastructure such as mic, overhead projector, furniture etc.
Even the faculty appointed by institute showed a lackadaisical attitude and did not take
a keen interest in teaching. The method of selecting the candidates was also flawed as
there was no prior aptitude test or scrutiny. Hence, who so ever came to get enrolled for
the programme was given admission. It was assumed that the candidate would already
possess the required aptitude skills.
The course and curriculum did not cover the basic aspects of entrepreneurship
development programme such as educating about institutes providing support, which
financial institutes to approach for funds, performing feasibility studies, etc. The
duration of the programme was very short. The programme lasted for 21 days, which
was very less considering the quantum of time required. Even after completion of the
program, there was no evaluation performed to check how many candidates have
established their own enterprise and how it is being run.
The institute owner decided to change the way the institute is functioning. The owner
emulated a government-run institute in an urban area and incorporated the
required changes. Firstly, the institute decided to appoint more enthusiast and
motivated trainers to impart education. The infrastructure of the institute was
revamped and replaced with quality equipment. The institute even conducted online
classes for candidates who could not commute to the institute. The course and
curriculum were aligned with the fundamentals of the entrepreneurship development
programme. At last, a thorough evaluation was done for each candidate who was
enrolled in the programme. At last, a thorough evaluation was done for each candidate
who was enrolled in the programme to gauge how much the program benefited the
candidate.
Q3A. If you were the Management head of Apar Institute, what changes you need to
incorporate to attract more number of students? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
As the Management Head of Apar Institute, the goal is to identify and implement necessary
changes to attract more students to the entrepreneurship development programs offered by the
institute. Addressing the existing challenges and aligning the institute’s offerings with the
needs and expectations of prospective entrepreneurs is essential to enhance its appeal and
reputation. In this response, we will explore key changes that need to be incorporated to
attract a larger number of students to the institute’s programs.
Concept and application
1.Enhanced Marketing and Outreach Efforts: One of the primary strategies to attract
more students to Apar Institute is to improve its marketing and outreach efforts. This
Q3B. If the Apar Institute had to do a competitor analysis which tool, would you
recommend them and how would they utilize the same. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
In the fiercely competitive landscape of entrepreneurship development programs, conducting
a thorough competitor analysis is crucial for Apar Institute to gain insights into its
competitors’ strengths, weaknesses, strategies, and market positioning. Choosing the right
tool for competitor analysis can significantly impact the effectiveness and depth of the
insights gained. In this response, we will explore a recommended tool for competitor analysis
Financial Institutions & Markets
June 2024 Examination
1. “Banking and financial services have been seen as a significant transformation as a
result of the introduction of digital technologies”. In view to the given statement,
enumerate how UPI, Blockchain and AI are changing the trends in the banking and
financial service industry. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The banking and financial services industry is undergoing a radical transformation driven by
the advent of digital technologies. This shift is not just about automation or increased
efficiency; it’s about fundamentally redefining how financial transactions and services are
conducted globally. Among the most influential technologies shaping this change are the
Unified Payments Interface (UPI), Blockchain, and Artificial Intelligence (AI). These
innovations are revolutionizing the industry by enabling faster, more secure, and customercentric

financial processes. The integration of these technologies has not only enhanced
operational efficiencies but also expanded the scope of financial services, making them more
accessible to a broader audience. This essay will explore the specific impacts of UPI,
Blockchain, and AI on the banking and financial services sector, highlighting the
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2. Elaborate the given statement “It is better to invest money in some other financial
instrument rather than buying life Insurance. ‘’ (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The debate over the optimal deployment of personal finance often centers around comparing
investment in life insurance versus other financial instruments. Traditionally, life insurance
has been considered a cornerstone of financial planning, primarily providing security against
the uncertainties of life. However, with the evolution of diverse investment opportunities
offering potentially higher returns, many now argue that funds might be better allocated
elsewhere. This assertion rests on analyzing the comparative returns, liquidity, risk exposure,
and the financial goals of an individual. Understanding the unique characteristics of life
insurance and contrasting it with other investment options like stocks, bonds, mutual funds,
and real estate can illuminate why one might consider alternatives to investing solely in life
3. Neeta wants to diversify her portfolio and wants to invest in mutual fund. She is
unaware about mutual funds and its significance.
a. Help Neeta to explain details about mutual fund and its significance in investing in
Mutual fund. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Mutual funds present an appealing investment option for individuals like Neeta looking to
diversify their investment portfolios. By pooling money from many investors, mutual funds
allow individuals to invest in a broad range of securities, managed by professional fund
managers. This approach provides an accessible route to a diversified investment portfolio,
which can mitigate risk while potentially enhancing returns.
Concept and Application
A mutual fund is an investment vehicle composed of a pool of funds collected from many
b. Help Neeta to understand the various types of Mutual Funds and structure of Mutual
Funds. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
For investors like Neeta who are considering mutual funds as a part of their investment
strategy, understanding the various types of mutual funds and their structures is crucial. Each
type of mutual fund caters to different investor needs based on risk tolerance, investment
horizon, and financial goals. This knowledge can empower Neeta to make informed decisions
Financial Management
June 2024 Examination
1. Mr. Ratan has two alternative proposals under consideration.
Project
Capital Outlay
Big Basket
30,00,000
Tata max
60,00,000
Both are estimated to provide a cash flow for five years:
Project
Cash Inflows
Big Basket
15,00,000
Tata max
28,00,000
Cost of capital 11%
Show which of the two projects is preferable from the view point of
(i) Net present value method
(ii) Profitability Index (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Financial management involves making strategic decisions that ensure optimal utilization of
financial resources to maximize shareholder value. Two fundamental tools commonly employed
in financial management are the Net Present Value (NPV) method and the Profitability Index
(PI). These tools assist in evaluating the viability and profitability of investment projects by
considering the time value of money. This analysis is crucial, as it helps in determining whether
an investment will yield returns that exceed the cost of capital. Here, we examine two investment
proposals for Mr. Ratan: “Big Basket” with a capital outlay of ₹30,00,000 and “Tata max”
requiring ₹60,00,000. By applying NPV and PI calculations, we aim to discern which project
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2. A company named Renuka Pvt. Ltd raised capital from the market by using below given
sources:
Bank Loan
40,00,000
Equity Share Cap 60,00,000
Total Capital
1,00,00,000
Interest rate on Loan 11%
Beta of Renuka
1.55
Rf
7%
Rm
14.0%
Tax Rate
25%
Compute the overall cost of capital of Renuka Limited (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The overall cost of capital for a company is a crucial metric used to evaluate the efficiency with
which a company utilizes the capital it acquires to generate returns. For Renuka Pvt. Ltd,
understanding this metric is essential as it raises capital through a mix of equity and debt. This
combined cost, known as the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC), provides a
comprehensive picture of the expense the company incurs in financing its operations. WACC is
particularly significant for investment decisions, pricing of financial instruments, and corporate
valuation. It integrates the cost of equity and the cost of debt, adjusting for the tax shield benefits
of debt financing. By calculating the WACC, Renuka Pvt. Ltd can assess how much interest the
company owes for every rupee it finances, guiding strategic financial planning and investment
3a. Kindly suggest the factors which are used to access the working capital requirement of
mid- size restaurant located in tier 2 city on India. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Assessing the working capital requirements of a mid-size restaurant in a Tier 2 city in India
involves a detailed analysis of various financial and operational factors. This analysis ensures that
the restaurant can meet its day-to-day expenses efficiently, support smooth operations, and
maintain a buffer for unforeseen expenditures. Identifying these factors is crucial for the financial
health and sustainability of the business.
Concept and Application
1. Sales Cycle and Seasonality: The working capital needs of a restaurant are closely tied to its
3b. ABC Retailers operates a chain of grocery stores in a Tier 2 city in India. They purchase
goods from suppliers on credit terms of 30 days and sell them to customers on cash terms.
On average, it takes 10 days for the goods to be sold after they are received from the
suppliers. The company takes an additional 5 days to collect payments from customers.
Calculate the operating cycle for ABC Retailers. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The operating cycle is a critical financial metric for ABC Retailers, a grocery store chain
operating in a Tier 2 city in India. This measure reflects the length of time taken from purchasing
inventory to collecting cash from sales. Understanding this cycle helps the company manage its
cash flow efficiently, ensuring they have adequate resources to meet business needs and maintain
operational stability.
Concept and Application
Financial Modeling
June 2024 Examination
1. A project proposal has been received by RKD Ltd. To capture a new market segment
which is expected to generate substantial revenue for the firm. The project requires
machinery to be imported from France and the cost of machinery is $4.8 million. Based
on the assessment of the marketing team of RKD Ltd., it is predicted that additional
revenue generated from the project will be around $2.5 Million per year for the next
five years and after that, the market will cease to exist. To have a conservative
assessment, the proposal suggests using the SLN method of depreciation for the
machinery over its five-year economic life to depreciate the asset to Zero Value. The
cost of goods sold, and other operating expenses related to the project are predicted to
be 25 % of sales. Additionally, the project would require a net working capital of
$350,000 immediately which can be utilized in any other project after the current
project ends. The machinery may be salvaged post-closure of the project for $500,000.
Assuming the corporate tax @ 30% and the required rate of return/hurdle rate for
RKD Ltd to take up the project as 20%, take a call if RKD can proceed with the
project? Provide a holistic view of the project and rationale for accepting or rejecting
the project proposal based on NPV, IRR, PBP, DPBP, and PI criteria. Make and state
any necessary assumptions if required. Create a dynamic model using to evaluate the
above problem. The model should use cell referencing to ensure changing of
assumptions/input items and therefore automatically reflecting changes in the final
decision. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
RKD Ltd. faces a pivotal decision regarding a proposed project to enter a new market
segment expected to yield significant revenues over a limited five-year period. The project
involves the acquisition of machinery from France for $4.8 million, with anticipated
additional annual revenues of $2.5 million. However, this machinery’s value will depreciate
to zero using the straight-line method over its economic life. Furthermore, the project incurs
25% sales-related operational costs and requires an initial investment in net working capital
of $350,000, which is recoverable at the project’s end. A potential salvage value of $500,000
for the machinery post-project adds to the financial considerations. This introduction sets the
stage for a detailed financial analysis using various evaluation metrics such as Net Present
Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Payback Period (PBP), Discounted Payback
Period (DPBP), and Profitability Index (PI), to determine whether RKD Ltd. should proceed
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2. Using information presented below. Create a dynamic model to compute and
compare (provide inferences and interpretation) the various depreciation approaches
and present the final depreciation schedule on a Graph. The graph needs to be linked
with the Input Details and, therefore, dynamic. (10 Marks)
User Input:
Purchase price of Asset
$240,000
Salvage value of Asset
$4,000
Useful life of Asset
10 years
Years Start year of Use of Asset
2024
The different depreciation approaches to be considered for the model:
1. Straight-Line
2. Fixed Declining
3. Double Declining
4. Sum-Of-The-Years-Digits
5. Variable Declining Balance
Ans 2.
Introduction
Depreciation is a crucial financial concept used to allocate the cost of tangible assets over
their useful lives. It represents the wear and tear on an asset, the reduction in value due to
usage and technological advancements. Businesses use various depreciation methods to
match the expense recognition with the revenue generated by the asset, which helps in
achieving a fair representation of financial statements. This analysis explores five common
depreciation methods: Straight-Line, Fixed Declining Balance, Double Declining Balance,
Sum-Of-The-Years-Digits, and Variable Declining Balance. Each method offers a unique
approach to expense distribution over an asset’s operational lifespan. By comparing these
methods using a dynamic model, we can understand their impacts on financial statements and
decision-making processes in business, offering insights into their suitability under different
3.a. Create a Dynamic Loan Amortization Schedule by taking three user inputs.
Loan Amount: 50,00,000
Interest Rate: 9% per annum
Loan Tenure: 20 Years
The dynamic loan amortization schedule should provide a tabular response indicating
Monthly EMI, Interest Component, Principal Component, Loan Outstanding after each
EMI repayment. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
A loan amortization schedule is a detailed table of periodic loan payments, showing the
allocation of each payment into principal and interest. Creating a dynamic amortization
schedule for a specified loan amount, interest rate, and tenure can aid borrowers in
understanding how their loan balance decreases over time. This setup helps in financial
planning and assessing the cost of borrowing.
Concept and Application
The concept of a loan amortization schedule revolves around the calculation of periodic
3b.Link the Dynamic Loan Amortization Schedule to create a Graphical Representation
of Payment Breakup (Principal Paid & Interest Paid) as shown below. Also Present a
Stacked Bar Chart representing Principal and Interest paid. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Visualizing financial data can significantly enhance understanding and decision-making. A
graphical representation of a loan amortization schedule, particularly through a stacked bar
chart, offers a clear and immediate understanding of how each payment is divided between
principal and interest over the loan’s duration. This visualization aids borrowers in grasping
the financial dynamics of their loan repayment process, helping them manage their finances
Financial Statement Analysis
June 2024 Examination
1. In a bustling corporate headquarters, Sarah, a financial analyst, faces a critical task:
assessing the financial health of her company. With quarterly reports due, she delves
into horizontal and vertical analysis to gain deeper insights. As Sarah compares
successive financial statements, she employs horizontal analysis to track trends over
time. This reveals patterns in revenue growth, expense management, and profit
margins, helping her identify areas of strength or concern. Meanwhile, vertical analysis
allows Sarah to dissect financial statements by expressing line items as proportions of a
base figure, typically total revenue or assets. This helps her evaluate the relative
significance of each component within the company’s operations. Ultimately, armed
with the insights from horizontal and vertical analysis, Sarah crafts a comprehensive
report for stakeholders, empowering them to make informed decisions about
investments, strategic direction, and resource allocation. Explain how in this dynamic
world of finance, these two analytical tools prove indispensable. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
In today’s fast-paced corporate environment, financial analysts like Sarah are indispensable
for navigating the complexities of economic trends and organizational performance. As
companies contend with volatile markets and competitive pressures, the ability to accurately
assess financial health becomes crucial. Financial statement analysis, particularly through
horizontal and vertical analysis, serves as a cornerstone in this evaluation process. These tools
enable analysts to uncover vital trends and ratios from financial statements, translating
complex data into actionable insights. This not only enhances the decision-making process
for current operations but also assists in strategizing future business moves. Through a
detailed exploration of these analytical techniques, we can appreciate their role in maintaining
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2. As the annual general meeting approaches, Lisa, the company secretary of a
thriving tech firm, finds herself immersed in preparing the directors’ report. With the
Companies Accounts Rules 2014 guiding her, she meticulously crafts a comprehensive
overview of the company’s performance and prospects. In essence, the directors’ report
serves as a comprehensive narrative of the company’s performance, governance
practices, and commitment to sustainable growth, providing shareholders and
stakeholders with valuable insights into the company’s operations and prospects. Can
you help Lisa identify the content of directors’ report as per the Rule 8 of the
Companies (Accounts) Rule, 2014? (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the corporate governance framework, the directors’ report is an essential document that
offers stakeholders a detailed insight into a company’s operational, financial, and strategic
performance over the fiscal year. Governed by Rule 8 of the Companies (Accounts) Rules,
2014, this report must comply with specific statutory requirements to ensure transparency,
accountability, and informative communication to shareholders. For Lisa, the company
secretary of a thriving tech firm, preparing the directors’ report as the annual general meeting
(AGM) approaches is a task of paramount importance. The report not only reflects the
company’s past achievements and future prospects but also aligns with regulatory mandates,
reinforcing the company’s commitment to ethical governance and sustainable growth.
Understanding the components stipulated by Rule 8 is crucial for crafting a report that is both
3. The two primary objectives of every business are profitability and solvency. Profits
are often used as the basis for judging the performance of a business. However, there
are other aspects too. Furthermore, owing to the summarized nature of financial
statements, a lot of truths are hidden in them. Thus, they need to be analyzed and
interpreted by means of financial ratios to enable the users understand the meaning of
the absolute amounts shown in them, and make informed business decisions. Style Ltd.
and Diva Ltd. are two manufacturing companies operating in the same industry with
similar strategies. Both the companies are well-established with a long heritage of
success. The following is an extract from the financial statements of Style Ltd. and Diva
Ltd. for the year ending March 31, 2023
(₹ in million)
Particulars
Style
Diva
Net Sales
Ltd.
Ltd.
300
280
Other Income
20
10
Gross Profit
152
140
Operating Profit/EBITDA/EBIT
67
60
Interest Expense
14
13
Net Profit
27
24
Cash
19
11
Accounts receivable
32
20
Loans given to other companies
43
34
Other current assets
17
26
Inventory
121
99
Other non-current assets
4
1
Net Fixed Assets
94
79
Total Assets
330
270
Accounts Payable
32
21
Current maturities of long-term
26
21
borrowings
Short-term borrowings
9
8
Interest accrued but not due
3
2
Short-term Provisions
35
28
Long-term borrowings
90
80
Paid-up Share Capital
37
37
Retained Earnings
98
73
You are required to compute the following ratios for both the companies and
comment:
a. Leverage- Debt to Equity and Interest Coverage Ratio
(5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Analyzing the financial health of a business requires more than just a glance at its profits
and losses. Financial ratios provide a deeper insight into a company’s operational
efficiency, financial stability, and overall performance. Specifically, leverage ratios like
Debt to Equity and Interest Coverage Ratio are critical in assessing the financial structure
and risk level of a company. For Style Ltd. and Diva Ltd., these ratios will highlight their
b. Profitability- Gross Profit Margin and Return on Equity (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Profitability ratios such as Gross Profit Margin and Return on Equity (ROE) provide
critical insights into a company’s efficiency at generating profits and managing its
resources to provide returns to shareholders. By examining these ratios for Style Ltd. and
Diva Ltd., we can evaluate their ability to convert sales into profits and their effectiveness
in using equity to generate earnings, respectively. These indicators are vital for assessing
Integrated Marketing Communications
June 2024 Examination
1) Why did Nokia lose its market share? What were the reasons for the failure and what
were the consequences? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
Nokia, once hailed as a titan in the mobile phone industry, experienced a dramatic decline in
market share that reverberated throughout the telecommunications landscape. From
commanding a dominant position with its iconic brick phones to struggling in the era of
smartphones, Nokia’s journey is a compelling narrative of rise and fall in the fast-paced world
of technology. This examination aims to delve into the core reasons behind Nokia’s loss of
market share, shedding light on the multifaceted factors that contributed to its downfall.
Understanding these factors not only offers valuable insights into Nokia’s strategic missteps
but also provides a broader understanding of the challenges faced by companies navigating
disruptive industry shifts. From failing to innovate and adapt to changing consumer
preferences to grappling with intense competition and strategic errors, Nokia’s story
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2) You are supposed create an ad for a jeweler brand Kalyan Jewelers using a powerful
punch line and creating an ad? What is that line that you are thinking of which they can
use in their TV and print/digital ads? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
In the world of advertising, crafting a compelling punchline is akin to creating a
masterpiece—a few carefully chosen words that encapsulate the essence of a brand, leaving a
lasting impact on the audience. The task at hand is to create an advertisement for Kalyan
Jewelers, a renowned jeweler brand, that not only captivates attention but also resonates with
the brand’s values and ethos. The power of a punchline lies in its ability to evoke emotions,
spark curiosity, and forge a connection with the audience. As we delve into the intricacies of
this task, we’ll explore the essence of Kalyan Jewelers and unearth a punchline that has the
potential to elevate the brand’s presence in both TV and print/digital ads.
Concept and application
To create an effective advertisement for Kalyan Jewelers, it’s crucial to understand the brand’s
3) Case Study
Honda relaunches Amaze with a tuck and a tweak
Over the years, Honda has burnished a reputation for itself that sits on three core
pillars. Its cars are reliable, exciting to drive and will not burn a hole in the pocket when
it comes to repairs and maintenance.
In the subcontinent where Honda’s ride over the last two decades has been a mixed bag
of hits and misses, the Japanese company that’s famed for its prowess in engineering has
managed to get at least two things right every time. Its most recent launch, the Amaze –
a compact sedan that is priced competitively and is perfect for busy cities-looks like it
has been modified since its last launch in 2018.
With a few tweaks, the Amaze looks like a brand-new car, something Honda is adept at
achieving. The front is stronger, more square-jawed and bears a strong resemblance to
its elder sibling-the Honda City. This is a good thing given that it’s cost at the entry level
is almost half of the city. The rear, too, has been carved into a more sculpted and
definite shape, giving the Amaze a truly sedan-like identity of its own, a departure from
the old Amaze that looked too much of a cross between a hatchback and a sedan. Inside,
the Amaze feels larger than it is owing to its features and gadgetry. An infotainment
screen, steering-mounted controls, well-designed air vents, storage, and compartments
for cups and water bottles are all thoughtfully in place. The car’s dashboard is
reminiscent of the Old City or even the Civic.
However, Honda ought to be focusing on one area to improve-the gearshift. A manual
stick shift placed in a faux-leather-like bag is outdated and could do with a modern
replacement for at least two reasons; that it feels light and toy-like; and that it does not
age well and its numbers get scratched off easily with time. In addition, the feeling of
being locked into gear is not substantial.
The seating, both front and rear, is comfortable, thanks to ample legroom and highquality
materials.
Honda
could, however, throw
in
air-con vents at
the
back,
too.
The car is powered by Honda’s 1.2L i-VTEC petrol engine and 1.5L i-DTEC diesel
engine, available in manual and CVT versions for both fuel options.
It is key to note that the Amaze is Honda’s strategic entry model, specially developed for
the Indian consumer. Honda claims to have achieved 95 per cent localization for the
Amaze in terms of local parts and components, which goes to say that the cost
of ownership is likely to be more affordable as compared to its foreign competitors.
That’s also a reason why close to half a million cars have sold since it was first
introduced in 2013.
Questions
a) How has Honda done the makeover of its car Amaze and what are the changes you
expect as a customer to be made in the car. How is it priced and what do you think of
the strategy? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
Honda’s relaunch of the Amaze has sparked intrigue and anticipation among automotive
enthusiasts, promising a refreshed take on the compact sedan. With a reputation built on
reliability, driving excitement, and affordability, Honda aims to redefine the Amaze with a
blend of style, functionality, and cost-effectiveness. Let’s delve into the makeover of the
Amaze, exploring the changes made and the expectations customers may have regarding
b) What are the features in the car and what do you think that Honda should add in
this car to make it more marketable and how should they make an advertisement for
the same to be put in the television and digital platform? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
The Honda Amaze boasts several features that cater to the needs and preferences of
consumers in the compact sedan segment. However, to further enhance its marketability,
Honda may consider incorporating additional features that align with evolving consumer
demands. Crafting an advertisement for the Amaze to be showcased on television and digital
platforms presents an opportunity to highlight these features and position the car as a
International Marketing
June 2024 Examination
1. Your Company is planning to enter into international business through exports. Based
on this assumption, suggest the distribution strategy (You can select any product
category of your own choice) (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
Expanding into international markets through exports presents both exciting opportunities and
significant challenges for companies seeking to grow their business globally. As businesses
contemplate this strategic move, the distribution strategy emerges as a critical component in
determining market entry success. This essay aims to explore the pivotal role of distribution
strategy in international expansion through exports, focusing on the intricate balance between
market dynamics, product characteristics, competitive landscape, logistical considerations, and
channel management.
In today’s interconnected world, where borders are increasingly permeable and consumer
preferences transcend geographical boundaries, exporting offers companies access to a vast
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2. Suggest a suitable International promotional strategy for a newly introduced product
in consumer durable market. (You may decide the brand while answering the question)
(10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
Launching a new product in the consumer durable market demands strategic promotional
planning to effectively penetrate international markets. In this context, TechEase, a fictitious
brand, is introducing a groundbreaking smart home device designed to enhance convenience
and connectivity for modern households. To ensure the success of this venture, it’s imperative
to devise a comprehensive international promotional strategy tailored to diverse consumer
segments and cultural landscapes. This essay explores various promotional tactics that
TechEase can employ to maximize visibility, engagement, and sales of its innovative product
on a global scale. By understanding market dynamics, consumer behavior, and competitive
positioning, TechEase can craft promotional campaigns that resonate with target audiences
3 Read the case & answer the questions based on the case:
XYZ Corporation, a leading manufacturer of electronic gadgets based in the United
States, is considering expanding its operations into the European market. After
conducting extensive market research, the company has identified France as a lucrative
market due to its growing demand for high-tech consumer electronics. However, XYZ
Corporation’s management team is faced with the decision of selecting the most suitable
mode of entry into the French market.
Questions:
a. Discuss the strategic implications of licensing or franchising as potential modes of
entry for XYZ Corporation. How would these approaches impact the company’s control
over its products and brand image? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
Expanding operations into the European market presents XYZ Corporation with the
opportunity to capitalize on the growing demand for high-tech consumer electronics in France.
However, the choice of entry mode carries significant strategic implications for the company’s
control over its products and brand image. In this context, licensing and franchising emerge as
potential modes of entry, each with distinct advantages and considerations.
Concept and application
Licensing:
Licensing involves granting permission to a foreign entity (licensee) to use XYZ Corporation’s
b. Considering the nature of XYZ Corporation’s products & its desire to maintain a high
level of control over its operations, would setting up wholly-owned subsidiaries be a
suitable mode of entry into the French market? Justify your answer. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
As XYZ Corporation, a leading manufacturer of electronic gadgets, contemplates expansion
into the French market, the choice of entry mode is critical. Given the company’s emphasis on
maintaining control over its operations and products, the possibility of establishing whollyowned
subsidiaries
warrants
examination.
This
essay
delves
into
the
strategic
implications
of

setting up
wholly-owned
subsidiaries as a
mode of entry for XYZ Corporation
into the French
Investment Analysis and Portfolio Management
June 2024 Examination
1. When it comes to investment, mutual fund plays a very important role. The money
collected in mutual fund scheme is invested by professional fund managers in stocks and
bonds etc. It is an indirect investment in stock market. MF have different players who
play a different role explain it in your own words. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
Mutual funds stand as a cornerstone in the realm of investments, providing individuals with a
vehicle to indirectly participate in diverse financial markets such as stocks and bonds.
Managed by professional fund managers, these pooled investments offer investors
opportunities for diversification and access to expertly managed portfolios. Within the mutual
fund landscape, various stakeholders fulfill crucial roles, each contributing to the overall
efficiency and integrity of the industry. Understanding the functions and interactions of these
players is paramount for investors seeking to navigate the complexities of mutual fund
investments and construct portfolios aligned with their financial goals and risk appetites. In
this discussion, we will delve into the roles played by different actors within the mutual fund
ecosystem, shedding light on their contributions and interactions, ultimately providing a
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2. Arbitrage is a process in which investors simultaneously buy & sell of an asset. While
getting into an arbitrage trade, the quantity of the underlying asset bought and sold
should be the same. He makes profit without any risk. Explain how Arbitrage Pricing
Theory works. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) is a significant financial model used to estimate the expected
return of an asset. It operates on the premise that in an efficient market, any deviations from
the expected return should be quickly eliminated by investors seeking arbitrage opportunities.
Unlike the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), which relies solely on the relationship
between an asset’s return and the market return, APT considers multiple factors that influence
asset prices.
APT assumes that investors are rational and risk-averse, seeking to maximize their returns
while minimizing risk. It suggests that assets’ expected returns are determined by various
3a. Suppose there is an investment in two securities stocks & bonds. Expected return
from bond is 8% & from stocks is 10%. Investment is divided in the proportion of 70%
in stock & 30% in bond. Calculate total expected return or portfolio return. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
Portfolio management involves the allocation of investments across different assets to
optimize returns while managing risk. In this scenario, we have an investment portfolio
consisting of two securities: stocks and bonds. Understanding how to calculate the total
expected return of the portfolio is crucial for effective portfolio management.
Concept and application
To calculate the total expected return of the portfolio, we use a weighted average approach
3b. Risk premium is a kind of compensation for investors who bears the extra risk
compared to that of risk free asset in a given investment. If expected return on a
security is 20% risk free rate of return is 8% calculate risk premium. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Understanding the concept of risk premium is crucial in finance as it helps investors evaluate
the additional return they expect to receive for taking on additional risk compared to a riskfree

investment. In this scenario, we have a security with an expected return of 20% and a
risk-free rate of return of 8%. Calculating the risk premium provides insight into the
Operations and Supply Chain Management
June 2024 Examination
Q.1 Discuss the significance of inventory in supply chain management along with the
key elements of inventory management, including inventory control systems such as
economic order quantity models, quantity discounts, reorder points, and order quantity
for periodic inventory systems. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
Inventory management plays a pivotal role in the efficiency and effectiveness of supply chain
management. It involves overseeing the flow of goods from manufacturers to warehouses and
finally to retailers or consumers. The significance of inventory management lies in its ability
to balance supply and demand while minimizing costs and maximizing customer satisfaction.
In this essay, we will delve into the importance of inventory in supply chain management and
explore key elements such as economic order quantity models, quantity discounts, reorder
points, and order quantity for periodic inventory systems.
Concept and application
1. Significance of Inventory in Supply Chain Management:
Inventory serves as a buffer between supply and demand in the supply chain. It ensures that
products are available when customers demand them, thus preventing stockouts and potential
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Q.2 Describe strategic significance of forecasting in supply chain management,
analyzing the components of forecasting demand and various forecasting methods such
as moving average, exponential smoothing, regression methods, and data mining.
Discuss the application of time series forecasting using Excel and the importance of
forecast accuracy in supply chain decision-making. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
Forecasting plays a pivotal role in supply chain management as it facilitates decision-making
processes by providing insights into future demand, enabling organizations to plan
production, procurement, inventory management, and distribution effectively. The strategic
significance of forecasting lies in its ability to minimize risks, optimize resources, enhance
customer satisfaction, and improve overall operational efficiency within the supply chain.
In this answer, we will delve into the components of forecasting demand, explore various
forecasting methods such as moving average, exponential smoothing, regression methods,
and data mining, and discuss the application of time series forecasting using Excel.
Q.3a Explain the importance of effective facility layout and location planning in
optimizing operational efficiency and discuss their significance in enhancing
organizational performance and competitiveness. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
Effective facility layout and location planning are crucial elements in optimizing operational
efficiency within an organization. They play a significant role in enhancing organizational
performance and competitiveness by ensuring resources are utilized efficiently and operations
are streamlined.
Concept and application
Facility Layout:
Facility layout refers to the arrangement of machines, equipment, workstations, and other
Q3b Give a short note on Procurement, E-Procurement, Distribution, Transportation,
and their role in shaping the Global Supply Chain. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Procurement, e-procurement, distribution, and transportation are integral components of the
global supply chain, each playing a vital role in ensuring the efficient movement of goods and
services from suppliers to customers. Understanding their functions and significance is
essential for optimizing supply chain operations and enhancing competitiveness in the global
marketplace.
Concept and application
Procurement: Procurement involves the process of acquiring goods and services from
Portfolio Management
June 2024 Examination

Q1. Mr Aditya is planning to invest in stock. Stock A’s maximum value is 500 & minimum
value is 300. Stock B’s maximum value is 700 & minimum value is 400. Suggest Mr. Aditya
which stock is more risky. (10 mark)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
In the realm of portfolio management, understanding the concept of risk is paramount as it
directly influences investment decisions. Risk, in financial terms, refers to the variability of
returns on an investment and is often associated with the uncertainty of achieving expected
returns. Assessing the risk of different investment options enables investors to make informed
choices aligned with their risk tolerance and financial goals. In this scenario, Mr. Aditya is
considering investing in two stocks, Stock A and Stock B, each characterized by its maximum and
minimum values. The determination of which stock carries more risk necessitates a
comprehensive analysis considering various risk metrics and factors.
Concept and application
Risk Assessment Methods:
1. Standard Deviation: Standard deviation is a statistical measure of the dispersion or
variability of a set of values. In the context of investments, it quantifies the extent of
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Q2. When the securities are issued first time by the issuing firm, it is executed in the
primary market. It is a systematic process and involves many parties. Elaborate the parties
in your own words. (10 mark)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
The primary market serves as the foundational arena where securities are issued for the first time
by the issuing firm, allowing companies to raise capital directly from investors. This market plays
a crucial role in the financial system, facilitating the transfer of funds from investors to the issuing
company. The process of issuing securities in the primary market is systematic and involves the
participation of various parties, each with distinct roles and responsibilities. Understanding the
dynamics of the primary market and the roles of its key players is essential for investors, issuers,
and other stakeholders to navigate this market successfully. Therefore, in this discussion, we will
explore the parties involved in the primary market and elucidate their contributions to the issuance
3a. Investment is a need for all individuals & firms. It is depending on investor’s
requirement. Every investor has different aim of investment. Every one need to protect their
future by saving from current income and these savings are used for investment. From
investor point of view what will be your purpose of investment. (5 mark)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
Investment serves as a crucial aspect for both individuals and firms, catering to diverse needs and
objectives. As investors, individuals and organizations allocate their savings towards various
investment avenues based on their specific requirements and goals. Understanding the purpose of
investment from the investor’s perspective is essential in devising suitable strategies to meet their
financial aspirations and secure their future.
Concept and application
Investors pursue investment with a myriad of objectives tailored to their financial circumstances
b) Mr A purchase 100 shares of XYZ co. at Rs.10 each. During the year company declare a
dividend 5 per share. At the end of year Mr. A sale the shares at Rs. 20 per share. Calculate
total return at the end of the year. (5 mark)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Investors often assess the performance of their investments based on the total return, which
includes both capital gains and income generated. Understanding how to calculate total return
provides valuable insights into the profitability of an investment over a specific period. In this
scenario, Mr. A purchases shares of XYZ Co., receives dividends during the year, and eventually
sells the shares at a different price. Calculating the total return enables Mr. A to evaluate the
Project Management
June 2024 Examination
1. Radhika Sharma owns a business specializing in handcrafted Indian fragrance
candles. Her candles are made using a unique blend of aromatic ingredients sourced
from various regions of India, including Sandalwood, Jasmine, Rose, Lavender,
Patchouli, Vetiver, Cedarwood, and Nag Champa. As of September 10th, 2024, all
ingredients are available in her inventory except for Vetiver and Nag Champa, which
are on backorder. These two ingredients are expected to take 3 more days to arrive at
inventory. Radhika placed an order for all the ingredients a week ago to fulfill an
upcoming consignment of 500 candles.
Currently, Radhika’s team members, Ananya and Priya, are hand-pouring the candle
wax into molds, a process that takes approximately 2 days. Meanwhile, Aarav and
Rohan are preparing the fragrance blends using available ingredients, they will
complete this in 1 day time. Aradhya is in charge of setting up the packaging station,
this plan of hers is expected to be finalized by the end of day. while Divya and Ishan
have ordered custom packaging materials, which are expected to arrive in 3 to 4 days.
Once the packaging materials arrive, they will commence the packaging process.
Task/Activity Order:
• Order all ingredients.
• Store ingredients in inventory.
• Hand-pour candle wax into molds.
• Prepare fragrance blends.
• Set up packaging station.
• Order custom packaging materials.
• Package candles.
• Prepare for dispatch.
You can visualize this information on a task board for today (12th September 2024),
organizing tasks in a linear order and tracking their progress as they move through
different stages. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the realm of small businesses, efficient project management is crucial for success,
especially for companies like Radhika Sharma’s, which specializes in handcrafted Indian
fragrance candles. This case study explores the intricacies of managing a business where
production involves multiple, time-sensitive steps, from sourcing raw materials to the final
dispatch of the product. With the unique challenges presented by supply chain dependencies
and team coordination, the focus here is on tracking the progress of tasks on a specific day—
September 12th, 2024. As Radhika’s team juggles various stages of production, including
ingredient procurement, candle formation, and packaging, the efficacy of their project
management techniques becomes evident. This scenario serves as a microcosm of broader
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2. You are tasked with organizing an Excel workshop scheduled for 2 days at your
college NMIMS premises aimed at final year MBA students. The workshop, priced at
2000 INR for the entire duration, requires meticulous planning and execution to ensure
its success. As the student organizer, you have enlisted a team of 7 individuals from the
3rd year of the BBA program to assist in various aspects of workshop management.
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS): Level 0: Excel Workshop Organization
• Preparation Phase
Define Workshop Objectives and Agenda Allocate Responsibilities to Team Members
Establish Budget and Financial Planning
• Marketing and Promotion
Design Workshop Brochure
Promote Workshop Among MBA Students
Utilize Social Media Platforms for Promotion
• Logistics Arrangements
Book College Premises for Workshop
Coordinate with Administrative Office for Permissions
Ensure Availability of Computer Lab with Internet Access
• Faculty and Administrative Liaison
Liaise with 2 Faculty Members for Workshop Content Coordinate with Administrative
Office for Workshop Logistics Confirm Availability of Required Classroom Amenities
• Registration Management
Develop Online Registration Portal Monitor Participant Registrations Handle Payment
Processing
• Meal Coordination
Coordinate with Ground Floor Dining Hall for Meals
Ensure Provision of Breakfast, Lunch, and High-Tea
• Workshop Materials and Equipment
Prepare Workshop Kits or Takeaways
Coordinate with IT Team for Computer Lab Setup
Arrange Required Classroom Equipment
• Workshop Execution
Ensure Smooth Flow of Workshop Sessions
Handle Participant Queries and Concerns
Facilitate Interaction Between Participants and Instructors
Post-Workshop Activities
• Gather Feedback from Participants
Assess Workshop Effectiveness
Document Lessons Learned for Future Workshops
Assigned Team Members:
Akshay
Divya
Aarav
Ishika
Arjun
Ananya
Rahul
Your task is to oversee the organization of the Excel workshop by ensuring each task is
efficiently managed and executed by the assigned team members according to the
provided Work Breakdown Structure.
Note: You as a leader are free to assign tasks to team members. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Organizing a two-day Excel workshop at NMIMS for final-year MBA students is an
ambitious endeavor that necessitates careful planning and coordination. As the student
organizer, my primary responsibility is to ensure that each aspect of the workshop—from its
conception to execution—is meticulously managed. To achieve this, I have enlisted a
dedicated team of seven third-year BBA students, each bringing unique skills and enthusiasm
to the project. The workshop, priced at 2000 INR, aims not only to enhance the participants’
Excel skills but also to foster networking and collaborative learning among peers. This
structured event will follow a detailed Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) to streamline
processes such as preparation, marketing, logistics, faculty coordination, registration
3. Mahesh Enterprises is planning to establish a new grocery store in a busy
neighborhood in Mumbai, India. The store will offer a wide range of products including
fruits, vegetables, grains, spices, dairy, and household essentials. Before the store can
open its doors to customers, several tasks need to be completed:
a. Draw Activity on Arrow, write project completion time in the conclusion. (Draw the
diagram using MS word only) (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Mahesh Enterprises is embarking on the exciting project of opening a new grocery store in a
bustling neighborhood of Mumbai. This venture will require meticulous planning and
organization to ensure that all necessary steps are efficiently executed before the store’s grand
opening. Key to this planning is developing a clear visual project management tool such as an
Activity on Arrow (AoA) network diagram, which will map out the critical tasks and their
b. Draw Activity on Node, write project completion time in the conclusion. (Draw the
diagram using MS word only) (5 Marks)
Duration
(weeks)
Conduct market
Immediate Activity
Description
Predecessor
A
research and identify
potential locations for
the store.
–
6
Develop the initial
layout and design of the
store, considering space
optimization
and
product display.
B
–
Obtain approval from
the local municipal
corporation
8
for
C
establishing the store.
A, B
Select an architect or
12
D
interior designer to
finalize the store layout
and interior design.
C
4
Establish a budget for
purchasing inventory,
setting
up
infrastructure,
and
E
C
6
hiring staff.
F
Finalize the store layout
and interior design with
the selected architect or
interior designer.
D, E
15
Secure financing
G
from a bank or financial
institution for the store
setup.
E
12
Recruit and hire staff
for
various
roles
including
store
managers,
sales
executives, and support
staff.
H
F, G
8
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Mahesh Enterprises is poised to open a new grocery store in Mumbai, necessitating a wellcoordinated

series of pre-launch activities. To streamline these tasks, an Activity on Node
(AoN) diagram proves invaluable, providing a visual representation of all project activities,
their sequential relationships, and duration. This approach is pivotal in identifying the critical
path and ensuring efficient project management, culminating in the successful launch of the
Research Methodology
June 2024 Examination
1. ABC Electronics plans to launch a new line of smartphones with innovative features
and wants to gauge consumer perception and preferences through focus group
discussions. The company intends to collect insights into consumers’ perceptions of the
proposed smartphones’ usability, design, and features. Participants will be shown
prototypes and demonstration videos to facilitate discussion and feedback. ABC
Electronics aims to leverage the qualitative feedback from focus group discussions to
refine the product design and marketing strategy before the official launch. Outline the
steps involved in conducting a focus group discussion for ABC Electronics and discuss
the advantages and disadvantages of this method for collecting consumer feedback.
(10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Focus group discussions are a qualitative research method widely used to gather detailed
information on consumer attitudes, behaviors, and perceptions. In the context of ABC
Electronics’ launch of a new line of smartphones, employing focus group discussions
provides an invaluable opportunity to tap into the target market’s mindset and refine product
offerings according to consumer feedback. This method involves engaging a small group of
potential users in an interactive setting, allowing for a deep dive into their thoughts and
feelings about the product’s usability, design, and features. By employing this approach, ABC
Electronics can gain nuanced insights that are often not accessible through quantitative
methods like surveys. The focus group setting encourages participants to discuss and react to
each other’s viewpoints, unveiling collective and individual attitudes that might otherwise
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2. ABC Corporation, a leading entertainment company, will survey for feedback on its
new streaming service offerings. The survey aims to understand consumers’ perceptions
and preferences regarding streaming platforms and content. ABC Corporation intends
to use the insights gathered to enhance its streaming service offerings and improve
customer satisfaction. Outline the steps in designing an effective questionnaire for ABC
Corporation’s streaming service survey. Additionally, discuss the different types of
questions that can be used in the questionnaire to gather comprehensive feedback from
participants. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In an era dominated by digital content consumption, ABC Corporation’s initiative to launch a
survey for its new streaming service is a strategic move to tap directly into consumer
preferences and perceptions. Surveys are essential tools in market research, offering
quantitative insights that can shape business decisions and enhance user engagement. For
ABC Corporation, designing an effective questionnaire is crucial to ensure the collection of
relevant, actionable data that reflects the true sentiments of its audience. This questionnaire
must be meticulously crafted to address various aspects of the streaming service, including
content quality, platform usability, and overall satisfaction. By integrating diverse question
3. XYZ Cosmetics, a leading skincare and makeup brand, has achieved global
recognition and market leadership across multiple product categories. With a legacy of
over a century, XYZ Cosmetics has pioneered groundbreaking skincare formulations
and consistently delivered superior products to consumers worldwide. Leveraging its
strong brand image and extensive market research, XYZ Cosmetics has become
synonymous with excellence and innovation in the beauty industry.
a. Describe the distinction between primary and secondary methods of collecting data.
Recommend which data gathering techniques XYZ Cosmetics should employ to
enhance its understanding of customer preferences. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the competitive beauty industry, understanding consumer preferences is essential for
maintaining a market leadership position. XYZ Cosmetics, with its rich history and strong
market presence, must effectively utilize both primary and secondary data collection methods
to stay ahead. These methods are complementary, offering different insights that are crucial
for strategic decision-making and product innovation.
Concept and Application
Distinction Between Primary and Secondary Data Collection Methods
Primary Data Collection involves gathering new data directly from sources. This method
b. What factors influence the choice of data collection methods? (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Choosing the right data collection method is crucial for any research project as it directly
impacts the quality and applicability of the information gathered. Several factors influence
this choice, each playing a pivotal role in determining the most effective and efficient method
to meet the research objectives. Understanding these factors is essential for businesses like
XYZ Cosmetics, aiming to refine their market strategies and deepen their customer insights.
Concept and Application
1. Research Objectives:
Rural Marketing
June 2024 Examination
Q1. Please help the marketing manager of a leading cosmetic company to launch a new
product in the rural markets for skin care, what steps are needed for the launch of the
product. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
Launching a skincare product in rural markets requires a strategic approach that
acknowledges the unique characteristics and challenges of these areas. With the burgeoning
potential of rural markets and the growing awareness of skincare among rural consumers,
tapping into this segment presents an opportunity for significant growth for cosmetic
companies. However, the diversity in socio-economic backgrounds, cultural nuances, and
accessibility constraints necessitates a tailored strategy to ensure a successful product launch.
This introduction will outline key considerations and strategies essential for penetrating rural
markets with a new skincare product. From market research and product localization to
distribution network optimization and targeted communication, each aspect plays a crucial
role in navigating the complexities of rural markets and establishing a strong presence in
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Q2. Pricing is a sensitive issue in Rural Markets, how does a company plan their pricing
policy keeping the market share and profitability aspects in mind. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
Pricing strategy is a pivotal aspect of marketing that holds particular significance in rural
markets. Rural areas present a unique set of challenges and opportunities for companies
aiming to penetrate these markets effectively. With lower income levels, limited access to
infrastructure, and distinct consumer behaviors shaped by cultural and economic factors,
pricing decisions become inherently complex. This introductory essay aims to explore the
intricacies of pricing in rural markets, shedding light on how companies navigate this terrain
to strike a balance between gaining market share and ensuring profitability. Understanding
the dynamics of rural markets, including consumer preferences, competitor strategies, and
regulatory frameworks, is essential for formulating effective pricing policies. By delving into
these nuances and leveraging innovative pricing strategies tailored to the specific needs of
Q3. Case Study
India Fertilizers
India Fertilizers was a leading company based in north India with two plants
producing fertilizers and other agro inputs in state of Rajasthan and UP ,the company
had a strong brand equity and is known for delivering quality products in the market.
As a part of their marketing and distribution strategy they have around 500 retail shops
in the states of Punjab ,Haryana Rajasthan and UP the shops are located in almost the
major towns of the above states and cater to the local population by selling multi brand
agro inputs.
The company as a part of the CSR program have installed soil testing facilities in almost
most of the shops where farmers can test the soil and the company advises them on the
nutrients required for enhancing the fertility.
The shops are open seven days a week with no holidays and have long working hours
from 8 am to 8 pm.
Mr Sharma the marketing manager was observing that the sales of around 300 shops
was less than Rs 10 lacs per year and for 100 shops 12 lacs per year and the balance Rs
15 lacs per year.
The 300 shops having sales of 10 lacs per annum was a loss making and 12 lacs was
break even and Rs 15 lacs had some minimum profits.
Mr Sharma wanted to increase the sales and profits of the 400 units as the management
had advised him to close the shops if they do not increase sales and profits.
a. What actions Mr Sharma will take in increasing market share, sales and profits for
India Fertilizers from the loss-making retail shops? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
In the competitive landscape of agro inputs, India Fertilizers stands as a prominent player
renowned for its quality products and extensive retail network across Punjab, Haryana,
Rajasthan, and UP. However, the observation by Mr. Sharma, the marketing manager, reveals
a concerning trend of low sales in a significant portion of the retail shops, jeopardizing
profitability. This case study delves into the strategic actions Mr. Sharma can undertake to
revitalize the sales and profitability of the underperforming retail units, aligning with the
b. What in your view are the reasons of the loss-making units? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
The observation of loss-making units within India Fertilizers’ retail network raises concerns
about the underlying reasons behind their underperformance. This analysis aims to delve into
the factors contributing to the financial losses incurred by these units, shedding light on
potential issues affecting their profitability.
Concept and application
1. Market Saturation and Competition: One possible reason for the loss-making units
Strategic Brand Management
June 2024 Examination
1. Reliance Industries, HDFC, WIPRO, Mahindra and Lakme are famous Indian brands
doing well and going strong in the market? What makes these brands strong and what
are their common characteristics demonstrated by these strong brands? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
In the vibrant and competitive landscape of the Indian market, certain brands have risen above
the fray, establishing themselves as cornerstones of success and resilience. Among these are
Reliance Industries, HDFC, WIPRO, Mahindra, and Lakme, each representing a distinct sector
yet sharing a common thread of unwavering strength and market dominance. These brands
have not merely survived but have thrived, navigating through economic fluctuations,
technological disruptions, and evolving consumer preferences with poise and strategic
acumen. Their journey towards prominence reflects not just a tale of corporate success but also
illuminates the principles of effective brand management in a dynamic environment. By
delving into the factors contributing to their enduring success, such as customer-centricity,
innovation, consistency, strong corporate governance, and a global outlook, we can glean
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2. Brands like Dabur (1884), Godrej (1897), Parle G (1929), Vadilal (1907) and
Allahabad Bank (1865) are examples of Indian brands that have been in existence for
more than 100 years and doing well in the market. What are the common strategies the
above brands have adopted to remain relevant and perform well in the market over such
a long period of time? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
The enduring success of brands like Dabur, Godrej, Parle G, Vadilal, and Allahabad Bank in
the Indian market for over a century highlights their remarkable resilience and strategic
acumen. These brands have not only stood the test of time but have also continued to thrive in
the face of evolving consumer preferences and market dynamics. Understanding the common
strategies that have contributed to their longevity offers valuable insights into effective brand
management practices. Through a combination of heritage preservation, innovation, customercentricity,

diversification, and CSR initiatives, these brands have successfully navigated
challenges and sustained their relevance over generations.
Concept and application
This answer aims to explore the key strategies adopted by these iconic Indian brands to remain
3a. Amongst services, retailers, people, organizations, sports, arts, and entertainment,
which product category cannot be branded? Can you think of anything that cannot be
branded? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
Branding is a fundamental aspect of marketing that involves creating a unique identity and
perception for a product, service, organization, or individual. However, there are certain
product categories where the concept of branding may not be as applicable or effective. This
essay explores whether there exists a product category that cannot be effectively branded
among services, retailers, people, organizations, sports, arts, and entertainment.
Concept and application
While branding can be applied to a wide range of products and entities to differentiate them
from competitors and create value in the minds of consumers, there are indeed certain
3b. Brands extend to different product categories to leverage their brand equity. Why
did brand Usha (successful as consumer electronics) fail when it extended fuel
injection equipment and ONIDA (successful as color TV) failed in brand extension to
washing machine? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Brand extension, the strategy of leveraging the existing brand equity into new product
categories, can be a powerful tool for growth and diversification. However, it’s not always
successful, as evidenced by the failures of brand Usha in extending into fuel injection
equipment and ONIDA in brand extension to washing machines. This answer delves into the
reasons behind these failures and the key factors influencing the success or failure of brand
Strategic Management
June 2024 Examination
1. A start-up in the field of Artificial Intelligence has created a Vision Statement
stating “We bring convenience to our customer’s lives”. They wish to become a
unicorn in the next 5 years. Assume you have joined this company as manager. How
would you formulate a strategic intent statement that aligns with the company’s longterm
goals
and
drives
actionable
initiatives
to
achieve
Unicorn
status
in
this
market?

(10
marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The journey of a start-up aspiring to attain unicorn status, defined by a valuation of over $1
billion, demands a compelling strategic intent that aligns closely with its visionary goals. In
the dynamic and competitive field of Artificial Intelligence, the statement “We bring
convenience to our customer’s lives” lays down a foundational customer-centric vision. As
a manager in this burgeoning company, the challenge lies in crafting a strategic intent that
not only resonates with this vision but also sets a clear, actionable path towards achieving
substantial growth and market influence. Strategic intent acts as a vital bridge between
current capabilities and aspirational goals, providing both motivation and a framework for
decision-making. It encapsulates ambitions and directs the company’s resources towards
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2. What is a Business Model in Strategic Management? Analyse the thought behind
the setting up of Open Network for Digital Commerce [ONDC] by the Government of
India. What do think is the business model of ONDC (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the realm of strategic management, a business model delineates the mechanism through
which a company creates, delivers, and captures value in economic, social, and cultural
contexts. Understanding this framework is crucial for businesses aiming to establish a
competitive edge and achieve sustainable success. In examining the Open Network for
Digital Commerce (ONDC) initiative by the Government of India, we explore an
innovative application of strategic management principles aimed at democratizing the
digital commerce landscape. The ONDC represents a state-led intervention designed to
create an open and accessible digital marketplace, disrupting the traditional dominance of a
few large e-commerce entities. This analysis will explore the theoretical foundations of
3. Please answer the following
a. Explain how is competitive advantage generated by creation of Industrial Clusters
like Technology Parks, Export Processing Zones or Special Economic Zones or
certain locations. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Industrial clusters, including Technology Parks, Export Processing Zones (EPZs), and
Special Economic Zones (SEZs), are strategically created to foster concentrated economic
activities. These clusters generate competitive advantage by leveraging collective
efficiencies, shared resources, and synergistic benefits, significantly impacting local and
national economies.
Concept and Application
The generation of competitive advantage through industrial clusters can be understood
through several key mechanisms. Firstly, these clusters promote an aggregation of
b. Analyze how Bangalore as a location is creating a competitive advantage for
India’s IT Sector? (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Bangalore, often dubbed the “Silicon Valley of India,” has emerged as a pivotal hub for the
IT sector, contributing significantly to India’s status as a global technology leader. The
city’s unique ecosystem offers a blend of entrepreneurial spirit, technological prowess, and
robust infrastructure, making it a fertile ground for IT companies and startups alike.
Concept and Application
Bangalore’s competitive advantage in the IT sector can be attributed to several
interconnected factors that synergistically enhance its appeal and effectiveness as a

 

Advanced Supply Chain Management
June 2024 Examination
Q1. Sourcing strategies used by Maruti helped it in lower down its costs to the tune of
approximately Rs. 60 crores and improve the delivery time by 20 per cent. Discuss how
sourcing could have helped Maruti in efficient procurement processes. (10 Marks)
Q2. Designing a distribution network is a systematic process that involves a number of steps.
Discuss these steps in detail with relevant FMCG industry examples. (10 Marks)
Q3. Mega Electronic Limited supplies electronic components to various TV manufacturers.
In the year 2022 the cost of goods sold by Mega Electronic was Rs.240 crores. The company
was in a very bad shape with huge accumulated losses. After an in-depth study the
management found its different process and technologies was not correctly aligning the
capabilities of its supply chain with its business strategies. The company carried an average
inventory of Rs.60 crore and it was estimated the cost of capital as 10%, storage cost was
7% and risk cost was 6% per unit per annum of inventory. Mega Electronic created a task
force to examine the different supply chain drivers and improve its utilization. In the next
financial year, 2023, the cost of goods sold remained the same but the company, due to
various improvement initiatives undertaken, was able to increase its inventory turnover by 3
times of what it had achieved in the year 2022.
a. Calculate the savings achieved by Mega Electronic Limited through its improvement
initiatives. (5 Marks)
b. Discuss some 5 different parameters Mega Electronics Limited can use for measuring its
performance of its supply chain. (5 Marks)
Business Ethics Governance and Risk
June 2024 Examination
Note: This assignment is application based, you have to apply what you have learnt in this subject
into real life scenario. You will find most of the information through internet search and the
remaining from your common sense. None of the questions or answers appear directly in the
textbook chapters but are based on the concepts and content covered in the chapters or live
sessions, directly or indirectly.
1.“Business should provide goods and services in a manner that is sustainable and safe.” Prepare
an executive summary (in your own words) to showcase how the company is delivering on this
Principle 2 of the National Guidelines on Responsible Business Conduct (NGRBC) from the
Business Responsibility & Sustainability Report – 2022-23 (BRSR) of a company of your choice.
Choose any ONE listed company from the BSE/NSE list of top 100 companies by market
capitalization. You must mention the name of the selected company and include the weblink to its
BRSR. (You may also refer to the company website or its sustainability report for additional
information on this principle and its indicators) DO NOT copy paste. (10 Marks)
2. Go through the ‘Corporate Governance’ section in the annual report (FY2022-23) of the
company selected in Q1 and prepare an analytical write up (in your own words) on its corporate
governance philosophy, each board member’s profile analysis in terms of whether they are
executive, non-executive, or non-executive & independent, their skillsets/ competencies, the
committees they are a part of in this company and their other board positions outside of this
company. Conclude with your analysis/insights about the contribution that these board members
make to their fiduciary duty of care and diligence as ‘trustees of social wealth’ on the board of
this listed company. (You must go through their profiles as given on the company’s website in
‘investor’ section for additional relevant information). You must mention the name of the
company and include the weblink to its annual report 2022-23. (10 Marks)
3. You are a sales manager in a mid-size IT company selling IT hardware. The purchase manager
for a large company agrees to give you an order of Rs. 50 lakh (their first order with you) on the
condition that you will agree to make a Rs. 50,000 donation to his favorite charity (NGO) that is
supporting a local youth sports team being managed and trained by his wife.
a. What according to you is/are the ethical dilemma/s in this situation? (5 Marks)
b. Explain the step wise process of how will you handle this situation? (5 Marks)
Corporate Finance
June 2024 Examination
1) Sanjana decides to invest in a Recurring Deposit at the rate of Rs. 2,000 per year for 5
years and at Rs. 3000 per year for next 10 years. What shall be the value of her investment at
the end of 15 years, if the rate of interest is 10%?
If she wants to receive a lumpsum payment of Rs. 1,00,000 at the end of 15 years, what
should be the sum invested each year for 15 years at the same interest rate?
Calculate showing formula and detailed working. Amounts may be rounded off to nearest
rupee. (10 marks)
2) Atharva Textiles is suffering from declining profits, one of the key reasons for which has
been pointed out as Inventory Management. The following details are collated by the Finance
Manager: Purchase price per unit is Rs. 1000.
Cost incurred at the time of each order is Rs. 600. The no. of orders placed in a year are 30.
The firm incurs a cost of 5% to carry Inventory cost. Average inventory held 2,500 units.
Determine the current Total Inventory Cost.
Also advise what should be the Optimum Order quantity to minimize the cost, if the annual
demand for the enterprise is 1,65,000 units. What shall be the Total Inventory Cost at that
level? (10 marks)
3a) Priya Industries sells their products at Rs. 80 per unit. They incur a Variable cost of Rs.
45 to make the product. Annual credit sales of Priya Limited is 50,000 units. They give a
month’s credit and have a closing debtor balance of Rs. 3,00,000. The Finance manager
decides to increase the credit period from existing 30 days to 45 days. They have an increase
in sales quantity by 10% with the closing debtors balance going up to Rs. 4,24,000. Cost of
funds for the firm is 20%. Calculate the investment in additional receivables.
What should be the considerations to assess the effectiveness of the additional credit period?
Should Priya Industries continue with the relaxed credit or reinstate it to 30 days? (5 marks)
b) A firm sells 2000 baskets at Rs. 100 each. The Basket has a making charge of Rs. 50
each and a fixed operating cost of manufacture of Rs. 50,000/year. Calculate the
Contribution and DOL. Also show the impact if SP increases by 50% on the contribution
and DOL. What does the change in DOL signify? (5marks)
Digital Marketing
June 2024 Examination
You are a digital marketing specialist working for a growing e-commerce company that
specializes in selling organic skincare products.
The e-commerce company, named “EcoGlow Skincare,” was founded with a mission to offer
high-quality skincare solutions that prioritize both effectiveness and environmental
sustainability. Established by a team of skincare enthusiasts and environmental advocates,
EcoGlow Skincare aims to revolutionize the beauty industry by providing consumers with
access to natural, eco-friendly alternatives to traditional skincare products.
Product Portfolio:
EcoGlow Skincare offers a diverse range of organic skincare products formulated with
responsibly sourced, cruelty-free ingredients. The company’s product portfolio includes
cleansers, moisturizers, serums, masks, and specialized treatments, all designed to nourish and
rejuvenate the skin while minimizing environmental impact. Additionally, EcoGlow Skincare
recently introduced a new line of environmentally-friendly sunscreen lotions, which are free
from harmful chemicals and reef-safe, catering to consumers who prioritize sun protection
without compromising on sustainability.
Values and Commitments:
At the core of EcoGlow Skincare’s ethos are values of transparency, integrity, and
environmental stewardship. The company is committed to sourcing ingredients ethically,
utilizing sustainable packaging materials, and minimizing its carbon footprint throughout the
production and distribution process. EcoGlow Skincare actively supports initiatives aimed at
preserving natural habitats and reducing plastic waste, reflecting its dedication to fostering a
healthier planet for future generations.
Market Positioning:
EcoGlow Skincare positions itself as a premium brand within the organic skincare market,
offering products that deliver exceptional results without the use of harsh chemicals or
synthetic additives. The company’s target audience consists of environmentally-conscious
consumers who seek safe, effective skincare solutions aligned with their values of
sustainability and holistic wellness. Through its digital marketing efforts, EcoGlow Skincare
aims to differentiate itself from competitors by emphasizing its commitment to purity,
efficacy, and planet-friendly practices.
Distribution Channels:
In addition to its e-commerce platform, EcoGlow Skincare distributes its products through
select retail partners that share its values and commitment to sustainability. The company also
participates in trade shows, wellness events, and pop-up shops to engage directly with
consumers and raise awareness about its brand and product offerings. However, the primary
focus remains on expanding its online presence and leveraging digital marketing channels to
reach a wider audience of skincare enthusiasts globally.
EcoGlow Skincare is not currently heavily involved in the digital space and has been reserved
to enter. They hire you as a consultant in the Digital Marketing space.
1. Explain ways through which you will promote EcoGlow Skincare online. Elaborate on the
campaign. (10 Marks)
2. Explain the ASCOR Digital Marketing Model framework for the brand EcoGlow Skincare.
(10 Marks)
3a. How will you convince the management to go ahead with digital marketing of the
products? Also, share the difference between traditional and modern marketing. (5 Marks)
3b. At an organizational level, what are the various challenges that you will face in
introducing and establishing Internet Marketing for the EcoGlow Skincare products? (5
Marks)
Digital Payments
June 2024 Examination
1. Discuss the evolution, applications, and security concerns surrounding Near Field
Communication (NFC) technology, highlighting its impact on modern society. Provide examples
of NFC-enabled devices and industries benefiting from its adoption. Assess the potential future
advancements and challenges for NFC technology. (10 Marks)
2. Discuss the impact of major cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum on traditional
banking systems, regulatory frameworks, and emerging trends in decentralized finance. Evaluate
the prospects and risks associated with widespread adoption of cryptocurrencies, considering
factors such as scalability, security, and regulatory compliance. (10 Marks)
3. XYZ Company, a medium-sized retail business in utilities, recently decided to transition from
traditional cash-based transactions to digital payments. This decision was driven by the
increasing demand for contactless payment options from customers and the desire to streamline
financial operations.
a. Discuss the factors that motivated XYZ Company to shift towards digital payments. Analyze
the benefits and potential drawbacks of adopting digital payment systems for businesses like
XYZ Company. (5 Marks)
b. Evaluate how the shift to digital payments may impact XYZ Company’s customer base.
Discuss strategies for XYZ Company to enhance the customer experience during the transition
to digital payments. (5 Marks)
Employee Development & Talent Management
June 2024 Examination
1. Twice a year, Zenith Corp. buzzed with excitement. “Switch Up” day meant swapping jobs!
Tushar, the careful number cruncher, got opportunity to development advertising content for the
company. Sheel, the sales whiz, got to try her hands at data analysis. At first, they were scared. But
Tushar’s words clicked, and Sheel uncovered sales secrets. Soon, “Switch Back” came. Tushar, got
a new perspective towards accounting. Sheel with the analysed data in her mind, closed deals like
magic! Zenith, once stuck in its ways, benefitted from these new perspectives of new roles. They
learned the best way to grow was to leap out of their comfort zones. Many organizations use
multiple ways of employee development and empowerment. In light of the above case, please
discuss Job enlargement, Job rotation and transfers as a way of employee development. What are
the potential drawbacks of job rotation and transfers? (10 Marks)
2. Tech Titans, a booming software firm. Lately the firm has started to lose it’s market value in the
stock market. Mr. Bala, the founder, aging, nearing retirement was not able to announce a
successor yet. In fact, there was complete silence about who will be taking over once Bala retires.
As per his last interview with a business magazine, he was planning to shift to his native for a
peaceful life. This was putting his employees in a dilemma about the future of the company, his
second line was feeling low on morale due to lack of clarity. In light of this case, please elaborate
on improper succession planning and communication gap as hurdles in employee development in
an organization. (10 Marks)
3. Sakshi Mitisha is the owner of a mid-size boutique in a big city. With many high profile and
celebrity clients she does not get a lot of time to get into administrative improvement of the
boutique. But when her master tailor announced to quit on her suddenly one day, she was left
baffled in the middle of upcoming wedding season. Rafique her oldest tailor told her that he has
been feeling dissatisfied with his growth in the company. Mitisha realised that this may be the
result of the latest incentive she offered to her counter sales staff and them treating the boutique
staff from the money. Mitisha realises that she has been too haphazard about any bonuses or
increments in the staff salaries and wants to work out a consistent process for incentives and
increments. Please answer the following questions based on this information..
(10 Marks)
3a. What conditions must Mitisha keep in mind for designing a performance management process?
(5 Marks)
3b. Highlight the significance of a performance management system in any organization. (5
Marks)
Entrepreneurship and Venture Capital Management
June 2024 Examination
1. Health & Wellness retreat: Can you explain how you plan to generate revenue and sustain your
business in the Indian market. (10 Marks)
2. Riyansh and John are two friends who want to start a technology company. They are concerned
about limiting their personal liability and attracting potential investors. Which form of ownership
should they consider, and what are the main characteristics of this form? (10 Marks)
3. Elizabeth is aspiring entrepreneur who wants to launch a business with a fast-food restaurant.
She does not want to start business from scratch because of low-risk appetite and not sufficient
capital to start the business.
a. Elizabeth is exploring different business models for her new fast- food restaurant venture.
Examine the advantages and limitations of franchise business model and an independent fast-food
restaurant. (5 Marks)
b. Advise Elizabeth on the most suitable model for her business and why? (5 Marks)
Financial Institutions and Markets
June 2024 Examination
Q1. Ms. Suraksha, after completing her graduation, has recently joined a bank. With a steady
income and good growth prospects for her career, she intends to save regularly and increase
the amount of savings gradually over the years. Her colleagues in the bank have advised her
investing in Mutual Funds (MFs), as a suitable option for her. However, Ms. Suraksha is not
at aware with MFs. Help Suraksha to understand about mutual funds, types of MF and why
she should invest through mutual fund? (10 marks)
Q2. You are appointed as a Senior financial research analyst in a reputed firm. Your manager
asks you to advise him on the different ways to test market efficiency. Discuss the various
test for market efficiency which will help the Firm’s investment to earn excess returns. (10
Marks)
Q3. “PNB unearthed the scam on January 25, 2018, and submitted a fraud report to the
Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on January 29. On that day, a criminal complaint for registration
of FIR was also made with the CBI. This was followed by another fraud report being
submitted to the RBI on February 7, the day when one more complaint was filed with the
CBI”
A. With reference to the PNB Fraud case, analyse the event in details. (5 Marks)
B. Enumerate the various risk that is highlighted in this event and bring out the difference
between Systemic Risk and Unsystematic Risk. (5 Marks)
Global Retailing
June 2024 Examination
1. You are supposed to set up a store for an exclusive brand Platinum and Titanium jewellery
for the mid and niche segments? What is the kind of display that you can think of to increase
the sale of this jewellery? (10 Marks)
2. If you were given the task to setting up a store in terms of location, display, promotions,
visibility, layout how would you go about doing up the store and also use technology to put
the signages? (10 Marks)
3. Case study
Toyota Motor’s quarterly profit tops estimates, shares hit all-time high
Net sales for the fiscal first quarter rose 24 per cent to ¥10.6 trillion, topping the prediction
for ¥9.8 trillion. For the full year, Toyota kept the revenue outlook at ¥38 trillion Toyota.
Toyota Announced Plans to Strengthen Its Competitiveness in China By, Among Other
Things, Accelerating the Development of An Electric Powertrain with Its Two Biggest
Suppliers, Denso and Aisin.
Toyota Motor’s quarterly profit exceeded estimates as improvements in supply of
semiconductors and a weak yen helped it capitalize on a global rebound in demand for
vehicles. The stock closed at a record high.
Operating profit for the three months through June was a record ¥1.1 trillion ($7.7 billion),
the world’s No. 1 carmaker said in a statement Tuesday. That compared with ¥880 billion
projected by analysts. Toyota kept its outlook for operating income for the fiscal year at ¥3
trillion.
Demand for automobiles is robust following the pandemic downturn, prompting carmakers to
boost production and raise prices. Toyota made and sold a record number of vehicles in June.
It is also on track to increase production between August and October, according to recent
reports.
“When considering exchange rates, production and the market environment, Toyota
keeping its outlook was a bit of a surprise,” Bloomberg Intelligence analyst Tatsuo
Yoshida said.
Net sales for the fiscal first quarter rose 24 per cent to ¥10.6 trillion, topping the prediction
for ¥9.8 trillion. For the full year, Toyota kept the revenue outlook at ¥38 trillion.
The company’s shares rose 2.5 per cent in Tokyo, building on Monday’s 3.3 per cent gain to
reach ¥2,445.5 — a record based on data compiled by Bloomberg going back to 1974. The
share price reflects a five-for-one stock split in October 2021
Toyota said it was able to command higher prices for vehicles, helping to “reduce the impact
of the sharp rise in materials prices.”
Japanese carmakers’ sales in 2023 could rise 19 per cent domestically and 18 per cent in the
US, but fall 4 per cent in China, according to Yoshida.
“Toyota’s declining business in China is a point of concern,” he said. “The impact is
industry-wide but concerning for a firm like Toyota.”
Toyota announced plans to strengthen its competitiveness in China by, among other things,
accelerating the development of an electric powertrain with its two biggest suppliers, Denso
and Aisin.
As pressure builds on manufacturers to phase out fossil fuels and embrace the shift to electric
vehicles, Toyota has promised to expand EV production while continuing to offer a broad
selection of hybrid and gasoline cars.
Soon after former Lexus head Koji Sato became chief executive officer, the company pledged
to sell 1.5 million battery EVs annually by 2026. Further out, it has promised to sell 3.5
million by 2030, halve its carbon dioxide emissions by 2035 and become carbon neutral by
2050.
In May, Sato said Toyota would produce 200,000 BEVs this fiscal year. He also said it would
invest ¥3.1 trillion on sustainable growth, including efforts to decarbonize and electrify.
Questions
a) What is Toyota’s future strategy and how is it gearing up for achieving that goal and how
are things looking up after the pandemic downturn? Why should the car companies raise
prices at this point and is Toyota’s sale falling in China a cause for concern and what is its
plan to compete in that market? (5 marks)
b) What is the reason Toyota wants to continue its focus on Gasoline and Hybrid cars along
with its electric cars? What has Koji Sato pledged and where is the focus turning towards an
electric and clean energy vehicle and what are the effects of the current Gasoline engines that
are impacting our planet and why do they need to be phased out? (5 marks)
Insurance & Risk Management
June 2024 Examination
Q1. Anita is self employed. She is thirty one years old, and is a fitness freak. She looks upon
health insurance policies as useless annual drain on people’s monetary resources. Confident
that she will remain fit and healthy in the foreseeable future, she has decided not to spend
yearly sums on buying a health insurance policy. Do you feel that she is doing the right thing?
If not, suggest suitable types of health insurance policies that she can consider. (10
Marks)
Q2. Insurance is provided on the trust basis and the facts mentioned in the proposal form.
What is your understanding on the above statement with reference to the basic principles of
Insurance? (10 Marks)
Q3. Jatin has recently started working with a renowned MNC after passing out of a premier
B- School. A senior colleague has suggested him to take a life insurance policy. However,
Jatin is not convinced with the idea of taking a life insurance policy and is unaware of the
various life insurance products which are available in the market. As a friend of Jatin You
need to make Jatin understand the following:
a. Explain the concept of life insurance to Mr. Jatin and highlight the importance of a having
life insurance policy (5 Marks)
b. Help Jatin in explaining the various types of life insurance policies (any 4) which are
available in the market. (5 Marks)
International Banking & Foreign Exchange Management
June 2024 Examination
Q1. Suppose that your friend Mr. Naresh is expanding his business by starting a new export
venture. He has seeked your advice in the matter. Explain to him how the EXIM bank can
help him and discuss their programs and services that could be useful for Mr. Naresh. (10
marks)
Q2. Dr. Swami is part of the management team of MHS bank that is performing very well in
the domestic market of its country. Advisors have suggested them to consider expansion in
foreign countries as well. What can be the advantages of such an approach? What kind of
services can the bank aim to provide by ‘internationalisation’ of the bank? (10 Marks)
Q3. a. Over the past few years India has attracted a large amount of Foreign Direct
Investment (FDI) in various sectors. Explain what you mean by FDI with an example. (5
marks)
Q3. b. The Euro as a common currency for the European Union’s member states was
launched with the aim of greater European Integration. Do you agree that Euro as a single
currency has advantages? Discuss. (5 Marks)
International Finance
June 2024 Examination
1. Suppose a particular Multinational Company is striving research for further scope of Global
Finance Factors at MACRO Level. Which arena will be stringent for Management to discover
the further International Scope ? Elaborate respective factors. (10 Marks)
2. How the Bretton Woods System & Gold Standard affected 44 Countries Delegates at New
Hampshire for new Currency USD as Global Reserve Currency? Elaborate the effective features
of BWS in terms of International Finance regime. (10 Marks)
3a. What is the Cruciality of IMPERFECT MARKET THEORY in the era of International
Trade & Finance as whether it can stand out as most different / Niche Global Theory? (5 Marks)
b. Elaborate as how International Bonds Markets forms the crucial paradigm in
International Finance Markets? Elaborate any 2 Factors. (5 Marks)
International HR Practices
June 2024 Examination
Q1. Spice Agrofoods, a Delhi-based food processing company, is venturing into the
French market by establishing a distribution center in Paris. The company plans to relocate a
team of 25 logistics and marketing professionals from India and 2 from Spain. As the HR
Manager, design pre-departure and post-arrival training programs for the team. Additionally,
identify and discuss the top three challenges you foresee after the team’s movement to France.
Question:
What pre-departure and post-arrival training programs would you plan for the team relocating
from India and Spain to France for Spice Agro foods? Also, what are the top three challenges
you foresee after the movement is completed? (10 Marks)
Q2. Global Logistics Corporation (GLC), headquartered in Singapore, stands as a prominent
logistics company that has recently extended its reach to 50 countries, spanning across Asia,
Southeast Asia, the United Arab Emirates, Australia, and other regions. The company’s
leadership is currently in the process of unifying performance management policies across all
its international offices to ensure uniformity and efficiency. In your role as an HR head, you
have been entrusted with the responsibility of identifying potential issues and challenges that
the HR department might encounter during the implementation of a standardized performance
management system across these 50 nations.
Question:
What are the primary issues and challenges that the HR department might face in the
development and execution of a standardized performance management system across 50
nations for Global Logistics Corporation? Discuss in detail. (10 Marks)
Q3. XYZ Tech Solutions, a software development company based in Bangalore, India, has
recently secured a significant contract with a tech giant in Silicon Valley, USA. The contract
requires XYZ Tech Solutions to establish a dedicated team in San Francisco to work closely
with the client. The team needs to include 3 software developers, 2 project managers, 1
cybersecurity specialist, and 1 client liaison officer. XYZ Tech Solutions is keen on hiring
local talent to adapt to the Silicon Valley work culture and comply with local regulations. As
an HR consultant, you are tasked with addressing the key challenges and considerations in
recruiting, selecting, and managing the local team in San Francisco.
Question:
a) What are the Challenges and Considerations in Recruiting and Selecting a Local Team in
San Francisco? (5 Marks)
b) Considering the global nature of XYZ Tech Solutions and its endeavor to establish a team
in San Francisco, what key factors should HR take into account when managing this local
team? (5 Marks)
International Logistics & Supply Chain Management
June 2024 Examination
Q1. An international athleisure brand is planning its foray in the Indian market but is unsure of
whether to begin by importing its range of athleisure wear in India from its contract
manufacturers located outside India or contracting a domestic Indian manufacturer to produce
& supply its range of athleisure wear. Help the company in its supply chain planning &
suggest a supply chain strategy for its Indian foray. (10 marks)
Q2. An Indian manufacturer of copper wires wants to expand into international markets by
exporting to two countries, Saudi Arabia & Qatar. Explain the various factors to be considered
in planning the logistics for the exports expansion, and suggest the appropriate choice of
logistics strategy (in-house / 3PL / 4PL etc.) for the same. (10 marks)
Q3. An Indian chemical manufacturing company has been facing stiff competition in the
domestic market from imports. While there is strong demand for the product, cheaper
imports from other countries such China, USA and Thailand, have limited the growth potential
for the company. The company is therefore exploring sourcing its products from several lowcost suppliers based
in these
countries.
a. Identify the key factors the company must consider for procurement from these countries?
How can it organize its international procurement function to ensure smooth procurement on a
regular basis? (5 marks)
b. Explain the role of government agencies in such international procurement. What related
procedural aspects will the company have to handle additionally for such international
procurement? (5 marks)
IT Security and Risk Management
June 2024 Examination
1. Differentiate between vulnerabilities, threats, and countermeasures in information security.
How do organizations identify and address vulnerabilities? Illustrate how a firewall plays an
important role in protecting networks from unauthorized access. (10 Marks)
2. Explain the importance of security awareness training for employees within an organization.
How can a strong security awareness culture contribute to mitigating cybersecurity risks?
Discuss the role of employees in maintaining the security of information systems and the potential
consequences of a lack of security awareness among staff members. (10 Marks)
3. A multinational e-commerce company, E-ShopX, is preparing for its annual flash sale event,
which attracts millions of online shoppers. As a cybersecurity analyst hired by E-ShopX, you are
tasked with ensuring the security of the company’s systems and infrastructure during this critical
period.
Malicious Code Incident:
a. Scenario: On the eve of the flash sale, several customers report unusual behavior on the E-
ShopX website, such as unexpected redirects, pop-up ads, and slow performance
As the cybersecurity analyst, how would you investigate the reported incidents to determine if the
website has been compromised by malicious code? Outline the steps you would take to identify,
isolate, and mitigate the malicious code to ensure the security and integrity of the website for the
upcoming flash sale. (5 Marks)
b. Scenario: As the flash sale approaches, E-ShopX becomes a prime target for cyberattacks,
including denial of service (DoS) attacks aimed at disrupting the website’s availability and
causing financial losses.
As the cybersecurity analyst, what proactive measures would you implement to protect E-
ShopX’s systems and infrastructure from potential denial of service (DoS) attacks during the flash
sale event? Describe the strategies and technologies you would deploy to detect, mitigate, and
respond to DoS attacks in real-time to ensure uninterrupted service for online shoppers. (5
Marks)
Lean Six Sigma
June 2024 Examination
1. As a consultant for business process outsourcing (BPO) company develop a comprehensive
framework utilizing the DMAIC methodology for process improvement by identifying any
process (at least 1) that needs improvement. Additionally, envisage yourself as the project leader
of a Six Sigma initiative and draft a set of guidelines for your team to adhere to, aimed at
avoiding conflicts effectively. (10 Marks)
2. Consider yourself as a Six Sigma project leader for a super specialty hospital. Develop a
comprehensive schedule outlining all activities from patient admission to bed occupancy.
Additionally, construct a process map delineating the patient admission procedure, commencing
from registration to bed allocation within the hospital. (10 Marks)
3. Suppose you are employed at an organization that offers advanced software solutions and
web-based business tools to other companies.
a. Select a specific process within your organization and deconstruct it into smaller tasks to
pinpoint Non-Value Added (NVA), Business Value Added (BVA), and Value Added (VA)
activities. (5 Marks)
b. If you are positioned as the project leader of a Six Sigma initiative centred around the
identified process from part a then enumerate responsibilities associated with Six Sigma belts,
including Master Black Belt (MBB), Black Belt (BB), Green Belt (GB), Yellow Belt (YB), and
White Belt (WB). (5 Marks)
Managing Business Process Outsourcing
June 2024 Examination
1. Your company, Acme Inc., is considering outsourcing its customer service department to a
BPO provider in another country. You are the project manager responsible for selecting the best
BPO partner. What key areas will you assess in your due diligence process? What specific steps
will you take to gather information? (10 Marks)
2. Describe the key factors a company should consider when developing a capability sourcing
strategy. (10 Marks)
3. BBC stands for the British Broadcasting Corporation, is a public service broadcaster which is
headquartered in London. It is the world’s oldest and largest broadcasting company. It is
recognised under the Royal Charter and operates for state for Culture, Media and Sport. It is
often referred as ‘the Beeb’ by UK audiences. It has another nickname also, i.e. ‘Auntie’.
Therefore, the two names may be clubbed together to be called as ‘Auntie Beeb’.
The BBC is a productive, extremely capable company which has won many awards for the
outsourcing business. It serves a number of facilities like business process outsourcing,
information technology, facilities management and serving the clients as per their needs. It
generates the maximum customer centric vision so as to achieve maximum value to the company.
According to Dave Wyer, Strategic Supplier Development Manager, Outsourcing Yearbook
2015, BBC has ranked best in outsourcing relationships. However, BBC faces some challenges
also. The organisation thinks although it is best in outsourcing the business solutions, it lacks
behind in many other contracts. In spite of information technology, more services need to be
provided such as cloud, robotics, multi channel, single sourced, multi sourced, etc. Therefore, to
achieve this, intelligent and proactive management of services are needed. The company always
looks for collaboration with existing partners to innovate new technologies and methods.
However, this scenario can sometimes become complex due to market conditions which makes it
difficult to smoothly execute all operations together. In addition to this, the license fee is also
fixed which makes the task difficult due to the fixed income stream.
Dave Wyer says, ‘if you are expanding the outsourcing with multiple suppliers, then each of it is
adding a certain risk with the value to the organisation’. Therefore, all these risks

must be identified and monitored clearly for their occurrence. Another factor for eveloping the
risk is due to the value leakage, which everyone tries in the organisation to mitigate throughout
the life cycle of the contract. Hence, so as to avoid this, close attention is needed at all stages of
the business by all the members of the organisation involved in it.
To deal with all kinds of related risks, a forum has been developed alled ‘The STAR Forum’. The
BBC STAR Forum is an organisation-wide group dealing with the bringing of all contract
managers and the sponsors under a common roof, so as to have a clear vision of the business like
what is going on in the business, etc. i.e. the complete inside and outside details of the business
outsourcing deals. This forum meet is organised quarterly and attended by all the senior
management people and board executives also.
This approach exemplifies the barriers and risks of the BB’s strategic decisions for the business
and thereby improves the value for the organisation. It builds more partnership opportunities for
the company by engaging the staff efficiently with the designed strategy. Using the forum, robust
communication links provide the BBC management to perform portfolio analysis for risks and
develop the plan as per the risk for the removal from the system.
a. While achieving success, the BBC also faces challenges. Based on the information provided,
identify two key challenges faced by the BBC in its outsourcing endeavors and explain their
potential impact. (5 Marks)
b. Explain how the STAR Forum, as described in the case study, helps address the challenges
faced by the BBC in its outsourcing strategy. (5 Marks)
Marketing Research
June 2024 Examination
1. You are the marketing director of Alpha motors your organization wants to launch a range of
EV’s. Your company wants to conduct market research to establish customer needs and
expectations prepare a research plan. Mention TG, Priority markets, research hypotheses in the
plan along with success benchmarks for your research. (10 Marks)
2. “Understanding TG is critical for marketing success” Prove or disprove this hypothesis by
applying the 4 P’s of marketing for the company Alpha motors mentioned in question no 1. (10
Marks)
3. Your company is planning to launch a new range of soaps targeted to the Indian family. The
category is cluttered with many similar products in such a scenario:
a. Define the TG and markets you shall target give justifications for your selection, why do you
think target grouping is so important in market research. How will you target consumers
differentiate your product with competition? (5 Marks)
b. Create a 10 question questionnaire to conduct primary research in the target consumers,
which sampling techniques would you use? Justify your reasons. (5 Marks)
New Product Development and Managing Innovation
June 2024 Examination
1. Explain the different product lifecycle stages. Describe the characteristics of each phase in
terms of product familiarity, sales etc. and provide a product example for each stage. (10
Marks)
2. Creating a ‘new product strategy’ prior to initiating the concept development phase is a
fundamental component of launching new products. Picture yourself in the Product division
of a leading multinational automotive manufacturer. The company intends to introduce a
moderately priced mid-range version specifically designed for the Indian market. In this
example’s context, assess the strategy utilizing two strategic planning models: the Ansoff
Matrix and the BCG Matrix. (10 Marks)
3a. What are the advantages for companies in conducting competitor analysis? Elaborate on
Porter’s Five Forces model with an industry-specific example to illustrate its application. (5
Marks)
3b. List and elaborate the 4 different types of innovation? Explain by providing an example
from products/industries of your choice for each type. (5 Marks)
Research Methodology
June 2024 Examination
1. One of the newly opened Gym in your area trying to understand what type of exercise is
preferred by people these Days, how often they do their exercise and do they really enjoy it or
they do just for the sake of doing. Which research design is most suitable for this situation?
Write research proposal for this situation. (10 Marks)
2. You are a HR manager in one of the major IT company. Design an experimental study to
look into the factors that affect employee churn in the IT firm, with an emphasis on HR
initiatives to lower attrition. Develop a design of experiment of this study keeping independent,
dependent and extraneous variables into consideration. How you will apply control in this
experimental research. Explain the variables and steps. (10 Marks)
3. During pandemic Zepto has emerged as a major Quick commerce market in Mumbai;
however; after the entry of Swiggy’s Instamart and Zomato’s Blinkit the market has become
highly competitive. The market has been changing with respect to consumer preferences,
market trends and consumer choices for apps.
a. Classify and distinguish the specific purposes for which Zepto may be able to use research
effectively. Write down the problem statement and operational definition of this research. (5
Marks)
b. Develop a questionnaire to study consumer preference for most preferred q-commerce app. (5
Marks)
Sales Management
June 2024 Examination
1. Excellent Corporation, a multinational company operating in the consumer goods sector, is
restructuring its sales territories. The company’s products range from personal care items
to household cleaning supplies, catering to diverse demographics & geographic
regions. As the sales manager, you’re tasked with optimizing the sales territory
assignments to maximize sales performance & customer coverage. Outline the key factors
you would consider when redesigning the sales territories for ABC Corporation
(10 Marks)
2. Prepare a Sales Plan for a brand of consumer durable focusing in rural market (10 Marks)
3. Read the case & answer the questions based on the case:
Case Background:
You are a sales representative for a leading chemical manufacturing company specializing in
high-quality housekeeping and cleaning solutions. Your company has recently
introduced a new line of environmentally friendly and highly effective cleaning chemicals
suitable for the hotel industry. Your target client is a luxury hotel chain with multiple
properties worldwide.
Client Information:
Hotel Chain: Prestige Hospitality Group, a well-established luxury hotel chain with a focus
on sustainability.
Decision-Maker: Ms. Rodriguez, the Director of Housekeeping for Prestige Hospitality
Group.
Current Suppliers: The hotel chain is currently working with a different supplier for its
housekeeping chemicals.
Challenges:
• The hotel chain is already committed to a contract with a different supplier.
• Demonstrating the superiority and sustainability of your chemical products.
• Negotiating a deal that is competitive and aligned with the hotel’s budget.
Objectives:
• Convince Prestige Hospitality Group to consider switching to your company’s
housekeeping chemicals.
• Highlight the environmental benefits & effectiveness of your products.
• Negotiate a mutually beneficial contract that meets the hotel’s needs and aligns with your
company’s goals.
Questions:
a. Explain various Sales related marketing strategies (5 Marks)
b. What Negotiation tactics will you adopt to close the deal? (5 Marks)
Services Marketing
June 2024 Examination
1. You have a retail store. There are various kinds of products that you have. It includes-
consumer durables, groceries, and clothes. You have been operating in an offline mode.
With increasing customers moving online, you intend to catch up to that trend. How will
you build your online brand? (10 Marks)
2. You intend to start a sandwich store. What are the possible challenges that you can
possibly face, while you are creating an offering – Product, Price, Place,
Promotion, Physical evidence, process, and people. (10 Marks)
3. ABCD is a coaching academy for IIT students. However, with more coaching
institutions growing and online options coming, prospective students are not opting for
your services. You are receiving negative reviews about your company recently and
customer services is poor.
a. How will you build a positive image about your brand? (5 marks)
b. How will you improve your customer service? (5 marks)
Strategic Financial Management
June 2024 Examination
Question 1:
A manager in a bank appraising a project found from sensitivity analysis that a project is too
risky with respect to the selling price assumed. To this the Director of the firm stated that he
believed in scenario analysis to make a judgement about the risk of the project and asked the
manager of the bank to consider scenarios rather than sensitivity. Was the Director right in his
suggestion? (10 marks)
Question 2:
Nurta Pharmaceuticals current earnings per share is Rs. 20, which is distributed to its
shareholders. The required rate of return for the shareholders is 20%, and the market price of
the share is Rs. 100. Nutra Pharmaceuticals has three business opportunities.
Option 1 is to make a product that gives 25% return,
Option 2 is expansion of current product that would give 20%,
Option 3 is to produce a product that would give 15% return.
Assume all products are scale able, mutually exclusive and are funded only through equity. To
fund the projects, the only option is to reduce the dividend payout to 50%, i.e dividend would
reduce from Rs. 20 per share to Rs. 10 per share. The retained part of the dividend would be
used to fund the selected project. Determine the growth rate (g = b*ROE) for each of the
options and the new share price (assuming constant growth). Comment on the new share price
for each of the model. (10 marks)
Question 3a:
Shaurya Ltd issues bonds with a face value of INR 100, coupon rate 5% (annual coupon
payment) that matures in 4 years. Compute the Yield to Maturity (YTM) assuming the current
market price of the bond is INR 96. (5 marks)
Question 3b:
Based on the details given below, compute the profit or loss incurred in the transaction
assuming Mohan purchases one call option contract of Asus Ltd:
Number of shares in the option contract: 100 shares
Strike price: Rs. 300
Option cost: Rs.2000
Current market price of Asus Ltd on option expiry date: Rs.350 (5 marks)
Strategic HRM
June 2024 Examination
1. You are a human resources manager at a medium-sized company. Your company is
considering implementing a new approach to managing its workforce, and the executives are
interested in understanding the differences between Strategic Human Resource Management
(SHRM) and traditional Human Resource Management (HRM). They have asked you to
provide a detailed explanation, including the key distinctions, advantages, and potential
challenges of each approach.? (10 Marks)
2. Name two organizations that have merged with another firm in the recent past. Discuss the
reasons for the merger. What HR challenges did these firms confront as a result of mergers?
Were the firms successful in managing these challenges? Do you think there were better ways
of approaching these issues? Describe them. (10 Marks)
3. Mitosense Corporation is a multinational company operating in the technology sector. Over
the past few years, the company has experienced rapid growth, expanding its operations to
new markets and increasing its workforce significantly. However, with this growth came
challenges related to human resource management, particularly in the areas of recruitment,
retention, and employee development.
Mitosense Corporation is facing difficulties in attracting and retaining top talent in a
competitive market. Despite offering competitive salaries and benefits, the company is
struggling to fill key positions, especially in its research and development (R&D) department.
The HR department is under pressure to find innovative ways to attract qualified candidates
and reduce the time-to-fill for vacant positions. Employee turnover has been increasing at
Mitosense Corporation, particularly among younger employees. The company’s exit surveys
indicate that many employees are leaving due to a lack of career development opportunities
and a perceived lack of work-life balance. The HR department needs to develop strategies to
improve employee retention and engagement, including implementing mentoring programs
and flexible work arrangements. Mitosense Corporation recognizes the importance of
investing in employee development to stay competitive. However, the company’s training
programs are outdated and not aligned with the needs of its workforce. The HR department
needs to revamp its training and development initiatives to ensure they are relevant, engaging,
and accessible to all employees, including remote workers.
Questions

a. How can the HR department reduce the time-to-fill for vacant positions without
compromising on the quality of hires? (5 Marks)
b.What steps can Mitosense Corporation take to improve career development
opportunities for its employees? (5 Marks)
Treasury Management in Banking
June 2024 Examination
1. In March 2022, major Central Banks worldwide started increasing interest rates resulting in
higher Treasury Bill yields and failure of few banks in US (due to selling of Assets to meet
liquidity). Explain the role Treasury Policies & ALCO for liquidity management? (10 Marks)
2. A British MNC in India want to move their Corporate Treasury to Head Office in London
for better liquidity management. Explain what are the considerations when choosing the
location to setup a Corporate Treasury office? (10 Marks)
3. In view of settlement risk and increasing interest rates, explain the following:
a. What is Herstatt risk? (5 Marks)
b. How Assets and Liabilities are considered Rate Sensitive? (5 Marks)
World Class Operations
June 2024 Examination
1. You are the Maintenance Manager of a Pump manufacturer and have launched their TPM
Program. Explain the concept of 5S and why it is the foundation of TPM. What are some of the
benefits you expect from this TPM initiative? (10 Marks)
2. Global Manufacturing firms in diverse sectors such as Automotive (Toyota, Daimler),
Electronics (Apple, Phillips), Appliances (Kohler, Black & Decker), etc., are highly reputed for
their unflinching commitment to Quality. In this context, briefly explain the key factors that are
part of Quality. (10 Marks)
3a. Quality Awards act as motivation for the companies to carry on with world class standards in
manufacturing. Discuss the difference between National and International Awards. (5 Marks)
3b. With reference to Quality Awards, what are the Deming Criteria for Performance Excellence
in assessing the award? (5 Marks)

 

Compensation & Benefits
June 2024 Examination
Q1. Dr. Pirosha was a renowned ENT surgeon in Aurangabad city in Western India and along
with few partners had established “Sunshine Hospitals” in 1999 to cater to the ENT needs of
the people in the city.
Due to the excellent treatment facilities, and moderate charges, the hospital achieved rapid
growth and within ten years became a leading hospital in that area. The only area which
seemed to become a hindrance to further prosperity was the old Information Assimilation and
Dissemination system which was installed way back in the 90s. This old system was unable
to handle the complete Payroll operations and also the different aspects of Mgl Information
Systems. So, a lot of manual systems had to be incorporated with the old computer system
and this was creating many operational problems.
So, Dr Pirosha wanted to urgently install a modern and sophisticated IT system which would
satisfy present and future information requirements and took quotations from several IT
service providers. In this regard, he has approached you, a System Consultant, for evaluating
the different modernization proposals that he has received
You are therefore expected to identify the different factors (at least five), on which the
proposals will be assessed by developing a “Point Rating Scheme” after explaining the logic
involved.
This “Rating Scheme” will enable converting the different proposals into points, thus
enabling easy comparison of the proposals. Therefore, the selection of a particular
“Service Provider” can be done in an objective manner. (10 marks)
Q2) For the past few years, the Director of a reputed B School is facing a problem of “brain
drain” mainly in the Assistant Professor and to a certain extent in the Associate Professor
level also. The Institute has an established policy of inducting fresh as well as experienced
doctoral level candidates only from the established and very reputed IIMs. The fresh passouts
are
absorbed
in
the
Assistant
Professor
level
and
those
with
good
experience
(at
least
10

years)
and
with
several
journal
publications
are
absorbed
in
the
Associate
Professor
category.

Though

the pay-scale is not the same as given in the IIMs, yet the Institute tries to
compensate it by giving generous allowances. Also, promotion to the next category is largely
dependent upon student feedback and of course number of papers published in front-line
journals.
In spite of these measures, the Institute has lost five Assistant Professors and two
Associate Professors within the last three years. Although, in their “exit interview” all of
them have mentioned that they are leaving for better opportunities, yet the Director has a
feeling that there must be some other reason for their departure.
You are a reputed HR consultant and also happen to be an alumnus of that college. So, the
Director has requested you to study the problem and suggest a solution. Discuss how would
you proceed to arrive at a solution in that B School? (10 marks)
Q 3. “Sunshine Forging Pvt Ltd”, was a medium scale manufacturing company catering to
the auto industry in Perambur, Tamil Nadu. The owner Mr Alam, had started as a small- time
supplier to the different auto companies and the railways and had established this company in
the late nineties. Gradually over the years, this company grew and today its product, the
“Sunshine” brand of forgings, were an established name in the industry.
Mr. Alam paid his workmen quite well – they were paid a consolidated monthly salary
(which was about 25% higher as compared to others in the industry) and a yearly production
bonus. There was no system of paying incentives or any sort of “benefits” apart from paid
weekly off and paid festival leave. However, there was a small clinic inside the works, where
a doctor and a nurse were available for the benefit of the workmen.
This system was working well for the company but recently with the increase in domestic and
also foreign competition, the company’s profits had stagnated and this financial year they had
just managed to break-even. This was mainly because the production costs were increasing
but the actual output was not increasing enough to offset the rising costs. Thus naturally, Mr
Alam was quite worried and wanted to discuss this problem with his very experienced
General Manager, Mr Roberts, for his opinion.
Mr. Roberts, from his experience in previous organisations felt that in the absence of any
financial incentives it would be very difficult to induce the workmen to raise the
production level much above the present figures. So, he suggested Mr Alam to engage a
reputed consultant to recommend how this improved output could be achieved.
Accordingly, Mr Alam contacted you, and requested you to conduct a preliminary study and
give an “overall assessment” to Mr Alam and other senior managers of the company within a
week. Based on this preliminary report, future strategy could be decided.
a) What do you think this “overall assessment” could be? (5 marks)
b) What future strategy, you feel could be taken to improve profitability? (5 marks)
Industrial Relations & Labour Laws
June 2024 Examination
1. In a manufacturing facility situated in Pune, India, female workers have raised concerns
about disparities in remuneration when compared to their male counterparts. The factory
management is committed to addressing these issues in line with the Equal Remuneration Act,
1976. As a legal consultant specializing in labor laws for factories, provide a comprehensive
set of recommendations to the factory management to ensure compliance with the Act.
Consider measures to identify and rectify gender-based wage gaps within a factory setting,
taking into account factors such as job roles, working conditions, and any specific challenges
or considerations pertinent to the manufacturing environment. (10 Marks)
2. In a textile mill located in Coimbatore, India, there have been concerns raised by pregnant
employees regarding maternity benefits and related provisions under The Maternity Benefit
Act, 1961. The mill management is keen on ensuring compliance and supporting the well-
being of pregnant employees. As a legal consultant specializing in labor laws, provide a set of
recommendations to the mill management to ensure adherence to the Act. Include
considerations for maternity leave, working conditions for pregnant employees, benefits
during the maternity period, and any recent amendments to the Act that might impact the
mill’s policies. (10 Marks)
3. In a call center based in Bangalore, India, there is a growing dispute between the customer
service representatives and the management concerning working hours and performance-
related incentives. The employees argue that the extended working hours negatively impact
their work-life balance, while the management asserts that it is essential for meeting client
demands. The tension has led to a decrease in productivity and an increase in grievances. Both
parties are open to external intervention to resolve the dispute.
a. As an industrial relations expert, the call center management is seeking advice on opting for
voluntary arbitration to address the issues raised by the customer service representatives.
Outline the advantages and disadvantages of voluntary arbitration, the process involved, and
how it can be initiated. Provide insights into how voluntary arbitration can be a viable
alternative to litigation in resolving the dispute, considering the specific concerns of the call
centre employees. (5 Marks)
b. Simultaneously, the customer service representatives are considering formal legal avenues,
such as adjudication, to address their grievances. As a legal consultant, explain the process
and implications of adjudication in the context of resolving industrial disputes. Highlight the
role of labor courts, the legal framework surrounding adjudication, and the potential outcomes
that may arise from pursuing this path. Consider the factors that both parties should weigh
when deciding whether to opt for adjudication. (5 Marks)
Manpower Planning, Recruitment and Selection
June 2024 Examination
1. Career Anchors play vital role while deciding the career choices. Analyze the significance
of understanding Career Anchors in guiding individuals towards fulfilling career choices and
professional development. (10 Marks)
2. “Irrespective of the experience level, Induction Training plays an important role for a new
employee” Explain why you agree or disagree with this statement. Provide a detailed analysis
of the challenges often faced during the induction process (10 Marks)
3. 360- degree feedback is effective way of appraising the performance of employees provided
it is designed and implemented scientifically.
a. Give reasons of how 360 degrees feedback is an effective method of performance appraisal.
(5 Marks)
b. While using this method, organizations might come across some difficulties. What kind of
difficulties can be faced by the organizations and how those difficulties can be addressed?
(5 Marks)
Organisational Theory, Structure and Design
June 2024 Examination
1. Organisations are created for achieving complex goals and bringing different skills sets.
Evaluate the different features of an organisation, which are commonly found irrespective of the
size of business. Add appropriate examples. (10 Marks)
2. The McKinsey’s 7-S Framework helps managers identify potential changes for improving
organisational performance. Analyse the importance of the various internal aspects that must be
focused on, according to this framework. Give suitable examples. (10 Marks)
3. Organisational effectiveness helps managers answer key questions for growth like leadership
cohesiveness, recruiting right people and developing future capabilities. Keeping the above
scenario in mind, explain with examples:
a. Which parameters help companies measure their organisational effectiveness? (5 Marks)
b. Discuss the pros and cons of the Goal Approach for understanding organisational
effectiveness. (5 Marks)
Organisation Culture
June 2024 Examination
1. Analyse the relationship between an organization’s culture and its structure. How do
different types of cultures (for example , clan, adhocracy, market, hierarchy) facilitate or
hinder the implementation of organizational strategies and processes? Provide examples to
support your argument.? (10 Marks)
2. Examine the influence of leadership on organizational culture and strategic direction. How
can leaders ensure that the culture aligns with the organization’s strategic objectives,
particularly during periods of change such as mergers, acquisitions, or shifts in strategic
focus? Use theoretical concepts and real-world examples to underpin your discussion.
(10 Marks)
3. IndraCorp, a prominent Indian conglomerate operating across South Asia, has built its
success on diversification, operating in sectors ranging from IT services to consumer goods.
Despite its achievements, IndraCorp faces challenges including high employee turnover,
reduced market innovation, and declining employee engagement, exacerbated by the hypercompetitive
markets it
operates
in.
To address these issues, IndraCorp’s leadership embarked on a cultural transformation
journey, focusing on innovation, employee engagement, and sustainability. They
implemented strategic initiatives such as flexible work policies to support work-life balance,
established innovation hubs across its businesses to foster new ideas, and updated their core
values to emphasize collaboration, respect, and ethical business practices. Furthermore , key
strategic interventions spanned across the following areas.
Emphasis on Work-Life Balance: Recognizing the importance of employee well- being,
IndraCorp introduced flexible working hours and remote work options. This initiative was
designed to help employees achieve a better balance between their personal and professional
lives, thereby reducing burnout and enhancing job satisfaction.
Innovation Encouragement: To reignite the spark of creativity, the company established
internal innovation labs. These labs provided employees with the resources and freedom to
pursue projects beyond their regular duties, promoting a culture of experimentation and
lifelong learning.
Revamped Core Values: IndraCorp undertook a comprehensive review of its core values to
realign them with the evolving expectations of its workforce and the broader business
landscape. The updated values emphasized teamwork, respect for individuality, and a
commitment to sustainable growth, serving as a foundational pillar for the company’s
strategic decisions and daily operations.
Leadership Development: The conglomerate invested in empathetic leadership training for its
managers. This program aimed to equip leaders with the skills to better support and connect
with their teams, fostering an environment of trust, open communication, and mutual respect.
Feedback Mechanisms: IndraCorp introduced regular feedback sessions and an open- door
policy with management. These initiatives encouraged a culture of transparency and
continuous improvement, allowing employees to voice their ideas and concerns freely.
Recognition Programs: To boost morale and engagement, a new recognition scheme was
implemented. This program celebrated both team and individual achievements, highlighting
contributions toward innovation and collaborative success, and reinforcing the value
of each employee’s contribution to the company’s goals. Through these strategic
interventions, IndraCorp sought not only to address its immediate challenges but also to
lay the groundwork for a resilient, adaptable, and innovative organizational culture capable
of thriving in South Asia’s hyper- competitive markets.
3a. Considering IndraCorp’s strategic efforts to revitalize its organizational culture amidst the
challenges of operating in hyper-competitive markets, propose a set of Key Performance
Indicators (KPIs) that could effectively measure the impact of these cultural interventions. (5
Marks)
3b. How should these KPIs be aligned with the company’s long-term objectives to ensure
sustainable organizational growth and employee engagement and well-being? (5 Marks)
Performance Management System
June 2024 Examination
1. Ankita is working at Ojhas Limited which is a chain of retail stores specialization in
women apparels, jewellery, bags and shoes. Ankita works as a Sales Executive at the Store
and her performance has been rated as ‘good’ in the past 3 years. Since the past 6 months
her performance has fallen drastically. Assume you are the manager of Ankita. Using the
Different Phases of Performance Counselling process, how would you go about helping
Ankita to improve her elements performance.
Nakshatra Services is a finance company that was established in 2023. The company
provides credit cards to Indian citizens at a nominal charge. Assume you are the manager at
Nakshatra Services. Prepare an incentive scheme for a Credit Card sales employee using the
Taylorian System covering number of credit cards sold as a piece rate system. (10 Marks)
2. You are working as Manager – Human Resources in a food processing company. The
company has its headquarters in Banglaore and factories in Kolkatta, Chennai, Noida and
Pune. Prepare the HR Scorecard for this company covering the four perspectives of the HR
Scorecard. (10 Marks)
3. Prepare 2 performance objectives each using the SMART principles for the following job
profiles.
a. Business Analyst in the IT company. (5 Marks)
b. Sales Manager in a Real Estate company. (5 Marks)

 

 

Services Marketing
June 2024 Examination
1. You have a retail store. There are various kinds of products that you have. It includesconsumer
durables, groceries, and clothes. You have been operating in an offline mode.
With increasing customers moving online, you intend to catch up to that trend. How will
you build your online brand? (10 Marks)
2.You intend to start a sandwich store. What are the possible challenges that you can
possibly face, while you are creating an offering – Product, Price, Place, Promotion,
Physical evidence, process, and people. (10 Marks)
3. ABCD is a coaching academy for IIT students. However, with more coaching
institutions growing and online options coming, prospective students are not opting for
your services. You are receiving negative reviews about your company recently and
customer services is poor.
a. How will you build a positive image about your brand? (5 marks)
b. How will you improve your customer service? (5 marks)

 

Marketing Research
June 2024 Examination
1. You are the marketing director of Alpha motors your organization wants to launch a range
of EV’s. Your company wants to conduct market research to establish customer needs and
expectations prepare a research plan. Mention TG, Priority markets, research hypotheses in
the plan along with success benchmarks for your research. (10 Marks)
2. “Understanding TG is critical for marketing success” Prove or disprove this hypothesis by
applying the 4 P’s of marketing for the company Alpha motors mentioned in question no 1.
(10 Marks)
3. Your company is planning to launch a new range of soaps targeted to the Indian family.
The category is cluttered with many similar products in such a scenario:
a. Define the TG and markets you shall target give justifications for your selection, why do
you think target grouping is so important in market research. How will you target consumers
differentiate your product with competition? (5 Marks)
b. Create a 10 question questionnaire to conduct primary research in the target consumers,
which sampling techniques would you use? Justify your reasons. (5 Marks)

Digital Marketing
June 2024 Examination
You are a digital marketing specialist working for a growing e-commerce company that
specializes in selling organic skincare products.
The e-commerce company, named “EcoGlow Skincare,” was founded with a mission to offer
high-quality skincare solutions that prioritize both effectiveness and environmental
sustainability. Established by a team of skincare enthusiasts and environmental advocates,
EcoGlow Skincare aims to revolutionize the beauty industry by providing consumers with
access to natural, eco-friendly alternatives to traditional skincare products.
Product Portfolio:
EcoGlow Skincare offers a diverse range of organic skincare products formulated with
responsibly sourced, cruelty-free ingredients. The company’s product portfolio includes
cleansers, moisturizers, serums, masks, and specialized treatments, all designed to nourish and
rejuvenate the skin while minimizing environmental impact. Additionally, EcoGlow Skincare
recently introduced a new line of environmentally-friendly sunscreen lotions, which are free
from harmful chemicals and reef-safe, catering to consumers who prioritize sun protection
without compromising on sustainability.
Values and Commitments:
At the core of EcoGlow Skincare’s ethos are values of transparency, integrity, and
environmental stewardship. The company is committed to sourcing ingredients ethically,
utilizing sustainable packaging materials, and minimizing its carbon footprint throughout the
production and distribution process. EcoGlow Skincare actively supports initiatives aimed at
preserving natural habitats and reducing plastic waste, reflecting its dedication to fostering a
healthier planet for future generations.
Market Positioning:
EcoGlow Skincare positions itself as a premium brand within the organic skincare market,
offering products that deliver exceptional results without the use of harsh chemicals or
synthetic additives. The company’s target audience consists of environmentally-conscious
consumers who seek safe, effective skincare solutions aligned with their values of
sustainability and holistic wellness. Through its digital marketing efforts, EcoGlow Skincare
aims to differentiate itself from competitors by emphasizing its commitment to purity,
efficacy, and planet-friendly practices.
Distribution Channels:
In addition to its e-commerce platform, EcoGlow Skincare distributes its products through
select retail partners that share its values and commitment to sustainability. The company also
participates in trade shows, wellness events, and pop-up shops to engage directly with
consumers and raise awareness about its brand and product offerings. However, the primary
focus remains on expanding its online presence and leveraging digital marketing channels to
reach a wider audience of skincare enthusiasts globally.
EcoGlow Skincare is not currently heavily involved in the digital space and has been reserved
to enter. They hire you as a consultant in the Digital Marketing space.
1. Explain ways through which you will promote EcoGlow Skincare online. Elaborate on the
campaign. (10 Marks)
2. Explain the ASCOR Digital Marketing Model framework for the brand EcoGlow Skincare.
(10 Marks)
3a. How will you convince the management to go ahead with digital marketing of the
products? Also, share the difference between traditional and modern marketing. (5 Marks)
3b. At an organizational level, what are the various challenges that you will face in
introducing and establishing Internet Marketing for the EcoGlow Skincare products? (5
Marks)

 

Advanced Supply Chain Management
June 2024 Examination
Q1. Sourcing strategies used by Maruti helped it in lower down its costs to the tune of
approximately Rs. 60 crores and improve the delivery time by 20 per cent. Discuss how
sourcing could have helped Maruti in efficient procurement processes. (10 Marks)
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Q2. Designing a distribution network is a systematic process that involves a number of steps.
Discuss these steps in detail with relevant FMCG industry examples. (10 Marks)
Q3. Mega Electronic Limited supplies electronic components to various TV manufacturers.
In the year 2022 the cost of goods sold by Mega Electronic was Rs.240 crores. The company
was in a very bad shape with huge accumulated losses. After an in-depth study the
management found its different process and technologies was not correctly aligning the
capabilities of its supply chain with its business strategies. The company carried an average
inventory of Rs.60 crore and it was estimated the cost of capital as 10%, storage cost was 7%
and risk cost was 6% per unit per annum of inventory. Mega Electronic created a task force to
examine the different supply chain drivers and improve its utilization. In the next financial
year, 2023, the cost of goods sold remained the same but the company, due to various
improvement initiatives undertaken, was able to increase its inventory turnover by 3 times of
what it had achieved in the year 2022.
a. Calculate the savings achieved by Mega Electronic Limited through its improvement
initiatives. (5 Marks)
b. Discuss some 5 different parameters Mega Electronics Limited can use for measuring its
performance of its supply chain. (5 Marks)
Digital Payments
June 2024 Examination
1. Discuss the evolution, applications, and security concerns surrounding Near Field
Communication (NFC) technology, highlighting its impact on modern society. Provide examples
of NFC-enabled devices and industries benefiting from its adoption. Assess the potential future
advancements and challenges for NFC technology. (10 Marks)
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2. Discuss the impact of major cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum on traditional
banking systems, regulatory frameworks, and emerging trends in decentralized finance. Evaluate
the prospects and risks associated with widespread adoption of cryptocurrencies, considering
factors such as scalability, security, and regulatory compliance. (10 Marks)
3. XYZ Company, a medium-sized retail business in utilities, recently decided to transition from
traditional cash-based transactions to digital payments. This decision was driven by the
increasing demand for contactless payment options from customers and the desire to streamline
financial operations.
a. Discuss the factors that motivated XYZ Company to shift towards digital payments. Analyze
the benefits and potential drawbacks of adopting digital payment systems for businesses like
XYZ Company. (5 Marks)
b. Evaluate how the shift to digital payments may impact XYZ Company’s customer base.
Discuss strategies for XYZ Company to enhance the customer experience during the transition
to digital payments. (5 Marks)
Employee Development & Talent Management
June 2024 Examination
1. Twice a year, Zenith Corp. buzzed with excitement. “Switch Up” day meant swapping jobs!
Tushar, the careful number cruncher, got opportunity to development advertising content for the
company. Sheel, the sales whiz, got to try her hands at data analysis. At first, they were scared.
But Tushar’s words clicked, and Sheel uncovered sales secrets. Soon, “Switch Back” came.
Tushar, got a new perspective towards accounting. Sheel with the analysed data in her mind,
closed deals like magic! Zenith, once stuck in its ways, benefitted from these new perspectives of
new roles. They learned the best way to grow was to leap out of their comfort zones. Many
organizations use multiple ways of employee development and empowerment. In light of the
above case, please discuss Job enlargement, Job rotation and transfers as a way of employee
development. What are the potential drawbacks of job rotation and transfers? (10
Marks)
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2. Tech Titans, a booming software firm. Lately the firm has started to lose it’s market value in
the stock market. Mr. Bala, the founder, aging, nearing retirement was not able to announce a
successor yet. In fact, there was complete silence about who will be taking over once Bala retires.
As per his last interview with a business magazine, he was planning to shift to his native for a
peaceful life. This was putting his employees in a dilemma about the future of the company, his
second line was feeling low on morale due to lack of clarity. In light of this case, please elaborate
on improper succession planning and communication gap as hurdles in employee development in
an organization. (10 Marks)
3. Sakshi Mitisha is the owner of a mid-size boutique in a big city. With many high profile and
celebrity clients she does not get a lot of time to get into administrative improvement of the
boutique. But when her master tailor announced to quit on her suddenly one day, she was left
baffled in the middle of upcoming wedding season. Rafique her oldest tailor told her that he has
been feeling dissatisfied with his growth in the company. Mitisha realised that this may be the
result of the latest incentive she offered to her counter sales staff and them treating the boutique
staff from the money. Mitisha realises that she has been too haphazard about any bonuses or
increments in the staff salaries and wants to work out a consistent process for incentives and
increments. Please answer the following questions based on this information. (10 Marks)
3a. What conditions must Mitisha keep in mind for designing a performance management
process? (5 Marks)
3b. Highlight the significance of a performance management system in any organization. (5
Marks)
Business: Ethics, Governance & Risk
June 2024 Examination
Note: This assignment is application based, you have to apply what you have learnt in this
subject into real life scenario. You will find most of the information through internet search and
the remaining from your common sense. None of the questions or answers appear directly in the
textbook chapters but are based on the concepts and content covered in the chapters or live
sessions, directly or indirectly.
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1. “Business should provide goods and services in a manner that is sustainable and safe.” Prepare
an executive summary (in your own words) to showcase how the company is delivering on this
Principle 2 of the National Guidelines on Responsible Business Conduct (NGRBC) from the
Business Responsibility & Sustainability Report – 2022-23 (BRSR) of a company of your choice.
Choose any ONE listed company from the BSE/NSE list of top
100 companies by market capitalization. You must mention the name of the selected company
and include the weblink to its BRSR. (You may also refer to the company website or its
sustainability report for additional information on this principle and its indicators) DO NOT copy
paste. (10 Marks)
2. Go through the ‘Corporate Governance’ section in the annual report (FY2022-23) of the
company selected in Q1 and prepare an analytical write up (in your own words) on its corporate
governance philosophy, each board member’s profile analysis in terms of whether they are
executive, non-executive, or non-executive & independent, their skillsets/ competencies, the
committees they are a part of in this company and their other board positions outside of this
company. Conclude with your analysis/insights about the contribution that these board members
make to their fiduciary duty of care and diligence as
‘trustees of social wealth’ on the board of this listed company. (You must go through their
profiles as given on the company’s website in ‘investor’ section for additional relevant
information). You must mention the name of the company and include the weblink to its annual
report 2022-23. (10 Marks)
3. You are a sales manager in a mid-size IT company selling IT hardware. The purchase manager
for a large company agrees to give you an order of Rs. 50 lakh (their first order with you) on the
condition that you will agree to make a Rs. 50,000 donation to his favorite charity (NGO) that is
supporting a local youth sports team being managed and trained by his wife.
a. What according to you is/are the ethical dilemma/s in this situation? (5 Marks)
b. Explain the step wise process of how will you handle this situation? (5 Marks)
International Logistics & Supply Chain Management
June 2024 Examination
Q1. An international athleisure brand is planning its foray in the Indian market but is unsure
of whether to begin by importing its range of athleisure wear in India from its contract
manufacturers located outside India or contracting a domestic Indian manufacturer to produce
& supply its range of athleisure wear. Help the company in its supply chain planning &
suggest a supply chain strategy for its Indian foray. (10 marks)
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Q2. An Indian manufacturer of copper wires wants to expand into international markets by
exporting to two countries, Saudi Arabia & Qatar. Explain the various factors to be considered
in planning the logistics for the exports expansion, and suggest the appropriate choice of
logistics strategy (in-house / 3PL / 4PL etc.) for the same. (10 marks)
Q3. An Indian chemical manufacturing company has been facing stiff competition in the
domestic market from imports. While there is strong demand for the product, cheaper
imports from other countries such China, USA and Thailand, have limited the growth potential
for the company. The company is therefore exploring sourcing its products from several lowcost suppliers based
in these
countries.
a. Identify the key factors the company must consider for procurement from these countries?
How can it organize its international procurement function to ensure smooth procurement on a
regular basis? (5 marks)
b. Explain the role of government agencies in such international procurement. What related
procedural aspects will the company have to handle additionally for such international
procurement? (5 marks)
International HR Practices
June 2024 Examination
Q1. Spice Agrofoods, a Delhi-based food processing company, is venturing into the
French market by establishing a distribution center in Paris. The company plans to relocate a
team of 25 logistics and marketing professionals from India and 2 from Spain. As the HR
Manager, design pre-departure and post-arrival training programs for the team. Additionally,
identify and discuss the top three challenges you foresee after the team’s movement to France.
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Question:
What pre-departure and post-arrival training programs would you plan for the team relocating
from India and Spain to France for Spice Agro foods? Also, what are the top three challenges
you foresee after the movement is completed? (10 Marks)
Q2. Global Logistics Corporation (GLC), headquartered in Singapore, stands as a prominent
logistics company that has recently extended its reach to 50 countries, spanning across Asia,
Southeast Asia, the United Arab Emirates, Australia, and other regions. The company’s
leadership is currently in the process of unifying performance management policies across all
its international offices to ensure uniformity and efficiency. In your role as an HR head, you
have been entrusted with the responsibility of identifying potential issues and challenges that
the HR department might encounter during the implementation of a standardized performance
management system across these 50 nations.
Question:
What are the primary issues and challenges that the HR department might face in the
development and execution of a standardized performance management system across 50
nations for Global Logistics Corporation? Discuss in detail. (10 Marks)
Q3. XYZ Tech Solutions, a software development company based in Bangalore, India, has
recently secured a significant contract with a tech giant in Silicon Valley, USA. The contract
requires XYZ Tech Solutions to establish a dedicated team in San Francisco to work closely
with the client. The team needs to include 3 software developers, 2 project managers, 1
cybersecurity specialist, and 1 client liaison officer. XYZ Tech Solutions is keen on hiring
local talent to adapt to the Silicon Valley work culture and comply with local regulations. As
an HR consultant, you are tasked with addressing the key challenges and considerations in
recruiting, selecting, and managing the local team in San Francisco.
Question:
a) What are the Challenges and Considerations in Recruiting and Selecting a Local Team in
San Francisco? (5 Marks)
b) Considering the global nature of XYZ Tech Solutions and its endeavor to establish a team
in San Francisco, what key factors should HR take into account when managing this local
team? (5 Marks)
IT Security and Risk Management
June 2024 Examination
1. Differentiate between vulnerabilities, threats, and countermeasures in information security.
How do organizations identify and address vulnerabilities? Illustrate how a firewall plays an
important role in protecting networks from unauthorized access. (10 Marks)
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2. Explain the importance of security awareness training for employees within an organization.
How can a strong security awareness culture contribute to mitigating cybersecurity risks?
Discuss the role of employees in maintaining the security of information systems and the potential
consequences of a lack of security awareness among staff members. (10 Marks)
3. A multinational e-commerce company, E-ShopX, is preparing for its annual flash sale event,
which attracts millions of online shoppers. As a cybersecurity analyst hired by E-ShopX, you are
tasked with ensuring the security of the company’s systems and infrastructure during this critical
period.
Malicious Code Incident:
a. Scenario: On the eve of the flash sale, several customers report unusual behavior on the E-
ShopX website, such as unexpected redirects, pop-up ads, and slow performance
As the cybersecurity analyst, how would you investigate the reported incidents to determine if the
website has been compromised by malicious code? Outline the steps you would take to identify,
isolate, and mitigate the malicious code to ensure the security and integrity of the website for the
upcoming flash sale. (5 Marks)
b. Scenario: As the flash sale approaches, E-ShopX becomes a prime target for cyberattacks,
including denial of service (DoS) attacks aimed at disrupting the website’s availability and
causing financial losses.
As the cybersecurity analyst, what proactive measures would you implement to protect E-
ShopX’s systems and infrastructure from potential denial of service (DoS) attacks during the flash
sale event? Describe the strategies and technologies you would deploy to detect, mitigate, and
respond to DoS attacks in real-time to ensure uninterrupted service for online shoppers. (5
Marks)
Managing Business Process Outsourcing
June 2024 Examination
1. Your company, Acme Inc., is considering outsourcing its customer service department to a
BPO provider in another country. You are the project manager responsible for selecting the best
BPO partner. What key areas will you assess in your due diligence process? What specific steps
will you take to gather information? (10 Marks)
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2. Describe the key factors a company should consider when developing a capability sourcing
strategy. (10 Marks)
3. BBC stands for the British Broadcasting Corporation, is a public service broadcaster which is
headquartered in London. It is the world’s oldest and largest broadcasting company. It is
recognised under the Royal Charter and operates for state for Culture, Media and Sport. It is
often referred as ‘the Beeb’ by UK audiences. It has another nickname also, i.e. ‘Auntie’.
Therefore, the two names may be clubbed together to be called as ‘Auntie Beeb’.
The BBC is a productive, extremely capable company which has won many awards for the
outsourcing business. It serves a number of facilities like business process outsourcing,
information technology, facilities management and serving the clients as per their needs. It
generates the maximum customer centric vision so as to achieve maximum value to the company.
According to Dave Wyer, Strategic Supplier Development Manager, Outsourcing Yearbook
2015, BBC has ranked best in outsourcing relationships. However, BBC faces some challenges
also. The organisation thinks although it is best in outsourcing the business solutions, it lacks
behind in many other contracts. In spite of information technology, more services need to be
provided such as cloud, robotics, multi channel, single sourced, multi sourced, etc. Therefore, to
achieve this, intelligent and proactive management of services are needed. The company always
looks for collaboration with existing partners to innovate new technologies and methods.
However, this scenario can sometimes become complex due to market conditions which makes it
difficult to smoothly execute all operations together. In addition to this, the license fee is also
fixed which makes the task difficult due to the fixed income stream.
Dave Wyer says, ‘if you are expanding the outsourcing with multiple suppliers, then eac of it is
adding a certain risk with the value to the organisation’. Therefore, all these risks must be
identified and monitored clearly for their occurrence. Another factor for eveloping the risk is due
to the value leakage, which everyone tries in the organisation to mitigate throughout the life
cycle of the contract. Hence, so as to avoid this, close attention is needed at all stages of the
business by all the members of the organisation involved in it.
To deal with all kinds of related risks, a forum has been developed alled ‘The STAR Forum’. The
BBC STAR Forum is an organisation-wide group dealing with the bringing of all contract
managers and the sponsors under a common roof, so as to have a clear vision of the business like
what is going on in the business, etc. i.e. the complete inside and outside details of the business
outsourcing deals. This forum meet is organised quarterly and attended by all the senior
management people and board executives also.
This approach exemplifies the barriers and risks of the BB’s strategic decisions for the business
and thereby improves the value for the organisation. It builds more partnership opportunities for
the company by engaging the staff efficiently with the designed strategy. Using the forum, robust
communication links provide the BBC management to perform portfolio analysis for risks and
develop the plan as per the risk for the removal from the system.
a. While achieving success, the BBC also faces challenges. Based on the information provided,
identify two key challenges faced by the BBC in its outsourcing endeavors and explain their
potential impact. (5 Marks)
b. Explain how the STAR Forum, as described in the case study, helps address the challenges
faced by the BBC in its outsourcing strategy. (5 Marks)
Research Methodology
June 2024 Examination
1. One of the newly opened Gym in your area trying to understand what type of exercise is
preferred by people these Days, how often they do their exercise and do they really enjoy it or
they do just for the sake of doing. Which research design is most suitable for this situation?
Write research proposal for this situation. (10 Marks)
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2. You are a HR manager in one of the major IT company. Design an experimental study to
look into the factors that affect employee churn in the IT firm, with an emphasis on HR
initiatives to lower attrition. Develop a design of experiment of this study keeping
independent, dependent and extraneous variables into consideration. How you will apply
control in this experimental research. Explain the variables and steps. (10 Marks)
3. During pandemic Zepto has emerged as a major Quick commerce market in Mumbai;
however; after the entry of Swiggy’s Instamart and Zomato’s Blinkit the market has become
highly competitive. The market has been changing with respect to consumer preferences,
market trends and consumer choices for apps.
a. Classify and distinguish the specific purposes for which Zepto may be able to use research
effectively. Write down the problem statement and operational definition of this research. (5
Marks)
b. Develop a questionnaire to study consumer preference for most preferred q-commerce app.
(5 Marks)
Strategic HRM
June 2024 Examination
1. You are a human resources manager at a medium-sized company. Your company is
considering implementing a new approach to managing its workforce, and the executives are
interested in understanding the differences between Strategic Human Resource Management
(SHRM) and traditional Human Resource Management (HRM). They have asked you to
provide a detailed explanation, including the key distinctions, advantages, and potential
challenges of each approach.? (10 Marks)
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2. Name two organizations that have merged with another firm in the recent past. Discuss the
reasons for the merger. What HR challenges did these firms confront as a result of mergers?
Were the firms successful in managing these challenges? Do you think there were better ways
of approaching these issues? Describe them. (10 Marks)
3. Mitosense Corporation is a multinational company operating in the technology sector. Over
the past few years, the company has experienced rapid growth, expanding its operations to
new markets and increasing its workforce significantly. However, with this growth came
challenges related to human resource management, particularly in the areas of recruitment,
retention, and employee development.
Mitosense Corporation is facing difficulties in attracting and retaining top talent in a
competitive market. Despite offering competitive salaries and benefits, the company is
struggling to fill key positions, especially in its research and development (R&D) department.
The HR department is under pressure to find innovative ways to attract qualified candidates
and reduce the time-to-fill for vacant positions. Employee turnover has been increasing at
Mitosense Corporation, particularly among younger employees. The company’s exit surveys
indicate that many employees are leaving due to a lack of career development opportunities
and a perceived lack of work-life balance. The HR department needs to develop strategies to
improve employee retention and engagement, including implementing mentoring programs
and flexible work arrangements. Mitosense Corporation recognizes the importance of
investing in employee development to stay competitive. However, the company’s training
programs are outdated and not aligned with the needs of its workforce. The HR department
needs to revamp its training and development initiatives to ensure they are relevant, engaging,
and accessible to all employees, including remote workers.
Questions
a. How can the HR department reduce the time-to-fill for vacant positions without
compromising on the quality of hires? (5 Marks)
b. What steps can Mitosense Corporation take to improve career development
opportunities for its employees? (5 Marks)
World Class Operations
June 2024 Examination
1. You are the Maintenance Manager of a Pump manufacturer and have launched their TPM
Program. Explain the concept of 5S and why it is the foundation of TPM. What are some of the
benefits you expect from this TPM initiative? (10 Marks)
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2. Global Manufacturing firms in diverse sectors such as Automotive (Toyota, Daimler),
Electronics (Apple, Phillips), Appliances (Kohler, Black & Decker), etc., are highly reputed for
their unflinching commitment to Quality. In this context, briefly explain the key factors that are
part of Quality. (10 Marks)
3. a. Quality Awards act as motivation for the companies to carry on with world class standards in
manufacturing. Discuss the difference between National and International Awards. (5 Marks)
3. b. With reference to Quality Awards, what are the Deming Criteria for Performance Excellence
in assessing the award? (5 Marks)

 

 

Business Economics
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Complete the given table by showing the calculation/Steps for marginal utility. Also,
enumerate the relationship between Total utility and marginal Utility. (10 Marks)
Shirt ( units )
Total Utility
Marginal Utility
1
22
2
43
3
63
4
81
5
97
6
111
7
123
8
133
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Q2. Anika is working in “Footon ltd Company” that manufactures formal and informal shoes
for both men and women. It is observed that for the last few years, the sales figures are
fluctuating and there are no vivid reason for the same. Anika’s manager have asked her to
prepare a short notes on the importance of forecasting .Also her manager wants to know if
implementing sales force composite and Delphi method can be useful for their Organisation?
(10 Marks)
Q3a. “For a business owner, knowing their cost of production is a vital step in creating and
maintaining a profitable business. “With reference to the above statement explain Business
Cost, Opportunity cost and Social cost with example (5 Marks)
Q3b. “Economies of scale are cost advantages reaped by companies when production
becomes efficient “With reference to the given statement explain what do you understand by
Economies of scale and elaborate on any two types of Economies of scale.
(5 Marks)
Enterprise Resource Planning
April 2024 Examination
Read the case study – ‘SynGenta Pharma experiences ERP troubles’ and answer the
following questions:
https://adhocfilesngasce.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/academics/1697870452rFTlm.pdf
1. Explain the reasons for SynGenta Pharma moving from the legacy system to the new ERP
environment. Was the timing of this decision correct? (10 marks)
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2. Analyze the reasons for the failure of the ERP implementation from a risk management
perspective. (10 marks)
3. Keeping the above case as a reference,
a. Compare and contrast between On-Premise vs. On-cloud ERP deployment. Integration of
Supply Chain Management (SCM) with the ERP. (5 marks)
b. Integration of Supply Chain Management (SCM) with the ERP. (5 marks)
Essentials of HRM
April 2024 Examination
1. Explain the appraisal method you would recommend that would be more effective for the
hourly employees? Explain any one or two specific appraisal methods for the delivery driver
position and discuss why the specific method would be useful? (10 Marks)
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2. Explain how realistic job previews (RJPs) operate. As a manager or business owner, would
you use them? (10 Marks)
3. Sakshi, former senior vice president of human resources for Turbo International, took over
her job just after numerous charges forced the company’s previous board of directors and top
executives to leave the firm. Hired by new CEO Eshan Bhatt, Sakshi had to tackle numerous
difficult problems starting the moment she assumed office. For example, she had to help hire
a new management team. She had to do something about what the outside world viewed as a
culture of questionable ethics at her company. And she had to do something about the
company’s top-management compensation plan, which many felt contributed to the
allegations by some that some former company officers had used the company as a sort of
private ATM.
Sakshi came to Turbo after a very impressive career. For example, she had been the head of
executive compensation at Allied Signal, and was a graduate of the Harvard Business School.
But, as strong as her background was, she obviously had her work cut out for her when she
took the senior vice president of HR position at Turbo
a. What human resource management-related steps did Sakshi take to help get Turbo back on
the right track? (5 Marks)
b. What, if anything might you have done differently if you had been in Ms. Sakshi’s
position? (5 Marks)
Financial Accounting & Analysis
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Prachi Industries purchased a land worth 2 crores, office fixtures and furniture worth Rs
50 lakhs. Five years back the company has purchased an investment property for Rs 5 crores
out of which today they disposed of 20% of the property, at a realizable value of Rs
3 crores. As a consultant to the company discuss as per the needs of corporate reporting the
nature of these items, how the above items needs to be presented and disclosed in the
corporate financial statement. (10 Marks)
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Q2. Ms. Shravani , our accounts manager, is responsible for overseeing financial activities at
Mogra Enterprises. She ensures accurate bookkeeping and compliance with accounting
assumptions. Her junior executive is confused about how the various accounting assumptions
plays a vital role in accounting. Further she wants Ms Shravani to help her in understanding
the difference between the accounting period assumption and separate entity assumption,
Discuss how (you being) Ms. Shravani would like to explain all these in simple terms.
(10 Marks)
Q3. Perform the common Size analysis for the year (5*2—-10 Marks)
a. 2021 b. 2022
Statements of Income
2021
2022
Operating revenues
9,56,690 9,12,813
Operating expenses
Personnel
1,13,433 1,32,080
Fuel
1,28,076 1,00,058
Purchased power
1,54,910 1,34,488
Depreciation
1,44,622 1,56,469
Maintenance
92,717 86,261
Taxes other than income taxes
63,266 63,220
Purchased services
38,392 35,948
Other
1,01,513 1,04,850
8,36,929 8,13,374
Operating income
1,19,761 99,439
Other expenses (income):
Interest expense
36,727 36,771
Interest income
( 61)
( 82)
Loss on impairment of fixed assets 4,089
0
Other, net
4,325
1,556
45,080 38,245
Income before special item and
income taxes
74,681 61,194
Special item:
Reserve for drought
1,747
712
Provision for income taxes:
Current
25,061 28,457
Deferred
1,374
(7,504)
Net income
46,499 39,529
Financial Institutions and Markets
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Ms. Vijaya, after completing her graduation, has recently joined a bank. With a steady
income now and good growth prospects for her career, she intends to save regularly and
increase the amount of savings gradually over the years. Her colleagues in the bank have
advised her investing in Mutual Funds (MFs), as a suitable option for her. However, Ms. Vijaya
is not at all familiar with MFs .You are required to help her with basic information on MF ,the
various types of MF and why should she be investing through mutual fund? Prepare a detailed
answer for her queries. (10 Marks)
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Q2. Mr. Rajiv Kumar, after completing his MBA from a prestigious management institute, has
joined the treasury department of a leading Indian bank in Mumbai. He is assigned to the team
responsible for managing the day-to-day liquidity of the bank. Explain in detail the need for
liquidity management in banks and explain any three money market instrument. (10 marks)
Q.3 (a) LMH Ltd. has floated an Investment Company. You are appointed as the manager to
spread the investment in secondary market. In order to initiate these investments, explain the
steps that you will follow in the trading mechanism in the secondary market. (5 Marks)
Q.3 (b). “State intervention is vital for any economic progress of a nation” In view of the above
statement highlight the importance of state intervention in Indian context. (5 marks)
Information Systems for Managers
April 2024 Examination
1. Goodwill Bakery has now its several branches across different cities in India. This
bakery has started a small shop in New Delhi and then expanded their bakery business
across several states of the Country. Initially, when they started, they have appointed
different personnels to keep a track of products sold, orders given and inventory required.
With the expansion of business in different cities, Goodwill Bakery are now finding it
difficult to manage/ track the details at national level and to get an overview of product
details across all stores of various cities. They contacted a solution providing firm to get
solution of the same and were told to shift their business to Cloud wherein, all the
operations of different stores can be monitored/detailed out very easily. Discuss how
shifting/migrating to Cloud technology will help Goodwill Bakery to smoothen up the
process of monitoring details from one location for other stores across various cities. Also,
discuss which types of cloud and cloud services will be suitable for Goodwill bakery. (10
marks)
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2. The E-Business platform is booming a lot these days. Almost all individuals have
accepted the E-Commerce technology for their daily requirements. Most of the retailers
have joined hands with various E-commerce Companies for selling their products. Discuss
how the retailers are getting benefitted by choosing these e- commerce platforms. Which
type of sellers are being benefitted most by choosing the e-commerce platform (Explain
with help of some Statistics) and will the e- commerce technology will see the downfall?
Discuss your views for all the above points by choosing any one E-Commerce platform as
an example. (10 marks)
3. Saviant Technology Solutions is new IT Company with the motive of providing
solutions to different Organisations by catering to their specific product requirements. This
Company has received the Project Development Task which is not much Complex in
nature and the requirements are also to some extent clear. As a new venture, this
organization is not fully aware of the different vulnerabilities and threats to the data of
the Organization. Considering the above scenarios, discuss the following:
a) Discuss the various threats and vulnerabilities related to Saviant Technology. Also,
explain what are the security measures need to be adopted by Saviant Technology
Solutions for avoiding the threats. (5 marks)
b) Explain which Software Development Life Cycle model needs to be implemented by
Saviant Technology Solutions for development of the Project stated in the above Scenario.
(5 marks)
NMIMS Global Access
School for Continuing Education (NGA-SCE)
Course: Management Theory and Practice
Internal Assignment Applicable for April 2024 Examination
Q1. Using Hofstede’s 5 dimensions, can you help Lalit Hotels to open their new branch in
Dubai, UAE. Guide them about the cultural differences they need to keep in mind?
(10 Marks)
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Q2. As a management trainer to a startup dealing with chipsets, can you explain 6 box
organizational model and its role in helping them design their organizational structure?
(10 Marks)
Q3. Hortons Ltd has been facing many loses, losing clients and want to modernize
themselves using modern techniques and have hired you as a consultant for the same. Can
you explain the following concepts to them and how will they help them modernize a rubber
manufacturing business like theirs
a. 5S Framework (5 Marks)
b. Lean Production (5 Marks)
Marketing Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Citing from your own practical experience, which are the factors, which are
important in the retail scenario for a product in a supermarket to sell?
(10 Marks)
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Q2. How would you go about starting your own business, which would be an exclusive
cake, cookies and biscuits store and ensure its success? (10 Marks)
Q3. Case Study
The luxury carmaker is focusing on technology, digital platforms and below-the-line
activities to drive sales.
Every carmaker has marketing principles and brand attributes that they leverage to get
better connected with their customers. Think reliability and engineering for Honda, low
cost of ownership and maintenance for Maruti Suzuki and sporty driving for BMW.
For Audi India, its Strategy 2025 black book includes the following: Customer-centricity,
network, product, and digitalization. These operating principles started some six years ago,
and could be said to largely apply to other luxury carmakers, but Audi’s strategy seems to
point to pushing technology to directly connect with consumers using digital platforms and
marketing to synchromesh into one seamless experience.
Balbir Dhillon, Audi India head, said he’s especially throwing his weight behind customer
connection, with half the marketing budget dedicated to below-the-line activities this year.
That includes organizing regular “Quattro drives” for customers across cities; get-togethers
that blend experiences such as movie driven-ins for the latest James Bond film and more.
Quattro is an Italian word trademarked by Audi as code for indicating that it uses all-wheel
drive systems in some of its cars. There’s also a significant digital push that Audi will
unveil this year, which is in the last stages of finalization.
Meanwhile, Audi offers concierge services through an ownership app called MyAudi that
allows customers to avail of service that range from booking restaurants to flying overseas
and renting car. Audi, Dhillon added, has also been the first brand to use augmented reality
and virtual reality at the retail customers level. Audi has 29 showrooms, 41 service centers
and 14 Audi Approved Plus (pre-owned car) facilities. The brand is looking to increase the
latter substantially in 2022.
Audi, like Mercedes, has seen prices increase, resulting in greater profits, thanks to a
supply crunch driven by a global shortage of chips. “We could sell two times what we did
if it wasn’t for the chip shortage,” Dhillon added. Of the top four luxury carmakers that
include market leader Mercedes-Benz, BMW and Audi, the Volkswagen-owned brand that
features four rings as its logo has the smaller market share, but is also the company that
came here last, in 2007.
Recent figures indicate that its sales are on an uptick after a particularly depressed 2020.
Sales for the brand were: 4,594 cars in 2019, 1,639 in 2020 and 3,293 in 2021. Why did
Audi see such a sharp slump in 2020? Analysts who track the sector suggested that the
consumer market was aware that Audi was going to phase out BS IV cars by March 2022
and that may have led them to switch to other cars, though they were already up to
regulatory standards. When Audi first entered India, it had to focus on a part-education and
part heavy marketing strategy for an audience that was largely familiar with only BMW
and Mercedes-Benz. To that end, it built a halo round itself by deploying celebrities and
actors as brand ambassadors. Most of Bollywood drove Q5s and Q7s at one stage with
Salman Khan even making it down to launch events for Andi’s sportier sedans-something
he historically avoided.
Suraj Ghosh, associate director (powertrain & compliance forecasts), South Asia IHS
Markit, said Audi India has smaller product portfolio and a smaller network footprint than
its competitors. Increasing the degree of localization will allow it to avail of taxation
benefits and be more competitive in its pricing. The company said its cars, which are
assembled here, are looking to target between 80 and 85 per cent local content for the Audi
A4, A6, 05 and Q7.
But that’s only part of the challenge. What’s changed for Audi in the last five years is the
consumer profile. In terms of general consumers, many of its cars were owned mostly by
business people and CEOs. For instance, ICICI Banks former boss Chanda Kochhar drove
an A8 sedan, as did Godrej. “What has changed is that a lot of mid-level and emerging
professionals are also buying Audi cars now, and while it used to be real professionals and
traders that drove volumes, that’s not the case anymore,” Dhillion pointed out.
Buyers today are younger and there is a growing acceptability that it is okay to buy a luxe
car. But the sensibility of ownership amongst young buyers who come from start-up
backgrounds is very different, he added. “They want to buy shoes that are sustainable and
made by companies that are high on ESG (environmental, social, and governance) norms,
so their approach to vehicles is no different,” Audi regularly sees more queries for the
electric range of cars as well as fuel efficiency norms.
Audi India has among the widest range of electric cars (five)-the e-tron 50, e-tron 55, e-
tron Sportback 55, e-tron GT and RSe-tron GT. But the key volume sellers remain the
Audi A4, Audi A6, Audi Q2, Audi Q5 and Audi Q8. In other words, Audi in still very
much a Q-led company in terms of its volumes. Officials said 45 per cent of sales comes
from the Q range. The Q7, a brand new launch for 2022, is expected to be rolled out soon.
Does that mean its electric vehicles are more of a notional offering? Dhillon clarified that
it’s going to make time before the charging network is ready and prices rationalize for EV
sales Cars are already taxed at around 28 per cent and, when it’s an electric car, he
explained, there are duties on components and other imports, so that the company faces “a
duty on a duty”, creating an additional layering that makes its EVs so expensive. For an e-
tron, Dhillion said the duty is around 111 per cent. Add the cost of registration and the
final price “restricts the full potential of the category”. “Even so, when the time is right,
Audi’s next investment is likely to be in EVs,” Dhillon said. “Policy will change some day
and it may be a long wait but Audi is committed to the cause.”
Questions
Q3 a) What is Audis future strategy? What is the name of its digital platform and how
does it plan to leverage this platform? (5 Marks)
Q3 b) What has changed in the customer profiles who own Audi. How has this
demographic profile changed in recent times? (5 Marks)
Operations and Supply Chain Strategies
April 2024 Examination
1. Mr. Goyal holds the position of supply chain manager at OLB Ltd., a company currently
shifting its focus towards manufacturing E scooters. Responding to customer demand, the
company is in the process of building the largest manufacturing facility for E scooters in
India. In this rapidly changing market, the company expects to encounter fierce competition
from various other firms. Your task is to Analyze and suggest a different level of
strategies that can be implemented within the company to enhance overall business
profitability. (10 Marks)
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2. Twiggy is an Indian online food delivery platform that allows users to order food
semiconductor is from nearby restaurants and have it delivered to their doorstep. Online food
ordering and delivery platform Twiggy’s losses rose by 80 percent in the 2022-23 financial
year. Is online delivery future of India? Is online food delivery maturing or declining?
Explain existing situation of online food delivery with respected to industry life cycle. (10
Marks)
3. Pedanta Ltd started manufacturing of semiconductor in Indian Market. The requirement of
huge in the global market and Pedanta Ltd invested huge amount of money on machinery.
Government is encouraging companies to develop, manufacture and assemble products in
India and incentivize dedicated investments into manufacturing.
a. You are appointed as supply chain consultant in the Firm. Suggest important supply
chain drivers that helps Pedanta Ltd to become Global brand. (5 Marks)
b. Enumerate the competitive dimensions required to ensure a productive worldwide
Operations and Supply Chain. (5 Marks)
Organisational Behaviour
April 2024 Examination
1. Scenario: Rohan is a project manager at a software development company. His role
involves interacting with clients, managing his team, and ensuring project deadlines are met.
Rohan is known for his calm and composed demeanor, even in high-pressure situations. He
enjoys the client interactions and finds them energizing. Whenever he feels stressed due to
project complexities, he takes a break to listen to his favorite music or goes for a walk. His
team members often approach him with their problems an appreciate his approachability.
Even when faced with demanding clients who express frustration, Rohan remains patient and
focuses on resolving their concerns.
Question: Based on the information provided, how would you assess Rohan’s personality
using the Big Five personality traits framework? (10 Marks)
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2. Samantha is a newly hired marketing coordinator at a digital advertising agency. She
notices that her team leader, Alex, communicates with clients and colleagues in a very
friendly and encouraging manner. Alex’s positivity and teamwork have contributed to a
cohesive work environment, and Samantha also observes that the team consistently meets
project deadlines. During a period when Alex is on medical leave, Samantha takes over some
of the team lead responsibilities. To her surprise, she finds that by adopting Alex’s approach,
she effectively manages the team and maintains a positive atmosphere. This experience
motivates Samantha to incorporate this approach into her personal life as well. Question: In
this scenario, which theory of learning could be applied to explain Samantha’s behavior
change? Please discuss the theory and its relevance to the situation. (10 Marks)
3. Rohan is sales head for a pharmaceutical company. He has a team of 12 individuals under
him. Rohan feels very sad to state that it isn’t a team but a group of individuals working
under him as they do not show any team spirit. Akhil who is Rohan’s best friend also happens
to be the HR manager. When Rohan shared his concerns with Akhil he asked Rohan to
a) Analyze the problems he (Rohan) is facing in teamwork. (5 Marks)
b) Also, what all methods Akhil can suggest Rohan for creating effective team in his
department? Discuss. (5 Marks)
Procurement Management
April 2024 Examination
Q.1 ProcureLink Enterprises is a medium-sized procurement and supply chain
management company that operates in various industries. The company recognizes the
potential benefits of adopting e-procurement strategies to enhance efficiency, reduce costs,
and streamline procurement processes. However, it is facing challenges in understanding the
evolution of e-procurement, establishing effective pricing and business strategies,
implementing online catalogues, and leveraging online auctions. Describe the evolution of eprocurement,

including its various stages and technological advancements and explain how
understanding this evolution can guide ProcureLink Enterprises in developing a robust
e-procurement strategy. Also, recommend pricing models and business strategies that
ProcureLink Enterprises can adopt to ensure competitiveness and profitability in the e-
procurement marketplace. (10 Marks)
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Q.2 MetroBuild Infrastructures is a construction company specializing in large-scale
infrastructure projects. The company often engages in contracts with government agencies to
build roads, bridges, and public facilities. MetroBuild is challenged with determining
appropriate pricing strategies, managing government influences on pricing, and addressing
the complexities of contract cancellations due to unforeseen circumstances. Evaluate the
factors that MetroBuild should consider when determining pricing for its infrastructure
contracts and propose strategies for MetroBuild to manage and negotiate government
influences on pricing while maintaining a fair and mutually beneficial partnership. Also,
suggest a contingency plan and contractual clauses that MetroBuild should include to mitigate
risks associated with contract cancellations and unexpected project disruptions. (10 Marks)
Q.3 GlobalTronics Ltd. is a multinational electronics company that sources components and
materials from various countries for its manufacturing operations. The company is committed
to upholding ethical standards and complying with relevant laws in its procurement practices.
However, the purchasing team is faced with complex decisions related to international buying
ethics, the legal authority of purchasing managers, and contract law.
a) Explain the legal authority and responsibilities of a purchasing manager and discuss the
importance of ethical considerations in global sourcing decisions for GlobalTronics. (5
Marks)
Now suppose GlobalTronics wants to source a wide range of products from suppliers around
the world and distribute them to various markets. The company is looking to enhance its
global sourcing strategies by improving supplier evaluation methods.
b) Describe different methods of global sourcing that Globaltronics can adopt to procure
products from international suppliers and outline the factors that they should consider when
evaluating potential global suppliers. (5 Marks)
NMIMS Global Access
School for Continuing Education (NGA-SCE)
Course: Project Management
Internal Assignment Applicable for April 2024 Examination
Q1. Using a suitable example discuss the difference between Technical analysis and
Financial analysis of a project. (10 Marks)
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Q2. The “billing department” of a chain of department stores prepares the monthly inventory
report for use by the stores’ purchasing agents. Given the following information, use the
“critical path method” to determine: (10 Marks)
a. How long the process will take.
b. Which jobs can be delayed without delaying the early start of any subsequent activity?
c. Explain how the project can be fast tracked.
Job Job Description
Time
Precedence
(Hours)
requirements
A Start
0
–
B Get computer printouts of customer purchases
10
A
C Get stock records for the month
20
A
D Reconcile purchase printouts and stock records
30
B,C
E
Total stock record by the department
20
B,C
F Determine reorder quantity for the coming period
40
E
G Prepare stock report for purchasing agents
20
D,F
H Finish
0
G
Q3. Rail Vikas Nigam (RVNL) has given Larsen and Toubro Construction (L&T) an
Rs
2,447 crore contract to design and construct the Kolkata underground metro project in
the
city’s
Joka-Esplanade Metro
Corridor.
According to an L&T press statement, the major works for the project include the design
and construction of the Ramp and Underground Metro railway works from Mominpur to
Esplanade, covering a distance of 5.05 km. The works comprise constructing four
underground stations, namely Khidderpore, Victoria, Park Street, and Esplanade, along
with tunnels created using Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) and Cut & Cover methods.
The scope of the contract also includes architectural finishing works, track works, and
other related activities.
(Source: https://www.indianarrative.com/economy-news/rs-2447-crore-project-tobuild-
kolkata-metros-4-underground-stations-goes-to-lt-149218.html)
a. Explain the various characteristics of Kolkata underground metro project. (5 Marks)
b. Discuss in brief the different activities executed during the project life cycle of the
Kolkata underground metro project. (5 Marks)
Service Operations Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Service ‘Engineers’ play in a vital role in designing ‘processes’ in Service Operations.
Explain the three main techniques used to design and evaluate service operations with
reference to a healthcare setup like a hospital/ polyclinic of your choice. (10 Marks)
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Q2. Quality in Service Operations/setup is evaluated on the basis of several factors. Discuss
the various applicable parameters? Elaborate your answer with an example of Fine dine/
multicuisine restaurant of your choice. (10 Marks)
Q3. Discuss the following aspects of service operations in context of any popular/major
Ecommerce delivery provider of your choice.
a.)Explain the concept of Service Design (Blueprinting) during the planning phase of
service operations that ensure that all processes are identified and function efficiently. (5
Marks)
b.) What are the challenges faced by the Service Managers who manage these service
operations? (5 Marks)
Total Quality Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. What would be your objectives for implementing Quality Circle in your work area?
Discuss the composition of your Quality Circle team. (10 Marks)
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Q2. Explain the statement with proper examples “The quality of a product influences the cost
of the product”. (10 Marks)
Q3. Performance measurement is one of the most essential factors of the total quality
initiatives of an organization. It is concerned with managing the result and minimizing the
overall variation in products or process.
a. In your opinion what should be the objectives of an efficient measurement system?
(5 Marks)
b. Discuss Strategic Performance Measurement (5 Marks)

 

 

Business Economics
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Complete the given table by showing the calculation/Steps for marginal utility. Also,
enumerate the relationship between Total utility and marginal Utility. (10 Marks)
Shirt ( units ) Total Utility Marginal Utility
1 22
2 43
3 63
4 81
5 97
6 111
7 123
8 133
Ans 1.
Introduction
Understanding the concept of marginal utility is pivotal in the field of business economics, as
it provides significant insights into consumer behavior and demand theory. Marginal utility
refers to the additional satisfaction or benefit that a consumer derives from consuming an
additional unit of a good or service. This concept is rooted in the fundamental economic
assumption that individuals make decisions to maximize their utility or satisfaction. As
consumers consume more units of a good, their overall satisfaction, known as total utility,
increases. However, the incremental benefit or marginal utility typically decreases with each
professionals approach market dynamics and consumer preferences.
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Q2. Anika is working in “Footon ltd Company” that manufactures formal and informal
shoes for both men and women. It is observed that for the last few years, the sales
figures are fluctuating and there are no vivid reason for the same. Anika’s manager
have asked her to prepare a short notes on the importance of forecasting .Also her
manager wants to know if implementing sales force composite and Delphi method can
be useful for their Organisation?
(10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic business landscape, where companies like “Footon ltd Company” experience
unpredictable fluctuations in sales, the significance of accurate forecasting becomes
paramount. Forecasting, in essence, is the art and science of predicting future trends based on
past and present data. It plays a crucial role in enabling businesses to anticipate market
movements, align resources effectively, and make informed strategic decisions. For a
company that operates in the diverse market of formal and informal footwear for both
genders, understanding and predicting consumer preferences and market trends is essential.
Q3a. “For a business owner, knowing their cost of production is a vital step in creating
and maintaining a profitable business. “With reference to the above statement explain
Business Cost, Opportunity cost and Social cost with example (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the realm of business economics, cost management plays a pivotal role in ensuring the
sustainability and profitability of a business. Costs are not just monetary expenditures but
encompass a broader spectrum of economic sacrifices made for business operations. Business
Cost, Opportunity Cost, and Social Cost are three fundamental concepts that provide a
comprehensive understanding of the economic implications of business decisions. These
Q3b. “Economies of scale are cost advantages reaped by companies when production
becomes efficient “With reference to the given statement explain what do you
understand by Economies of scale and elaborate on any two types of Economies of scale.
(5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Economies of scale are a fundamental concept in business economics, playing a crucial role
in shaping the competitive landscape across various industries. This concept refers to the cost
advantages that businesses experience as their production scale increases. When a company
grows and its output expands, it often enjoys reduced costs per unit of output. This
Financial Accounting & Analysis
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Prachi Industries purchased a land worth 2 crores, office fixtures and furniture
worth Rs 50 lakhs. Five years back the company has purchased an investment property
for Rs 5 crores out of which today they disposed of 20% of the property, at a realizable
value of Rs 3 crores. As a consultant to the company discuss as per the needs of
corporate reporting the nature of these items, how the above items needs to be
presented and disclosed in the corporate financial statement. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The realm of financial accounting and analysis necessitates a meticulous approach to the
classification, presentation, and disclosure of various assets. In the case of Prachi Industries,
the company’s recent financial activities—including the purchase of land, office fixtures,
furniture, and the disposal of a portion of their investment property—highlight the importance
of these principles. This discussion focuses on the treatment of these items in corporate
financial statements. The nature of each asset—whether it’s a tangible fixed asset like land
and office fixtures or an investment property—determines its accounting treatment in terms
of recognition, measurement, and disclosure. The company’s financial statements should not
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Q2. Ms. Shravani , our accounts manager, is responsible for overseeing financial
activities at Mogra Enterprises. She ensures accurate bookkeeping and compliance with
accounting assumptions. Her junior executive is confused about how the various
accounting assumptions plays a vital role in accounting. Further she wants Ms
Shravani to help her in understanding the difference between the accounting period
assumption and separate entity assumption, Discuss how (you being) Ms. Shravani
would like to explain all these in simple terms. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic field of financial accounting, the foundational principles, known as
accounting assumptions, play a crucial role in guiding and standardizing the accounting
practices. At Mogra Enterprises, Ms. Shravani, the accounts manager, stands at the forefront
of implementing these assumptions to ensure the integrity and accuracy of financial reporting.
Among these, the accounting period assumption and the separate entity assumption are
particularly significant. These assumptions not only shape the framework of financial
recording and analysis but also influence decision-making processes within the organization.
Q3. Perform the common Size analysis for the year (5*2—-10 Marks)
a. 2021
b. 2022
Statements of Income
2021 2022
Operating revenues 9,56,690 9,12,813
Operating expenses
Personnel 1,13,433 1,32,080
Fuel 1,28,076 1,00,058
Purchased power 1,54,910 1,34,488
Depreciation 1,44,622 1,56,469
Maintenance 92,717 86,261
Taxes other than income taxes 63,266 63,220
Purchased services 38,392 35,948
Other 1,01,513 1,04,850
8,36,929 8,13,374
Operating income 1,19,761 99,439
Other expenses (income):
Interest expense 36,727 36,771
Interest income ( 61) ( 82)
Loss on impairment of fixed assets 4,089 0
Other, net 4,325 1,556
45,080 38,245
Income before special item and
income taxes
74,681 61,194
Special item:
Reserve for drought 1,747 712
Provision for income taxes:
Current 25,061 28,457
Deferred 1,374 (7,504)
Net income 46,499 39,529
Ans 3.
Introduction
Common size analysis, a vital tool in financial accounting, plays a crucial role in
understanding a company’s financial health. This approach simplifies the comparison of
financial statements over different periods by converting the figures into percentages of a
common base. For a statement of income, this common base is typically the operating
revenues. This method provides a clear picture of the company’s operational efficiency, cost
structure, and profitability trends over time. By examining the common size statements for
the years 2021 and 2022, one can discern significant changes in the company’s financial
dynamics. This analysis is particularly useful for stakeholders, including investors, creditors,
Information Systems for Managers
April 2024 Examination
1. Goodwill Bakery has now its several branches across different cities in India. This
bakery has started a small shop in New Delhi and then expanded their bakery business
across several states of the Country. Initially, when they started, they have appointed
different personnels to keep a track of products sold, orders given and inventory
required. With the expansion of business in different cities, Goodwill Bakery are now
finding it difficult to manage/ track the details at national level and to get an overview of
product details across all stores of various cities. They contacted a solution providing
firm to get solution of the same and were told to shift their business to Cloud wherein,
all the operations of different stores can be monitored/detailed out very easily. Discuss
how shifting/migrating to Cloud technology will help Goodwill Bakery to smoothen up
the process of monitoring details from one location for other stores across various cities.
Also, discuss which types of cloud and cloud services will be suitable for Goodwill
bakery. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Goodwill Bakery, a flourishing enterprise with multiple branches across India, began as a
modest venture in New Delhi. As they expanded across several states, managing the
intricacies of operations such as tracking sales, orders, and inventory became increasingly
complex. With each branch operating somewhat autonomously, the central management
struggled to maintain a cohesive and efficient oversight. The bakery’s decision to consult a
solution provider led to a pivotal recommendation: migrating their operations to the cloud.
This transition is not just a technological upgrade but a strategic move to centralize and
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2. The E-Business platform is booming a lot these days. Almost all individuals have
accepted the E-Commerce technology for their daily requirements. Most of the retailers
have joined hands with various E-commerce Companies for selling their products.
Discuss how the retailers are getting benefitted by choosing these e- commerce
platforms. Which type of sellers are being benefitted most by choosing the e-commerce
platform (Explain with help of some Statistics) and will the e- commerce technology will
see the downfall? Discuss your views for all the above points by choosing any one ECommerce
platform as an example. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The surge in e-business platforms has revolutionized the retail industry, marking a significant
shift from traditional brick-and-mortar stores to the digital marketplace. This transformation
has been driven by the widespread acceptance of e-commerce technology, which has become
integral to daily consumer activities. Retailers, ranging from local vendors to multinational
brands, have increasingly turned to e-commerce platforms as a strategic avenue to expand
their reach, enhance customer engagement, and boost sales. The integration of e-commerce
into retail strategies is not just a trend but a fundamental change in how business is
conducted. This transition has opened new opportunities and presented unique challenges for
retailers. By delving into the dynamics of e-commerce platforms, specifically focusing on one
3. Saviant Technology Solutions is new IT Company with the motive of providing
solutions to different Organisations by catering to their specific product requirements.
This Company has received the Project Development Task which is not much Complex
in nature and the requirements are also to some extent clear. As a new venture, this
organization is not fully aware of the different vulnerabilities and threats to the data
of the Organization. Considering the above scenarios, discuss the following:
a)Discuss the various threats and vulnerabilities related to Saviant Technology. Also,
explain what are the security measures need to be adopted by Saviant Technology
Solutions for avoiding the threats. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Saviant Technology Solutions, as a burgeoning IT company, faces a distinct set of challenges
in safeguarding its data and systems. In an era where data is a valuable asset, understanding
and mitigating threats and vulnerabilities is crucial for maintaining the integrity, availability,
and confidentiality of information. As the company embarks on its project development tasks,
it is imperative to identify potential risks and implement robust security measures. This
b) Explain which Software Development Life Cycle model needs to be implemented by
Saviant Technology Solutions for development of the Project stated in the above
Scenario. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Selecting an appropriate Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) model is a critical
decision for Saviant Technology Solutions as it embarks on its project development. The
chosen SDLC model will dictate the approach to project management, design, development,
and testing, impacting the project’s overall success. Given the project’s nature – not overly
Management Theory and Practice
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Using Hofstede’s 5 dimensions, can you help Lalit Hotels to open their new branch
in Dubai, UAE. Guide them about the cultural differences they need to keep in mind?
(10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The successful establishment of a new branch of Lalit Hotels in Dubai, UAE, necessitates a
deep understanding and thoughtful application of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theory. This
theory, developed by Geert Hofstede, is a framework for understanding cultural differences
across countries and regions. Dubai’s unique cultural landscape, characterized by its
traditional Arab values blended with a cosmopolitan flair, presents both challenges and
opportunities for Lalit Hotels. Given that cultural sensitivity and adaptation are key to
successful international business ventures, it’s imperative for Lalit Hotels to carefully analyze
each of Hofstede’s five dimensions – Power Distance, Individualism vs. Collectivism,
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Q2. As a management trainer to a startup dealing with chipsets, can you explain 6 box
organizational model and its role in helping them design their organizational structure?
(10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The 6 Box Model, a brainchild of Marvin Weisbord, is a diagnostic framework pivotal in
assessing and improving the functionality of organizations. Particularly beneficial for a
startup specializing in chipsets, this model facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the
various dimensions influencing an organization’s efficiency and effectiveness. Startups, often
characterized by their agility and innovative spirit, confront unique challenges in managing
growth, ensuring technological advancements, and maintaining a competitive edge. In such a
scenario, the 6 Box Model serves as an essential tool. It encompasses six critical areas:
purposes, structures, relationships, rewards, leadership, and helpful mechanisms. By
Q3. Hortons Ltd has been facing many loses, losing clients and want to modernize
themselves using modern techniques and have hired you as a consultant for the same.
Can you explain the following concepts to them and how will they help them modernize
a rubber manufacturing business like theirs
a. 5S Framework (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Hortons Ltd, a company in the rubber manufacturing sector facing significant challenges,
seeks to revitalize its operations and regain competitiveness. The 5S Framework, originating
from Japanese management practices, presents an ideal solution. This framework is not just a
set of principles but a culture aimed at creating efficiency, safety, and a disciplined work
environment. In an industry like rubber manufacturing, where precision, cleanliness, and
b. Lean Production (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
For Hortons Ltd, a company striving to overcome losses and client attrition in the rubber
manufacturing sector, the concept of Lean Production offers a transformative approach.
Originating from the Toyota Production System, Lean Production emphasizes minimizing
waste while maximizing productivity. This methodology is not just a set of tools and
Marketing Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Citing from your own practical experience, which are the factors, which are
important in the retail scenario for a product in a supermarket to sell? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic world of retail marketing, especially within the bustling aisles of
supermarkets, several factors play a pivotal role in determining the success of a product.
Drawing from my practical experience in this sector, I have observed that these factors go
beyond the mere appeal of the product itself. Supermarkets are unique retail environments
where consumer behavior is influenced by a variety of stimuli, ranging from the product’s
placement on the shelves to the psychological impact of pricing strategies. These
environments are microcosms where consumer choices are subtly guided by both overt and
covert marketing tactics. Understanding these factors is crucial for any product to not only
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Q2. How would you go about starting your own business, which would be an exclusive
cake, cookies and biscuits store and ensure its success? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Starting a business, particularly an exclusive cake, cookies, and biscuits store, is an exciting
venture that blends passion for baking with entrepreneurial spirit. The journey begins with a
clear vision and understanding of the market’s needs. The success of such a business hinges
on several critical factors, including identifying a niche market, understanding customer
preferences, and delivering unique and high-quality products. A comprehensive business plan
is essential, outlining the business model, market analysis, marketing strategies, financial
planning, and operational plans. Emphasizing product uniqueness, quality, and customer
Q3. Case Study
Audi’s marketing synchromesh
The luxury carmaker is focusing on technology, digital platforms and below-theline
activities to drive sales.
Every carmaker has marketing principles and brand attributes that they leverage to get
better connected with their customers. Think reliability and engineering for Honda, low
cost of ownership and maintenance for Maruti Suzuki and sporty driving for BMW.
For Audi India, its Strategy 2025 black book includes the following: Customercentricity,
network, product, and digitalization. These operating principles started some
six years ago, and could be said to largely apply to other luxury carmakers, but Audi’s
strategy seems to point to pushing technology to directly connect with consumers using
digital platforms and marketing to synchromesh into one seamless experience.
Balbir Dhillon, Audi India head, said he’s especially throwing his weight behind
customer connection, with half the marketing budget dedicated to below-the-line
activities this year. That includes organizing regular “Quattro drives” for customers
across cities; get-togethers that blend experiences such as movie driven-ins for the latest
James Bond film and more. Quattro is an Italian word trademarked by Audi as code for
indicating that it uses all-wheel drive systems in some of its cars. There’s also a
significant digital push that Audi will unveil this year, which is in the last stages of
finalization.
Meanwhile, Audi offers concierge services through an ownership app called MyAudi
that allows customers to avail of service that range from booking restaurants to flying
overseas and renting car. Audi, Dhillon added, has also been the first brand to use
augmented reality and virtual reality at the retail customers level. Audi has 29
showrooms, 41 service centers and 14 Audi Approved Plus (pre-owned car) facilities.
The brand is looking to increase the latter substantially in 2022.
Audi, like Mercedes, has seen prices increase, resulting in greater profits, thanks to a
supply crunch driven by a global shortage of chips. “We could sell two times what we
did if it wasn’t for the chip shortage,” Dhillon added. Of the top four luxury carmakers
that include market leader Mercedes-Benz, BMW and Audi, the Volkswagen-owned
brand that features four rings as its logo has the smaller market share, but is also the
company that came here last, in 2007.
Recent figures indicate that its sales are on an uptick after a particularly depressed
2020. Sales for the brand were: 4,594 cars in 2019, 1,639 in 2020 and 3,293 in 2021. Why
did Audi see such a sharp slump in 2020? Analysts who track the sector suggested that
the consumer market was aware that Audi was going to phase out BS IV cars by March
2022 and that may have led them to switch to other cars, though they were already up to
regulatory standards. When Audi first entered India, it had to focus on a part-education
and part heavy marketing strategy for an audience that was largely familiar with only
BMW and Mercedes-Benz. To that end, it built a halo round itself by deploying
celebrities and actors as brand ambassadors. Most of Bollywood drove Q5s and Q7s at
one stage with Salman Khan even making it down to launch events for Andi’s sportier
sedans-something he historically avoided.
Suraj Ghosh, associate director (powertrain & compliance forecasts), South Asia IHS
Markit, said Audi India has smaller product portfolio and a smaller network footprint
than its competitors. Increasing the degree of localization will allow it to avail of
taxation benefits and be more competitive in its pricing. The company said its cars,
which are assembled here, are looking to target between 80 and 85 per cent local content
for the Audi
A4, A6, 05 and Q7. But that’s only part of the challenge. What’s changed for Audi in the
last five years is the consumer profile. In terms of general consumers, many of its cars
were owned mostly by business people and CEOs. For instance, ICICI Banks former
boss Chanda Kochhar drove an A8 sedan, as did Godrej. “What has changed is that a
lot of mid-level and emerging professionals are also buying Audi cars now, and while it
used to be real professionals and traders that drove volumes, that’s not the case
anymore,” Dhillion pointed out.
Buyers today are younger and there is a growing acceptability that it is okay to buy a
luxe car. But the sensibility of ownership amongst young buyers who come from startup
backgrounds is very different, he added. “They want to buy shoes that are
sustainable and made by companies that are high on ESG (environmental, social, and
governance) norms, so their approach to vehicles is no different,” Audi regularly sees
more queries for the electric range of cars as well as fuel efficiency norms.
Audi India has among the widest range of electric cars (five)-the e-tron 50, e-tron 55, etron
Sportback 55, e-tron GT and RSe-tron GT. But the key volume sellers remain the
Audi A4, Audi A6, Audi Q2, Audi Q5 and Audi Q8. In other words, Audi in still very
much a Q-led company in terms of its volumes. Officials said 45 per cent of sales comes
from the Q range. The Q7, a brand new launch for 2022, is expected to be rolled out
soon.
Does that mean its electric vehicles are more of a notional offering? Dhillon clarified
that it’s going to make time before the charging network is ready and prices rationalize
for EV sales Cars are already taxed at around 28 per cent and, when it’s an electric car,
he explained, there are duties on components and other imports, so that the company
faces “a duty on a duty”, creating an additional layering that makes its EVs so
expensive. For an e- tron, Dhillion said the duty is around 111 per cent. Add the cost of
registration and the final price “restricts the full potential of the category”.
“Even so, when the time is right, Audi’s next investment is likely to be in EVs,” Dhillon
said. “Policy will change some day and it may be a long wait but Audi is committed to
the cause.”
Questions
Q3 a) What is Audis future strategy? What is the name of its digital platform and how
does it plan to leverage this platform? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Audi’s future strategy, as outlined in its Strategy 2025, focuses on a blend of customercentricity,
an expansive network, innovative products, and a strong emphasis on
digitalization. This approach reflects a clear shift towards integrating advanced technology
and digital platforms to enhance the customer experience and drive sales. The centerpiece of
this strategy is their digital platform, which plays a pivotal role in connecting with customers
Q3b) What has changed in the customer profiles who own Audi. How has this
demographic profile changed in recent times? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Audi’s evolving customer profile marks a significant shift in the brand’s demographic appeal
and market positioning. Traditionally seen as a symbol of status among high-tier
professionals and business elites, Audi has experienced a transformation in its customer base.
This change reflects broader socio-economic trends and shifting consumer preferences,
especially in emerging markets like India. Understanding this demographic evolution is key
Organisational Behaviour
April 2024 Examination
1. Scenario: Rohan is a project manager at a software development company. His role
involves interacting with clients, managing his team, and ensuring project deadlines are
met. Rohan is known for his calm and composed demeanor, even in high-pressure
situations. He enjoys the client interactions and finds them energizing. Whenever he
feels stressed due to project complexities, he takes a break to listen to his favorite music
or goes for a walk. His team members often approach him with their problems an
appreciate his approachability. Even when faced with demanding clients who express
frustration, Rohan remains patient and focuses on resolving their concerns.
Question: Based on the information provided, how would you assess Rohan’s
personality using the Big Five personality traits framework? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The Big Five personality traits framework is a widely accepted tool for understanding human
personality. It encapsulates five broad dimensions: Openness, Conscientiousness,
Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism, often remembered by the acronym OCEAN.
This framework provides a comprehensive means to assess individual differences in
personality and behavior. In the given scenario, we analyze Rohan, a project manager in a
software development company, using the Big Five traits. Rohan’s role involves extensive
client interaction, team management, and deadline adherence. His calm demeanor in highpressure
situations, along with his enjoyment in client interactions, and his method of coping
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2. Samantha is a newly hired marketing coordinator at a digital advertising agency. She
notices that her team leader, Alex, communicates with clients and colleagues in a very
friendly and encouraging manner. Alex’s positivity and teamwork have contributed to a
cohesive work environment, and Samantha also observes that the team consistently
meets project deadlines. During a period when Alex is on medical leave, Samantha takes
over some of the team lead responsibilities. To her surprise, she finds that by adopting
Alex’s approach, she effectively manages the team and maintains a positive atmosphere.
This experience motivates Samantha to incorporate this approach into her personal life
as well. Question: In this scenario, which theory of learning could be applied to explain
Samantha’s behavior change? Please discuss the theory and its relevance to the
situation. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the fascinating realm of Organizational Behavior, the story of Samantha, a marketing
coordinator, serves as a quintessential example of learning and adaptation within a
professional setting. This narrative unfolds in a digital advertising agency, where Samantha
observes and later emulates the leadership style of her team leader, Alex. When Alex takes
medical leave, Samantha steps into a leadership role, applying the same positive and
encouraging communication methods she observed in Alex. This real-world scenario
provides an excellent backdrop to explore a specific theory of learning within organizational
3. Rohan is sales head for a pharmaceutical company. He has a team of 12 individuals
under him. Rohan feels very sad to state that it isn’t a team but a group of individuals
working under him as they do not show any team spirit. Akhil who is Rohan’s best
friend also happens to be the HR manager. When Rohan shared his concerns with Akhil
he asked Rohan to
a) Analyze the problems he (Rohan) is facing in teamwork. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of organizational behavior, Rohan’s challenge as a sales head in a
pharmaceutical company brings to light a critical issue prevalent in many organizations: the
lack of team cohesion. Leading a team of 12 individuals, Rohan confronts the reality that his
team operates more as a collection of individuals rather than as a unified entity. This scenario,
shared with his friend and HR manager Akhil, underscores the importance of diagnosing and
b) Also, what all methods Akhil can suggest Rohan for creating effective team in his
department? Discuss. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Creating an effective team is a fundamental challenge in any organizational setting, and
Rohan’s situation in the pharmaceutical company is no exception. As the sales head grappling
with a lack of team spirit, he turns to Akhil, the HR manager and his confidant, for advice.
Akhil’s role is pivotal in guiding Rohan towards fostering a cohesive and high-performing
Strategic Management
April 2024 Examination
1. You are a mobile phone manufacturer manufacturing phones for different segments
of the population. Sales for your lower segment phones is falling while sales for your
higher segment is increasing. Why do you think is this happening? What could be the
reasons? How do you deal with situation? Does this need any change of strategy? What
changes would you do in strategy? Give valid reasons, examples while answering the
questions. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Within the ever-evolving mobile phone market, trends and consumer preferences constantly
evolve. The observed shift in sales, with lower segment phones declining while higher
segment phones increased, is indicative of changing consumer demands and market
conditions, creating both opportunities and challenges for mobile phone manufacturers.
Examining what factors are driving this shift requires conducting in-depth analyses, such as
technological advances, changes in consumer purchasing power, saturation of lower segments
or rising perceived values for premium features. Understanding these factors is integral to
developing an effective strategic response, and can indicate a change in approach – perhaps
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2. India has been a laggard in the world of Sports. You have been appointed as a
consultant for strategy for building a sports ecosystem in India. Suggest a strategic road
map to make India a sporting powerhouse. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
India’s path in sports has been one of triumphant achievement and periods of
underachievement. India has historically demonstrated great potential in various sports
disciplines; however, its overall performance in international sporting competitions has been
disappointing given its size and potential. Therefore, a comprehensive plan to make India into
a sporting powerhouse is imperative. Transformation requires an integrated approach,
covering infrastructure development, talent cultivation, policy innovation and cultural
adjustment. Goal of creating an ecosystem of sports beyond cricket that embraces everything
3. You are the marketing strategy head for a major online music service. Your business
is dependent on advertising, but, despite the large number of consumers listening to
your app. Advertisers have not been enthused to advertise. (5 Marks)
a. What strategy should you adopt to get advertisers on board? Give examples to justify
your
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Within the highly competitive landscape of online music services, one of the major
challenges lies in attracting advertisers despite having a large user base. As the marketing
strategist of an online music service, your priority should be understanding and capitalizing
on its unique aspects to attract advertisers. This means demonstrating the value proposition of
the platform, demonstrating audience engagement levels, and offering innovative advertising
solutions that meet both consumer needs and advertiser expectations. Any strategy adopted
b. Create two ideas to engage with advertisers. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Engaging with advertisers in a meaningful and effective way is crucial for an online music
service that relies heavily on advertising revenue. The challenge lies in crafting innovative
and mutually beneficial engagement strategies that resonate with the advertisers’ goals while
preserving the integrity and appeal of the platform for users. These strategies should not only
capture the attention of potential advertisers but also demonstrate the unique opportunities
Operations Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. DMart is a well-known retail chain that has gained popularity for its DMart Ready
service, an online platform for grocery shopping. One of the critical aspects that
contribute to its success is its robust inventory management system. Describe the
concept of DMart Ready and how it differs from the traditional DMart physical stores
by listing down the various inventory management techniques prevalent in the retail
industry. Also, discuss the key components and strategies employed by DMart Ready in
its inventory management system to ensure efficient operations and customer
satisfaction. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
DMart, an established name in the retail sector, has further solidified its market presence with
the introduction of DMart Ready, its online grocery shopping platform. This strategic move
marks a significant evolution from its conventional brick-and-mortar establishments,
reflecting the changing dynamics of consumer preferences and the retail landscape. The key
to DMart Ready’s success lies in its advanced inventory management system, a cornerstone of
modern retail operations that ensures efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and customer satisfaction.
Unlike traditional DMart stores, DMart Ready operates in the digital sphere, where inventory
management is not just about maintaining stock but also about integrating technology to
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Q2. Explain the fundamental concept of the Theory of Constraints (TOC) and its
significance in optimizing manufacturing processes. Considering a suitable example,
describe the key principles of the TOC philosophy and how it can be applied to
synchronous manufacturing to enhance production scheduling. Also illustrate how the
concept of DBR helps in improving overall system performance, reducing lead times,
and increasing throughput in manufacturing environments (Assume any industry). (10
marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The Theory of Constraints (TOC) is a significant paradigm in operations management that
focuses on identifying and addressing the most critical limitations, or constraints, within a
manufacturing or production process. Developed by Dr. Eliyahu M. Goldratt in the 1980s,
TOC has revolutionized how businesses view their processes and bottlenecks. It operates on
the premise that every system, regardless of its complexity, is limited in achieving more of its
goals by a small number of constraints. The aim of TOC is to systematically improve the
system by focusing on these constraints, thus enhancing overall performance. This method is
Q3. In a big multi-specialty hospital, quality management plays a pivotal role in
ensuring patient satisfaction and safety. Quality management tools are vital for
achieving operational excellence and maintaining high standards of healthcare
services. Additionally, the operations manager has a crucial role in overseeing quality
control.
(a) Explain the role of an operations manager in implementing and monitoring quality
control measures in the hospital. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In a multi-specialty hospital, the operations manager plays a critical role in implementing and
overseeing quality control measures. This role is pivotal in ensuring that the hospital not only
meets but exceeds the standards of healthcare services, thereby guaranteeing patient
satisfaction and safety. Quality management in healthcare is a complex and continuous
process that involves coordinating various departments, managing resources, and adhering to
(b) Discuss the various dimensions of quality in the healthcare sector and how each
dimension contributes to overall patient care and experience. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Quality in healthcare is a multi-dimensional concept, encompassing various aspects that
collectively determine the effectiveness, safety, and responsiveness of healthcare services.
These dimensions are critical in shaping patient care and experience, directly influencing the
outcomes and satisfaction of patients. Understanding and effectively managing these
Essentials of HRM
April 2024 Examination
1. Explain the appraisal method you would recommend that would be more effective
for the hourly employees? Explain any one or two specific appraisal methods for the
delivery driver position and discuss why the specific method would be useful? (10
Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Human Resource Management (HRM) plays a pivotal role in the success of an organization,
particularly in the management and evaluation of its employees. Appraisal methods are
essential tools in HRM, facilitating the assessment of employee performance, identifying
areas for improvement, and aligning individual objectives with organizational goals. For
hourly employees, such as delivery drivers, selecting an appropriate appraisal method is
crucial, as their roles are often dynamic and performance-centric. The chosen method must
not only be fair and objective but also tailored to the unique aspects of their job. This ensures
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2. Explain how realistic job previews (RJPs) operate. As a manager or business owner,
would you use them? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Realistic Job Previews (RJPs) are a crucial element in the human resource management
process, particularly in the hiring phase. Their core function is to provide potential employees
with a balanced, accurate depiction of what to expect in a specific role, encompassing both
positive and negative aspects. This transparency aims to align expectations, reducing the
likelihood of job dissatisfaction and high turnover rates. RJPs are instrumental in fostering a
mutual understanding between the employer and prospective employees, ensuring that the
latter are well-informed about the realities of the job before committing. As a tool, they are
versatile and can be presented through various mediums like written materials, videos, or on-
3. Sakshi, former senior vice president of human resources for Turbo International,
took over her job just after numerous charges forced the company’s previous board of
directors and top executives to leave the firm. Hired by new CEO Eshan Bhatt, Sakshi
had to tackle numerous difficult problems starting the moment she assumed office. For
example, she had to help hire a new management team. She had to do something about
what the outside world viewed as a culture of questionable ethics at her company. And
she had to do something about the company’s top-management compensation plan,
which many felt contributed to the allegations by some that some former company
officers had used the company as a sort of private ATM.
Sakshi came to Turbo after a very impressive career. For example, she had been the
head of executive compensation at Allied Signal, and was a graduate of the Harvard
Business School. But, as strong as her background was, she obviously had her work cut
out for her when she took the senior vice president of HR position at Turbo
a. What human resource management-related steps did Sakshi take to help get Turbo
back on the right track? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Sakshi’s entry into Turbo International as the Senior Vice President of Human Resources
came at a tumultuous time for the company. Tasked with steering the HR department amidst a
backdrop of ethical challenges and managerial upheaval, Sakshi’s expertise and experience
were crucial for reestablishing stability and credibility. Her situation required a strategic and
multi-faceted approach to human resource management, focusing on rebuilding the
b. What, if anything might you have done differently if you had been in Ms. Sakshi’s
position? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Assuming the role of a Senior Vice President of Human Resources in a scenario similar to
Ms. Sakshi’s at Turbo International, one is confronted with multifaceted challenges
encompassing leadership voids, ethical dilemmas, and compensation controversies. While
Ms. Sakshi’s approach was comprehensive and strategic, there is always room for alternative
Decision Science
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Calculate the probability for the following statements. Draw the Probability tree
diagram also.
In a medical college of Pune (a class of 100 people), 30 % people Like to have Misal-pav
on the farewell party as per the google form survey. Remaining people have chosen
vadapav. Out of those who have chosen Misal-pav 50 % said that they would eat only
Jain Misal pav. Well, 30 % of those have chosen Vadapav, also said they would have
Jain Vadapav only.
What is the stack (percent & number) of people Who will have Jain Food (including
MISal pav and Vadapav)
What is the probability of selecting a person who would eat Misal pav given that
person’s diet type is Jain. (10 Marks)
Note: Handmade drawing of Diagram is prohibited; prepare it with the help of software
like MS-Word.
Ans 1-
Introduction:
In the diverse tapestry of culinary preferences that color our social gatherings, selecting food
becomes critical, showing social dispositions and specific preferences. In this context, a
captivating circumstance unfolds within the districts of a medical university in Pune, where a
friend of 100 individuals is preparing for a farewell celebration. The menu selection for this
special event has been shaped by a precise survey through Google Forms. This survey not
only determines the choice for two iconic road foods– Misal-pav and Vadapav– but delves
deeper into the nuanced choices within these culinary realms. The appealing dynamics
include considerations for both nutritional and cultural proclivities, with participants sharing
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Q2. Write the interpretation for the following regression model. You are advised to run
the analysis using MS EXCEL.
Here Hiranmayee Dhar, an entrepreneur who is running “Pashminaa” a store of
Pashmina shawls. She is targeting customers via social media applications; she has
chosen Instagram as a platform and had also chosen REELs to advertise her products.
She is looking for a forecasting model to understand the impact of no of likes of the
REELs demonstrating product and its sales (in number of units). (10 Marks)
Reel
Number
Number
of units
sold
Number
of likes
Reel 1 24 1503
Reel 2 24 1564
Reel 3 24 1649
Reel 4 24 1882
Reel 5 26 1924
Reel 6 28 1937
Reel 7 28 1944
Reel 8 29 2086
Reel 9 30 2150
Reel 10 31 2215
Reel 11 32 2366
Reel 12 32 2472
Reel 13 35 2622
Reel 14 35 2792
Reel 15 36 2871
Reel 16 36 2973
Reel 17 38 3000
Reel 18 38 3024
Reel 19 39 3319
Reel 20 40 3336
Reel 21 41 3337
Reel 22 41 3413
Reel 23 41 3479
Reel 24 42 3577
Reel 25 46 3617
Reel 26 46 3922
Reel 27 46 4332
Reel 28 48 4562
Reel 29 48 4577
Reel 30 48 4763
Reel 31 49 4964
Write the regression model.
Discuss the R-square, Multiple R
Discuss the ANOVA
Discuss the Significance of Independent variable and B1 value.
Ans-2
Regression
Statistics
Multiple R 0.97949592
R Square 0.959412257
Adjusted R
Square 0.95801268
Standard Error 1.669041837
Observations 31
Q3.a) Draw an appropriate chart for the following. Also write your clarification for
choosing that graph. For each variable identify a time-series component present if you
consider the long- term pattern.
(5 Marks)
Table: Production of Commercial crops. (Source: RBI)
Year
Groundnut (Lakh
Tonnes)
Rapeseed &
Mustard (Lakh
Tonnes)
Soyabean (Lakh
Tonnes)
2000-01 64 42 53
2001-02 70 51 60
2002-03 41 39 47
2003-04 81 63 78
2004-05 68 76 69
2005-06 80 81 83
2006-07 49 74 89
2007-08 92 58 110
2008-09 72 72 99
2009-10 54 66 100
2010-11 83 82 127
2011-12 70 66 122
2012-13 47 80 147
2013-14 97 79 119
2014-15 74 63 104
2015-16 67 68 86
2016-17 75 79 132
2017-18 93 84 109
2018-19 67 93 133
2019-20 100 91 112
2020-21 102 102 126
2021-22 101 118 130
Note: Here you are advised to use Software like EXCEL for making Graphs, copy them
and paste in your assignment file. Snapshots are not allowed.
Ans—3 (a)
Year Year Groundnut (Lakh Tonnes)
2000-01 2000.5 64
2001-02 2001.5 70
2002-03 2002.5 41
2003-04 2003.5 81
2004-05 2004.5 68
2005-06 2005.5 80
2006-07 2006.5 49
2007-08 2007.5 92
2008-09 2008.5 72
2009-10 2009.5 54
2010-11 2010.5 83
2011-12 2011.5 70
2012-13 2012.5 47
2013-14 2013.5 97
2014-15 2014.5 74
2015-16 2015.5 67
2016-17 2016.5 75
2017-18 2017.5 93
2018-19 2018.5 67
2019-20 2019.5 100
2020-21 2020.5 102
2021-22 2021.5 101
Q3.b) Write the sampling plan for the following study. Also write, what is recommended
according to you, census survey or sample Survey?
Imagine yourself doing PhD in NMIMS, for one of your research papers you do require a
primary survey to understand the social media consumption of LinkedIn users. Your goal
is to understand why they are using LinkedIn, for how many hours a day, and their
activities they do on the same platform. You do have research questionnaire in your hand
as per your proper literature study. Now, the question is about survey and data collection.
(5 Marks)
Ans-3 (b)
Sampling Plan:
1. Population:
The target population for this study is LinkedIn users.
Define the qualities of the population, such as specialists, students, work applicants, industryspecific
teams, and so on
2. Sampling Frame:
Create a sampling frame by determining the source from which the sample will be drawn. This
could be LinkedIn user teams, firm pages, schools, or other appropriate sources.
Business Law
April 2024 Examination
1. In the recent past, social media marketing has witnessed an enormous increase. This
has given birth to a bandwagon of social media influencers, who spend hours creating
content and doing various other activities such as endorsing, reviewing, or advertising a
brand. A survey recently conducted showed that 92% of consumers believed that
influencer marketing was an effective form of marketing. With the increase in the
industry, various issues in this regard have also elevated. Explain whether the
Consumer Protection Act 2019 covers advertisements by social media influencers and if
yes, the situations when and all the advertisement by such social media influencer may
be considered as misleading advertisement. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of modern marketing, social media influencers have emerged as
pivotal figures. With the rapid growth of digital platforms, these influencers command
significant influence over consumer choices, shaping trends and preferences. The surge in
social media marketing has prompted a reevaluation of traditional advertising norms and
regulations. One critical aspect of this evolution is the intersection of influencer marketing
with legal frameworks, particularly the Consumer Protection Act 2019. This Act, a
cornerstone in safeguarding consumer interests, potentially addresses the complexities
introduced by social media influencers. As these influencers increasingly engage in
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2. It was observed that a contract made by free consent and will of parties who are thus
competent under the law to contract for a lawful consideration providing a lawful
consideration and thus not expressly declared by any law or contract act to be void.
Explain the concept of valid, void and voidable contract along with explaining the
essentials of valid contract. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
A contract is a fundamental element in the realm of business law, representing a mutual
agreement between two or more parties, legally binding them to fulfill specific obligations.
The cornerstone of any contract lies in its validity, ensuring that all parties are equally
protected under the law. A valid contract is one that meets all the legal requirements set forth
in the contract law, encompassing elements such as free consent, competent parties, lawful
consideration, and a lawful object. This discussion aims to delve into the intricate details of
valid, void, and voidable contracts, each representing unique legal scenarios. While a valid
3. Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Bill 2023 is proposed to be passed by the
Government of India. It is opined in public that Digital Personal Data Protection
(DPDP) Bill 2023 would erode the right to information and weaken the accountability of
public servants to citizens.
a) Examine how DPDP Bill 2023 might affect the genesis of the Right to Information
Act. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The introduction of the Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Bill 2023 in India marks a
significant development in the country’s data privacy landscape. This proposed legislation
aims to regulate the handling and processing of personal data in the digital age. However, it
has sparked debate concerning its potential impact on the Right to Information (RTI) Act, a
pivotal law that empowers Indian citizens to access information from public authorities. This
b) Explain the duties of a Public Information Officer under the Right to Information
Act. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The Right to Information (RTI) Act, enacted in 2005 in India, represents a significant stride
toward promoting transparency and accountability in public administration. At the heart of
this act is the role of the Public Information Officer (PIO), who serves as a pivotal link
between the information held by public authorities and the citizens seeking access to it.
Business Communication
April 2024 Examination
1) Ritu wants to prepare a presentation for the first time for her HNI customers about
the new scheme launched by her financial company. In light of this situation, discuss the
three-step process for planning a presentation in detail. How should Ritu go about using
the three steps for her? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Preparing a presentation for High Net-worth Individuals (HNI) customers requires meticulous
planning and a tailored approach. Ritu, in her endeavor to introduce a new scheme from her
financial company, must engage in a strategic and effective communication process. This
scenario is best approached through a three-step process: analyzing the audience, defining the
purpose, and designing the content. The audience analysis is crucial, especially when dealing
with HNI clients, as it helps in understanding their needs, expectations, and investment
behavior. Defining the purpose provides clarity and focus, ensuring that the presentation
directly addresses the clients’ interests and the benefits of the new scheme. Lastly, designing
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2) Networking is the most important skill for anyone. Especially so at the start of one’s
career. Discuss some points towards using specific potentials towards solutions focusing
on taking initiatives towards finding right opportunities from the crowded market and
building one’s own network for reaching to the opportunities. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Networking is often hailed as the cornerstone of professional success, particularly at the onset
of one’s career. In the contemporary business world, characterized by intense competition and
rapid technological advancements, the ability to forge meaningful connections is not just
beneficial, but essential. The initiation of one’s career is a critical phase, laden with potential
but also uncertainty. Here, networking emerges as a powerful tool, capable of unlocking
doors to numerous opportunities that otherwise might remain inaccessible. It transcends the
mere exchange of business cards or LinkedIn connections; it’s about cultivating relationships,
exchanging knowledge, and building a web of contacts that can provide support, advice, and
3) Rakesh is planning for a short workshop about using social media for home business
owner women. He thinks they can use social media to their benefit a lot and need to
share ideas with them. He is planning to focus on creating effective content for social
media. Please answer the questions based on the given situation.
a) What tips should Rakesh share with those entrepreneurs for using social media for
business communication? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Rakesh’s initiative to conduct a workshop for home business owner women on leveraging
social media for their businesses is a commendable step towards empowering them in the
digital space. Social media platforms offer immense potential for business growth and brand
building, particularly for small and home-based businesses. These platforms provide an
unparalleled opportunity to reach a wider audience, engage with customers, and create a
b) How should Rakesh elaborate on the role of microblogging in business
communication? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In Rakesh’s workshop focused on using social media for home business owners, an important
aspect to cover is the role of microblogging in business communication. Microblogging, a
form of concise, immediate communication exemplified by platforms like Twitter, offers
unique advantages for business owners, especially in the realms of marketing, customer
engagement, and brand building. It’s a powerful tool for real-time interaction and

 

 

Brand Management
April 2024 Examination
Case:
Rajesh, a passionate entrepreneur with a deep love for footwear, who envisions
launching a thriving business venture focused on selling branded shoes across
various price ranges. Rajesh’s dream is to establish the largest chain of shoe stores in
major cities across India, providing customers with a vast array of high-quality
footwear options from popular brands. Rajesh has always been an aficionado of shoes
and has observed a noticeable gap in the market for a one-stop shop offering branded
footwear at varying price points. After completing his business studies, he gained
experience working for an established shoe retailer and sharpened his skills in retail
management, inventory control, and customer service.
The Vision:
Rajesh’s vision for his new business is to create a brand that caters to the diverse and
dynamic Indian market. He envisions opening a series of showrooms in the largest cities
in India, where customers can explore a wide selection of branded shoes, ranging from
affordable and trendy to premium and luxurious options.
Key Components of Rajesh’s Business:
Store Locations: Rajesh is planning to set up his biggest showrooms in major cities like
Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Kolkata, and Chennai. These locations are strategically
chosen to tap into the diverse consumer bases and fashion-conscious populations of
these cities.
Brand Selection: Rajesh understands the importance of offering a diverse portfolio of
brands. His business will collaborate with both national and international brands,
ensuring a wide range of styles, designs, and price points to cater to various customer
preferences.
Variety of Price Ranges: Rajesh’s business will feature footwear in all price categories.
From budget-friendly options for students and budget-conscious customers to premium
brands for those seeking luxury and style, there will be something for everyone.
Customer Experience: Rajesh is passionate about offering exceptional customer service.
His staff will be knowledgeable about the products and offer personalized assistance to
help customers find the perfect pair of shoes. He also plans to implement loyalty
programs and promotions to keep customers coming back.
Online Presence: Recognizing the importance of the digital landscape, Rajesh plans to
establish an e-commerce platform to reach customers beyond the physical store
locations. The online platform will offer the same range of brands and price options,
making it convenient for customers to shop from the comfort of their homes.
Supply Chain Management: To ensure a steady supply of fresh stock, Rajesh will
establish strong relationships with suppliers and implement efficient inventory
management systems.
This will help in keeping stock levels optimized and maintaining a variety of styles for
customers to choose from.
Marketing and Promotion: Rajesh plans to invest in marketing strategies that
encompass both traditional and digital channels. He will collaborate with influencers,
run social media campaigns, and conduct local events and promotions to create buzz
around his stores.
Rajesh’s vision for his new business venture, offering branded shoes across all price
ranges in the biggest showrooms in major Indian cities, is a compelling concept. With a
strong business plan focused on location, product diversity, and customer satisfaction,
he is poised for success in the dynamic and ever-evolving retail market. Rajesh’s
dedication and strategic approach set the stage for an exciting and profitable future in
the footwear industry.
1) You have been selected as a brand in charge of the business and you have been given
a task to work on brand elements including brand name. Elaborate on various types of
Brand elements and criteria for choosing those brand elements that you will suggest for
the business. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The task of creating a brand for Rajesh’s ambitious venture in the footwear industry is both
challenging and exhilarating. A brand is much more than a mere name or logo; it embodies
the essence of the business, reflecting its values, vision, and the unique experience it offers.
The process of developing brand elements is crucial as these components will communicate
the brand’s identity, establish its position in the market, and build a connection with the target
audience. For Rajesh’s expansive and diverse vision of providing branded footwear across all
price ranges in major Indian cities, choosing the right brand elements is imperative. These
elements, which include the brand name, logo, tagline, color palette, typography, and other
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2) As a brand expert, explain the four steps of Brand Building for Rajesh’s Business. (10
Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Embarking on the journey of brand building for Rajesh’s footwear business, a venture poised
to redefine the retail shoe market in India, requires a deep understanding of the intricate
process of brand development. This journey involves more than just creating a visually
appealing logo or an attractive marketing campaign; it is about forging a connection with the
target audience and establishing a distinct position in the marketplace. The four steps of brand
building – Brand Positioning, Brand Marketing, Brand Identity, and Brand Management –
form the pillars of this process. These steps are essential in translating Rajesh’s vision into a
3) As a brand in charge of the business, explain your concepts on branding with
example to
Rajesh:
a) Explain and relate the Information processing model of communication with the
purchase of footwear for a consumer. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Understanding consumer behavior is crucial for effective branding and communication,
especially in a market as diverse as footwear. The Information Processing Model of
Communication offers a valuable framework for comprehending how consumers perceive,
interpret, and act upon marketing messages. By applying this model to Rajesh’s footwear
business, we can better grasp how
b) How will you promote the brand using tools of Marketing Communication?(5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the dynamic and competitive world of footwear retail, the promotion of a brand is pivotal
to its success. Marketing communication tools offer a myriad of ways to engage with
potential customers, build brand awareness, and drive sales. For Rajesh’s footwear brand,
utilizing these tools effectively can create a strong market presence and foster a loyal c
Business Communication
April 2024 Examination
1) Ritu wants to prepare a presentation for the first time for her HNI customers about
the new scheme launched by her financial company. In light of this situation, discuss the
three-step process for planning a presentation in detail. How should Ritu go about using
the three steps for her? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Preparing a presentation for High Net-worth Individuals (HNI) customers requires meticulous
planning and a tailored approach. Ritu, in her endeavor to introduce a new scheme from her
financial company, must engage in a strategic and effective communication process. This
scenario is best approached through a three-step process: analyzing the audience, defining the
purpose, and designing the content. The audience analysis is crucial, especially when dealing
with HNI clients, as it helps in understanding their needs, expectations, and investment
behavior. Defining the purpose provides clarity and focus, ensuring that the presentation
directly addresses the clients’ interests and the benefits of the new scheme. Lastly, designing
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2) Networking is the most important skill for anyone. Especially so at the start of one’s
career. Discuss some points towards using specific potentials towards solutions focusing
on taking initiatives towards finding right opportunities from the crowded market and
building one’s own network for reaching to the opportunities. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Networking is often hailed as the cornerstone of professional success, particularly at the onset
of one’s career. In the contemporary business world, characterized by intense competition and
rapid technological advancements, the ability to forge meaningful connections is not just
beneficial, but essential. The initiation of one’s career is a critical phase, laden with potential
but also uncertainty. Here, networking emerges as a powerful tool, capable of unlocking
doors to numerous opportunities that otherwise might remain inaccessible. It transcends the
mere exchange of business cards or LinkedIn connections; it’s about cultivating relationships,
exchanging knowledge, and building a web of contacts that can provide support, advice, and
3) Rakesh is planning for a short workshop about using social media for home business
owner women. He thinks they can use social media to their benefit a lot and need to
share ideas with them. He is planning to focus on creating effective content for social
media. Please answer the questions based on the given situation.
a) What tips should Rakesh share with those entrepreneurs for using social media for
business communication? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Rakesh’s initiative to conduct a workshop for home business owner women on leveraging
social media for their businesses is a commendable step towards empowering them in the
digital space. Social media platforms offer immense potential for business growth and brand
building, particularly for small and home-based businesses. These platforms provide an
unparalleled opportunity to reach a wider audience, engage with customers, and create a
b) How should Rakesh elaborate on the role of microblogging in business
communication? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In Rakesh’s workshop focused on using social media for home business owners, an important
aspect to cover is the role of microblogging in business communication. Microblogging, a
form of concise, immediate communication exemplified by platforms like Twitter, offers
unique advantages for business owners, especially in the realms of marketing, customer
engagement, and brand building. It’s a powerful tool for real-time interaction and
Business Economics
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Complete the given table by showing the calculation/Steps for marginal utility. Also,
enumerate the relationship between Total utility and marginal Utility. (10 Marks)
Shirt ( units ) Total Utility Marginal Utility
1 22
2 43
3 63
4 81
5 97
6 111
7 123
8 133
Ans 1.
Introduction
Understanding the concept of marginal utility is pivotal in the field of business economics, as
it provides significant insights into consumer behavior and demand theory. Marginal utility
refers to the additional satisfaction or benefit that a consumer derives from consuming an
additional unit of a good or service. This concept is rooted in the fundamental economic
assumption that individuals make decisions to maximize their utility or satisfaction. As
consumers consume more units of a good, their overall satisfaction, known as total utility,
increases. However, the incremental benefit or marginal utility typically decreases with each
professionals approach market dynamics and consumer preferences.
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Q2. Anika is working in “Footon ltd Company” that manufactures formal and informal
shoes for both men and women. It is observed that for the last few years, the sales
figures are fluctuating and there are no vivid reason for the same. Anika’s manager
have asked her to prepare a short notes on the importance of forecasting .Also her
manager wants to know if implementing sales force composite and Delphi method can
be useful for their Organisation?
(10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic business landscape, where companies like “Footon ltd Company” experience
unpredictable fluctuations in sales, the significance of accurate forecasting becomes
paramount. Forecasting, in essence, is the art and science of predicting future trends based on
past and present data. It plays a crucial role in enabling businesses to anticipate market
movements, align resources effectively, and make informed strategic decisions. For a
company that operates in the diverse market of formal and informal footwear for both
genders, understanding and predicting consumer preferences and market trends is essential.
Q3a. “For a business owner, knowing their cost of production is a vital step in creating
and maintaining a profitable business. “With reference to the above statement explain
Business Cost, Opportunity cost and Social cost with example (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the realm of business economics, cost management plays a pivotal role in ensuring the
sustainability and profitability of a business. Costs are not just monetary expenditures but
encompass a broader spectrum of economic sacrifices made for business operations. Business
Cost, Opportunity Cost, and Social Cost are three fundamental concepts that provide a
comprehensive understanding of the economic implications of business decisions. These
Q3b. “Economies of scale are cost advantages reaped by companies when production
becomes efficient “With reference to the given statement explain what do you
understand by Economies of scale and elaborate on any two types of Economies of scale.
(5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Economies of scale are a fundamental concept in business economics, playing a crucial role
in shaping the competitive landscape across various industries. This concept refers to the cost
advantages that businesses experience as their production scale increases. When a company
grows and its output expands, it often enjoys reduced costs per unit of output. This
Business Ethics, Governance & Risk
April 2024 Examination
1. Choose any ONE listed company from the BSE/NSE list of top 150 companies by
turnover. Locate the Business Responsibility & Sustainability Report or ESG Report
(under Statutory/Directors Report) in the Annual Report of 2022-23. Read through the
following;
 Section C, Principle 3, 4 and 5 (in BRSR)
 Chairman and/or CEO’s letter (in annual report)
 Business strategy (in annual report)
 Risk management (in annual report)
 ESG performance (in annual report/ BRSR)
 Company website (ESG / sustainability)
 Sustainability/Integrated report (if available)
Collate the information disclosed under these 3 principles from all the above
information sources and prepare an executive summary, in your own words, on the
company’s philosophy, approach/policy, initiatives and social performance data that
showcases its commitment towards its stakeholders, both internal and external. (10
Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), a globally renowned IT services, consulting, and business
solutions organization, demonstrates a strong commitment to ethical business practices,
effective governance, and comprehensive risk management. As a part of the BSE/NSE top
150 companies, TCS’s approach to Business Responsibility & Sustainability (BRS) is a
testament to its dedication towards its stakeholders, encompassing employees, clients,
society, and the environment. The Business Responsibility & Sustainability Report (BRSR)
and ESG Report for 2022-23, along with the Chairman and CEO’s letters, articulate TCS’s
strategic orientation towards sustainability and ethical practices. These documents, coupled
with the company’s website and other publicly available reports, offer a comprehensive view
of TCS’s philosophy and policy initiatives. They highlight TCS’s efforts in embedding
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2) Go through the ‘Management Discussion and Analysis’ section of the annual report
of the company selected in Q1 and prepare an analytical write up on the Risk
Management Framework of the company, select any three risks which according to you
are critical for this company and explain why do you think they are critical and what
are the mitigation strategies deployed by the company to effectively manage them. (10
Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the rapidly evolving landscape of global business, risk management remains a pivotal
aspect of organizational resilience and success, especially for technology giants like Tata
Consultancy Services (TCS). The ‘Management Discussion and Analysis’ section of TCS’s
annual report provides a comprehensive overview of its Risk Management Framework,
highlighting how the company identifies, assesses, and mitigates potential risks. This
proactive approach is crucial in navigating the complex challenges faced by TCS in its
operations. The framework not only aligns with the company’s strategic objectives but also
3) You have studied Business Ethics as a structured subject for the first time.
a) Provide a personal observation as to how it has influenced/altered your perception
and understanding of the process of doing business? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Studying Business Ethics as a formal subject has been an enlightening experience,
significantly altering my perspective on the business world. Previously, my understanding of
business was primarily focused on profitability, efficiency, and market competitiveness.
However, delving into Business Ethics has revealed the profound impact of ethical
considerations on these traditional business objectives. This journey into the realm of ethical
b) Explain three ways/examples in which you will apply ethical decision-making
process/tools in your day-to-day business decision-making process, whatever be the type
of your current business, function, role and designation. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The incorporation of ethical decision-making processes into daily business activities is
fundamental to fostering a culture of integrity and responsibility. Regardless of the nature of
my current role, applying ethical principles is pivotal in guiding my actions and decisions.
This approach not only enhances the trust and credibility of the business but also aligns with
Business Law
April 2024 Examination
1. In the recent past, social media marketing has witnessed an enormous increase. This
has given birth to a bandwagon of social media influencers, who spend hours creating
content and doing various other activities such as endorsing, reviewing, or advertising a
brand. A survey recently conducted showed that 92% of consumers believed that
influencer marketing was an effective form of marketing. With the increase in the
industry, various issues in this regard have also elevated. Explain whether the
Consumer Protection Act 2019 covers advertisements by social media influencers and if
yes, the situations when and all the advertisement by such social media influencer may
be considered as misleading advertisement. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of modern marketing, social media influencers have emerged as
pivotal figures. With the rapid growth of digital platforms, these influencers command
significant influence over consumer choices, shaping trends and preferences. The surge in
social media marketing has prompted a reevaluation of traditional advertising norms and
regulations. One critical aspect of this evolution is the intersection of influencer marketing
with legal frameworks, particularly the Consumer Protection Act 2019. This Act, a
cornerstone in safeguarding consumer interests, potentially addresses the complexities
introduced by social media influencers. As these influencers increasingly engage in
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2. It was observed that a contract made by free consent and will of parties who are thus
competent under the law to contract for a lawful consideration providing a lawful
consideration and thus not expressly declared by any law or contract act to be void.
Explain the concept of valid, void and voidable contract along with explaining the
essentials of valid contract. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
A contract is a fundamental element in the realm of business law, representing a mutual
agreement between two or more parties, legally binding them to fulfill specific obligations.
The cornerstone of any contract lies in its validity, ensuring that all parties are equally
protected under the law. A valid contract is one that meets all the legal requirements set forth
in the contract law, encompassing elements such as free consent, competent parties, lawful
consideration, and a lawful object. This discussion aims to delve into the intricate details of
valid, void, and voidable contracts, each representing unique legal scenarios. While a valid
3. Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Bill 2023 is proposed to be passed by the
Government of India. It is opined in public that Digital Personal Data Protection
(DPDP) Bill 2023 would erode the right to information and weaken the accountability of
public servants to citizens.
a) Examine how DPDP Bill 2023 might affect the genesis of the Right to Information
Act. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The introduction of the Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Bill 2023 in India marks a
significant development in the country’s data privacy landscape. This proposed legislation
aims to regulate the handling and processing of personal data in the digital age. However, it
has sparked debate concerning its potential impact on the Right to Information (RTI) Act, a
pivotal law that empowers Indian citizens to access information from public authorities. This
b) Explain the duties of a Public Information Officer under the Right to Information
Act. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The Right to Information (RTI) Act, enacted in 2005 in India, represents a significant stride
toward promoting transparency and accountability in public administration. At the heart of
this act is the role of the Public Information Officer (PIO), who serves as a pivotal link
between the information held by public authorities and the citizens seeking access to it.
Compensation & Benefits
April 2024 Examination
Q1. The major elements in the “wage structure” of a mid-sized manufacturing company
are as follows:- a) Basic Pay; b) Yearly Increments to Mgl staff based on Pay grade c)
Individual Incentive scheme to workmen and d) Benefits include i) Pickup & drop
facility by Co’s own Transport Dept ii) free lunch in Co’s Canteen iii) Medical Benefit
as per ESI scheme for workmen category & actuals for Mgl staff & other statutory
b’fits like PF & Gratuity. The company manufactures electrical components for the
auto industry and lately it has not been doing too well because of increased
competition, mainly from Chinese companies. Accordingly, the Co has requested you
to recommend suitable cost saving measures to increase the profitability. What will be
your recommendation? (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In addressing the challenge of enhancing profitability for a mid-sized manufacturing
company in the competitive electrical components sector, particularly against the backdrop of
intensifying competition from Chinese companies, it’s crucial to scrutinize and optimize the
existing wage structure. This structure encompasses elements such as Basic Pay, Yearly
Increments for Managerial (Mgl) staff, Individual Incentive schemes for workmen, and
various benefits including transportation, meals, medical, Provident Fund (PF), and Gratuity.
While these components are fundamental for employee satisfaction and retention, the
financial strain they impose necessitates a strategic review. The objective is to balance cost-
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Q2. Preeti and Susan were Chartered Accountants and they had about twenty years of
experience each in working with reputed Audit & Financial Consultancy firms. Both
resigned from their positions and started a small Audit firm of their own after taking a
loan from a bank. Since they were a “start-up” company they employed a few qualified
people and also paid them better than the market rate.
Initially they struggled, but after some time their financial condition got better and by
the end of seven years they reached a very stable position. By that time, they were
employing fifteen people who had been inducted into the Co at different levels drawing
different pay. However, as there was no regular pay structure, there was wide disparity
in the pay drawn by different employees. To rectify this situation, both Preeti & Susan
decided to request you to give a framework for employee’s pay fixation. (10 marks)
The category of the people employed by the Co is given below:-
i) Partners  Chartered Accountants who had about 10 yrs of experience – 3
ii) Jr Partners  Cost Accountants having different yrs of experience – 2
iii) Audit Assistants  Graduates with Accountancy as major (diff experiences) – 6 iv)
Clerk  Ordinary graduates – 3
v) Office Boy  Higher Secondary -1
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of small business growth, Preeti and Susan’s Audit firm presents an
interesting case study in the evolution of compensation strategies. Their journey from a
startup to a stable business entity highlights the critical role that an effective pay structure
plays in maintaining equity and motivation among employees. Initially, their strategy of
offering above-market rates served well in attracting qualified talent. However, as the firm
grew, the lack of a structured pay scale led to disparities, undermining fairness and potentially
affecting employee morale and productivity. The challenge now lies in developing a
comprehensive framework for employee pay fixation that is equitable, competitive, and
Q3. Sunil was in his final year of the Diploma Course in Mechanical Engineering when
he got a decent job in a medium sized Engineering company manufacturing components
for the auto industry.
The factory had three main units which were, i) Foundry section which prepared the
moulds for casting ii) Casting & Finishing section where the machine parts were cast
and cleaned iii) Engineering section where the casting was machined according to the
client’s requirements. There were also the usual supporting departments like Purchase,
Accounts, Maintenance and Despatch.
Sunil was appointed as a “Trainee Engineer” in the Foundry section and was asked to
look after the Spare Parts function of the Foundry. The job was not difficult but
cumbersome as the Foundry required thousands of mainly small items like linseed oil,
sand, special resins, nails of various sizes etc. which were difficult to keep track.
However, Sunil put in a lot of effort to understand the entire process and since he was
quite intelligent, within a short time, he developed a complete mastery of the entire
system. His Supervisor was therefore very pleased and so confirmed him in the position
of “Junior Engineer” after expiry of only six months instead of twelve.
For the first three years Sunil gave his best to create a good name for himself and to
build the foundations of a good career in the organization. He made many suggestions in
the procurement process of Spares and also introduced manufacturing of some critical
spares in-house which till date were being procured from outside at considerable cost.
All these innovations earned him a very good name and so at the end of three years the
management gave him an out of turn promotion to “Assistant Engineer”.
At this time, he found that other “Assistant Engineers” in the Engineering and Casting
sections got considerably more than him as salary and other allowances. His Supervisor
told him that this difference was expected as he was working in a “Supporting”
department whereas the others were linked with the direct production process. Sunil
felt his job was also no less demanding and challenging than the others and he had also
contributed in many ways to bring considerable cost savings for the organization.
Therefore, he felt that his salary should also be at par with them. So he requested the
Chief Engineer (Foundry) for a transfer to the production area but his request was
summarily rejected as he was too valuable to be released.
Sunil wanted a change of duties, not only for the better pay but also because he had
mastered the work in his section and it was no longer challenging. He was also sure that
he could contribute much in a new area. After six months he appealed again to the Chief
Engr (Foundry) for transfer but it was again refused without giving him a chance to be
heard. So, he felt that the organization was not allowing him to grow and this made him
very frustrated. As a result, he lost all his initiative and stopped giving suggestions.
At this time, he also found that some of his classmates were earning more than him and
this made him more frustrated. Thus, at the end of the fifth year, Sunil discreetly
started applying outside. He confided about this to his Supervisor but he advised him to
wait and stay in the company as he had a very good future. However, Sunil declined his
suggestion as he felt that he was being ignored and Co prevented him from showing his
potential. By the end of another year he got a good offer and left.
Q3a) Would you blame the Supervisor only for Sunil leaving the company? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Sunil’s situation in the engineering company highlights a critical issue in human resource
management and employee retention. While his initial enthusiasm and innovations
significantly contributed to the company, his subsequent experiences reveal the complexities
of career progression, job satisfaction, and compensation fairness within an organization. The
case illustrates the challenges faced by employees who feel undervalued and restricted in
Q3b) Do you feel that “compensation” is the only issue why Sunil Left? (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The departure of Sunil from the engineering company he worked for raises fundamental
questions about employee turnover and its underlying causes. While compensation is often a
significant factor in such decisions, it is rarely the sole reason for an employee’s departure.
Sunil’s case, involving unmet career aspirations and perceived inequities, provides an
insightful context to explore the multifaceted reasons behind employee attrition.
Understanding the broader scope of Sunil’s dissatisfaction requires a nuanced examination of
Corporate Finance
April 2024 Examination
1. With the following information, calculate Degree of Operating, Financial and Total
Leverage.
Sharma & Co. had a sales of Rs. 25, 00,000 in their jewelers making business. That year
they sold 15,000 units. The cost of production was as follows:
Raw Material 450000
Labour 750000
Factory Overheads
Fixed 120000
Variable 85000
Further the company incurred Selling and Distribution expenses of Rs. 90,000, towards
advertising and other marketing overheads. The company also had borrowed Rs. 12,00,000
@ 8% interest rate. (10 Marks)
Ans:
To calculate the Degree of Operating, Financial, and Total Leverage, we must break down the
costs and expenses and then compute the different components.
1. The Degree of Operating Leverage (DOL) determines the level of sensitivity of a
company’s operating income to modifications in its sales. It helps recognize how
efficiently a company uses its set costs to generate earnings.
Mathematically, the formula for Operating Leverage is:
Operating Leverage = Contribution Margin / Operating Income
Where:
 Contribution Margin = Sales – Variable Costs
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2. Parag is evaluating 3 options for investment of his surplus money of Rs. 5, 00,000/- for a
period of 5 years.
i. Invest it in a FD which gives him a return of 8% compounded quarterly.
ii. Invest in a Corporate Deposit at a rate of 7% compounded monthly.
iii. Invest it in a Business Proposal which gives him the following returns.
Considering the risk involved, the discounting factor is considered @10%.
As his finance advisor which option would you suggest him. Provide reasons.
Year CF
1 1, 50,000
2 3, 20,000
3 3, 45,000
4 2, 75,000
5 2, 15,000
Ans:
Introduction:
Evaluation of Investment Options for Parag’s Surplus Funds
In the quest to make the best use of financial growth and sensible investment choices, Parag is
entrusted with strategically assigning a surplus of Rs. 5, 00,000 for a five-year investment
perspective. This evaluation aims to supply comprehensive insights and suggestions on three
unique investment methods available to Parag.
The analysis compares three popular investment vehicles offering distinct recommendations and
varying risk and possible returns. The options under consideration encompass typical financial
instruments like Fixed Deposits (FDs) and Corporate Deposits, compared against a business
3. a. A project is started with an initial investment of Rs. 6, 00,000. The cash flows
generated over the next 4 years are Rs. 1,00,000 ; Rs. 2,50,000 ; Rs. 4,56,000 ; Rs. 5,74,000.
Calculate the NPV of the project at discounting rate of 11%
Also calculate the real discounting rate, when inflation is at 6% (5 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
Net Existing Value (NPV) is a cornerstone in financial analysis and investment decision-making,
representing a primary metric for analyzing the practicality and profitability of possible
investments. NPV encapsulates the significance of the time value of money, assisting in
b. M/s Tridev Limited issues bonds of Rs. 25,000/- at 10% interest rate for 10 years.
Calculate its YTM is the bonds are issued:
a. At Par
b. At Discount of 8%
c. At premium of 12%
Make your inferences about the YTM for each option. (5 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
In finance, bonds are critical financial instruments companies and governments use to raise
capital. They represent financial obligation commitments wherein the provider borrows funds
from capitalists for regular interest payments and the return of the principal amount at maturity.
Accept Maturity (YTM) is an essential statistic used to evaluate the potential return a financier
might earn from a bond if held until maturity. It is necessary because it considers the interest
Customer Relationship Management
April 2024 Examination
1. Raman is a CRM IT consultant. He has started his consultancy to advice his clients
on implementing CRM technology. What do you think will be his pitch to his
prospective clients regarding the advantages, disadvantages of CRM and its prospects.
(10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) has become an indispensable tool in the modern
business landscape, where maintaining and enhancing customer relations is paramount.
Raman, as a CRM IT consultant, finds himself at the forefront of this dynamic field. His
consultancy revolves around guiding clients through the intricacies of CRM technology
implementation, a task that demands not just technological proficiency but also an in-depth
understanding of various business processes and customer behavior. In his pitch to
prospective clients, Raman is likely to emphasize the transformative power of CRM systems
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2. Reciprocation is a wonderful way of forging relationships. With the context of CRM,
how will you use the concept of reciprocation to forge a strong relationship with your
customers, in B2B markets? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic world of Business-to-Business (B2B) markets, Customer Relationship
Management (CRM) plays a pivotal role in maintaining and enhancing business relationships.
At its core, CRM is about understanding, anticipating, and responding to the needs of current
and potential customers to foster long-term engagements. A crucial aspect of this strategy is
the principle of reciprocation, which can be a powerful tool in building strong customer
relationships. Reciprocation, rooted in social psychology, refers to the human tendency to
want to give something back when something is received. In the B2B context, this translates
3. You are the Chief Information Officer, who is about to implement, a CRM solution.
How will you:
a. Ensure correctness and strength of your database and build a database of your
customers? How will you source the data for this? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
As the Chief Information Officer (CIO) responsible for implementing a Customer
Relationship Management (CRM) solution, ensuring the correctness and strength of our
customer database is of paramount importance. A robust and accurate customer database
forms the foundation for effective CRM, enabling us to build meaningful relationships and
b. A CRM roadmap is necessary for the technological implementation. Which are the
areas (Sales, Service and Marketing) out of the 3 will you prioritize and why? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In crafting a CRM roadmap for technological implementation, the decision to prioritize
specific areas such as Sales, Service, or Marketing is pivotal. Each of these domains has its
unique importance in the customer journey, and the choice depends on the organization’s
strategic goals and immediate priorities. This response will delve into the concept of
Decision Science
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Calculate the probability for the following statements. Draw the Probability tree
diagram also.
In a medical college of Pune (a class of 100 people), 30 % people Like to have Misal-pav
on the farewell party as per the google form survey. Remaining people have chosen
vadapav. Out of those who have chosen Misal-pav 50 % said that they would eat only
Jain Misal pav. Well, 30 % of those have chosen Vadapav, also said they would have
Jain Vadapav only.
What is the stack (percent & number) of people Who will have Jain Food (including
MISal pav and Vadapav)
What is the probability of selecting a person who would eat Misal pav given that
person’s diet type is Jain. (10 Marks)
Note: Handmade drawing of Diagram is prohibited; prepare it with the help of software
like MS-Word.
Ans 1-
Introduction:
In the diverse tapestry of culinary preferences that color our social gatherings, selecting food
becomes critical, showing social dispositions and specific preferences. In this context, a
captivating circumstance unfolds within the districts of a medical university in Pune, where a
friend of 100 individuals is preparing for a farewell celebration. The menu selection for this
special event has been shaped by a precise survey through Google Forms. This survey not
only determines the choice for two iconic road foods– Misal-pav and Vadapav– but delves
deeper into the nuanced choices within these culinary realms. The appealing dynamics
include considerations for both nutritional and cultural proclivities, with participants sharing
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Q2. Write the interpretation for the following regression model. You are advised to run
the analysis using MS EXCEL.
Here Hiranmayee Dhar, an entrepreneur who is running “Pashminaa” a store of
Pashmina shawls. She is targeting customers via social media applications; she has
chosen Instagram as a platform and had also chosen REELs to advertise her products.
She is looking for a forecasting model to understand the impact of no of likes of the
REELs demonstrating product and its sales (in number of units). (10 Marks)
Reel
Number
Number
of units
sold
Number
of likes
Reel 1 24 1503
Reel 2 24 1564
Reel 3 24 1649
Reel 4 24 1882
Reel 5 26 1924
Reel 6 28 1937
Reel 7 28 1944
Reel 8 29 2086
Reel 9 30 2150
Reel 10 31 2215
Reel 11 32 2366
Reel 12 32 2472
Reel 13 35 2622
Reel 14 35 2792
Reel 15 36 2871
Reel 16 36 2973
Reel 17 38 3000
Reel 18 38 3024
Reel 19 39 3319
Reel 20 40 3336
Reel 21 41 3337
Reel 22 41 3413
Reel 23 41 3479
Reel 24 42 3577
Reel 25 46 3617
Reel 26 46 3922
Reel 27 46 4332
Reel 28 48 4562
Reel 29 48 4577
Reel 30 48 4763
Reel 31 49 4964
Write the regression model.
Discuss the R-square, Multiple R
Discuss the ANOVA
Discuss the Significance of Independent variable and B1 value.
Ans-2
Regression
Statistics
Multiple R 0.97949592
R Square 0.959412257
Adjusted R
Square 0.95801268
Standard Error 1.669041837
Observations 31
Q3.a) Draw an appropriate chart for the following. Also write your clarification for
choosing that graph. For each variable identify a time-series component present if you
consider the long- term pattern.
(5 Marks)
Table: Production of Commercial crops. (Source: RBI)
Year
Groundnut (Lakh
Tonnes)
Rapeseed &
Mustard (Lakh
Tonnes)
Soyabean (Lakh
Tonnes)
2000-01 64 42 53
2001-02 70 51 60
2002-03 41 39 47
2003-04 81 63 78
2004-05 68 76 69
2005-06 80 81 83
2006-07 49 74 89
2007-08 92 58 110
2008-09 72 72 99
2009-10 54 66 100
2010-11 83 82 127
2011-12 70 66 122
2012-13 47 80 147
2013-14 97 79 119
2014-15 74 63 104
2015-16 67 68 86
2016-17 75 79 132
2017-18 93 84 109
2018-19 67 93 133
2019-20 100 91 112
2020-21 102 102 126
2021-22 101 118 130
Note: Here you are advised to use Software like EXCEL for making Graphs, copy them
and paste in your assignment file. Snapshots are not allowed.
Ans—3 (a)
Year Year Groundnut (Lakh Tonnes)
2000-01 2000.5 64
2001-02 2001.5 70
2002-03 2002.5 41
2003-04 2003.5 81
2004-05 2004.5 68
2005-06 2005.5 80
2006-07 2006.5 49
2007-08 2007.5 92
2008-09 2008.5 72
2009-10 2009.5 54
2010-11 2010.5 83
2011-12 2011.5 70
2012-13 2012.5 47
2013-14 2013.5 97
2014-15 2014.5 74
2015-16 2015.5 67
2016-17 2016.5 75
2017-18 2017.5 93
2018-19 2018.5 67
2019-20 2019.5 100
2020-21 2020.5 102
2021-22 2021.5 101
Q3.b) Write the sampling plan for the following study. Also write, what is recommended
according to you, census survey or sample Survey?
Imagine yourself doing PhD in NMIMS, for one of your research papers you do require a
primary survey to understand the social media consumption of LinkedIn users. Your goal
is to understand why they are using LinkedIn, for how many hours a day, and their
activities they do on the same platform. You do have research questionnaire in your hand
as per your proper literature study. Now, the question is about survey and data collection.
(5 Marks)
Ans-3 (b)
Sampling Plan:
1. Population:
The target population for this study is LinkedIn users.
Define the qualities of the population, such as specialists, students, work applicants, industryspecific
teams, and so on
2. Sampling Frame:
Create a sampling frame by determining the source from which the sample will be drawn. This
could be LinkedIn user teams, firm pages, schools, or other appropriate sources.
Digital Marketing
April 2024 Examination
“FlavorFusion Ice Cream” is a chain of ice cream outlets renowned for its innovative
and out- of-the-world flavors, catering to the youth. However, in today’s digital age, the
company is facing stiff competition and declining sales due to its lack of a digital
presence.
FlavorFusion Ice Cream has a long-standing tradition of crafting unique and delectable
ice cream flavors that appeal to a youthful customer base. They even allow customers to
create and customize their own ice cream flavors in the store. For years, the company
has relied on traditional methods and in-store promotions, but its absence from the
digital landscape is now posing a significant challenge.
1. Lack of Digital Presence: FlavorFusion Ice Cream has no online presence, including a
website, social media profiles, or integration with food delivery apps. This has led to a
loss of visibility in a highly competitive market.
2. Decreased Foot Traffic: Due to the absence of a digital presence, FlavorFusion Ice
Cream is experiencing a decrease in foot traffic in its physical stores. Fewer customers
are aware of its unique offerings and are opting for competitors that are readily
accessible online.
3. Competition from Tech-Savvy Rivals: Competitors with a strong online presence are
attracting the tech-savvy youth demographic, which FlavorFusion has been unable to
tap into effectively.
4. Limited Brand Awareness: The company’s brand awareness is confined to
traditional marketing methods, limiting its reach to potential customers who rely on
digital platforms for information and ordering.
Product Variety and Pricing:
FlavorFusion Ice Cream offers an extensive range of ice cream products, including:
– Unique ice cream flavors, from traditional favorites to daring and exotic choices.
– Various sizes of ice cream servings, catering to different appetites.
– Dairy-free and low-fat options for health-conscious customers.
– Novelty ice cream items such as ice cream cakes, sandwiches, and popsicles.
The pricing strategy includes a range of price points, from affordable single servings to
premium selections, ensuring there is an option for customers with varying budgets.
Place (Distribution):
FlavorFusion Ice Cream operates in high-traffic areas, with outlets strategically located
in shopping malls, popular neighborhoods, and entertainment districts. The distribution
model focuses on ensuring easy access for consumers, especially in areas where the
youth frequent.
Traditional Promotion:
While FlavorFusion Ice Cream has relied on traditional promotion methods such as instore
sampling, seasonal discounts, and special event tie-ins, these efforts have become
less effective in reaching the tech-savvy youth demographic.
To address the challenges related to its digital absence, FlavorFusion Ice Cream must
embark on a digital transformation journey.
1. Explain various ways through which you will promote the FlavorFusion Ice Cream
on Digital Platforms. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
In the dynamic world of marketing, digital platforms have emerged as crucial channels for
promoting and enhancing brand visibility, especially for businesses like FlavorFusion Ice
Cream. Despite its strong product offering and unique customer experience, FlavorFusion Ice
Cream’s absence in the digital realm has led to decreased visibility and dwindling foot traffic,
overshadowed by competitors who have adeptly embraced digital strategies. To revitalize its
presence and appeal to its youthful demographic, FlavorFusion Ice Cream must leverage
digital marketing techniques to re-establish its brand in the minds of consumers. This digital
transition involves utilizing social media, search engine optimization (SEO), content
marketing, online advertising, and integration with online food delivery platforms. These
ve ice cream industry.
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2. Explain various types of traditional and digital pricing and also state the pricing
method that you will use for FlavorFusion Ice Cream. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
In the dynamic and competitive landscape of the ice cream industry, pricing strategy plays a
pivotal role in defining a brand’s market position and profitability. For a unique and
customer-centric brand like FlavorFusion Ice Cream, the challenge is to balance innovative
offerings with a pricing strategy that appeals to its target demographic while sustaining
business growth. Traditional pricing methods, such as cost-plus and competition-based
pricing, have their merits but may not fully capitalize on the brand’s unique value proposition.
On the other hand, digital pricing strategies, including dynamic pricing and freemium models,
3a. Explain various stages of Website Development that you will follow to create a
website for FlavorFusion Ice Cream. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
The creation of a website for FlavorFusion Ice Cream represents a pivotal step in establishing
its digital presence, essential in today’s tech-driven marketplace. The process of website
development is not merely about creating an online platform, but crafting an interactive and
engaging experience that encapsulates the brand’s unique identity and appeals to its target
audience. This development process involves several key stages, each critical to ensuring the
b. Create an early site Diagram for the website of FlavorFusion Ice Cream. Explain
each element in the diagram. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Creating an early site diagram, or sitemap, for FlavorFusion Ice Cream’s website is an
essential step in the web development process. It serves as a blueprint that outlines the
structure and hierarchy of the website’s content, ensuring that the site is organized, userfriendly,
and aligns with the company’s digital strategy. A well-designed sitemap not only
Digital Payments
April 2024 Examination
1) Analyze whether cryptocurrencies can be used as medium of exchange for
Businesses? Support your answer with examples. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Cryptocurrencies have transformed digital payments dramatically, fundamentally altering
how transactions take place today. Cryptocurrencies, or decentralized digital assets based on
blockchain technology, offer a unique combination of security, transparency, and efficiency
that has sparked global debate about their viability as a medium of exchange for businesses.
While traditional currencies are governed by national regulations and financial institutions,
cryptocurrencies operate independently to challenge conventional financial systems.
Cryptocurrencies’ widespread acceptance and rising market capitalization imply a potential
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2) Explain the concept of Near Field Communication (NFC) technology and its
applications in modern electronic devices and services. Provide one real-world scenario
where NFC is utilized to enhance user experiences and streamline interactions. Discuss
one potential security concern related to NFC and suggest a measure to mitigate this
risk. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Near Field Communication (NFC) represents an exciting milestone in digital communications
and transactions technologies, creating an innovative change to how we engage with
electronic devices and services. NFC (Near Field Communication) is an innovative wireless
technology used for short-range communication that typically only needs 4 cm or less to
establish a connection. This revolutionary technology has become seamlessly integrated into
modern devices, such as smartphones, tablets and smartwatches, changing the landscape of
digital transactions and data exchange. NFC technology stands out for its ease and speed,
facilitating quick, secure interactions in a range of everyday scenarios – from contactless
r digital ecosystem; constantly adapting to meet modern society’s dynamic requirements.
3) You are a financial advisor working with a nonprofit organization that focuses on
providing humanitarian aid in remote areas. The organization is looking to adopt digital
payment solutions to streamline donation collections and aid distribution.
a) Develop a detailed proposal outlining the benefits of digital payment adoption for the
organization’s mission, including increased transparency, efficiency, and donor
engagement. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Digital payment solutions present nonprofit organizations — especially those involved with
humanitarian aid efforts in remote regions — with an immense opportunity for expansion.
This trend reflects both global financial transactions as well as donors’ preferences and
operational needs related to aid distribution. In this proposal, we will outline the numerous
advantages digital payment solutions can bring, such as increased transparency, improved
b) Describe the types of digital payment methods suitable for the organization’s needs,
the required infrastructure, and any potential challenges or risks. Provide real-world
examples of other nonprofits that have successfully leveraged digital payments for
similar purposes and explain how these examples could serve as inspiration for the
proposed solution. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
With financial technology advancing at such a rapid rate, selecting suitable digital payment
methods is increasingly essential for nonprofit organizations operating in remote regions.
Decision-makers need to find solutions that align with their organization’s unique
requirements – for instance, nature of operations, donor preferences and socioeconomic
context of aid recipients. This section seeks to identify appropriate digital payment methods
Employee Development & Talent Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. In order to obtain a competitive edge, the Microsoft Corporation uses its human
resource practises and policies as a strategy to propel both the general success of the
business and its globalisation initiatives. You want to establish a strong talent
management practise for your business as the HR head of the company. What steps will
you follow for an effective Talent management system in the company? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the ever-evolving corporate landscape, talent management has emerged as a pivotal aspect
of organizational success, particularly in technology giants like Microsoft Corporation. As the
Head of Human Resources, the challenge lies not only in attracting top talent but also in
effectively managing and nurturing this human capital to align with the company’s strategic
objectives. The cornerstone of a successful talent management system is its ability to
integrate seamlessly with the overarching goals of the organization, thereby fostering an
environment of continuous development and innovation. This approach not only caters to the
immediate needs of the business but also prepares it for future challenges and global
expansion. Implementing an effective talent management system involves a comprehensive
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Q2. ABC Pharmaceuticals has an employee strength of 4500. They conduct the
employee survey regularly to asses the satisfaction level of the employees and offer
benefits and solution. According to a recent poll by the company’s human resources
department, the employees have low morale and express a lot of irritation and
unhappiness. Trade unions are taking advantage of the circumstance. Hence, the
management of the company wants to take steps for boosting up the morale of the
employees. Suggest the strategies that the company can adopt to motivate its employees.
(10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
ABC Pharmaceuticals, with a considerable workforce of 4500 employees, faces a critical
juncture in its organizational health. The recent employee survey, revealing low morale and
widespread dissatisfaction, signals a concerning trend that could significantly impact
productivity and organizational stability. This unsettling discovery is further complicated by
the involvement of trade unions, which may exploit the situation, potentially leading to labor
disputes or disruptions. In this context, it becomes imperative for the company’s management
to address these issues proactively. Employee motivation is not just a human resource
concern; it is a strategic imperative that directly influences the company’s success and
Q3. Swati Gupta recently completed her fourth year with Microsoft Services
Corporation. In her position as customer support specialist, she consistently received
high performance evaluations -until recently. Indeed, her most recent evaluation,
completed three weeks ago, rated her as “less than satisfactory.” Her supervisor,
Nootan Katira, wondered why this previously strong employee had fallen so quickly.
Nootan had just returned from a meeting with her boss, Khushbu Sanon, when again
the subject of Swati came up. Khushbu suggested that Nootan look through Swati’s past
work-records to try to find some clues about what happened and what they should do
now.
Nootan closed the door to her office, sat at her desk, and pulled Swati’s personnel folder
from her desk drawer. As she flipped through the materials in the folder, Swati’s story
came into better focus. About six months ago, Swati started taking longer lunch breaks
given the cramped quarters in which Nootan’s Customer Support Department
worked and the demanding routines they had to follow, it was easy to notice her
stretching her regular lunch period by 10 or 15 minutes. Once she even stretched it for a
full 25 minutes. Since it was the holiday season, Nootan took no specific action.
However, her occasional remarks reminding Swati of the lunch break schedules would
produce an uncharacteristically evasive, defensive response from Swati. On at least two
occasions, she nodded off to sleep at her desk after returning from lunch.
The pattern of lateness continued. Nootan also began to notice that Swati had
real difficulty completing her work, making decisions and solving her problems. She
even had arguments with several co-workers. Nootan could see that a previously valued
and productive member of her department had for some reason, fallen well below
accepted work standards and believed that high level of employee engagement is
required in the company which is possible only when employee is happy and satisfied
with his/her job and is willing to go extra mile.
3a.As a strategist specialized in HR, suggest the strategies to enhance employee
engagement in the company (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The case of Swati Gupta at Microsoft Services Corporation presents a classic scenario of
declining employee engagement, a challenge that many organizations face. Despite her
history of high performance, Swati’s recent behavioral changes and decreased productivity
signal underlying issues that need addressing. Employee engagement is a critical factor in an
organization’s success, influencing not only individual performance but also team dynamics
and overall company health. To enhance employee engagement, especially in situations like
3b. Assume that Swati Gupta was unable to balance her work and family life and
therefore she behaved irresponsibly. What work-life balance initiatives can be taken by
the company to help employees like Swati overcome stressful situations and create high
organisational commitment? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The scenario of Swati Gupta at Microsoft Services Corporation highlights a prevalent issue in
modern workplaces: the challenge of maintaining a healthy work-life balance. When
employees like Swati struggle to juggle professional responsibilities with personal life, it
often leads to stress, burnout, and reduced organizational commitment. Addressing this
imbalance is not just beneficial for the employee’s well-being but is also crucial for
Enterprise Resource Planning
April 2024 Examination
Read the case study – ‘SynGenta Pharma experiences ERP troubles’ and answer the
following questions:
https://adhocfilesngasce.s3.ap-south-
1.amazonaws.com/academics/1697870452rFTlm.pdf
1. Explain the reasons for SynGenta Pharma moving from the legacy system to the new
ERP environment. Was the timing of this decision correct? (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
SynGenta Pharma’s transition from a legacy system to a new ERP environment epitomizes
the quintessential challenge many large corporations face in the digital era: adapting to
technological advancements to maintain competitive edge. This case study delves into the
rationale and timing of SynGenta Pharma’s significant shift towards an ERP system,
specifically focusing on the ERP product ‘ERProc’. The decision, influenced by the dynamic
and competitive nature of the US pharmaceutical distribution industry, aimed to enhance
supply chain efficiency and cost management. However, this transformation was not just a
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2. Analyze the reasons for the failure of the ERP implementation from a risk
management perspective. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The case of SynGenta Pharma’s ERP implementation challenges exemplifies the complexities
and risks inherent in adopting large-scale enterprise systems. This situation presents a classic
scenario where a high-stakes technology project, despite the best intentions and substantial
investments, encounters significant hurdles. Analyzing this case from a risk management
perspective reveals a series of missteps and oversights that collectively led to the project’s
failure. Understanding these factors is crucial for organizations aiming to navigate the
treacherous waters of ERP implementation. This analysis delves into the myriad factors that
contributed to this outcome, offering insights into how better risk management could have
3. Keeping the above case as a reference,
a. Compare and contrast between On-Premise vs. On-cloud ERP deployment.
Integration of Supply Chain Management (SCM) with the ERP. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The SynGenta Pharma case illuminates the complexities inherent in ERP system
implementation, particularly highlighting the implications of choosing between on-premise
and on-cloud deployments. This choice, along with the integration of Supply Chain
Management (SCM) with ERP, plays a critical role in the success or failure of such systems.
On-premise ERP involves hosting the software on the company’s own servers, while on-cloud
b. Integration of Supply Chain Management (SCM) with the ERP. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The integration of Supply Chain Management (SCM) with Enterprise Resource Planning
(ERP) systems is a critical aspect of modern business strategy, as vividly illustrated by the
SynGenta Pharma case. This integration is pivotal in streamlining business processes,
enhancing data accuracy, and improving decision-making efficiency. SCM focuses on the
Entrepreneurship and Venture Capital Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. “Innovation is the driver of progress and success in business.” Explain the
statement. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
In the ever-evolving landscape of business, the role of innovation has become increasingly
prominent. Innovation is not merely an option; it is the very driver of progress and success in
the business world. This statement encapsulates the fundamental essence of how businesses
thrive, adapt, and ultimately lead in their respective industries. In this essay, we will delve
into the concept of innovation as the engine of progress and success in business, exploring its
multifaceted nature and its profound impact. Through a comprehensive analysis, we will
uncover why innovation is not only desirable but imperative for businesses to remain
competitive and relevant.
Concept and application
Innovation as the Driver of Progress and Success in Business
Innovation is the catalyst that propels businesses forward, paving the way for progress and
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Q2. Vaso Biotech is a Pharma Company owned by Aziz, a sole proprietor. Employees
being the biggest asset of the organization, Aziz was finding it difficult to involve each
employee to work dedicatedly for a common goal, which is eventually affecting the
business. Kindly advise Aziz what could be done in this situation so that the business
could be a great success. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of pharmaceutical entrepreneurship, where innovation and rapid
adaptation are key, Vaso Biotech, a sole proprietorship owned by Aziz, faces a quintessential
challenge: aligning individual employee efforts towards a unified organizational goal. The
success of a pharma company like Vaso Biotech hinges not just on groundbreaking research
and development but also on the cohesive and dedicated performance of its workforce. As
employees are the cornerstone of any enterprise, their disengagement can significantly
impede progress, especially in a field as intricate and competitive as pharmaceuticals. Aziz’s
predicament underscores a common issue in many entrepreneurial ventures – the struggle to
Q3. Binu and Roshini are best friends who wanted to start a business. They have done
their MBA and wanted to do something unique. So, they decided to start a business of
pet friendly café where they are planning to offer pet foods along with snacks and
beverages pet owners. They are feeling if the business does not run well, it will
affect their friendship.
a) According to you what form of ownership will be best in this situation. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Binu and Roshini’s entrepreneurial vision of starting a pet-friendly café is an exciting venture
that combines their MBA knowledge with a passion for creating a unique experience for pet
owners and their pets. However, their concern about the potential impact on their friendship if
the business encounters challenges is valid and needs careful consideration. The choice of the
business’s legal structure plays a crucial role in shaping their working relationship, financial
b) What kind of funding will be suitable for this business? Justify your answer. (5
Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Securing appropriate funding is a pivotal step in launching Binu and Roshini’s pet-friendly
café, a concept that marries hospitality with pet care. The nature of this venture – innovative
yet with palpable risks – requires a funding strategy that aligns with its unique business
model, growth objectives, and the founders’ risk appetite. The chosen funding method must
support not just the initial setup but also the operational and expansion plans of the café.
Essentials of HRM
April 2024 Examination
1. Explain the appraisal method you would recommend that would be more effective
for the hourly employees? Explain any one or two specific appraisal methods for the
delivery driver position and discuss why the specific method would be useful? (10
Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Human Resource Management (HRM) plays a pivotal role in the success of an organization,
particularly in the management and evaluation of its employees. Appraisal methods are
essential tools in HRM, facilitating the assessment of employee performance, identifying
areas for improvement, and aligning individual objectives with organizational goals. For
hourly employees, such as delivery drivers, selecting an appropriate appraisal method is
crucial, as their roles are often dynamic and performance-centric. The chosen method must
not only be fair and objective but also tailored to the unique aspects of their job. This ensures
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2. Explain how realistic job previews (RJPs) operate. As a manager or business owner,
would you use them? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Realistic Job Previews (RJPs) are a crucial element in the human resource management
process, particularly in the hiring phase. Their core function is to provide potential employees
with a balanced, accurate depiction of what to expect in a specific role, encompassing both
positive and negative aspects. This transparency aims to align expectations, reducing the
likelihood of job dissatisfaction and high turnover rates. RJPs are instrumental in fostering a
mutual understanding between the employer and prospective employees, ensuring that the
latter are well-informed about the realities of the job before committing. As a tool, they are
versatile and can be presented through various mediums like written materials, videos, or on-
3. Sakshi, former senior vice president of human resources for Turbo International,
took over her job just after numerous charges forced the company’s previous board of
directors and top executives to leave the firm. Hired by new CEO Eshan Bhatt, Sakshi
had to tackle numerous difficult problems starting the moment she assumed office. For
example, she had to help hire a new management team. She had to do something about
what the outside world viewed as a culture of questionable ethics at her company. And
she had to do something about the company’s top-management compensation plan,
which many felt contributed to the allegations by some that some former company
officers had used the company as a sort of private ATM.
Sakshi came to Turbo after a very impressive career. For example, she had been the
head of executive compensation at Allied Signal, and was a graduate of the Harvard
Business School. But, as strong as her background was, she obviously had her work cut
out for her when she took the senior vice president of HR position at Turbo
a. What human resource management-related steps did Sakshi take to help get Turbo
back on the right track? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Sakshi’s entry into Turbo International as the Senior Vice President of Human Resources
came at a tumultuous time for the company. Tasked with steering the HR department amidst a
backdrop of ethical challenges and managerial upheaval, Sakshi’s expertise and experience
were crucial for reestablishing stability and credibility. Her situation required a strategic and
multi-faceted approach to human resource management, focusing on rebuilding the
b. What, if anything might you have done differently if you had been in Ms. Sakshi’s
position? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Assuming the role of a Senior Vice President of Human Resources in a scenario similar to
Ms. Sakshi’s at Turbo International, one is confronted with multifaceted challenges
encompassing leadership voids, ethical dilemmas, and compensation controversies. While
Ms. Sakshi’s approach was comprehensive and strategic, there is always room for alternative
Financial Accounting & Analysis
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Prachi Industries purchased a land worth 2 crores, office fixtures and furniture
worth Rs 50 lakhs. Five years back the company has purchased an investment property
for Rs 5 crores out of which today they disposed of 20% of the property, at a realizable
value of Rs 3 crores. As a consultant to the company discuss as per the needs of
corporate reporting the nature of these items, how the above items needs to be
presented and disclosed in the corporate financial statement. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The realm of financial accounting and analysis necessitates a meticulous approach to the
classification, presentation, and disclosure of various assets. In the case of Prachi Industries,
the company’s recent financial activities—including the purchase of land, office fixtures,
furniture, and the disposal of a portion of their investment property—highlight the importance
of these principles. This discussion focuses on the treatment of these items in corporate
financial statements. The nature of each asset—whether it’s a tangible fixed asset like land
and office fixtures or an investment property—determines its accounting treatment in terms
of recognition, measurement, and disclosure. The company’s financial statements should not
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Q2. Ms. Shravani , our accounts manager, is responsible for overseeing financial
activities at Mogra Enterprises. She ensures accurate bookkeeping and compliance with
accounting assumptions. Her junior executive is confused about how the various
accounting assumptions plays a vital role in accounting. Further she wants Ms
Shravani to help her in understanding the difference between the accounting period
assumption and separate entity assumption, Discuss how (you being) Ms. Shravani
would like to explain all these in simple terms. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic field of financial accounting, the foundational principles, known as
accounting assumptions, play a crucial role in guiding and standardizing the accounting
practices. At Mogra Enterprises, Ms. Shravani, the accounts manager, stands at the forefront
of implementing these assumptions to ensure the integrity and accuracy of financial reporting.
Among these, the accounting period assumption and the separate entity assumption are
particularly significant. These assumptions not only shape the framework of financial
recording and analysis but also influence decision-making processes within the organization.
Q3. Perform the common Size analysis for the year (5*2—-10 Marks)
a. 2021
b. 2022
Statements of Income
2021 2022
Operating revenues 9,56,690 9,12,813
Operating expenses
Personnel 1,13,433 1,32,080
Fuel 1,28,076 1,00,058
Purchased power 1,54,910 1,34,488
Depreciation 1,44,622 1,56,469
Maintenance 92,717 86,261
Taxes other than income taxes 63,266 63,220
Purchased services 38,392 35,948
Other 1,01,513 1,04,850
8,36,929 8,13,374
Operating income 1,19,761 99,439
Other expenses (income):
Interest expense 36,727 36,771
Interest income ( 61) ( 82)
Loss on impairment of fixed assets 4,089 0
Other, net 4,325 1,556
45,080 38,245
Income before special item and
income taxes
74,681 61,194
Special item:
Reserve for drought 1,747 712
Provision for income taxes:
Current 25,061 28,457
Deferred 1,374 (7,504)
Net income 46,499 39,529
Ans 3.
Introduction
Common size analysis, a vital tool in financial accounting, plays a crucial role in
understanding a company’s financial health. This approach simplifies the comparison of
financial statements over different periods by converting the figures into percentages of a
common base. For a statement of income, this common base is typically the operating
revenues. This method provides a clear picture of the company’s operational efficiency, cost
structure, and profitability trends over time. By examining the common size statements for
the years 2021 and 2022, one can discern significant changes in the company’s financial
dynamics. This analysis is particularly useful for stakeholders, including investors, creditors,
Financial Institutions and Markets
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Ms. Vijaya, after completing her graduation, has recently joined a bank. With a
steady income now and good growth prospects for her career, she intends to save
regularly and increase the amount of savings gradually over the years. Her colleagues in
the bank have advised her investing in Mutual Funds (MFs), as a suitable option for
her. However, Ms. Vijaya is not at all familiar with MFs .You are required to help her
with basic information on MF ,the various types of MF and why should she be investing
through mutual fund? Prepare a detailed answer for her queries. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Mutual funds have emerged as a popular investment vehicle for individuals seeking to grow
their savings. For Ms. Vijaya, a newcomer to the world of investing, mutual funds offer a
unique opportunity to diversify her portfolio, even with limited knowledge and experience in
financial markets. These funds pool money from various investors to invest in a diverse array
of assets, managed by professional fund managers. The attractiveness of mutual funds lies in
their ability to offer exposure to a wide range of investments, which might be difficult for an
individual investor to achieve independently. Additionally, mutual funds are known for their
flexibility, liquidity, and the potential for higher returns compared to traditional savings
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Q2. Mr. Rajiv Kumar, after completing his MBA from a prestigious management
institute, has joined the treasury department of a leading Indian bank in Mumbai. He is
assigned to the team responsible for managing the day-to-day liquidity of the bank.
Explain in detail the need for liquidity management in banks and explain any three
money market instrument. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Liquidity management in banks is a critical aspect of financial operations, pivotal for both the
stability and functionality of the banking sector. For Mr. Rajiv Kumar, embarking on his
career in the treasury department of a leading Indian bank, understanding the intricacies of
liquidity management is vital. Liquidity, in banking terms, refers to the ability of a bank to
meet its financial obligations as they fall due without incurring unacceptable losses. Effective
liquidity management ensures that a bank can fulfill its short-term commitments, like
withdrawals by depositors, while also funding its lending activities. This balance is essential
Q.3 (a) LMH Ltd. has floated an Investment Company. You are appointed as the
manager to spread the investment in secondary market. In order to initiate these
investments, explain the steps that you will follow in the trading mechanism in the
secondary market. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
As the newly appointed manager for LMH Ltd.’s Investment Company, focusing on
investments in the secondary market, it is crucial to understand and effectively navigate the
trading mechanism of this market. The secondary market is where securities are traded after
being initially offered in the primary market. It plays a vital role in the capital market by
providing liquidity and price discovery for financial instruments such as stocks, bonds, and
Q.3 (b). “State intervention is vital for any economic progress of a nation” In view of the
above statement highlight the importance of state intervention in Indian context. (5
marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
State intervention plays a pivotal role in shaping the economic landscape of a nation,
especially in a diverse and rapidly developing economy like India’s. The statement “State
intervention is vital for any economic progress of a nation” holds particular significance in
the Indian context, where the government’s role extends beyond regulation and into direct
Information Systems for Managers
April 2024 Examination
1. Goodwill Bakery has now its several branches across different cities in India. This
bakery has started a small shop in New Delhi and then expanded their bakery business
across several states of the Country. Initially, when they started, they have appointed
different personnels to keep a track of products sold, orders given and inventory
required. With the expansion of business in different cities, Goodwill Bakery are now
finding it difficult to manage/ track the details at national level and to get an overview of
product details across all stores of various cities. They contacted a solution providing
firm to get solution of the same and were told to shift their business to Cloud wherein,
all the operations of different stores can be monitored/detailed out very easily. Discuss
how shifting/migrating to Cloud technology will help Goodwill Bakery to smoothen up
the process of monitoring details from one location for other stores across various cities.
Also, discuss which types of cloud and cloud services will be suitable for Goodwill
bakery. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Goodwill Bakery, a flourishing enterprise with multiple branches across India, began as a
modest venture in New Delhi. As they expanded across several states, managing the
intricacies of operations such as tracking sales, orders, and inventory became increasingly
complex. With each branch operating somewhat autonomously, the central management
struggled to maintain a cohesive and efficient oversight. The bakery’s decision to consult a
solution provider led to a pivotal recommendation: migrating their operations to the cloud.
This transition is not just a technological upgrade but a strategic move to centralize and
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2. The E-Business platform is booming a lot these days. Almost all individuals have
accepted the E-Commerce technology for their daily requirements. Most of the retailers
have joined hands with various E-commerce Companies for selling their products.
Discuss how the retailers are getting benefitted by choosing these e- commerce
platforms. Which type of sellers are being benefitted most by choosing the e-commerce
platform (Explain with help of some Statistics) and will the e- commerce technology will
see the downfall? Discuss your views for all the above points by choosing any one ECommerce
platform as an example. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The surge in e-business platforms has revolutionized the retail industry, marking a significant
shift from traditional brick-and-mortar stores to the digital marketplace. This transformation
has been driven by the widespread acceptance of e-commerce technology, which has become
integral to daily consumer activities. Retailers, ranging from local vendors to multinational
brands, have increasingly turned to e-commerce platforms as a strategic avenue to expand
their reach, enhance customer engagement, and boost sales. The integration of e-commerce
into retail strategies is not just a trend but a fundamental change in how business is
conducted. This transition has opened new opportunities and presented unique challenges for
retailers. By delving into the dynamics of e-commerce platforms, specifically focusing on one
3. Saviant Technology Solutions is new IT Company with the motive of providing
solutions to different Organisations by catering to their specific product requirements.
This Company has received the Project Development Task which is not much Complex
in nature and the requirements are also to some extent clear. As a new venture, this
organization is not fully aware of the different vulnerabilities and threats to the data
of the Organization. Considering the above scenarios, discuss the following:
a)Discuss the various threats and vulnerabilities related to Saviant Technology. Also,
explain what are the security measures need to be adopted by Saviant Technology
Solutions for avoiding the threats. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Saviant Technology Solutions, as a burgeoning IT company, faces a distinct set of challenges
in safeguarding its data and systems. In an era where data is a valuable asset, understanding
and mitigating threats and vulnerabilities is crucial for maintaining the integrity, availability,
and confidentiality of information. As the company embarks on its project development tasks,
it is imperative to identify potential risks and implement robust security measures. This
b) Explain which Software Development Life Cycle model needs to be implemented by
Saviant Technology Solutions for development of the Project stated in the above
Scenario. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Selecting an appropriate Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) model is a critical
decision for Saviant Technology Solutions as it embarks on its project development. The
chosen SDLC model will dictate the approach to project management, design, development,
and testing, impacting the project’s overall success. Given the project’s nature – not overly
International Business
April 2024 Examination
1. After achieving great success in manufacturing textile apparels in India, your
company is keen on expanding the business globally. Discuss the challenges of
marketing your product globally and suggest measures to overcome them? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The globalization of business operations, particularly in industries like textile apparel, has
presented unique opportunities and challenges for companies looking to expand their
footprint beyond national borders. For a company that has found success in manufacturing
textile apparels in India, the transition from a domestic market to an international arena is a
significant step. This move requires a strategic understanding of diverse market dynamics,
consumer behaviors, and regulatory environments. The global textile market is characterized
by intense competition, cultural diversity, and constantly evolving fashion trends, which
demands a nuanced approach to marketing and brand positioning. As the company prepares
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2) Economists such as Dani Rodrik and Ha Joon Chang have argued that WTO only
serves the interests of multinational corporations, undermines local development,
penalizes poor countries and is increasing inequality. Comment on the above and
suggest the changes in your opinion WTO should embark on, so as to promote
developing economies. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The World Trade Organization (WTO), established as the lynchpin of global trade relations,
aims to foster international trade and economic cooperation. However, this noble pursuit has
been marred by criticism from prominent economists like Dani Rodrik and Ha Joon Chang.
They contend that the WTO predominantly caters to the interests of multinational
corporations, at the expense of local economies and development, especially in poorer
nations. This criticism hinges on the argument that the WTO’s policies inadvertently
perpetuate inequality, privileging the developed world while penalizing the developing
nations. This perspective demands a critical examination of the WTO’s operational
framework and its impact on global economic disparity. The discussion around this issue is
3) Read the following case study carefully and then answer the questions that follow:
India’s manufacturing infrastructure demonstrates enormous capabilities to develop
EVs and e-bikes at a reduced cost. Subsequently, the government is doing its part by
offering financial incentives and subsidies for e-bike manufacturing. In spite of
competition, you see that South Africa has a huge potential and plan to expand your
retail operations in South Africa.
a) In your opinion, what are various Market Entry strategies that you would like to
approach for the launch of your products? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The burgeoning electric vehicle (EV) and e-bike market in India, bolstered by substantial
manufacturing capabilities and government incentives, presents a unique opportunity for
expansion into new markets. South Africa, with its untapped potential in the EV sector,
emerges as an ideal candidate for such expansion. However, entering a new market requires a
well-considered strategy that accounts for local market dynamics, consumer behavior, and
b) In your opinion what are what are various incentives our government should offer to
promote the use of EV vehicles and to export them globally? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The shift towards electric vehicles (EVs) represents a significant step in achieving sustainable
transportation. To accelerate this transition and establish a global footprint in the EV market,
it’s crucial for governments to implement a robust framework of incentives. These incentives
not only stimulate domestic usage of EVs but also bolster their export potential, positioning
International Finance
April 2024 Examination
Q1. How FCNR (B) can be termed as a Crucial* Account for NRI while Transferring any
Amount of Sum to their relatives / Family members in India ? Elaborate the views (10
Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
The Foreign Currency Non-Resident (FCNR) Bank Account has emerged as a crucial financial
instrument for Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) seeking to transfer funds to their relatives or family
members in India. This specific account assists NRIs in maintaining their foreign earnings in an
assigned foreign currency, enabling them to secure their money against exchange rate
fluctuations. Established under the regulative framework of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI),
FCNR (B) accounts act as an essential conduit for NRIs to remit funds safely and successfully to
their loved ones in India.
The financial landscape for NRIs has advanced dramatically, with FCNR (B) accounts playing a
central role in their financial planning. The account permits NRIs to make down payments and
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Q2. After closure of Bretton Woods System & Gold Standard at 50 Countries Delegates the
New Currency system emerged at International Finance regime for the Exchange Rate.
This is post Fixed Exchange Rate & Gold Standard. Enumerate exchange rate and describe
which of the exchange rate system operates in the current scenario? (10 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
The closure of the Bretton Woods System and the Gold Standard noted a zero hour in the
background of international finance. These systems, created to stabilize currencies and facilitate
the international profession, encountered significant obstacles, bringing about their ultimate
death. The Bretton Woods System, established in 1944, pegged significant currencies to the
value of gold and the U.S. buck, offering security and predictability in exchange rates. However,
economic pressures, such as the rising cost of living in the USA and professional imbalances
among countries, rendered the system unsustainable. As a result, the gold standard was deserted,
3a) What is the Cruciality of Current Account in BOP – Balance of Payment as
Fundamental aspect of International Trade & Finance, why it can stand out as most
different and Preliminary? (5 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
In international profession and finance, the Balance of Payments (BOP) is an extensive record of
a country’s economic purchases with the remainder of the world over a specific period. It
comprises the present, resources, and financial accounts, each playing a pivotal role in mirroring
a nation’s economic health and communications in the worldwide market.
The current account, a vital part of the BOP, delineates the circulation of goods, solutions,
3b) Elaborate as how IRP (Interest Rate Parity) forms the crucial significance in Foreign
Exchange Rate Determination as a repercussion of Global Interest Rate co-ordination to
respective 2 pairs of International Currencies Exchange Rate (5 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
Interest Rate Parity (IRP) is a fundamental concept in international finance crucial in figuring out
foreign exchange rates between various currencies. It establishes a connection between interest,
the rising cost of living, and exchange rates, adding significantly to the international financial
system’s security and predictability.
IRP is founded on the no-arbitrage concept, suggesting that investors cannot make risk-free
profits by using differences in interest rates between two countries in an effective market. In
International Logistics & Supply Chain Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. An Indian dairy products company is planning its international foray beginning
with exporting ice-creams & flavored milk beverages. It has chosen the Middle East &
Singapore markets to begin with. Discuss the key considerations the company must
deliberate upon, and accordingly suggest an appropriate supply chain strategy for the
exports venture. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The international expansion of an Indian dairy company into the Middle East and Singapore
markets represents a significant step in its growth strategy, particularly with the export of ice
creams and flavored milk beverages. This venture requires careful consideration of various
intricate aspects of international logistics and supply chain management. In this dynamic
environment, the company must navigate a complex array of challenges including cultural
differences, regulatory compliance, climatic factors, and logistical intricacies specific to
perishable dairy products. The task involves not just the physical transportation of goods but
also entails strategic planning to ensure product integrity, cost-efficiency, and market
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Q2. An Indian eye-wear products manufacturer has a well-established distribution
channel comprising of distributors & independent retailers as well as its own retail
stores in India which are serviced through a 3PL service provider. The manufacturer
has now set its eye on the D2C (direct-to-consumer) market for which it is working on
the logistics setup. What factors must the manufacturer consider for its D2C
distribution logistics, and how, if at all, are they different from those of its traditional
distribution channel comprising of distributors & retailers? Provide your
recommendation, with justification, of the logistics strategy of having the same 3PL
provider for both the markets or having two different 3PL providers for the two
markets. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The evolution of the eyewear industry in India, particularly the shift towards Direct-to-
Consumer (D2C) marketing, presents a unique set of challenges and opportunities for
logistics and supply chain management. As an established Indian eyewear manufacturer
transitions from a traditional distribution network involving distributors and retailers to
embracing the D2C model, it faces a pivotal decision regarding the optimization of its
distribution logistics. This shift necessitates a careful examination of the factors influencing
D2C logistics, which differ significantly from conventional distribution channels. Key
considerations include customer expectations, delivery speed, inventory management, and
Q3. An Indian jewellery manufacturer specializing in gold & silver jewellery wholesales
its products to retailers across India. Having established its credibility with retailers for
gold & silver jewellery, it has planned to expand into diamond jewellery for which it will
need to import diamonds which will be polished and used for making jewellery products
in India.
a. What factors must the jewellery manufacturer consider for importing the diamonds,
and from which countries can it import them? How can the company best facilitate such
import procurement from those countries? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Expanding into the diamond jewellery market represents a significant milestone for an Indian
jewellery manufacturer, especially one with established credibility in gold and silver
jewellery. This venture into diamond jewellery necessitates importing unpolished diamonds,
introducing new dimensions to the manufacturer’s supply chain and procurement strategy.
Importing diamonds requires careful consideration of various factors including sourcing,
legal compliance, cost, and quality assurance. Additionally, identifying suitable countries for
.
b. Explain the role of government agencies in this process, and the related aspects that
the company will now have to handle. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The importation of diamonds for jewellery manufacturing involves not only strategic business
planning but also significant interaction with government agencies. These agencies play a
crucial role in regulating, facilitating, and monitoring the import process. Understanding the
role of these government entities and the related aspects that a company must manage is vital
International Marketing
April 2024 Examination
1. India received the highest annual FDI inflows, in recent years. While FDI and FII
bring in foreign capital, which is essential for a country’s economic development.
However, they also cause damage to small and medium enterprises who lack economy of
scales in home country. In your opinion, do you think we should permit FDI and FII to
invest in our country? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Foreign Institutional Investment (FII) have been pivotal
in shaping the economic landscapes of developing countries, including India. In recent years,
India has witnessed a surge in FDI inflows, marking its emergence as an attractive destination
for international investors. This influx of foreign capital plays a crucial role in stimulating
economic growth, enhancing technological advancements, and creating employment
opportunities. However, this phenomenon also brings with it a set of challenges. Small and
Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in India, which form the backbone of the economy, often find
themselves grappling with the intense competition and market dominance exerted by
multinational corporations. This disparity raises a significant question about the balance
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2. Chinese brands commanded 75% of India’s smartphone market in 2022, down from
76% in 2021. What would be your strategy to promote and manufacture more of Indian
brands in India? Also, express your opinion on the impact of iPhone manufacturing in
India. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In 2022, Chinese smartphone brands dominated the Indian market, holding a 75% share,
slightly down from 76% in 2021. This scenario underscores the intense competition in one of
the world’s largest and fastest-growing smartphone markets. Addressing this dynamic market
landscape requires a multifaceted strategy focused on promoting and manufacturing Indian
smartphone brands domestically. The strategy should encompass aspects like innovation,
pricing, marketing, and leveraging local consumer preferences. Additionally, the recent shift
towards manufacturing iPhones in India presents a significant development in the industry. It
3. Read the following case study carefully and then answer the questions that follow:
ABC Motors, a renowned foreign automotive manufacturer, entered the Indian
market with high hopes of capitalizing on the growing demand for automobiles. They
decided to establish a manufacturing plant in India, hoping to tap into the vast Indian
consumer base. ABC Motors faced the challenge of meeting the Indian government’s
strict conditions, which required a significant portion of their vehicle components to be
sourced locally. This posed a logistical nightmare, as many specialized components were
not readily available in the Indian market. The foreign company was accustomed to
international standards, and there was skepticisms about the reliability of locally
sourced materials and components. A few challenges ABC Motors will face – they have
to invest heavily in setting up local supply chains, which increased production costs, lead
to delays in production. This, in turn, affected their ability to meet market demand and
capitalize on market trends effectively. These added costs and dealing with the Indian
government’s bureaucracy and navigating the complexities added an additional layer of
challenge. Delays in approvals and changing regulations further exacerbated the
situation. This in turn made their vehicles less competitive in the Indian market.
a. Determine the specific non-tariff barrier addressed in the case and clarify its main
purpose for implementation. (5marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The case study discusses the challenges faced by ABC Motors, a foreign automotive
manufacturer, upon entering the Indian market. One of the key obstacles they encountered
was related to the compliance with the Indian government’s stringent conditions for sourcing
a significant portion of vehicle components locally. This condition imposed by the Indian
government represents a specific non-tariff barrier, which will be explored further in this
b. Outline three strategies that ABC can develop to ensure the success of this
transaction in Indian market. (5marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
To overcome the challenges posed by the Indian government’s Local Content Requirements
and ensure the success of their transaction in the Indian market, ABC Motors can employ
strategic approaches that align with both compliance and competitiveness. These strategies
are essential for navigating the complexities of the Indian automotive
Lean Six Sigma
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Discuss the application of DMAIC methodology and associated tools for enhancing
business processes within an electric two-wheeler manufacturing company. Make a list
of any 5 process audits that can be used in an electric two-wheeler manufacturing
company and explain at least 2 such audits. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The application of the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) methodology
in the realm of electric two-wheeler manufacturing represents a strategic approach to enhance
operational efficiency and product quality. This methodology, integral to Lean Six Sigma
practices, focuses on identifying and eliminating defects in manufacturing processes. The
electric two-wheeler industry, characterized by its emphasis on innovation, sustainability, and
efficiency, demands stringent quality control and continuous process improvement to stay
competitive. The DMAIC framework offers a structured, data-driven approach to identify
bottlenecks, reduce waste, and optimize performance. Implementing this methodology in
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Q2. Imagine yourself being a six-sigma project leader for an online taxi-cab service in
India. Develop a fishbone diagram to outline potential issues (select any five)
encountered by online taxi-cab services that accept customer orders via their app.
Additionally, elucidate the procedural stages of Failure Mode and Effects Analysis
(FMEA), providing illustrative examples for each sequential step. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of online taxi-cab services in India, adopting a Six Sigma approach
is pivotal for enhancing service quality and customer satisfaction. As a Six Sigma project
leader for such a service, it is crucial to identify and address the myriad challenges that can
impede operational efficiency and customer experience. This exploration will involve the
construction of a fishbone diagram, a tool essential for categorizing and visualizing potential
issues. These issues, selected based on their relevance and impact, offer a comprehensive
understanding of the obstacles faced in this domain. Furthermore, the concept of Failure
Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) will be elucidated. FMEA is a systematic, step-by-step
Q3. A growing Ed-tech company in India is looking to hire technical staff for expanding
operations. Many hiring managers have grumbled that the HR dept. is not recruiting
staff fast enough, and the HR director came to know that you have completed a Lean
Six Sigma course therefore, he/she appoints you as the team lead to analyze the
recruitment and hiring process. The HR department does the sourcing of candidates
themselves and only occasionally works with external recruitment agencies on an ad-hoc
basis. The Ed-tech company does not have an IT system to manage the hiring process.
Email is the main means of communication.
a. Create a flowchart based on your understanding of how a new staff member is
recruited using the SIPOC diagram explaining the various processes and decision tasks
assuming a typical recruitment process. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the fast-paced environment of a growing Ed-tech company in India, the recruitment
process plays a pivotal role in shaping the workforce and driving the organization’s success.
The current recruitment process, primarily managed by the HR department without the aid of
a dedicated IT system, relies heavily on email communication and occasional collaboration
with external agencies. This process, as depicted in the provided flowchart, involves several
b. Highlight the difference between verification and validation with examples and list
techniques used in validation activities for new product and process design. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Verification and validation are fundamental concepts in quality management, particularly in
new product and process design. While they are often used interchangeably, they serve
distinct purposes in ensuring that a product or process meets its intended purpose and
requirements. Verification is about checking whether the product or process was made

Management Theory and Practice
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Using Hofstede’s 5 dimensions, can you help Lalit Hotels to open their new branch
in Dubai, UAE. Guide them about the cultural differences they need to keep in mind?
(10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The successful establishment of a new branch of Lalit Hotels in Dubai, UAE, necessitates a
deep understanding and thoughtful application of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theory. This
theory, developed by Geert Hofstede, is a framework for understanding cultural differences
across countries and regions. Dubai’s unique cultural landscape, characterized by its
traditional Arab values blended with a cosmopolitan flair, presents both challenges and
opportunities for Lalit Hotels. Given that cultural sensitivity and adaptation are key to
successful international business ventures, it’s imperative for Lalit Hotels to carefully analyze
each of Hofstede’s five dimensions – Power Distance, Individualism vs. Collectivism,
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Q2. As a management trainer to a startup dealing with chipsets, can you explain 6 box
organizational model and its role in helping them design their organizational structure?
(10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The 6 Box Model, a brainchild of Marvin Weisbord, is a diagnostic framework pivotal in
assessing and improving the functionality of organizations. Particularly beneficial for a
startup specializing in chipsets, this model facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the
various dimensions influencing an organization’s efficiency and effectiveness. Startups, often
characterized by their agility and innovative spirit, confront unique challenges in managing
growth, ensuring technological advancements, and maintaining a competitive edge. In such a
scenario, the 6 Box Model serves as an essential tool. It encompasses six critical areas:
purposes, structures, relationships, rewards, leadership, and helpful mechanisms. By
Q3. Hortons Ltd has been facing many loses, losing clients and want to modernize
themselves using modern techniques and have hired you as a consultant for the same.
Can you explain the following concepts to them and how will they help them modernize
a rubber manufacturing business like theirs
a. 5S Framework (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Hortons Ltd, a company in the rubber manufacturing sector facing significant challenges,
seeks to revitalize its operations and regain competitiveness. The 5S Framework, originating
from Japanese management practices, presents an ideal solution. This framework is not just a
set of principles but a culture aimed at creating efficiency, safety, and a disciplined work
environment. In an industry like rubber manufacturing, where precision, cleanliness, and
b. Lean Production (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
For Hortons Ltd, a company striving to overcome losses and client attrition in the rubber
manufacturing sector, the concept of Lean Production offers a transformative approach.
Originating from the Toyota Production System, Lean Production emphasizes minimizing
waste while maximizing productivity. This methodology is not just a set of tools and
Marketing Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Citing from your own practical experience, which are the factors, which are
important in the retail scenario for a product in a supermarket to sell? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic world of retail marketing, especially within the bustling aisles of
supermarkets, several factors play a pivotal role in determining the success of a product.
Drawing from my practical experience in this sector, I have observed that these factors go
beyond the mere appeal of the product itself. Supermarkets are unique retail environments
where consumer behavior is influenced by a variety of stimuli, ranging from the product’s
placement on the shelves to the psychological impact of pricing strategies. These
environments are microcosms where consumer choices are subtly guided by both overt and
covert marketing tactics. Understanding these factors is crucial for any product to not only
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Q2. How would you go about starting your own business, which would be an exclusive
cake, cookies and biscuits store and ensure its success? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Starting a business, particularly an exclusive cake, cookies, and biscuits store, is an exciting
venture that blends passion for baking with entrepreneurial spirit. The journey begins with a
clear vision and understanding of the market’s needs. The success of such a business hinges
on several critical factors, including identifying a niche market, understanding customer
preferences, and delivering unique and high-quality products. A comprehensive business plan
is essential, outlining the business model, market analysis, marketing strategies, financial
planning, and operational plans. Emphasizing product uniqueness, quality, and customer
Q3. Case Study
Audi’s marketing synchromesh
The luxury carmaker is focusing on technology, digital platforms and below-theline
activities to drive sales.
Every carmaker has marketing principles and brand attributes that they leverage to get
better connected with their customers. Think reliability and engineering for Honda, low
cost of ownership and maintenance for Maruti Suzuki and sporty driving for BMW.
For Audi India, its Strategy 2025 black book includes the following: Customercentricity,
network, product, and digitalization. These operating principles started some
six years ago, and could be said to largely apply to other luxury carmakers, but Audi’s
strategy seems to point to pushing technology to directly connect with consumers using
digital platforms and marketing to synchromesh into one seamless experience.
Balbir Dhillon, Audi India head, said he’s especially throwing his weight behind
customer connection, with half the marketing budget dedicated to below-the-line
activities this year. That includes organizing regular “Quattro drives” for customers
across cities; get-togethers that blend experiences such as movie driven-ins for the latest
James Bond film and more. Quattro is an Italian word trademarked by Audi as code for
indicating that it uses all-wheel drive systems in some of its cars. There’s also a
significant digital push that Audi will unveil this year, which is in the last stages of
finalization.
Meanwhile, Audi offers concierge services through an ownership app called MyAudi
that allows customers to avail of service that range from booking restaurants to flying
overseas and renting car. Audi, Dhillon added, has also been the first brand to use
augmented reality and virtual reality at the retail customers level. Audi has 29
showrooms, 41 service centers and 14 Audi Approved Plus (pre-owned car) facilities.
The brand is looking to increase the latter substantially in 2022.
Audi, like Mercedes, has seen prices increase, resulting in greater profits, thanks to a
supply crunch driven by a global shortage of chips. “We could sell two times what we
did if it wasn’t for the chip shortage,” Dhillon added. Of the top four luxury carmakers
that include market leader Mercedes-Benz, BMW and Audi, the Volkswagen-owned
brand that features four rings as its logo has the smaller market share, but is also the
company that came here last, in 2007.
Recent figures indicate that its sales are on an uptick after a particularly depressed
2020. Sales for the brand were: 4,594 cars in 2019, 1,639 in 2020 and 3,293 in 2021. Why
did Audi see such a sharp slump in 2020? Analysts who track the sector suggested that
the consumer market was aware that Audi was going to phase out BS IV cars by March
2022 and that may have led them to switch to other cars, though they were already up to
regulatory standards. When Audi first entered India, it had to focus on a part-education
and part heavy marketing strategy for an audience that was largely familiar with only
BMW and Mercedes-Benz. To that end, it built a halo round itself by deploying
celebrities and actors as brand ambassadors. Most of Bollywood drove Q5s and Q7s at
one stage with Salman Khan even making it down to launch events for Andi’s sportier
sedans-something he historically avoided.
Suraj Ghosh, associate director (powertrain & compliance forecasts), South Asia IHS
Markit, said Audi India has smaller product portfolio and a smaller network footprint
than its competitors. Increasing the degree of localization will allow it to avail of
taxation benefits and be more competitive in its pricing. The company said its cars,
which are assembled here, are looking to target between 80 and 85 per cent local content
for the Audi
A4, A6, 05 and Q7. But that’s only part of the challenge. What’s changed for Audi in the
last five years is the consumer profile. In terms of general consumers, many of its cars
were owned mostly by business people and CEOs. For instance, ICICI Banks former
boss Chanda Kochhar drove an A8 sedan, as did Godrej. “What has changed is that a
lot of mid-level and emerging professionals are also buying Audi cars now, and while it
used to be real professionals and traders that drove volumes, that’s not the case
anymore,” Dhillion pointed out.
Buyers today are younger and there is a growing acceptability that it is okay to buy a
luxe car. But the sensibility of ownership amongst young buyers who come from startup
backgrounds is very different, he added. “They want to buy shoes that are
sustainable and made by companies that are high on ESG (environmental, social, and
governance) norms, so their approach to vehicles is no different,” Audi regularly sees
more queries for the electric range of cars as well as fuel efficiency norms.
Audi India has among the widest range of electric cars (five)-the e-tron 50, e-tron 55, etron
Sportback 55, e-tron GT and RSe-tron GT. But the key volume sellers remain the
Audi A4, Audi A6, Audi Q2, Audi Q5 and Audi Q8. In other words, Audi in still very
much a Q-led company in terms of its volumes. Officials said 45 per cent of sales comes
from the Q range. The Q7, a brand new launch for 2022, is expected to be rolled out
soon.
Does that mean its electric vehicles are more of a notional offering? Dhillon clarified
that it’s going to make time before the charging network is ready and prices rationalize
for EV sales Cars are already taxed at around 28 per cent and, when it’s an electric car,
he explained, there are duties on components and other imports, so that the company
faces “a duty on a duty”, creating an additional layering that makes its EVs so
expensive. For an e- tron, Dhillion said the duty is around 111 per cent. Add the cost of
registration and the final price “restricts the full potential of the category”.
“Even so, when the time is right, Audi’s next investment is likely to be in EVs,” Dhillon
said. “Policy will change some day and it may be a long wait but Audi is committed to
the cause.”
Questions
Q3 a) What is Audis future strategy? What is the name of its digital platform and how
does it plan to leverage this platform? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Audi’s future strategy, as outlined in its Strategy 2025, focuses on a blend of customercentricity,
an expansive network, innovative products, and a strong emphasis on
digitalization. This approach reflects a clear shift towards integrating advanced technology
and digital platforms to enhance the customer experience and drive sales. The centerpiece of
this strategy is their digital platform, which plays a pivotal role in connecting with customers
Q3b) What has changed in the customer profiles who own Audi. How has this
demographic profile changed in recent times? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Audi’s evolving customer profile marks a significant shift in the brand’s demographic appeal
and market positioning. Traditionally seen as a symbol of status among high-tier
professionals and business elites, Audi has experienced a transformation in its customer base.
This change reflects broader socio-economic trends and shifting consumer preferences,
especially in emerging markets like India. Understanding this demographic evolution is key
Marketing Research
April 2024 Examination
1. Pizza hut is interested in expanding its menu to include healthier options. Using
techniques of new product development elaborate on the steps that Pizza hut should
follow to for launching new products. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In today’s rapidly evolving food industry, the demand for healthier options is escalating,
urging established brands like Pizza Hut to innovate and expand their menu offerings. To
remain competitive and cater to the changing consumer preferences, Pizza Hut’s initiative to
include healthier options is not just timely but essential. The process of introducing new
products, especially in a market dominated by established tastes and preferences, requires a
strategic and methodical approach. This involves a series of steps that are crucial in ensuring
the successful launch and sustainability of the new products in the market. These steps
include market research, concept development, product design, testing, and a strategic launch
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2. Microsoft is exploring opportunities to expand its customer base internationally. How
would you conduct market research to identify potential target markets, cultural
differences, and preferences for technology products in different countries? Develop a
market research process to understand the reasons for the same. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In an era of globalization and technological advancement, companies like Microsoft must
navigate a complex and dynamic international landscape to expand their customer base. The
quest to understand diverse markets across different countries necessitates a comprehensive
market research strategy that delves into varying cultural nuances, consumer behaviors, and
technological preferences. This research is crucial not only for identifying potential target
markets but also for tailoring products and services to meet the unique demands of each
region. By leveraging a mix of traditional and innovative research methodologies, businesses
can gain insights into the intricacies of global markets, thus fostering informed decision3.
Levis is seeking to improve its data security, transparency, and overall efficiency in its
operations. However, the current centralized systems pose significant risks of data
breaches and lack the ability to ensure seamless data sharing with stakeholders. To
address these challenges, the company is considering integrating blockchain technology
into its infrastructure. The problem statement is to identify the optimal approach to
integrate blockchain, ensuring data integrity, enhancing transparency, and maximizing
operational efficiency while considering potential implementation challenges and costs.
The company aims to explore blockchain’s potential benefits and limitations to make an
informed decision about adopting this innovative technology for its business processes.
a) Choose the appropriate research methodology for conducting the research that would
answer the mentioned business problem. Elaborate the same along with justification. (5
Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Levi’s initiative to enhance data security, transparency, and operational efficiency through
blockchain technology represents a strategic move in the digital transformation era. The
company faces the intricate task of integrating a decentralized technology into its existing
centralized systems to mitigate risks such as data breaches and inefficient data sharing. The
challenge lies in identifying the most effective approach to adopt blockchain technology,
balancing benefits against potential challenges and costs. A well-structured research
b) Generate a questionnaire for conducting the survey on how Levis can leverage the
power of blockchain. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Developing a questionnaire to explore how Levi’s can leverage the power of blockchain
technology is a critical step in understanding the specific needs, perceptions, and expectations
of stakeholders involved in this digital transformation. This questionnaire aims to gather
targeted insights from a range of respondents, including technology experts, company
employees, and possibly supply chain partners, to assess the practicality, anticipated benefits,
Marketing Strategy
April 2024 Examination
GlobalCorporation, a multinational conglomerate with a diverse portfolio of businesses
spanning various industries, including technology, healthcare, energy, entertainment,
and Fast- Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG). In this scenario, we’ll focus on
GlobalFoods, one of the thriving FMCG businesses under the GlobalCorporation
umbrella.
GlobalFoods Business Overview:
GlobalFoods is a subsidiary of GlobalCorporation, specializing in the production and
distribution of a wide range of fast-moving consumer goods. The company offers food
and beverage products that cater to diverse consumer tastes and preferences.
GlobalFoods has a strong global presence and is known for its commitment to quality,
innovation, and sustainable practices.
Functional Areas of GlobalFoods:
1. Product Development and Innovation: GlobalFoods places a strong emphasis on
research and development. Its team of food scientists, nutritionists, and chefs work
collaboratively to create new products, improve existing ones, and ensure they align
with market trends and consumer demands.
2. Manufacturing and Operations: This department oversees the production and
manufacturing processes. It includes factory managers, production line workers, and
quality control experts responsible for maintaining high product standards and efficient
production.
3. Supply Chain and Logistics: GlobalFoods manages a complex supply chain to source
raw materials, manage inventory, and ensure timely delivery to distribution centers and
retailers. Logistics professionals play a critical role in optimizing transportation and
distribution networks.
4. Sales and Marketing: The sales and marketing teams are responsible for promoting
GlobalFoods products to consumers and retailers. They conduct market research,
develop marketing strategies, and build strong relationships with distributors and retail
partners.
5. Quality Assurance and Food Safety: This department ensures that GlobalFoods
products meet regulatory standards and undergo rigorous quality control checks at
every stage of production. Food safety experts work to maintain the highest standards of
product safety and integrity.
6. Customer Insights and Analytics: GlobalFoods employs data analysts who track
consumer behavior, market trends, and product performance. They use this data to
make informed decisions regarding product development and marketing strategies.
7. Finance and Accounting: The finance and accounting team manages the financial
aspects of GlobalFoods, including budgeting, financial reporting, and investment
decisions. They ensure the company’s financial health and compliance with industry
and regulatory standards.
8. Human Resources: HR professionals are responsible for recruitment, talent
development, employee relations, and workplace culture. They play a pivotal role in
building a skilled and motivated workforce.
9. Sustainability and Environmental Affairs: Recognizing the importance of
sustainability, this functional area focuses on reducing environmental impacts in
production, sourcing sustainable ingredients, and implementing eco-friendly practices.
Detailed Focus on Product Development and Innovation: Product Development and
Innovation:
GlobalFoods thrives on creating new and exciting food and beverage products to meet
evolving consumer tastes and expectations. This department is at the forefront of
innovation and is responsible for:
– New Product Ideation: Collaborating with market research teams to identify emerging
trends and consumer demands, then generating ideas for new products.
– Recipe and Formula Development: Food scientists, chefs, and nutritionists work
together to create and refine product recipes and formulas, ensuring they are both
delicious and nutritious.
– Sensory Testing: Conducting extensive sensory testing with expert panels and
consumer groups to fine-tune flavors, textures, and overall product appeal.
– Packaging and Presentation: Collaborating with packaging designers to create
attractive, functional, and environmentally responsible packaging for new products.
– Compliance and Labelling: Ensuring all products meet regulatory and labelling
requirements, with a focus on transparency and accurate nutritional information.
– Competitor Analysis: Continuously monitoring and analyzing competitors’ products to
stay ahead in the market and identify opportunities for improvement.
The Product Development and Innovation department is essential to GlobalFoods’
mission to provide consumers with innovative, high-quality food and beverage products.
They work closely with other functional areas to ensure a seamless and successful
product development process from concept to market.
This scenario illustrates how GlobalFoods, an FMCG business within a corporate
conglomerate like GlobalCorporation, operates, emphasizing the crucial role of various
functional areas within GlobalFoods and how they contribute to the success of the
business in the highly competitive FMCG industry.
1. Identify and explain various levels of Strategy for the GlobalCorporation. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic business landscape, GlobalCorporation, a vast conglomerate with a diverse
portfolio, epitomizes strategic complexity and multifaceted operations. At its core, the
conglomerate’s strategy intertwines various business units, including GlobalFoods, its FMCG
subsidiary. To comprehend GlobalCorporation’s overarching strategy, it’s essential to dissect
its structure, spanning from the corporate level down to functional tactics. This analysis will
illuminate how the conglomerate synchronizes its diverse segments, aligns its corporate
vision with subsidiary goals, and navigates the intricate balance between global reach and
local responsiveness. Understanding these layers of strategy offers insights into
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2. Explain various types of Segmentation that you will consider for GlobalFoods. (10
Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Segmentation is a pivotal aspect of marketing strategy, particularly for a company like
GlobalFoods operating in the highly competitive FMCG sector. Effective segmentation
enables businesses to tailor their products and marketing efforts to distinct customer groups,
enhancing customer satisfaction and market penetration. For GlobalFoods, the process of
segmentation involves categorizing its target audience into various segments based on
specific characteristics and needs. This approach allows the company to deliver products that
align with each segment’s preferences, thus driving sales and brand loyalty. In this discussion,
3a. As a consultant to GlobalFoods, suggest various stages involved in the
organizational buying process for the raw materials that are needed for the
manufacturing of FMCG Goods. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The procurement of raw materials is a critical component of GlobalFoods’ manufacturing
process for FMCG goods. The organizational buying process, also known as the B2B
(business-to-business) buying process, involves several stages that ensure the acquisition of
high-quality raw materials to meet production demands. In this context, we will explore the
various stages involved in GlobalFoods’ organizational buying process for raw materials,
b. Explain with reason, any five important financial ratios that will be useful for the
analysis of GlobalFoods Business. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Financial ratios are essential tools for assessing the financial health and performance of a
business, and GlobalFoods is no exception. As a subsidiary of GlobalCorporation operating in
the FMCG sector, it’s crucial for GlobalFoods to use financial ratios to gain insights into its
financial stability, efficiency, profitability, and overall effectiveness in achieving its
objectives. In this context, we will explore five important financial ratios that are particularly
New Product Development and Managing Innovation
April 2024 Examination
1. Megamax is a large multinational mobile manufacturer. Assume that you are
running a project for them with the goal of launching a new age mobile phone with
cutting edge features as a competition to the iPhone. Explain how you would approach
the strategy development using the 2 models of strategic planning – Ansoff Matrix and
BCG matrix. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic and highly competitive mobile manufacturing industry, Megamax stands at a
crucial juncture, seeking to launch a new-age mobile phone that rivals the iconic iPhone. This
endeavor necessitates not just innovative technological integration but also a strategic
approach to product development and market positioning. To effectively navigate this
challenge, two pivotal strategic planning models come into play: the Ansoff Matrix and the
Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix. These frameworks offer structured methodologies
for exploring growth opportunities and allocating resources efficiently. The Ansoff Matrix
helps in identifying potential markets and product development strategies, while the BCG
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2.What are the 4 stages of the product lifecycle? Pick up the example of the Telecom
space and explain each stage with an example of a product that underwent / is
undergoing a product lifecycle stage. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The concept of a product lifecycle is crucial in understanding how products evolve from their
inception to eventual decline in the market. This lifecycle is typically segmented into four
distinct stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. Each stage embodies specific
characteristics and challenges that businesses must navigate to maximize a product’s success
and longevity. In the dynamic telecom industry, these stages are particularly evident, given
the rapid technological advancements and shifting consumer preferences. Products in this
sector, such as mobile phones, network services, and data plans, often exemplify the
3a. One of the steps in new product development is Concept testing? Describe the
significance of Concept testing in the context of an industry of your choice. If you were
to look after NPD process, what typical steps would you follow as part of Concept
testing? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Concept testing is a critical step in the new product development (NPD) process, serving as a
bridge between initial ideas and their tangible implementation. Its significance is particularly
pronounced in the technology industry, where the rapid pace of innovation and high market
competition necessitate a thorough validation of product concepts before full-scale
development and launch. This phase involves evaluating the product idea with a target
3b. If in your role as a product manager, you are entrusted with launching new product
in an existing market, what are the major types of products possible? Explain with an
example for each. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
As a product manager tasked with launching a new product in an existing market, it’s
essential to recognize the different types of products that can be introduced. Broadly, these
can be categorized as innovative products, improved products, and me-too products. Each
type has its unique positioning, challenges, and strategies for market entry. The choice among
Operations and Supply Chain Strategies
April 2024 Examination
1. Mr. Goyal holds the position of supply chain manager at OLB Ltd., a company
currently shifting its focus towards manufacturing E scooters. Responding to customer
demand, the company is in the process of building the largest manufacturing facility for
E scooters in India. In this rapidly changing market, the company expects to encounter
fierce competition from various other firms. Your task is to Analyze and suggest a
different level of strategies that can be implemented within the company to enhance
overall business profitability. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic and rapidly evolving world of E scooter manufacturing, OLB Ltd. stands at a
pivotal juncture. With the ambitious project of setting up India’s largest E scooter
manufacturing facility, the company, under the leadership of Mr. Goyal, is poised to make
significant strides in this competitive market. The shift towards E scooters not only reflects a
keen understanding of changing consumer preferences but also a commitment to sustainable
and innovative transportation solutions. This transition, however, is not without its
challenges. The burgeoning market for E scooters in India is rife with competition,
necessitating strategic ingenuity in operations and supply chain management. The need for
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2. Twiggy is an Indian online food delivery platform that allows users to order food
semiconductor is from nearby restaurants and have it delivered to their doorstep.
Online food ordering and delivery platform Twiggy’s losses rose by 80 percent in the
2022-23 financial year. Is online delivery future of India? Is online food delivery
maturing or declining? Explain existing situation of online food delivery with respected
to industry life cycle. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The Indian online food delivery market, epitomized by platforms like Twiggy, has seen a
remarkable transformation in recent years. This evolution, however, is marked by significant
challenges, as evidenced by Twiggy’s 80% increase in losses during the 2022-23 financial
year. This situation prompts a crucial inquiry into the future of online food delivery in India
and its current position in the industry life cycle. Is the sector expanding, maturing, or facing
a decline? The answer to this lies in understanding the complex dynamics of consumer
behavior, technological advancements, market competition, and economic factors influencing
the industry. As we delve into these aspects, we will explore the current state of online food
3. Pedanta Ltd started manufacturing of semiconductor in Indian Market. The
requirement of huge in the global market and Pedanta Ltd invested huge amount of
money on machinery. Government is encouraging companies to develop, manufacture
and assemble products in India and incentivize dedicated investments into
manufacturing.
a.You are appointed as supply chain consultant in the Firm. Suggest important
supply chain drivers that helps Pedanta Ltd to become Global brand. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Pedanta Ltd’s foray into semiconductor manufacturing in the Indian market represents a
strategic move, especially considering the global demand for semiconductors and the Indian
government’s push towards self-reliance in manufacturing. As a supply chain consultant for
Pedanta Ltd, identifying and leveraging key supply chain drivers is crucial to elevate the
company to a global brand. These drivers play a pivotal role in ensuring efficiency, costb.
Enumerate the competitive dimensions required to ensure a productive worldwide
Operations and Supply Chain. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the highly interconnected and competitive global market, the effectiveness of a company’s
operations and supply chain is pivotal to its success. For Pedanta Ltd, a firm delving into
semiconductor manufacturing, understanding and mastering the competitive dimensions of
worldwide operations and supply chain management is essential. These dimensions are
critical factors that determine the efficiency, adaptability, and competitiveness of a business
Operations Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. DMart is a well-known retail chain that has gained popularity for its DMart Ready
service, an online platform for grocery shopping. One of the critical aspects that
contribute to its success is its robust inventory management system. Describe the
concept of DMart Ready and how it differs from the traditional DMart physical stores
by listing down the various inventory management techniques prevalent in the retail
industry. Also, discuss the key components and strategies employed by DMart Ready in
its inventory management system to ensure efficient operations and customer
satisfaction. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
DMart, an established name in the retail sector, has further solidified its market presence with
the introduction of DMart Ready, its online grocery shopping platform. This strategic move
marks a significant evolution from its conventional brick-and-mortar establishments,
reflecting the changing dynamics of consumer preferences and the retail landscape. The key
to DMart Ready’s success lies in its advanced inventory management system, a cornerstone of
modern retail operations that ensures efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and customer satisfaction.
Unlike traditional DMart stores, DMart Ready operates in the digital sphere, where inventory
management is not just about maintaining stock but also about integrating technology to
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Q2. Explain the fundamental concept of the Theory of Constraints (TOC) and its
significance in optimizing manufacturing processes. Considering a suitable example,
describe the key principles of the TOC philosophy and how it can be applied to
synchronous manufacturing to enhance production scheduling. Also illustrate how the
concept of DBR helps in improving overall system performance, reducing lead times,
and increasing throughput in manufacturing environments (Assume any industry). (10
marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The Theory of Constraints (TOC) is a significant paradigm in operations management that
focuses on identifying and addressing the most critical limitations, or constraints, within a
manufacturing or production process. Developed by Dr. Eliyahu M. Goldratt in the 1980s,
TOC has revolutionized how businesses view their processes and bottlenecks. It operates on
the premise that every system, regardless of its complexity, is limited in achieving more of its
goals by a small number of constraints. The aim of TOC is to systematically improve the
system by focusing on these constraints, thus enhancing overall performance. This method is
Q3. In a big multi-specialty hospital, quality management plays a pivotal role in
ensuring patient satisfaction and safety. Quality management tools are vital for
achieving operational excellence and maintaining high standards of healthcare
services. Additionally, the operations manager has a crucial role in overseeing quality
control.
(a) Explain the role of an operations manager in implementing and monitoring quality
control measures in the hospital. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In a multi-specialty hospital, the operations manager plays a critical role in implementing and
overseeing quality control measures. This role is pivotal in ensuring that the hospital not only
meets but exceeds the standards of healthcare services, thereby guaranteeing patient
satisfaction and safety. Quality management in healthcare is a complex and continuous
process that involves coordinating various departments, managing resources, and adhering to
(b) Discuss the various dimensions of quality in the healthcare sector and how each
dimension contributes to overall patient care and experience. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Quality in healthcare is a multi-dimensional concept, encompassing various aspects that
collectively determine the effectiveness, safety, and responsiveness of healthcare services.
These dimensions are critical in shaping patient care and experience, directly influencing the
outcomes and satisfaction of patients. Understanding and effectively managing these
Organisational Behaviour
April 2024 Examination
1. Scenario: Rohan is a project manager at a software development company. His role
involves interacting with clients, managing his team, and ensuring project deadlines are
met. Rohan is known for his calm and composed demeanor, even in high-pressure
situations. He enjoys the client interactions and finds them energizing. Whenever he
feels stressed due to project complexities, he takes a break to listen to his favorite music
or goes for a walk. His team members often approach him with their problems an
appreciate his approachability. Even when faced with demanding clients who express
frustration, Rohan remains patient and focuses on resolving their concerns.
Question: Based on the information provided, how would you assess Rohan’s
personality using the Big Five personality traits framework? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The Big Five personality traits framework is a widely accepted tool for understanding human
personality. It encapsulates five broad dimensions: Openness, Conscientiousness,
Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism, often remembered by the acronym OCEAN.
This framework provides a comprehensive means to assess individual differences in
personality and behavior. In the given scenario, we analyze Rohan, a project manager in a
software development company, using the Big Five traits. Rohan’s role involves extensive
client interaction, team management, and deadline adherence. His calm demeanor in highpressure
situations, along with his enjoyment in client interactions, and his method of coping
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2. Samantha is a newly hired marketing coordinator at a digital advertising agency. She
notices that her team leader, Alex, communicates with clients and colleagues in a very
friendly and encouraging manner. Alex’s positivity and teamwork have contributed to a
cohesive work environment, and Samantha also observes that the team consistently
meets project deadlines. During a period when Alex is on medical leave, Samantha takes
over some of the team lead responsibilities. To her surprise, she finds that by adopting
Alex’s approach, she effectively manages the team and maintains a positive atmosphere.
This experience motivates Samantha to incorporate this approach into her personal life
as well. Question: In this scenario, which theory of learning could be applied to explain
Samantha’s behavior change? Please discuss the theory and its relevance to the
situation. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the fascinating realm of Organizational Behavior, the story of Samantha, a marketing
coordinator, serves as a quintessential example of learning and adaptation within a
professional setting. This narrative unfolds in a digital advertising agency, where Samantha
observes and later emulates the leadership style of her team leader, Alex. When Alex takes
medical leave, Samantha steps into a leadership role, applying the same positive and
encouraging communication methods she observed in Alex. This real-world scenario
provides an excellent backdrop to explore a specific theory of learning within organizational
3. Rohan is sales head for a pharmaceutical company. He has a team of 12 individuals
under him. Rohan feels very sad to state that it isn’t a team but a group of individuals
working under him as they do not show any team spirit. Akhil who is Rohan’s best
friend also happens to be the HR manager. When Rohan shared his concerns with Akhil
he asked Rohan to
a) Analyze the problems he (Rohan) is facing in teamwork. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of organizational behavior, Rohan’s challenge as a sales head in a
pharmaceutical company brings to light a critical issue prevalent in many organizations: the
lack of team cohesion. Leading a team of 12 individuals, Rohan confronts the reality that his
team operates more as a collection of individuals rather than as a unified entity. This scenario,
shared with his friend and HR manager Akhil, underscores the importance of diagnosing and
b) Also, what all methods Akhil can suggest Rohan for creating effective team in his
department? Discuss. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Creating an effective team is a fundamental challenge in any organizational setting, and
Rohan’s situation in the pharmaceutical company is no exception. As the sales head grappling
with a lack of team spirit, he turns to Akhil, the HR manager and his confidant, for advice.
Akhil’s role is pivotal in guiding Rohan towards fostering a cohesive and high-performing
Organisational Theory, Structure and Design
April 2024 Examination
1. An organisation is considered as a system where different interrelated components
interact with each other to attain common goals. What according to you are the
various components of an organisation as a system? Give suitable examples. (10
Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Organizational theory, structure, and design are instrumental in understanding how
organizations function and thrive. At its core, an organization is akin to a complex system
composed of various interrelated components, each contributing to the overall effectiveness
and success of the entity. These components range from tangible assets like technology and
physical infrastructure to intangible elements like culture, leadership, and strategy. The
interaction between these elements facilitates the organization’s ability to achieve its
objectives. For instance, a tech company may rely heavily on innovative technology and a
skilled workforce to develop cutting-edge products. However, without effective leadership
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2. The Neoclassical Approach is developed by Elton Mayo and his associates. What do
you think is the assumption of this approach? In this context explain the important
features of this approach that managers should be aware of. Add corporate examples.
(10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The Neoclassical Approach in Organizational Theory, pioneered by Elton Mayo and his
associates, marks a significant shift from the classical theories that primarily emphasized
structural aspects of management. This approach arose during the early 20th century, a period
characterized by rapid industrialization and evolving workforce dynamics. The primary
assumption of the Neoclassical Approach is that an organization is not just a mechanical
entity but a social system where human factors play a crucial role. It stresses the importance
of understanding human behavior, social relations, and teamwork within the workplace. This
3. Without an effective organisational structure, employees would not be clear about
their job roles and there would be no chain of command to follow. Keeping the above
scenario in mind, explain with examples:
a. Discuss the key features of the line and staff organisational structure. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the realm of organizational management, the structure adopted by a company significantly
influences its operational efficiency, clarity in roles, and overall decision-making process.
Among various organizational structures, the line and staff structure stands out for its unique
combination of direct and supportive roles. This structure is pivotal in establishing a clear
chain of command and delineating job responsibilities, thereby ensuring operational
b. Explain which features are needed to create a Matrix Organisation Structure. (5
Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The Matrix Organization Structure represents a complex yet highly adaptive and
collaborative organizational design. It stands out for its ability to facilitate efficient resource
utilization, foster cross-functional collaboration, and respond dynamically to changing market
demands. This structure effectively combines two or more different types of organizational
structures, typically functional and project-based, to leverage the strengths of both.
Understanding the key features required to create an effective Matrix Organization Structure
Organisation Culture
April 2024 Examination
1. Reflect on an organisation you are familiar with, whether through firsthand
experience, academic case studies, or widely available information. In this organisation,
are employee engagement, sense of ownership, and commitment to organizational goals
notably strong? Could these positive traits be indicative of how property rights are
organised to fortify the culture of the organization? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The exploration of organizational culture and its impact on employee dynamics is a profound
and intricate subject. For this reflection, I have chosen an organization that exemplifies the
quintessence of a strong organizational culture, marked by high employee engagement, a
deep sense of ownership, and unwavering commitment to organizational goals. This
particular organization, well-known for its innovative approach and globally recognized
brand, offers a compelling case study. The core question here is whether these positive traits
are a byproduct of how property rights are structured within the organization, thereby
reinforcing its culture. This discussion delves into the nuances of how property rights, often
overlooked, can play a pivotal role in shaping the ethos and effectiveness of an organization’s
culture. By examining this interplay, we can uncover valuable insights into the mechanisms
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2. Investigate how organizational ethics and the culture of an organisation interact with
and influence each other. Could the integration of ethical principles and values within
the organizational culture serve as catalysts to instil a sense of integrity, trust, and
responsibility among employees? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Organizational culture and ethics are two interwoven aspects of any business environment,
each exerting a profound influence on the other. At the heart of this relationship lies the
understanding that the ethical principles upheld by an organization shape its culture, while the
prevailing culture in turn reinforces these ethical standards. This dynamic interaction forms
the basis for establishing an environment that promotes integrity, trust, and responsibility
among employees. The integration of ethical principles into the organizational culture not
only guides employee behavior but also sets a standard for decision-making and interactions
3. Zion Inc. is a successful technology company known for its innovative products and
services. However, the organization has recently encountered challenges with declining
employee performance and low workplace engagement (bottom quartile engagement
score in the sector benchmarking exercise) . The leadership team recognizes the urgency
to address these issues and takes the initiative to focus on reshaping the organizational
culture and leadership practices.
The current culture at Zion Inc. revolves around a number driven sales pitch, highpressure
work environment that places significant emphasis on individual achievements
rather than teamwork. This approach has led to a lack of collaboration and effective
communication among different teams, resulting in inefficiencies and a sense of
disconnection among employees.
To initiate the journey of cultural transformation, the leadership team introduces a
series of strategic interventions. Primarily, they emphasize the significance of
collaboration among employees. They form cross-functional teams that promote
knowledge-sharing, problem- solving, and collective decision-making, with the aim of
breaking down existing silos and fostering a culture of unity. Recognizing the
importance of shared values, Zion Inc. reevaluates and refines its core principles.
The leadership ensures that these values resonate with the employees and serve as
guiding principles for decision-making and behaviour, fostering a keen sense of
purpose and direction for the entire organization.
Furthermore, to enhance leadership effectiveness in driving cultural change, the
leadership team undergoes training in transformational leadership. This training equips
them with the necessary skills to inspire and empower employees, foster open
communication, and create a positive and motivating work environment. To gather
valuable insights from employees, Zion Inc. establishes various feedback mechanisms,
including surveys, suggestion boxes, and open-door policies. These mechanisms
encourage employees to share their ideas, concerns, and suggestions for improvement,
empowering them to actively participate in shaping the organizational culture.
In addition, the company introduces a recognition and rewards program to celebrate
employee achievements and contributions. This initiative is designed to boost employee
morale, motivation, and overall job satisfaction, reinforcing a positive work culture. As
a significant step towards enhancing the workplace environment, Zion Inc. embarks on
a “Great Place to Work” certification journey. The company aims to attain this
prestigious certification by implementing practices and policies that enhance workplace
culture, employee satisfaction, and well-being. Through anonymous employee surveys
and feedback, Zion Inc. assesses its strengths and areas for improvement, further
contributing to the cultural transformation.
a. Zion Inc. aims to measure the effectiveness of its cultural interventions and the
“Great Place to Work” certification on employee engagement and business
performance. As the People & Culture Business Partner, suggest key performance
indicators (KPIs) for leadership to assess the impact of these interventions in driving
positive organizational outcomes.
(5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Zion Inc.’s commitment to reshaping its organizational culture and leadership practices marks
a pivotal step in addressing the challenges of declining employee performance and
engagement. As the People & Culture Business Partner, the task of developing key
performance indicators (KPIs) is crucial to measure the effectiveness of these strategic
interventions. These KPIs should provide a comprehensive view of how the changes impact
b. Discuss the role of leadership in driving the cultural transformation at Zion Inc. How
can effective leadership align the culture with the company’s values and inspire
employees to embrace the new cultural norms, particularly in the context of the
certification journey? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The leadership at Zion Inc. plays a pivotal role in the cultural transformation process,
particularly in aligning the company’s culture with its redefined values and guiding
employees through the journey toward the “Great Place to Work” certification. Effective
leadership is not just about initiating change; it’s about inspiring and maintaining momentum
for this change. Leaders must embody the new cultural norms and values, acting as role
Performance Management System
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Radhika Enterprises is in the online textiles company in India. The company has
been formed 3 years ago. The online sales have been good though the company is yet to
make profits and is incurring losses since the last 3 years. The company now plans to
invest a greater amount in building the brand “Radhika” both through social media and
TV advertising. The company is also thinking of starting one retail store in Delhi in
Year-1 and based on the response will open another store in Mumbai in Year-2. There
are 100 employees working in this company and the company does design, production
and distribution of textiles, cloth and clothing though local manufacturers in rural
India.
Prepare the Balanced Score Card with 1 goal each for the 4 quadrants of the Balanced
Scorecard, i.e., Financial, Customer, Business Process and Learning & Growth
quadrant. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The Balanced Scorecard, conceptualized by Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton, stands as
a strategic planning and management system extensively utilized in business and industry,
government, and nonprofit organizations worldwide. Its primary function is to align business
activities to the vision and strategy of the organization, improve internal and external
communications, and monitor organizational performance against strategic goals. For
Radhika Enterprises, an emerging online textile company in India, the implementation of the
Balanced Scorecard is pivotal. Despite the initial success in online sales, the company’s
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Q2. Netra Ltd is a startup company that focuses on social media content for
different Corporates. You are to design a ‘Graphic Rating Scale Appraisal form’ for
junior management employees in the company. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic world of social media, startups like Netra Ltd play a pivotal role in shaping
corporate narratives through innovative content. As a startup focusing on social media
content for corporates, assessing and managing the performance of its junior management
employees is crucial. This is where a Graphic Rating Scale Appraisal form becomes relevant.
A Performance Management System (PMS) utilizing such a tool provides a structured and
b) Administration Manager at Zing Ltd (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
The role of the Administration Manager at Zing Ltd is pivotal in maintaining operational
efficiency and ensuring a smooth workflow within the company. To optimize performance,
we will employ the SMART principles – Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and
Time-bound – to outline two goals for the Administration Manager.
Procurement Management
April 2024 Examination
Q.1 ProcureLink Enterprises is a medium-sized procurement and supply
chain management company that operates in various industries. The company
recognizes the potential benefits of adopting e-procurement strategies to enhance
efficiency, reduce costs, and streamline procurement processes. However, it is facing
challenges in understanding the evolution of e-procurement, establishing effective
pricing and business strategies, implementing online catalogues, and leveraging online
auctions. Describe the evolution of e-procurement, including its various stages and
technological advancements and explain how understanding this evolution can guide
ProcureLink Enterprises in developing a robust e-procurement strategy. Also,
recommend pricing models and business strategies that ProcureLink Enterprises can
adopt to ensure competitiveness and profitability in the e- procurement marketplace.
(10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The advent of e-procurement has revolutionized the way companies like ProcureLink
Enterprises approach procurement and supply chain management. This digital transformation
has enabled organizations to enhance efficiency, reduce operational costs, and streamline
procurement processes. E-procurement, or electronic procurement, refers to the integration of
digital tools and processes to facilitate the buying and selling of supplies and services via the
internet. This evolution has been marked by significant stages, including the transition from
traditional manual processes to automated online systems, the adoption of cloud-based
solutions, and the integration of advanced technologies like AI and blockchain.
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Q.2 MetroBuild Infrastructures is a construction company specializing in large-scale
infrastructure projects. The company often engages in contracts with government
agencies to build roads, bridges, and public facilities. MetroBuild is challenged with
determining appropriate pricing strategies, managing government influences on pricing,
and addressing the complexities of contract cancellations due to unforeseen
circumstances. Evaluate the factors that MetroBuild should consider when determining
pricing for its infrastructure contracts and propose strategies for MetroBuild to
manage and negotiate government influences on pricing while maintaining a fair and
mutually beneficial partnership. Also, suggest a contingency plan and contractual
clauses that MetroBuild should include to mitigate risks associated with contract
cancellations and unexpected project disruptions. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
MetroBuild Infrastructures, a key player in large-scale infrastructure projects, stands at the
crossroads of opportunity and challenge as it navigates the intricate landscape of contracting
with government agencies. Specializing in constructing roads, bridges, and public facilities,
the company’s pricing strategies are not just about numbers, but a complex matrix of factors.
These include aligning with government pricing influences, ensuring competitive yet
sustainable rates, and preparing for the unpredictability inherent in such grand ventures. This
analysis aims to dissect these multifaceted considerations, laying a roadmap for MetroBuild
Q.3 GlobalTronics Ltd. is a multinational electronics company that sources components
and materials from various countries for its manufacturing operations. The company is
committed to upholding ethical standards and complying with relevant laws in its
procurement practices. However, the purchasing team is faced with complex decisions
related to international buying ethics, the legal authority of purchasing managers, and
contract law.
a) Explain the legal authority and responsibilities of a purchasing manager and discuss
the importance of ethical considerations in global sourcing decisions for GlobalTronics.
(5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of international procurement, GlobalTronics Ltd., a multinational
electronics firm, faces the intricate task of navigating ethical and legal intricacies in its
sourcing strategies. The role of a purchasing manager in such a context is not just
transactional but also deeply intertwined with legal authority and ethical responsibilities. This
analysis delves into the legal authority vested in purchasing managers, their critical
Now suppose GlobalTronics wants to source a wide range of products from suppliers
around the world and distribute them to various markets. The company is looking to
enhance its global sourcing strategies by improving supplier evaluation methods.
b) Describe different methods of global sourcing that Globaltronics can adopt to
procure products from international suppliers and outline the factors that they should
consider when evaluating potential global suppliers. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
GlobalTronics Ltd. aims to bolster its global sourcing strategies to efficiently procure
products from international suppliers and distribute them across diverse markets. In this
context, it’s imperative to explore various methods of global sourcing and the critical factors
that should guide the evaluation of potential global suppliers. By adopting effective sourcing
Project Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Using a suitable example discuss the difference between Technical analysis
and Financial analysis of a project. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Project management is a multifaceted discipline that entails the meticulous planning,
execution, monitoring, and completion of projects. A critical aspect of this process is the
analysis phase, which can be broadly categorized into two distinct types: Technical Analysis
and Financial Analysis. While they may seem similar at first glance, these two forms of
analysis serve different purposes and employ diverse methodologies to evaluate the viability
and potential success of a project. Technical analysis focuses on the operational aspects,
including the feasibility, design, and technical requirements of the project. On the other hand,
financial analysis delves into the economic viability, cost considerations, and financial
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Q2. The “billing department” of a chain of department stores prepares the monthly
inventory report for use by the stores’ purchasing agents. Given the following
information, use the “critical path method” to determine: (10 Marks)
a. How long the process will take.
b. Which jobs can be delayed without delaying the early start of any subsequent
activity?
c. Explain how the project can be fast tracked.
Job Job Description Time
(Hours)
Precedence
A Start 0 -requirements
B Get computer printouts of customer purchases 10 A
C Get stock records for the month 20 A
D Reconcile purchase printouts and stock records 30 B,C
E Total stock record by the department 20 B,C
F Determine reorder quantity for the coming
period
40 E
G Prepare stock report for purchasing agents 20 D,F
H Finish 0 G
Ans 2.
Introduction
Project management is an essential discipline for ensuring the successful completion of
projects within a designated timeframe and budget. One critical technique in this field is the
Critical Path Method (CPM), a step-by-step project management approach to schedule a set
of project activities. It is widely used for complex, but routine, operational or production
projects like the one described for a billing department of a chain of department stores. The
objective of this analysis is to apply CPM to the given task of preparing a monthly inventory
report. By examining the sequence of jobs, their duration, and dependencies, we aim to
identify the project’s longest stretch of dependent activities (the critical path), calculate the
Q3. Rail Vikas Nigam (RVNL) has given Larsen and Toubro Construction (L&T) an
Rs 2,447 crore contract to design and construct the Kolkata underground metro project
in the city’s Joka-Esplanade Metro Corridor.
According to an L&T press statement, the major works for the project include the
design and construction of the Ramp and Underground Metro railway works from
Mominpur to Esplanade, covering a distance of 5.05 km. The works comprise
constructing four underground stations, namely Khidderpore, Victoria, Park Street,
and Esplanade, along with tunnels created using Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) and
Cut & Cover methods.
The scope of the contract also includes architectural finishing works, track works, and
other related activities.
(Source: https://www.indianarrative.com/economy-news/rs-2447-crore-project-tobuild-
kolkata-metros-4-underground-stations-goes-to-lt-149218.html)
a. Explain the various characteristics of Kolkata underground metro project. (5
Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The Kolkata underground metro project, awarded to Larsen and Toubro Construction by Rail
Vikas Nigam Limited (RVNL), represents a significant advancement in urban infrastructure
development in India. With an allocated budget of Rs 2,447 crore, this project is not just a
testament to the growing emphasis on enhancing public transportation systems but also a
benchmark in complex engineering and construction. The project encompasses the design and
infrastructure projects in India and beyond.
b. Discuss in brief the different activities executed during the project life cycle of the
Kolkata underground metro project. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The Kolkata underground metro project, a monumental infrastructure undertaking, undergoes
a series of meticulously planned activities throughout its project life cycle. From inception to
completion, this project, like any major construction endeavor, follows a structured project
life cycle comprising various phases. Each phase involves specific activities tailored to meet
the project’s unique requirements and objectives. These activities encompass a broad
spectrum, ranging from initial planning and design to construction and eventual operation.
Understanding these activities is essential to appreciate the complexity and coordination
Research Methodology
April 2024 Examination
1. Shoppers stop is conducting an observational research study to analyze the behavior
of shoppers in a retail store. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of using a
concealed versus unconcealed observation technique. Which technique should be used
by Shoppers stop with relevant justification? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Observational research, a fundamental method within the realm of qualitative research, plays
a crucial role in understanding consumer behavior in real-time settings. Shoppers Stop, a
prominent retail entity, aims to utilize this approach to delve into the intricate patterns and
behaviors of shoppers within their store environment. The decision to employ either
concealed or unconcealed observation techniques pivots on various strategic considerations.
Concealed observation, where the observer remains hidden from the subjects, offers the
advantage of unfiltered, authentic behavior, as shoppers are unaware of being watched.
Conversely, unconcealed observation, where participants are aware of the observer’s
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2. What is a mediating variable? How a mediating variable is different from moderating
variable? Develop a conceptual model by analyzing literature to show the relationship of
mediating and moderating variable. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Research methodology is a crucial aspect of academic and scientific studies, as it outlines the
systematic, theoretical analysis of the methods applied to a field of study. It comprises the
theoretical analysis of the body of methods and principles associated with a branch of
knowledge. Within this framework, understanding the roles of mediating and moderating
variables is essential for comprehensive research design and analysis. Mediating variables
serve as intermediaries in the cause-and-effect relationship between independent and
dependent variables, essentially explaining the process or mechanism through which the
independent variable influences the dependent variable. On the other hand, moderating
variables alter the strength or direction of the relationship between the independent and
3. Sebamed, a German-based specialist skincare company, has emerged as a formidable
disruptor in the highly competitive skincare industry, significantly impacting Unilever’s
longstanding dominance. Sebamed’s unwavering dedication to catering specifically to
sensitive skin needs has resonated with a growing segment of health- conscious
consumers seeking more gentle and hypoallergenic skincare solutions. By focusing on
skin-friendly pH levels and leveraging dermatological research, Sebamed has
established itself as a trusted brand among those seeking targeted skincare solutions.
Their fierce advertising caused a lot of damage to Unilever. Sebamed’s success has
posed a direct threat to Unilever’s skincare business, especially in markets where
consumers increasingly prioritize natural and skin-friendly products. Acknowledging
the disruption caused by Sebamed, Unilever recognized the importance of addressing
consumer demand for more natural and sensitive skincare products.
a. Develop a questionnaire to survey the consumer’s preferences and expectations from
skin care product. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the evolving landscape of the skincare industry, understanding consumer preferences and
expectations is crucial for companies to stay competitive and relevant. The rise of Sebamed
as a disruptor, challenging Unilever’s dominance, underscores this need. Consumers are
increasingly drawn to products that cater to sensitive skin and prioritize natural ingredients.
To gain insights into these shifting preferences, a well-structured questionnaire is essential.
b. Conduct a primary data collection from 10-15 respondents and present the findings.
(5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Conducting primary data collection is a crucial step in understanding consumer behavior and
preferences, especially in dynamic markets like skincare. For this study, a survey based on
the previously developed questionnaire was distributed to a small sample of 10-15
respondents. This process aimed to gather firsthand information about consumer preferences,
Sales Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. If you are appointed as a sales trainer for a consumer products strategic business
unit of a large multinational company with 100 salespeople, how would you decide their
specific training needs? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
When appointed as a sales trainer for the consumer products strategic business unit of a large
multinational company, the primary objective is to ensure that the sales team of 100
individuals is proficient, efficient, and effective in their roles. Identifying their specific
training needs is a complex task that requires a multi-faceted approach. This process involves
understanding the unique dynamics of the company, the diverse skill sets of the salespeople,
and the evolving trends in consumer behavior and market demands. The sales team, being the
driving force behind revenue generation and customer relations, must be equipped with not
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Q2. Prepare a Sales Plan for a brand of soap brand focusing in rural market. (10
Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
A sales plan is a strategic roadmap designed to establish and achieve specific sales goals over
a certain period. When focusing on a rural market, particularly for a soap brand, the sales plan
must be tailored to address unique challenges and leverage opportunities inherent in these
areas. Rural markets often exhibit different consumer behaviors, purchasing power,
distribution channels, and marketing dynamics compared to urban settings. Therefore, a
comprehensive plan for a soap brand targeting rural customers must consider these nuances.
This plan will outline strategies to increase brand awareness, adapt to local preferences,
Q3. Read the case & answer the questions based on the case:
Anil has been working as a salesman with Sony Electronics for two years. The sales
manager is impressed with his excellent performance in both the years. To motivate
Anil, the sales manager has to choose from one of the following three options:
(a) Give an ‘all expenses paid’ international holiday package for Anil and his family,
(b) Include Anil in a special task force for new strategic initiatives,
(c) Present him the “Star Performer of the Year” award in the annual sales conference.
Questions:
Q3a. Suggest how Anil’s sales manager should take a decision. Justify (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
When deciding on the best form of recognition for Anil, a high-performing salesman at Sony
Electronics, the sales manager faces a choice between three distinct options. Each option
offers unique benefits and impacts Anil’s motivation and career trajectory differently. The
decision should align with Anil’s personal and professional aspirations, the company’s
culture, and the objectives of the sales team. This scenario underscores the complexity of
Q3b. What motivation techniques should be followed by Sony Electronics? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the fast-paced and competitive landscape of the electronics industry, effective motivation
techniques are crucial for maintaining a highly productive and committed workforce. Sony
Electronics, like any forward-thinking organization, should employ a range of motivational
strategies that cater to the diverse needs and aspirations of its employees. These techniques

Service Operations Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Service ‘Engineers’ play in a vital role in designing ‘processes’ in Service
Operations. Explain the three main techniques used to design and evaluate service
operations with reference to a healthcare setup like a hospital/ polyclinic of your choice.
(10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The realm of Service Operations Management is pivotal in shaping the efficiency and
effectiveness of service delivery, particularly in the healthcare sector. Service engineers, with
their specialized expertise, play a crucial role in designing and optimizing processes within
hospitals and polyclinics. Their contribution is especially vital in ensuring that these
healthcare facilities operate at peak efficiency while maintaining the highest standards of
patient care. In this context, three main techniques stand out for designing and evaluating
service operations: Lean Management, Six Sigma, and Queue Theory. Each of these
methodologies offers unique insights and tools for process improvement, tailored to meet the
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Q2. Quality in Service Operations/setup is evaluated on the basis of several factors.
Discuss the various applicable parameters? Elaborate your answer with an example of
Fine dine/ multicuisine restaurant of your choice. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Quality in service operations, especially in the context of a fine dine or multicuisine
restaurant, is a multifaceted concept that plays a crucial role in determining the success and
reputation of the establishment. It encompasses various parameters that collectively
contribute to the overall customer experience. These parameters often extend beyond the
tangible aspects of the food served, delving into intangibles such as ambiance, customer
service, and overall dining experience. In today’s highly competitive and customer-oriented
market, understanding and implementing these quality parameters is essential for any fine
Q3. Discuss the following aspects of service operations in context of any popular/major
Ecommerce delivery provider of your choice.
a.)Explain the concept of Service Design (Blueprinting) during the planning phase
of service operations that ensure that all processes are identified and function
efficiently. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Service design, particularly in the context of e-commerce delivery providers, is a critical
aspect of planning and executing efficient service operations. This process involves
meticulously crafting the service experience from the customer’s perspective, ensuring every
interaction and touchpoint is thoughtfully planned and seamlessly integrated. The concept of
service blueprinting emerges as a vital tool in this phase, offering a detailed visual
b.) What are the challenges faced by the Service Managers who manage these service
operations? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Service managers in the realm of e-commerce delivery face a unique set of challenges,
reflective of the dynamic and rapidly evolving nature of this sector. As they navigate through
the complexities of managing service operations, they encounter hurdles that range from
technological advancements to customer expectations and logistical intricacies. These
Services Marketing
April 2024 Examination
Q1. A lot of healthcare services are today available online. For example, you can consult
a doctor online without having to visit him. What do you think would be the factors and
the features of the mobile app/online facility that would attract your customers to this
online service? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the evolving landscape of healthcare, the advent of online services has revolutionized how
medical assistance is delivered and received. The convenience and accessibility of consulting
a doctor online, without the need for a physical visit, signify a significant shift in patientprovider
dynamics. This digital transformation is driven by several factors that appeal to
modern healthcare consumers. These factors encompass a range of user-centric features and
operational efficiencies that an online platform or mobile app must integrate to be successful.
The importance of such services is amplified in a world where time is a premium and
healthcare accessibility can be challenging. This paper aims to explore the key factors and
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Q2. “All franchising businesses are not successful.” Dunkin Donuts in India for example
is not doing well, however Baskin and Robbins using a franchise mode of operations has
been very successful. You want to become an entrepreneur running your own franchise.
What would be the challenges and advantages of using the franchise mode? (10
Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Franchising, as a business model, offers a unique blend of opportunities and challenges for
entrepreneurs. This model, leveraging established brand recognition and operational
frameworks, provides a strategic pathway for business expansion and market penetration.
However, not all franchises attain success, as evidenced by the contrasting fortunes of Dunkin
Donuts and Baskin Robbins in India. The critical divergences in their performance underline
the complexities inherent in franchising. This discussion aims to unravel the intricacies of
franchising as a mode of operation for aspiring entrepreneurs. By examining the underlying
Q3. Ram is opening a sports bar. The problem with bars is that it is highly regulated,
though profit margins are high and there is very little to differentiate in the offering. He
believes that Serviscape plays a critical role in the overall service experience and could
act as a differentiator. He has asked you for your advice.
a) Can the serviscape be a differentiator to the brand, integrated with the
service offering? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the highly competitive and regulated landscape of the bar industry, where differentiation is
often minimal, the concept of ‘serviscape’ emerges as a potential game-changer. Serviscape
refers to the physical environment in which a service process takes place and encompasses
elements like design, ambience, and overall atmosphere. For Ram’s sports bar, leveraging
serviscape could be a strategic move to create a unique identity and enhance customer
b) How will you communicate your target audience about your Serviscape? (5
Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Communicating the unique serviscape of a sports bar to the target audience is crucial in
establishing its market position and attracting patrons. This communication strategy should
not only inform potential customers about the physical attributes of the bar but also convey
the distinctive atmosphere and experience it offers. In today’s digital and highly visual world,
effective communication methods must be utilized to capture the essence of the sports bar’s
Strategic Cost Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. You stay in a semi-urban set up and near your house, medicine delivery is extremely
unreliable. The medicine shops close around 9 PM and medicine availability becomes a
challenge. You come up with a business plan to deliver medicines to all houses, (in the area)
at no extra cost, 24X7. The challenge however is that companies like 1mg, Net meds are
already offering their services in the area. The advantage for you is the popularity of
ordering medicine online is still not prevalent by the people in your area. You intend to buy
the products from the nearest retail point and delivery to the customer with the help of, few
delivery personnel that you will maintain. What are the challenges that you will face while
setting this up, from a services perspective? How will you differentiate yourself from the
competing firms? (10 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
In a semi-urban setting where medicine delivery is unstable, and the schedule of drug stores
reduces after a specific hour, introducing a 24×7 medicine delivery service provides a chance to
cater to the community’s unmet needs. Despite developed online drug store solutions like 1mg
and Net meds, the need for widespread adoption of online ordering in the area supplies a
prospective market for a localized, prompt, and dependable service. This business proposal
describes the challenges and approaches in establishing and setting apart a 24×7 medicine
delivery solution in such a circumstance.
While the realm of online pharmaceutical services, pioneered by industry giants like 1mg and
Net meds, has made strides elsewhere, its prevalent fostering within this specific locale continues
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2. Salman goes to ‘Javed Habibs salon’ and Amir goes to ‘Lakme salon’. If you are an
entrepreneur who wishes to open a salon, how will you differentiate your offerings vis a vis
your competitors. You are also clear that you want to offer your services at a higher price
point, where you intend to service fewer client base. You understand that your client’s time
(for your business idea) will be a very critical component for providing a great service.
How do you intend to manage the demand vis a vis the capacity? (10 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
In today’s affordable beauty and grooming industry, establishing a salon food catering to a niche
clientele at a premium rate point calls for a calculated method past mere solution provision. The
success of any salon heavily depends on its ability to distinguish itself from competitors like
‘Javed Habibs Salon’ and ‘Lakme Salon’ and offer unique value suggestions that resonate with a
discerning clientele.
The core purpose of this venture would be to produce a luxurious and unique salon experience,
concentrating not only on the quality of services used but also on the client’s time as a priceless
3. Sundar wants to start a ‘C2C’ (customer to customer) model of food service. He has just
passed out of his B School and the canteen food in his college was pathetic. Most of the
days, he relied on Swiggy and Zomato for his meals. He realized that probably there is a
need to have an option for customers to order it from home makers or families who would
be interested in selling their cooked food to others. Sundar started off with his basic
research and spoke to a couple of housewives who were willing. He got his B School
classmate on board to design an app that would help customers order. While both started
their work, he realized that there are two major problems in this service situation. The first
problem off course is bringing awareness for the services and popularizing it among the
people of his city. Another challenge would be to encourage home maker to enrol and
encourage them to sell. This would be a major bottleneck as most of the deliveries would be
following a specific timeline and unavailability of a home maker would cost the delivery
and customer. The second problem was the area of operations. The city in which he plans
to operate is big, with lots of offices and student population. He chose on the student’s
category primarily as his primary targeted audience. However, Sundar did not have any
hard data to support his stand. Sundar therefore came up with three value propositions for
his business.
Good quality food for students at a reasonable price.
Good discounts for students who are adopting a long-term association with his food service
company.
 Encourage home makers by providing them with the flexibility of number of days they
would want to work, a wonderful incentive plan, pick up from their home, faster settlement
of their accounts and training to pack and promote their food. Sundar is now charged up to
get things in place and start off the venture as early as possible. He now needs to start
working on the logistics, operations, service quality etc.
a.) Does Sundar have all the information needed to choose students as the segment? Is he
right with his decision? If you are his friend, what segments would you suggest and why?
(5 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
Introduce Sundar and his motivation to start a C2C food solution model.
Highlight the issues he identified with the existing food options in his university and the market
gap he intends to fill up.
Explain his initial steps: investigating, consulting with potential homemakers, and involving a
b.) Is Sundar, approaching the issue of service offering, too quickly? Do you feel he needs
to invest some more time designing the offering, as it could be more complex and deeper
than what it apparently looks like? (5 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
Sundar, a recent grad from a business school, acknowledged a space in the food solution sector,
especially for students who often count on exterior food delivery systems due to disappointing
canteen options. He imagined a C2C model linking home cooks with customers via an app-based
service. Sundar intends to solve the issue of poor-quality canteen food by supplying homemade
Strategic HRM
April 2024 Examination
Q.1 UNI HR Consulting is experiencing growth and expansion in its services. As a
result, the company is seeking to identify and develop potential leaders who can
contribute to the organization’s continued success. The leadership team is concerned
about talent gaps that may emerge as current leaders approach retirement or take on
new responsibilities. How can structured career pathing program in the context of
strategic career management benefits both employees and the organization? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic business landscape of today, organizations like UNI HR Consulting are
increasingly recognizing the importance of nurturing future leaders to sustain growth and
success. As the company faces the inevitable transition of its current leaders, the
implementation of a structured career pathing program becomes not just a strategic choice but
a necessity. Career pathing, as a core component of strategic career management, offers a
systematic approach to developing a robust leadership pipeline. This approach aligns the
growth aspirations of individual employees with the strategic goals of the organization,
ensuring a harmonious progression towards mutual success. The incorporation of such a
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Q.2 GlobalTech Solutions is a multinational technology company that specializes in
providing IT solutions to various industries. The company has a diverse workforce
spread across different regions. As GlobalTech Solutions continues to expand its
operations, the HR department plays a crucial role in aligning HR practices with the
company’s strategic goals. What criteria should GlobalTech Solutions consider when
evaluating potential outsourcing? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of multinational technology companies, GlobalTech Solutions
stands as a prominent player, navigating the complexities of serving varied industries with a
diverse workforce. The strategic role of the Human Resources (HR) department is pivotal,
especially as the company seeks to expand its global footprint. Outsourcing, a critical aspect
of modern business strategy, offers numerous benefits such as cost reduction, efficiency
improvement, and access to specialized skills. However, it also presents challenges like
quality control and cultural mismatches. For GlobalTech Solutions, evaluating potential
outsourcing opportunities requires a multi-faceted approach. This evaluation is not just about
Q.3 Neuro is a medium-sized technology firm operating in the software development
industry. The company had been experiencing challenges in attracting and retaining
top- tier talent due to increased competition and rapidly evolving technological
challenges. The leadership recognized the need for recruitment and selection processes
to better align with their strategic goals and compete effectively in the market.
Questions
a. Explain the process of recruitment to be adopted by Neuro to better align with their
strategic goals and compete effectively in the market. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Neuro, a medium-sized technology firm, finds itself in the highly competitive landscape of
software development, where attracting and retaining top-tier talent is crucial for success. The
ever-evolving technological challenges and intense market competition necessitate a strategic
approach to recruitment. For Neuro to align its recruitment processes with its strategic goals
and effectively compete in the market, it needs to adopt innovative, targeted, and efficient
b. Discuss the strategic issues that occur in the recruitment process, which Neuro needs
to be aware of. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The recruitment process is a critical element in the strategic framework of any organization,
particularly for a technology firm like Neuro, operating in a highly dynamic and competitive
industry. While recruitment presents opportunities for growth and innovation, it also poses
several strategic issues that can significantly impact the company’s objectives and market
position. Neuro must be acutely aware of these challenges to navigate the complexities of
talent acquisition effectively. These strategic issues range from maintaining employer
Strategic Management
April 2024 Examination
1. You are a mobile phone manufacturer manufacturing phones for different segments
of the population. Sales for your lower segment phones is falling while sales for your
higher segment is increasing. Why do you think is this happening? What could be the
reasons? How do you deal with situation? Does this need any change of strategy? What
changes would you do in strategy? Give valid reasons, examples while answering the
questions. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Within the ever-evolving mobile phone market, trends and consumer preferences constantly
evolve. The observed shift in sales, with lower segment phones declining while higher
segment phones increased, is indicative of changing consumer demands and market
conditions, creating both opportunities and challenges for mobile phone manufacturers.
Examining what factors are driving this shift requires conducting in-depth analyses, such as
technological advances, changes in consumer purchasing power, saturation of lower segments
or rising perceived values for premium features. Understanding these factors is integral to
developing an effective strategic response, and can indicate a change in approach – perhaps
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2. India has been a laggard in the world of Sports. You have been appointed as a
consultant for strategy for building a sports ecosystem in India. Suggest a strategic road
map to make India a sporting powerhouse. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
India’s path in sports has been one of triumphant achievement and periods of
underachievement. India has historically demonstrated great potential in various sports
disciplines; however, its overall performance in international sporting competitions has been
disappointing given its size and potential. Therefore, a comprehensive plan to make India into
a sporting powerhouse is imperative. Transformation requires an integrated approach,
covering infrastructure development, talent cultivation, policy innovation and cultural
adjustment. Goal of creating an ecosystem of sports beyond cricket that embraces everything
3. You are the marketing strategy head for a major online music service. Your business
is dependent on advertising, but, despite the large number of consumers listening to
your app. Advertisers have not been enthused to advertise. (5 Marks)
a. What strategy should you adopt to get advertisers on board? Give examples to justify
your
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Within the highly competitive landscape of online music services, one of the major
challenges lies in attracting advertisers despite having a large user base. As the marketing
strategist of an online music service, your priority should be understanding and capitalizing
on its unique aspects to attract advertisers. This means demonstrating the value proposition of
the platform, demonstrating audience engagement levels, and offering innovative advertising
solutions that meet both consumer needs and advertiser expectations. Any strategy adopted
b. Create two ideas to engage with advertisers. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Engaging with advertisers in a meaningful and effective way is crucial for an online music
service that relies heavily on advertising revenue. The challenge lies in crafting innovative
and mutually beneficial engagement strategies that resonate with the advertisers’ goals while
preserving the integrity and appeal of the platform for users. These strategies should not only
capture the attention of potential advertisers but also demonstrate the unique opportunities
Supply Chain Management
April 2024 Examination
1. “SV Foods” is a snack supply start-up, who set up business post covid. They make
varieties of sweets and snack items which are delicacies from different Indian cuisine.
Over last 2 years they have expanded operations to Mumbai, Pune, Bangalore,
Chennai, Kolkata. They have also started getting international orders from snack
dealers, event organizers etc. Locally within India, party organizers, wedding
organizers, caterers have tied up with them for bulk orders and customized orders. In
addition, they have recently started online portal for retail orders as well which is
picking volumes. Describe any 3 types of distribution network design they can look at to
cater to this their business growth. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The evolution of “SV Foods” from a post-COVID startup to a multifaceted snack supplier
highlights the dynamic nature of modern supply chain management (SCM). Specializing in
Indian cuisine delicacies, SV Foods has rapidly expanded, serving diverse markets in
Mumbai, Pune, Bangalore, Chennai, Kolkata, and now internationally. Their growth
trajectory includes bulk orders from local event organizers and caterers, alongside a
burgeoning online retail segment. This expansion necessitates a robust and flexible
distribution network to effectively manage the complexity and scale of their operations. A
well-designed distribution network is pivotal for ensuring timely delivery, maintaining
globally.
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2. “On Call” is a super market chain that operates 6 locations within the city. They do
good volume of consumer-packaged goods business especially food, beverage, toiletries
etc., Business growth has lead to issues like non-availability of items meet customer
demand. Other times, high stocks of items which are disposed due to shelf- life. Overall,
the main challenge of availability on time. Their thought is to have centralized and
safety stock and some items with comparatively high shelf-life in stock. Issue with this
approach would be seasonal and sudden demand changes. Recommend how you would
remedy this situation through safety stock maintenance (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Supply Chain Management (SCM) is pivotal in retail operations, especially for supermarket
chains like “On Call,” which grapples with the dynamic demands of consumer-packaged
goods, including food, beverage, and toiletries. The primary challenge they face is
maintaining an equilibrium between supply and demand to prevent stockouts and
overstocking, which can lead to disposal of products due to shelf-life expiration. This
challenge is further compounded by seasonal variations and sudden shifts in consumer
demand. The consideration of a centralized inventory with safety stock for items with longer
shelf-lives is a strategic move. However, it presents its own set of challenges, notably in
3.“Grow More” is a gardening items store. They have gardening pots, tools, manure,
seeds etc. They have higher sales during monsoon and some stable sales for certain
items across other seasons as well. They also have 5 people who do consultancy and
provide garden maintenance tips for customers by visiting their home garden. Being a
growing organization, they have difficulties related to database maintenance, lack of
support system and organization structure, no formal customer service measurement
and improvement which affects customer satisfaction. Some customer complaint took
very long time to resolve and it lead to bad reviews in their FB/X (Twitter) handle.
a. Apply any 3 supply chain enablers they can address to remedy this situation? (5
Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
“Grow More,” a burgeoning gardening store, finds itself at a crucial juncture where its
operational challenges are starting to impact customer satisfaction. The issues stemming from
inadequate database maintenance, lack of a structured support system, and the absence of a
formal customer service evaluation mechanism are not just internal inefficiencies but are also
tarnishing their public image. In the competitive retail sector, especially in specialized areas
like gardening, addressing these issues through effective supply chain enablers is vital.
b. Their long-term view is to operate at a Lean and Agile Value Chain, specifically apply
any 3 improvement points which will logically enable them to evolve to that level? (5
Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
“Grow More” is poised to transition towards a Lean and Agile Value Chain, a strategic move
that can significantly enhance their operational efficiency and customer responsiveness. This
approach focuses on streamlining processes, eliminating waste, and being adaptable to
changing customer needs. In the context of a gardening items store, this transition is not just
about internal efficiency; it’s about creating a value chain that is responsive to seasonal
Total Quality Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. What would be your objectives for implementing Quality Circle in your work area?
Discuss the composition of your Quality Circle team. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Implementing a Quality Circle in a work area is a strategic move aimed at enhancing overall
performance, productivity, and employee engagement. A Quality Circle, a form of
participative management, is a small group of employees who voluntarily come together to
identify, analyze, and resolve work-related problems. Typically, this group includes frontline
workers, led by a supervisor, who possess a direct understanding of the processes and
challenges within their work environment. The primary objectives for implementing such a
circle include improving product or service quality, increasing efficiency, fostering a
collaborative work culture, and promoting a sense of ownership and responsibility among
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Q2. Explain the statement with proper examples “The quality of a product influences
the cost of the product”. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Total Quality Management (TQM) is a comprehensive approach that emphasizes the
importance of quality in every facet of a business’s operations. One of the central tenets of
TQM is the intrinsic link between the quality of a product and its cost. This relationship is
multifaceted, encompassing not only the direct costs of production but also the broader
implications on a company’s financial health and market reputation. High-quality products
often demand more refined materials, meticulous manufacturing processes, and thorough
quality checks, which may initially increase production costs. However, superior quality can
Q3. Performance measurement is one of the most essential factors of the total quality
initiatives of an organization. It is concerned with managing the result and minimizing
the overall variation in products or process.
a. In your opinion what should be the objectives of an efficient measurement system?
(5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Performance measurement is a cornerstone of Total Quality Management (TQM), playing a
crucial role in monitoring and enhancing an organization’s efficiency and effectiveness. An
efficient measurement system serves as the backbone for continuous improvement and
strategic decision-making. Its primary objective is to provide a clear, accurate, and
comprehensive view of an organization’s performance in relation to its goals and objectives.
b. Discuss Strategic Performance Measurement (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Strategic Performance Measurement (SPM) is an integral part of modern business
management, aligning performance metrics with an organization’s strategic goals. Unlike
traditional performance measurement, which often focuses on short-term operational metrics,
SPM takes a broader view, emphasizing long-term objectives and overall organizational
health. This approach ensures that daily operations are not just efficient but also effectively
Warehouse Management
April 2024 Examination
1. Discuss Different Product Movement activities considering example of an
Ecommerce warehouse. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Warehouse management plays a crucial role in the efficient operation of e-commerce
businesses. The core of these operations is the effective handling of product movement
activities. In an e-commerce warehouse, these activities encompass a range of processes from
the receipt of goods to their eventual dispatch. The introduction of technology and automation
has significantly streamlined these processes, enhancing both speed and accuracy.
Understanding the nuances of these activities is essential to comprehend how they contribute
to the overall efficiency and customer satisfaction in e-commerce. The management of these
activities also reflects the adaptability and scalability of a warehouse, which are vital in the
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2. Form a safety charter for employees of a warehouse to create awareness about
Occupational safety and health considering points such as Fire safety, working at
heights etc. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Warehouse management plays a critical role in ensuring the safety and well-being of
employees, especially in an environment prone to various occupational hazards. A safety
charter serves as a cornerstone for cultivating a culture of safety and awareness within a
warehouse setting. This crucial document not only outlines clear guidelines for safe
operations but also demonstrates an organization’s commitment to the welfare of its
employees. Given the nature of warehouse work, which often includes handling heavy
machinery, working at heights, and potential exposure to hazardous materials, the importance
of such a charter cannot be overstated. It not only educates employees about the risks
3. You are the warehouse manager of a pharmaceutical distribution center responsible
for storing and distributing a wide range of medical products. The warehouse has been
facing challenges in meeting increasing demand, maintaining temperature- sensitive
products, and ensuring accurate order fulfillment. The management is considering
investing in robotics and automation to improve warehouse efficiency and ensure
product integrity. Your task is to analyze the situation and propose a plan for
implementing robotics and automation in the pharmaceutical warehouse.
a. Conduct a thorough analysis of the current pharmaceutical warehouse operations.
Identify the key pain points and inefficiencies that arise from manual material handling,
order picking, and inventory management processes. Discuss the impact of these
challenges on order processing times, inventory accuracy, and compliance with
regulatory requirements. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the dynamic and demanding realm of pharmaceutical distribution, the efficiency and
accuracy of warehouse operations are paramount. As the manager of a pharmaceutical
distribution center, I am acutely aware of the challenges we face in meeting escalating
demand while maintaining the integrity of temperature-sensitive products. Manual material
handling, order picking, and inventory management are pivotal areas where inefficiencies
b. Develop a comprehensive plan for implementing robotics and automation
technologies in the pharmaceutical warehouse to enhance operational efficiency and
maintain product integrity. Propose specific robotic solutions for various warehouse
tasks. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In addressing the operational challenges of our pharmaceutical warehouse, the
implementation of robotics and automation stands as a transformative solution. This
comprehensive plan aims to integrate advanced technologies strategically, ensuring not only a
significant boost in operational efficiency but also the maintenance of product integrity,
which is crucial in the pharmaceutical sector. By identifying and deploying specific robotic
World Class Operations
April 2024 Examination
Q1. European Quality Award emphasis on Innovation and Learning. How far do you
agree with this statement? Establish with suitable arguments. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The European Quality Award, a beacon of excellence in the realm of organizational
performance, places a significant emphasis on innovation and learning as pivotal elements for
achieving and maintaining superior quality standards. This focus aligns with the evolving
nature of global markets, where continuous improvement and adaptability are not merely
advantageous but essential for survival and success. The rationale behind this emphasis is
rooted in the belief that an organization’s ability to innovate and learn continuously acts as a
catalyst for not only enhancing product and service quality but also for fostering a culture of
excellence and sustainability. By prioritizing innovation and learning, organizations can
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Q2. ISO series helps in breaking down barriers to international trade by bringing in
uniformity in business standards and regulations among organizations around the
world. Establish the benefits that manufacturing firms can get in implementing ISO
Standards in their operations. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The integration of International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards into
manufacturing operations marks a significant stride towards global business excellence. ISO
standards, a collection of frameworks and guidelines, aim to elevate the quality, safety, and
efficiency of products, services, and systems worldwide. For manufacturing firms, the
adoption of these standards is not merely a compliance measure but a strategic move towards
enhanced performance and international competitiveness. By harmonizing procedures and
criteria across borders, ISO standards facilitate the removal of trade barriers, thereby fostering
Q3a. Reliability Indices are used to measure reliability. As a consultant dealing with
Reliability Measures, which indices you will refer to and why? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the realm of reliability engineering and analysis, reliability indices serve as pivotal tools
for quantifying the reliability of systems, components, or processes. These indices, crucial in
decision-making and performance evaluation, provide a numerical representation of
reliability, enabling consultants and engineers to assess and improve the dependability of
various systems. As a consultant specializing in reliability measures, the selection of
b) With reference to Reliability Measures why do you think that Reliability Programs
need to be implemented in manufacturing industry? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the manufacturing industry, the implementation of reliability programs is a strategic
imperative for achieving operational excellence. These programs, grounded in the principles
of reliability engineering, focus on maximizing the dependability and performance of
manufacturing processes and equipment. This introduction underscores the importance of
reliability programs in manufacturing, which not only ensure consistent product quality and

 

 

 

 

Business and Allied Law
April 2024 Examination
1. The term ‘caveat emptor’ is not only an essential concept for buyers but also for
sellers as it absolves a seller from any further liability after a particular transaction is
completed. However, With globalization, the Indian markets have come in synchrony
with the global leaders and therefore, the businesses here have started realizing that
consumers or buyers occupy a superior position now. In view of this, analyze whether
the concept of Caveat Emptor is still relevant to contracts of Sale of Goods in the 21st
Century also do you think the era should be of Caveat Venditor instead of Caveat
Emptor. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The principle of ‘caveat emptor’, meaning “let the buyer beware”, has traditionally
underpinned transactions, placing the onus on buyers to conduct due diligence before making
a purchase. This doctrine favored sellers by limiting their obligations to disclose, effectively
absolving them of liability once a sale was concluded. However, the advent of globalization
and the ensuing alignment of Indian markets with global standards have ushered in a
significant shift. Consumer empowerment and protection have become paramount, prompting
a reevaluation of ‘caveat emptor’s relevance in the modern marketplace. The evolving legal
landscape and consumer expectations now challenge the traditional seller-centric approach,
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Q.2 The Central Government on recommendations of The Second National Commission
on Labour proposed to replace 29 existing Labour Laws with four Codes to simplify
and modernize labour regulation. The major challenge was to facilitate employment
growth while protecting workers’ rights. Briefly describe the four labour codes. (10
marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The modernization and simplification of labour laws in India have been a significant step
towards aligning the country’s regulatory framework with the evolving needs of its economy
and workforce. Recognizing the complexities and redundancies in the existing system, where
29 distinct labour laws created a labyrinthine legal framework, the Central Government,
guided by the recommendations of The Second National Commission on Labour, embarked
on a comprehensive reform process. This reform aimed at consolidating these laws into four
succinct Labour Codes. This initiative was driven by a dual objective: to spur employment
growth across sectors by making the regulatory environment more business-friendly, and to
Q.3 Mr.Reddy alleged that he purchased a pulse oximeter from XYZ Medical Shop in
Secundrabad for Rs.1600/- on July 2023. However, upon testing the oximeter at home,
he discovered that it did not function properly. He immediately informed the medical
shop about the disfunction of the device but got an inadequate answer. The medical
store offered replacement with a lower-priced alternative, but Mr. Reddy
demanded a full refund. Despite his efforts, it only refunded a partial amount stating
that the taxes have already been paid to the Govt. The medical store also mentioned that
they were merely retailers and not responsible for the functioning or warranty of the
product.
(a) Analyze the case and mention the remedies available to Mr.Reddy with the help of
the latest case laws. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The case involving Mr. Reddy and XYZ Medical Shop highlights a common consumer
grievance regarding the purchase of defective goods, in this case, a pulse oximeter. The
consumer’s demand for a full refund confronts the retailer’s stance of offering a lower-priced
replacement or a partial refund, citing tax payments and disclaiming responsibility for the
product’s functionality. This scenario underscores the need to examine consumer rights and
(b) Explain the redressal machinery as available under the Consumer Protection Act
and mention the forum to which Mr. Reddy should approach. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The Consumer Protection Act provides a comprehensive mechanism for the redressal of
consumer grievances, designed to offer quick and effective remedies to consumers facing
issues with goods and services. This legal framework establishes a three-tier system of
consumer courts at the district, state, and national levels, ensuring that consumers have
accessible venues for lodging complaints and seeking justice. The Act empowers consumers
Business Communication
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Many organisations have changed to traditional form of interviews and are utilizing
the different types of interviews for getting the best human resource is the most timesaving
and economic form. Highlights any 4 such different styles of the interview with
suitable examples. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the contemporary corporate landscape, the evolution of recruitment strategies has been
significant, shifting away from traditional interview forms towards more innovative and
diverse methodologies. This transition is driven by the need for efficiency, cost-effectiveness,
and the pursuit of securing the best talent in a competitive market. Interviews, being a pivotal
phase in the hiring process, have transformed to encompass various styles, each tailored to
evaluate candidates’ competencies, personality, and fit for the organization in unique ways.
These methods range from behavioral assessments to task-oriented evaluations, offering a
holistic view of an applicant’s potential beyond the conventional question-and-answer format.
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Q2. “In India, the public has become a force to be reckoned with. Thus, it is important
for organisations to focus on developing business rapport and most importantly PR.”
Explain in detail the above statement, giving examples of organizations that give
importance to PR activities. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of India’s economy, the power of the public has surged to
unprecedented levels. This evolution is a testament to the growing influence of consumer
opinions, social media, and the increased transparency demanded from corporate entities. The
statement underscores the critical importance of organizations in India to not only foster
strong business rapport but to prioritize Public Relations (PR) as a strategic imperative. PR, in
this context, is not merely about managing the news cycle or crisis communication; it’s about
building a sustainable relationship with the public, understanding their needs, and engaging
them in meaningful ways. Organizations that have mastered the art of PR have seen tangible
benefits in terms of brand loyalty, stakeholder trust, and ultimately, their bottom line.
Q3. The Molson Coors Brewing Company is the world’s fifth largest brewer, but it’s
aiming higher—and it’s tapping the power of personality type to get there. In Canada,
Molson has a leading market share and is the largest brewer by volume. But in the
fiercely competitive beer business, that’s only enough to give North America’s oldest
brewery a slim lead. “It’s a tough market,” says Diane Larouche, a change manager
with the company’s IT project management office in Montreal. “There are a lot
of players, including microbreweries. Globalization is aggressive. And wine is gaining
ground.” To thrive in the midst of these pressures, the company has set aggressive goals
and is working to create a culture of “brilliant execution.” “The leadership team wants
to work more from the grassroots up, in this area and many others,” says Larouche.
“They understand that competitive advantage comes from people, not technology.
The brilliant execution initiative is about empowering people to ‘decide, plan, do, and
review.’
As part of the initiative, Larouche facilitated a team-building activity in May 2010 with
the finance department of Molson Coors Canada. Consulting first with a senior vice
president and three VPs, she got an idea of the situation and the challenges facing the
department’s three work groups. “Making decisions was a problem,” she says. “There
was a sense that it was a long process. People were second-guessing themselves and each
other.” With that in mind, she reflected on what the team needed to achieve brilliant
execution: “How can people contribute? How can they work to the best of their ability?
How can they leverage their differences to move forward more positively?”
She then conducted team-building workshops with more than 90 employees, from VPs
to administrative assistants, using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. “I wanted to help
them work well together and relate well with each other,” she says. “I picked the MBTI
tool because it enables people to understand their own styles, how they lead their day-today
activities, and how that affects the group. It brings out the soft-skills side that you
need along with the mechanical process side if you want a group to be very good at
delivering exceptional results.” She also chose the MBTI Step II assessment for its
reliability—“It’s a credible tool, it has validity and it’s been well studied,” she
explains—and for the more refined picture it offers of each type. “The amount of
information in the reports was perfect,” she says. “It was concise and easy for each
person to understand, and for synthesizing to get the bigger picture of how the groups
were functioning.” Larouche says the feedback she received from the team was
excellent: “There were a lot of thinkers, people who objected when it was decision time,”
she says. “This experience showed them the limitations of majority groupthink. They
could see how they were not benefiting from others, how their patterns and
misperceptions were causing them to ignore or judge some people without considering
them. With awareness of self and awareness of others, the whole team will be more able
to realize the benefit of diversity and become more efficient and effective.
a. What Steps did the Change Manager take to make people in company better
executors? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Diane Larouche, as a change manager at Molson Coors Brewing Company, embarked on a
strategic initiative aimed at transforming the company’s culture into one characterized by
“brilliant execution.” Recognizing the challenges posed by a competitive market, Larouche’s
approach centered on leveraging the unique strengths and personality types within the
organization. By facilitating team-building activities and employing the Myers-Briggs Type
b. What revelations did the MBTI tool offer? How did the results help the company? (5
Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) tool, employed by Diane Larouche in her teambuilding
initiative at Molson Coors Brewing Company, provided profound insights into the
diverse personality types present within the company’s workforce. This psychological
assessment tool was instrumental in uncovering the intrinsic work styles, decision-making
processes, and interpersonal dynamics of the employees. The revelations from the MBTI tool
Business Ethics and Corporate Governance
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Samantha works as a pharmacy technician at a local community pharmacy. One
day, her close friend Emily comes into the pharmacy with a prescription for a
medication that is known to be commonly abused. However, Samantha notices that the
prescription looks altered and might have been stolen or forged. Emily pleads with
Samantha to fill the prescription, saying it’s for a family member who urgently needs
the medication.
Samantha is torn between her loyalty to her friend and her ethical responsibility as a
pharmacy technician to ensure the proper use of prescription medications. She knows
that filling a potentially stolen or forged prescription could contribute to drug misuse
and harm to individuals.
Question: In this situation, what ethical dilemma does Samantha face? What are the
conflicting interests, and how might they impact her decision-making process? Provide
a recommendation for how Samantha could navigate this dilemma while upholding
ethical principles. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Samantha’s predicament encapsulates a fundamental ethical dilemma that professionals often
encounter in the workplace: the conflict between personal loyalties and professional
responsibilities. This scenario, set in a community pharmacy, highlights the ethical
complexities inherent in the healthcare industry, where decisions can have profound
implications on individual health and societal well-being. Samantha, a pharmacy technician,
faces a challenging situation where her personal relationship with a close friend, Emily,
clashes with her professional duty to adhere to legal and ethical standards in prescription
handling. This dilemma not only tests Samantha’s commitment to her professional integrity
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Q2. Alex works for a construction company that is bidding for a government contract to
build a new public school. The competition is tough, and the company is eager to secure
the project. The government official in charge of awarding the contract hints to Alex
that if the company provides him with a significant sum of money, he can ensure that
their bid is selected.
In addition, the official suggests that if Alex agrees to pay him, he will expedite the
approval process for the necessary permits and licenses, which will save the company
valuable time and resources. Alex knows that his company is struggling financially and
that winning the contract could greatly benefit them.
Question: In this scenario, can you distinguish between bribery, graft, and corruption?
Explain how each of these terms applies to the situation Alex is facing and their
potential implications for both him and his company. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the contemporary business landscape, ethical dilemmas such as the one faced by Alex are
not uncommon. This scenario presents a classic case where business ethics and corporate
governance are put to the test. At its core, this situation revolves around the concepts of
bribery, graft, and corruption – terms often used interchangeably but with distinct meanings
and implications. These unethical practices not only challenge personal integrity but also
have far-reaching consequences for businesses and society at large. Understanding the
nuances of each term is crucial in dissecting the ethical dilemma faced by Alex and his
construction company. As they navigate the murky waters of a tempting but unethical
Q3. Scenario: Pursuit of Personal Happiness
Sarah is a young professional who recently started her dream job as a wildlife
conservationist. She’s passionate about protecting endangered species and preserving
their natural habitats. She spends her days conducting field research, working with
local communities, and advocating for conservation policies.
Using the PERMA model, which focuses on five essential elements of well-being –
Positive emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment – let’s
examine Sarah’s situation.
a) How does Sarah’s role as a wildlife conservationist align with the elements of the
PERMA model? Identify specific aspects of her job that contribute to each element of
well-being. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The PERMA model, proposed by psychologist Martin Seligman, provides a comprehensive
framework for understanding well-being through five essential elements: Positive Emotion,
Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment. Analyzing Sarah’s role as a
wildlife conservationist through this lens offers valuable insights into how her career
contributes to her overall well-being. Her job, intrinsically aligned with her passion for
b) Despite having a fulfilling job, Sarah occasionally experiences burnout due to the
challenging nature of her work and the emotional toll of witnessing environmental
degradation. How can she apply the PERMA model to address her burnout and
maintain a sustainable level of well-being in her career? (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
While Sarah’s role as a wildlife conservationist aligns well with the PERMA model’s
elements for well-being, the demanding nature of her work can lead to burnout. Burnout,
characterized by emotional exhaustion and reduced personal accomplishment, can diminish
her overall well-being, despite the job’s fulfillment aspects. Applying the PERMA model to
address burnout involves strategically enhancing each element of the model – Positive
Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment – to create a more
Consumer Behaviour
April 2024 Examination
1. How has Tata group expanded its companies in the market? What was the marketing
strategy of launching their retail products in the Indian market? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The Tata Group, a conglomerate with a storied legacy in the Indian and global markets, has
adeptly expanded its presence across various sectors, including technology, steel, automotive,
and consumer goods. This expansion is not just a testament to the group’s diversified interests
but also to its strategic approach towards understanding and tapping into consumer behavior.
In the Indian market, particularly, Tata’s entry and growth in the retail sector highlight its
adept maneuvering through the complex tapestry of Indian consumer preferences and
competitive landscapes. By leveraging a mix of traditional values and modern retail practices,
Tata has not only established a robust footprint but also set new benchmarks for retail
excellence in India. The group’s marketing strategy, focusing on customer-centricity,
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2. How does display improve the sale of the product and grab the customers attention,
explain it with an example of a spectacles industry? How do the promotions help in the
sale? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic realm of consumer markets, the presentation and promotion of products play
pivotal roles in influencing purchasing decisions. A well-crafted display not only enhances
the visibility of a product but also significantly contributes to its appeal, making it more
attractive to potential buyers. This principle holds true across various industries, including the
spectacles industry, where the manner in which eyewear is presented can drastically affect
consumer interest and sales. Effective displays capture customers’ attention by highlighting
the product’s features, quality, and design, thereby creating a desire and a perceived need.
Similarly, promotions serve as a powerful tool to stimulate interest and encourage purchase
3. Case Study
Asian Paints: Giving its business model a fresh coat of paint
A temporary ban on paint imports during World War II resulted in an opportunity for
domestic production. Sensing a similar opportunity, 26-yard old entrepreneur
Champaklal H Choksey and his three friends- Chimanlal N Choksi, Suryakant C Dani
and Arvind R Vakil- set up Asian Paints in Mumbai. By 1967, Asian Paints had become
the largest paint company in India-a position it holds until this day (excerpts from The
Unusual Billionaires by Saurabh Mukherjee, founder and chief investment officer of
Marcellus Investment Managers).
Asian Paints, which controls a significant chunk (over 40 per cent in decorative paints)
of the paint market in India, has done so by working on various strategies through the
years to keep its growth intact whilst also remaining competitive in the industry.
In the first phase of growth, it went on to become India’s largest paint company in 1967.
In its second phase, Choksey decided to bring in professionals to grow the company.
Among his early hours was PM Murty, who joined Asian Paints in 1971 and rose
through the ranks to become managing director and chief executive officer in 2009.
Murty was one of the big hires that Choksey made when he decided to bring
professionals in board. KBS Anand, who joined the paint major in the 1970s, was at the
helm between 2012 and March 31, 2020.
From working on its weaknesses and leveraging its strength in distribution to closing in
on the gaps in the industry, Asian Paints became the second-most valuable paint
company in the world by market capitalisation. From having the highest number of
tinting machines to increasing its dealer count, along with macro factors, the form has
grown consistently over the years.
Rising aspirations and shortened paint cycles at homes, form seven/eight years to fourfive
years, have helped both the company and the decorative paint industry grow in
volumes. These macro factors have been one of the major growth drivers for the
company in the last few years, said Sachin Bobade, vice-president – research, Dolat
Capital. The other government initiatives to convert ‘kuchha’ homes into ‘pucca’ have
also helped the company grow.
Another key growth Grover was bringing paints under the 18 per cent goods and
services tax slab, compared to the earlier 28 per cent. This, too, helped Asian Paints,
said Vishal Gutka, V-P-research, Phillip Capital.
Vishal Gutka said that if paints had continued to remain under the higher tax slab, it
would have had an impact on not just its financials, but on the industry at large.
Over the past seven decades, Asian Paints has built India’s largest paint dealer network
of more than 70,000, from the 35,000 dealers in 2013-14(FY14). The game changer for
the paint industry was the introduction of tinting machines in the early 1990s. While the
technology of tinting machines was brought into the country by Jenson & Nicholson.
Asian Paints and Berger Paints replicated the same in no time. While Berger Paints
introduced the concept in 1995-96, Asian Paints soon caught up.
Dolat Capital, in its report last year, showed that tinting machines for the firm have
grown from 27,000 in FY14 to 46,000 in 2019-20(FY20); it’s competitor was far behind
at 20,000 in FY20. Tinting machines help paints dealers offer a variety of colours, which
was earlier restricted. A tinting machine uses a base of three colours and 16 colourants
to produce 5,000 colours instantly.
Gutka also explained that over time, Asian Paints has ironed out the kinds. It has
products across price points, “The company has a weak standing in the economy paint
segment, which it covered by the launch of products to help it combat players in the
unorganised segment and also pushed for the use of its putty aggressively through its
existing network.”
Asian Paints gives a warranty on the full use of its products, which has helped the
company push all its products. On the financial front, the company has the highest
margins in the industry, compared to its peers. In FY21, its operating margins stood at
23.9 per cent, while its peers (Berger Paints, Kansai Nerolac, AkzoNobel, and Indigo
Paints) saw their margins in the range of 15-18 per cent.
In the first half of the year, which was largely governed by high raw material prices, its
operating margins were at 16.2 per cent, while other players saw their margins at 12.2-
15.5 per cent. It initiated rounds of price hikes through the year to mitigate the impact
of higher raw material prices. Gutka said the firm has taken price hikes to the tune of
20-22 per cent (year-to-date) and will take another round of price hikes in January. On
the revenue front, Asian Paints is more than 3x larger than India’s second largest paint
maker (Berger) in FY21.
Despite the bigger size, its revenue grew at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of
6.2 per cent over the last three years (same as Berger’s). Same on the net profit front
(CAGR of 20.7 per cent). However, it is growing at a faster pace compared to Kansai
Nerolac (FY21 sales of Rs5,074 crore) and AkzoNobel (Rs2,421 crore).
a. What is the reason Asian Paints is number one in India? What other reasons affect
the sales of a company? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Asian Paints’ ascent to the pinnacle of India’s paint industry is a testament to strategic
innovation, robust growth initiatives, and an unwavering commitment to quality. This
remarkable journey, from its inception during a time of import restrictions to becoming the
market leader, underscores the company’s ability to navigate challenges and seize
opportunities. Beyond its historical context, several factors contribute to its sustained
b. Why are the margins better for Asian paints and how will it impact the sales? What is
the importance of distribution network in the retail sector and how does it affect the
sales? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Asian Paints’ superior operating margins and its expansive distribution network are central
pillars supporting its leadership in the paint industry. Operating margins, a critical measure of
profitability, reflect the efficiency with which a company converts sales into pre-tax profits.
For Asian Paints, higher margins signify not only financial health but also strategic pricing,
cost management, and brand value. Simultaneously, the distribution network plays a pivotal
Corporate Accounting
April 2024 Examination
1. Amar takes over the business of Anil as on 31st March 2023. The Balance Sheets of
both companies as on that date are as under:
Balance sheet of M/s Amar Ltd. as on 31st March 2023
Liabilities Rs. Assets Rs.
Equity Share Capital (Rs. 10
each) 1200000 Land & Building 1150000
12% Preference Shares 500000 Plant & Machinery 825000
Reserves & Surplus 65000 Other Assets 123000
8% Debentures 250000 Inventory 77000
Payables 175000 Receivables 100000
Other Liabilities 120000
Cash & Bank
Balances 35000
2310000 2310000
Balance Sheet of M/s Anil Ltd. as on 31st March 2023
Liabilities Rs. Assets Rs.
Equity Share Capital (Rs. 10
each) 650000 Land & Building 893000
10% Preference Shares 200000 Plant & Machinery 345000
Reserves & Surplus 13000 Other Assets 78000
10% Debentures 250000 Inventory 45000
Payables 200000 Receivables 52000
Other Liabilities 112000
Cash & Bank
Balances 12000
1425000 1425000
Terms of the deal were as follows:
Issue of equal no. of equity shares of Rs. 10 each at a premium of Re.1 /share to
shareholders of M/s Anil Limited.
Issue of 12% Preference Shares of Rs. 50 each against existing Preference Shares of M/s
Anil Ltd. at Par.
Debentures converted to 10% Debentures of M/s Amar Ltd. at proportionate value to
the
Debenture holders of M/s Anil Ltd.
Land & Building fair valued to Rs. 10,50,000/- and Plant & Machinery to Rs. 2,75,000/-
i. Pass Journal entries for the above assuming M/s Amar Ltd. does not intend to carry
on the business of M/s Anil Ltd.
ii. If the Value of Purchase Consideration is more than the value of assets taken over,
the difference is transferred to which Account? (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the realm of corporate finance and accounting, the process of one company taking over
another involves a series of meticulous transactions that are reflected through journal entries.
These entries not only document the transfer of assets and liabilities but also the issuance of
shares and debentures as part of the purchase consideration. The case of Amar Ltd. taking
over Anil Ltd. as of 31st March 2023, presents a classic example of such a corporate
restructuring. The balance sheets of both companies provide a snapshot of their financial
positions right before the takeover, setting the stage for a detailed accounting treatment of the
transaction. This exercise not only requires an understanding of the principles of accounting
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2. M/s Mittal Ltd. issued 75,000 debentures @ 8% interest on 1st April 2022 at par.
Interest is paid semi-annually. The Company redeemed 5,000 shares on 31st March
2023. Pass necessary Journal entries for the above for FY 2022-23 and FY 2023-24. (10
marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
In corporate accounting, the issuance and redemption of debentures and shares play a crucial
role in managing a company’s capital structure. M/s Mittal Ltd.’s scenario involves the
issuance of debentures at a specified interest rate and the subsequent redemption of shares.
These transactions impact the company’s financial position, liquidity, and shareholder equity.
Proper recording of these transactions is essential for accurate financial reporting and
compliance with accounting standards. This analysis will delve into the journal entries
required for the issuance of debentures and the redemption of shares by M/s Mittal Ltd. for
3a. Calculate the Value of the Shares of the following Company using Intrinsic value
method. Assume book value of assets is equal to their realizable value.(5 marks)
Liabilities Rs. Assets Rs.
Share Capital Fixed Assets
40000 shares @ Rs. 10
eRaecsherves & Surplus 14050000 BLaunilding 2300000
Plant & Machinery 180000
Long Term Debt 50000
Short Term Liabilities Investments 120000
Sundry Creditors 80000 Sundry Debtors 45000
Bank Short Term Loan 20000 Cash & Bank 123000
Other Liabilities 10000 Preliminary Exp 12000
710000 710000
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
The intrinsic value method is a fundamental approach used to determine the true worth of a
company’s shares based on the underlying value of its assets and liabilities. In this method,
the book value of assets is assumed to be equal to their realizable value, providing a more
realistic assessment of the company’s financial position. Using this method, we will calculate
b. Following is the extract of the Trial Balance of M/s Dhan Bank as on 31st March
2022. Identify what seems to be incorrect in terms of the rules and regulations
applicable to Banking Companies.
Name the Act pertaining to the Banking Companies and justify with relevant rules and
Sections:
i. Paid Up Share Capital Rs. 2,00,000
ii. Reserves and Surplus Rs. 1,00,000
iii. Preliminary Expenses Rs. 12,000
Additional information available:
The Bank has its branches in Rajkot and Indore, with plans to expand in Chennai.
Profit for the year was Rs. 1,20,000. Dividend declared Rs. 85,000. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Banking companies are governed by specific rules and regulations to ensure the stability,
transparency, and efficiency of the banking system. It’s crucial for banks to comply with these
regulations to maintain public trust and financial integrity. In this case, we will analyze the
Trial Balance of M/s Dhan Bank and identify any discrepancies or non-compliance with the
rules and regulations applicable to banking companies, particularly under the Banking
Corporate Finance
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Gajini Papers Ltd. has a cost of equity capital of 12%.The current market value of
all the shares of the company is Rs.30,00,000(@Rs.30 per share. The earning expected at
the end of the year is 15,00,000.At the end of the year it wants to make a fresh
investment of Rs.25,00,000 and pay a dividend of Re.2 per share. Show how under the
MM assumption the payment of dividend does not affect the value of the company.
(10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The Modigliani-Miller (MM) theorem is a cornerstone in the field of corporate finance,
offering profound insights into the impact of financial strategies on a company’s value. This
theory, developed by Franco Modigliani and Merton Miller in 1958, posits that under certain
conditions, the financial decisions of a company, including its dividend policy, do not affect
its market value. This assumption operates under a world without taxes, transaction costs, and
assumes that information is freely available and financial markets are perfectly efficient.
Applying this theorem to Gajini Papers Ltd., which is contemplating a dividend payout
alongside a fresh investment, provides a compelling framework to examine how these
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Q2. Hypothetical Engineers Ltd. is expected to grow @25% for the next 3 years. The
growth rate is likely to fall to 20% for the next two years. After that, the growth rate is
expected to stabilize at 15%.
The FREE CASH FLOW (FCFE) for the last year was Rs.10. Find out the maximum
price at which an investor would buy the share today if his market capitalization rate is
13% (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic realm of corporate finance, understanding the valuation of a company’s shares
is crucial for investors aiming to make informed decisions. The case of Hypothetical
Engineers Ltd. presents a scenario where the company is anticipated to experience varying
growth rates over different periods: an initial high growth phase at 25% for three years,
followed by a moderated growth rate of 20% for two years, and eventually settling into a
stable growth rate of 15%. This analysis revolves around determining the maximum price an
investor should be willing to pay for the company’s share today, considering a market
capitalization rate of 13%. The process involves calculating the present value of the expected
Q3a. From the following data provided to you calculate the duration of cash operating
cycle (5 Marks)
Sr. No. Particulars Amount (Rs.)
Raw material
consumed during
1.
the year
90,00,000
2 Average stock of
raw materials
15,00,000
3 Factory c ost of
goods produced
105,00,000
4 Average stock of
work-in-progress
16,00,000
5 Office cost of
goods produced
11,40,0000
6 Average stock of
finished goods
9,00,0000
7 Average trade
debtors
15,00,000
8 Cost of credit
sales
180,00,000
9 Average trade
creditors
15,00,000
10 Expenses for the
year
60,00,000
11 Average creditors
for expenses
5,00,000
12 Number of
working days in a year
(assume)
360
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
The cash operating cycle is a crucial metric in financial management, indicating the time it
takes for a company to convert its investments in inventory and accounts receivable into cash.
It comprises the period from purchasing raw materials to receiving cash from the sale of
finished goods. Calculating this cycle is essential for efficient working capital management,
as it helps in assessing liquidity and optimizing cash flow. In this scenario, we will delve into
Q3(b). X Ltd. is studying the possible acquisition of Y Ltd. The following information is
available
X Ltd. Y Ltd.
Profit after tax (Rs. lakhs) 40 20
Equity shares outstanding 4,00,000 1,50,000
Market price per share (Rs.) 25 15
If the merger takes place by exchange of equity shares based on market price what will
be the EPS of X Ltd. after the merger? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
In assessing the potential acquisition of Y Ltd. by X Ltd., it is essential to evaluate the impact
of the merger on the earnings per share (EPS) of X Ltd. EPS is a crucial financial metric that
indicates the portion of a company’s profit allocated to each outstanding share of common
stock. This analysis will consider the post-merger EPS of X Ltd., assuming the exchange of
Customer Relationship Management
April 2024 Examination
1. In your opinion what are the importance and benefits of e-CRM for a service
industry, which is highly human intensive and requires service employees to be in touch
with the customers. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Electronic Customer Relationship Management (e-CRM) is an integral component of the
modern service industry, especially within sectors characterized by high human interaction
and the critical need for personalized customer service. At its core, e-CRM leverages digital
technologies to enhance the interactions between service providers and their customers,
aiming to improve customer satisfaction, loyalty, and ultimately, profitability. In industries
where service employees play a pivotal role in delivering value to customers, the
implementation of e-CRM can significantly amplify the effectiveness of these human-centric
services. By enabling a more nuanced understanding of customer needs, preferences, and
behaviors, e-CRM tools empower businesses to deliver highly tailored services. This
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2. What advice would you give to a wealth management company on protecting
customer data? Substantiate your answers with strong reasoning. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the digital age, protecting customer data is paramount for wealth management companies,
which manage sensitive financial information. This importance is underscored by the
increasing sophistication of cyber threats and the stringent regulatory requirements designed
to safeguard consumer data. A breach can lead to significant financial loss, erosion of
customer trust, and legal repercussions. Therefore, implementing robust data protection
strategies is not merely a regulatory compliance issue but a crucial aspect of maintaining a
competitive edge and ensuring long-term business viability. This advice aims to guide a
wealth management company on fortifying its data protection measures, emphasizing the
3. You are appointed as a manager in a pharmaceutical company. You have to handle a
large team of 40 sales representatives for the western region. You have noticed that the
company has not used any automation for their sales division. As a part of your first
meeting with the group you wish to introduce sales force automation to this team;
a. Outline the key agenda you would take up to introduce the importance sales force
automation. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
As a newly appointed manager in a pharmaceutical company, overseeing a large team of 40
sales representatives for the western region presents a significant opportunity for enhancing
efficiency and productivity. Recognizing the absence of automation within the sales division,
introducing sales force automation (SFA) emerges as a crucial step towards modernizing our
sales processes. This initial meeting aims to address the pivotal role of SFA, outlining its
b. There is likely to be a resistance from the team to adopt any automation. Highlight
the key benefits you would cover in your meeting to overcome this resistance from the
team by explaining the overall benefits to team and individual members and why they
should adopt this program (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Introducing new technologies, such as sales force automation (SFA), often meets with
resistance from teams accustomed to traditional methods of working. Such reluctance
typically stems from fears of obsolescence, complexity, and change in daily routines.
Overcoming this resistance is crucial for the successful adoption of SFA within our
pharmaceutical sales team. In addressing this challenge, it’s important to highlight the key

Design Thinking
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Describe a situation where you had to redefine or clarify the problem statement
during a design project. How did you go about it? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Design thinking is a user-centered approach that focuses on understanding the user’s needs,
redefining problems, and creating innovative solutions to prototype and test. In my
experience, the essence of design thinking became apparent during a project aimed at
enhancing the online learning experience for university students. Initially, our team was
tasked with developing a more interactive and engaging platform. However, we soon realized
that the problem statement was too broad and lacked a clear focus on the actual needs of the
students. Recognizing this disconnect, we embarked on a journey to redefine the problem
statement. This involved a deep dive into empathetic engagement with the users,
comprehensive research, and iterative feedback loops. By adopting a holistic view and
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Q2. “UAV” is a famous clothing company. The Head manager of the company needs to
have a detailed understanding of their targeted audience in order to create a new
fashion called “bootcut pants”. What will be the research plan you will create for this
purpose? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Understanding the targeted audience is pivotal for any clothing company aiming to launch a
new fashion line. For UAV, a renowned name in the apparel industry, the introduction of
“bootcut pants” represents not just an expansion of their product range but also an endeavor
to meet and potentially shape consumer preferences. Crafting a research plan for this purpose
involves a multi-faceted approach, focusing on the intricate details of the demographic,
psychographic, and behavioral characteristics of the target market. This plan will leverage a
combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods to gather comprehensive
, paving the way for future endeavors in the ever-evolving world of fashion.
Q3. Redefining the Airport Security Experience
An international airport has been facing challenges with its current security
screening process. Passengers often experience long wait times, frustration, and
confusion during security checks. The airport authorities are keen on improving the
overall experience while maintaining high-security standards.
Design Thinking Approach
Empathize: To understand the passengers’ pain points, a design thinking team
conducted interviews, observations, and surveys. They discovered that passengers felt
anxious due to unclear instructions, inconsistent procedures, and a lack of human touch
during the process. Define: The team identified key issues, such as a need for
clearer communication, streamlined processes, and a friendlier atmosphere. They
framed the problem as “How might we enhance the airport security process to make it
more efficient, reassuring, and passenger-friendly?”
Ideate: Through brainstorming sessions, the team generated ideas such as interactive
screens with step-by-step instructions, designated support staff to assist nervous
passengers, and a reward system for efficient and cooperative travelers.
Prototype: A small-scale prototype of the interactive screens and support staff was
implemented in one security checkpoint. The team collected feedback from passengers
to refine the design further.
Test: Based on the feedback, adjustments were made to the prototype. The revised
approach demonstrated a significant improvement in passenger satisfaction and
efficiency.
a. How did the design thinking team ensure they truly understood the passengers’ needs
and concerns during the Empathize stage? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The design thinking approach begins with a crucial phase known as Empathize, which aims
to deeply understand the users’ experiences, needs, and concerns. In the context of redefining
the airport security experience, the design thinking team employed a variety of methods to
ensure they captured the essence of passengers’ frustrations and anxieties. This phase is
foundational, setting the stage for all subsequent steps in the design thinking process by
b. What role did prototyping play in the design thinking process, and how did it
contribute to the success of the project? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Prototyping is a pivotal phase in the design thinking process, serving as the bridge between
ideation and the final solution. It allows teams to transform abstract ideas into tangible
experiences, enabling them to test and refine their concepts based on real user feedback. In
the context of enhancing the airport security experience, prototyping played a critical role in
Digital Marketing
April 2024 Examination
1. Success online is measured in terms of likes, the number of views of a video, the
number of app downloads and building engaging communities. How can these be
converted into paying customers? Support your answer with examples of companies
that have succeeded in their efforts. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Success online can often be measured using metrics like likes, video views and app
downloads as measures of success. Furthermore, online communities that foster engagement
offer valuable evidence of online success as measures as well. These metrics serve as key
measures of brand visibility, user engagement, and virality – essential aspects in building the
digital footprint of any brand. However, most businesses also aim not only to attract a large
following but convert this audience into paying customers as soon as possible. Conversion
involves strategic planning, targeted marketing strategies and creating value propositions that
resonate with audiences. Companies such as Spotify, Dropbox and Adobe have proven
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2. Critically examine the statement that, “digital marketing strategy is an approach that
will support marketing and business objectives through the application of digital
technology platforms”. Does that have a larger purpose? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Digital marketing strategy, at its core, is a comprehensive plan that leverages digital
technology platforms to achieve specific marketing and broader business objectives. This
statement underscores the symbiotic relationship between digital marketing and the overall
strategic goals of a business. In an era where technology pervades every aspect of life, digital
platforms offer unparalleled opportunities for brands to connect with their audience,
understand consumer behavior, and drive engagement in ways traditional marketing channels
cannot. The strategic integration of digital tools—ranging from social media to analytics—
enables businesses to create targeted, data-driven campaigns that align with their mission and
3.a) Influencer marketing has gained huge traction in recent years. Among
Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Snapchat which one is the most preferred
option for influencer marketing and why? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Influencer marketing has emerged as a powerful tool in the digital marketing arsenal,
leveraging the reach and credibility of individuals with significant online followings to drive
brand awareness, engagement, and conversions. The choice of platform for influencer
marketing depends on various factors, including the target audience, content format, and
campaign objectives. Among Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Snapchat, one
b) Flipkart, Amazon, Snapdeal, Myntra, and Nykaa are online/digital brands that
advertise on traditional media like newspaper, television, and billboards. Why do
online/digital brands advertise on traditional media when they can easily resort to
digital marketing? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In an age where digital platforms have revolutionized how brands connect with their
audience, it may seem counterintuitive for online/digital brands like Flipkart, Amazon,
Snapdeal, Myntra, and Nykaa to invest in traditional media advertising. This strategy,
however, underscores a multifaceted approach to marketing that leverages the unique
strengths of both digital and traditional channels. Despite the global shift towards digital,
Entrepreneurship Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. A traditional brick and mortar store is struggling to compete with online retailers.
Propose an innovative business model that could help the store stay relevant and
competitive in digital age. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the digital age, traditional brick-and-mortar stores face an unprecedented challenge from
online retailers, who offer convenience, variety, and often lower prices. However, the tactile
experience and personal touch offered by physical stores are irreplaceable assets that can be
leveraged to stay relevant and competitive. This essay proposes an innovative business model
that integrates digital technology with the unique advantages of physical stores, aiming to
create a seamless omnichannel experience for customers. By embracing digital
transformation, personalization, and community engagement, traditional stores can not only
survive but thrive in the digital landscape. This model focuses on enhancing customer
engagement, leveraging data analytics for personalized offerings, and creating an ecosystem
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Q2. Mr. Ajay runs a project management firm. He has got three different
entrepreneurial projects but his firm can take up only one project. How does Mr. Ajay
identify and evaluate potential entrepreneurial projects? What criteria does he use to
prioritize projects in the early stages of entrepreneurship? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Entrepreneurship involves the discovery, evaluation, and exploitation of opportunities to
introduce new goods and services, processes, and organizational innovations. Mr. Ajay,
leading a project management firm, stands at a crossroads with three different entrepreneurial
projects in hand but with the capacity to pursue only one. The decision-making process for
Mr. Ajay involves a critical analysis and evaluation of these projects to identify the one that
not only aligns with his firm’s strategic objectives but also promises the highest potential for
success and growth. This process encompasses various criteria including market potential,
Q3. In a rapidly evolving technological landscape, the need for diversity and inclusion
has become more apparent than ever. This case study focuses on a program aimed at
fostering women entrepreneurship in the tech industry. The program, named
“TechSheRise,” was initiated by a collaboration between a government agency, tech
companies, and non-profit organizations. The goal of TechSheRise is to address the
gender gap in the tech sector by providing support, mentorship, and resources to
women entrepreneurs.
TechSheRise started by identifying the challenges that women face in the tech
entrepreneurial space. These challenges included a lack of access to funding, limited
networking opportunities, and gender biases. To overcome these obstacles, the program
offers financial assistance, mentorship from successful women in the industry, and
networking events. Additionally, workshops on leadership, technology trends, and
business strategy are organized regularly. Key Participants:
1. Government Agency: Provides funding and policy support for TechSheRise.
2.Tech Companies: Offer mentorship, financial support, and potential collaboration
opportunities.
3. Non-Profit Organizations: Contribute expertise in gender equality, organize
workshops, and support community outreach programs.
4.Women Entrepreneurs: Participants in TechSheRise, driving innovation and growth
in the tech sector.
a) What specific challenges do women entrepreneurs face in the tech sector, and how
does TechSheRise address these challenges? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The tech industry, known for its rapid innovation and growth, has historically presented
significant barriers for women entrepreneurs. These barriers range from systemic biases to
practical hurdles in accessing essential resources. “TechSheRise” emerges as a beacon of
hope and empowerment, aiming to dismantle these barriers through a collaborative effort
involving government agencies, tech companies, and non-profit organizations. By focusing
on the unique challenges faced by women in the tech entrepreneurial landscape, TechSheRise
b) Examine the role of government support in fostering women entrepreneurship. What
policies or actions can further enhance this support? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Government support plays a pivotal role in fostering women entrepreneurship, particularly in
sectors where they are underrepresented, such as technology. By implementing targeted
policies and actions, governments can create an ecosystem that not only encourages but also
sustains and scales women-led enterprises. This support is crucial in addressing systemic
barriers and unlocking the potential of women entrepreneurs, contributing to economic
Environment & Disaster Management
APRIL 2024 Examination
Q1. It has been observed that residents living in your neighborhood housing society
totaling nearly 1,000 households have been dumping their household waste into a
nearby dumping yard which is near to your society resulting in landscape spoilage,
filthy smell & proliferation of rodents. As a society secretary, propose 5 innovative ideas
to resolve this issue. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The escalating problem of waste disposal in our neighborhood, with nearly 1,000 households
contributing to the mounting refuse at the nearby dumping yard, has raised pressing concerns
over environmental degradation, health hazards, and aesthetic decline. This unsightly
accumulation not only mars the landscape but also emits a noxious odor and fosters a
breeding ground for rodents, posing significant health risks to the community. Addressing
this issue requires a multifaceted approach that transcends conventional waste management
practices. Innovative solutions are imperative to mitigate the environmental impact, enhance
community health and well-being, and foster a culture of sustainability. As the society
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Q2. New Delhi recently hosted the prestigious International summit of G-20 where some
of the most influential global leaders attended the summit. The entire city was decked
up during the September event with a lot of emphasis around greenery aspects. Yet,
during the winter months, New Delhi is touted as a very difficult city to live for both
residents & visitors alike owing to Air pollution matters. You are an Environmental
consultant & have been invited by the Central Government officials to help tackle this
issue on a war footing basis. Propose 5 concrete solutions to tackle & mitigate the
negative effects arising out of this issue which is also long-term & sustainable as well.
(10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Air pollution in New Delhi, especially during the winter months, has escalated to a public
health crisis, impacting millions of residents and visitors alike. The city’s struggle with smog,
particulate matter, and other pollutants significantly deteriorates the quality of life, posing
severe health risks and economic implications. As an environmental consultant, addressing
this issue requires a multifaceted approach, leveraging sustainable and long-term strategies to
combat the sources of pollution. The recent attention garnered during the G-20 summit,
where New Delhi showcased its green initiatives, underscores the urgent need for concerted
efforts in environmental governance. This proposal aims to outline sustainable solutions that
Q3. Mumbai’s Municipal body BMC namely the Brihanmumbai Mahanagar
Corporation has appointed you as an expert on Environmental matters.
a. One of Mumbai’s local landfill sites located at Deonar is overflowing with tonnes of
garbage & has turned into a garbage mountain. Propose 3 immediate & innovative
mechanisms to quickly address this issue. This landfill site has been the scene of past
fires owing to respiratory issues for residents living in the neighbourhood & also
has been left largely unattended to. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The overflowing landfill site at Deonar in Mumbai presents a pressing environmental and
public health challenge, exacerbated by past fires and neglect. As an expert on environmental
matters appointed by BMC (Brihanmumbai Mahanagar Corporation), addressing this issue
requires immediate action and innovative solutions to mitigate the risks posed to residents
b. One of Mumbai’s water bodies namely the Banganga tank located at South
Mumbai has been witness to a lot of dead fish owing to dumping of solid waste into this
water body by local slum dwellers & residents. Propose 2 new innovative mechanisms to
solve this issue. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The Banganga tank in South Mumbai, once a serene water body, is now facing significant
environmental degradation due to the dumping of solid waste, leading to the death of fish and
threatening the ecosystem’s health. As an expert on environmental matters, it is imperative to
devise innovative mechanisms to address this issue and restore the ecological balance of the

Essentials of IT
April 2024 Examination
Question 1: 1. Create a line chart to visualize the trend in the number of “Impressions”
over the six months. Label the axes appropriately.
2. Create a scatter plot to show the relationship between the “Impressions” and
“Clicks.” Each point on the scatter plot represents a month. Label the axes
accordingly.
3. Generate a bar chart to compare the “Conversions” for each month. Use the
“Month” as the x-axis and “Conversions” as the y-axis
Introduction
The success of a marketing campaign relies significantly on comprehending and evaluating
its overall performance indicators. As a data analyst for an advertising company, I have been
assigned to examine the results of a six-month promotional campaign for a newly launched
product. The dataset contains essential information, including the monthly Impressions,
Clicks, and Conversion figures. This file allows us to explore the knowledge obtained from
this information by using visual representations such as line charts, scatter plots, and bar
charts.
The marketing effort sought to enhance product awareness and engagement by increasing
click-through rates and ultimately driving conversions. By displaying patterns and
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Question 2: You are a software developer working on a project to build an e-commerce
website for a client. The website will handle a large volume of product listings, customer
data, and sales transactions. Your client is curious about the importance of the role of a
Database Management System (DBMS) in this project and wants to understand the
critical aspects of DML and DDL. Write a response to your client’s inquiry
Introduction
Dear,
I trust that this correspondence reaches you in good health. Your dedication to understanding
the need for a Database Management System (DBMS) in our e-commerce website project is
admirable. Let us examine a crucial function of a vital Database Management System
(DBMS): the ability to handle extensive product listings, consumer statistics, and revenue
transactions.
The DBMS is the core of our purpose, providing a single repository for efficiently organizing
and storing data. The software’s capacity to arrange and classify information into tables is
highly beneficial, as it guarantees logical organization and, unless there are issues, retrieval of
Question 3. A: Using the provided dataset, perform the following calculations and
analysis using Excel functions: (5 marks)
1. Calculate the average monthly Revenue for the months presented in the table
(January-June).
2. Find the maximum monthly profit and identify the month in which it occurred.
3. Determine the minimum monthly expenses and identify the month in which they
occurred.
4. Calculate the total profit for the months presented in the table (January-June).
5. Compute the percentage change in Revenue from May to June.
Introduction
Examining the monetary statistics from January to June provides valuable insights into the
employer’s overall performance. The main discoveries are as follows:
The monthly revenue consistently increased, reaching its highest point at $8,500 in June. This
trend represents a remarkable surge in sales and is a crucial measure for evaluating the firm’s
financial well-being.
Concept and Application
The highest monthly profits of $3,600 were achieved in June, indicating a remarkable
Question 3. B: Q 3. b) You are working as an intern in a finance department, and your
supervisor has asked you to create a sample spreadsheet using Microsoft Excel to
demonstrate various cell formatting styles. Your supervisor wants to see how different
formatting options can be applied to improve the presentation of financial data. Below,
you have been provided with a set of dummy data that you will use to apply different
cell formatting styles.
Introduction
In the ever-changing world of finance, effective data visualization is crucial for promoting
understanding and informed decision-making. As an intern in the finance department, I
produced a pattern spreadsheet using Microsoft Excel to demonstrate the usefulness of
various cell formatting patterns in enhancing the presentation of financial data.
Concept and Application
a. Earnings Margin Calculation:
By including the income margin calculation, the spreadsheet is enhanced with a vital measure
Financial Institution & Markets
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Mr. Arun retired from service as an associate professor. He received a lump sum
amount of Rs 50 lacs as retirement benefits. He intends to invest the amount in the best
possible way. He approaches you as a financial expert to seek advice on Derivatives
Instruments. Discuss with him about the various derivative instrument in details. (10
Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Derivative instruments are financial contracts whose value is derived from the performance of
underlying entities such as assets, indexes, or interest rates. These instruments are pivotal in
the modern financial landscape, offering investors and institutions a variety of mechanisms
for hedging, speculation, and arbitrage. As Mr. Arun considers investing his retirement
benefits, understanding the nuances of these instruments is crucial. Derivatives come in
several forms, including futures, options, swaps, and forwards, each serving different
investment objectives and risk profiles. They enable investors to manage financial risks more
effectively by locking in prices, leveraging positions, and diversifying portfolios. For
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Q2. Mr. Prakash wants to start up his venture. He has no idea about the investment
stages, which forms the building block for the start-up business and hence seeks help
from his financial advisor Mr. Sharma. Discuss and make him aware about the different
stages of venture capital financing to Mr. Prakash (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Venture capital financing is a pivotal engine that drives the growth and innovation of startups,
offering not just capital but valuable guidance and network access to emerging
companies. For entrepreneurs like Mr. Prakash, understanding the different stages of this
financing can be the cornerstone of their business journey. Essentially, venture capital
involves investing in start-ups and small businesses with strong growth potential, in exchange
for equity, or partial ownership of the company. This process is not linear but comprises
various stages, each tailored to the specific needs and maturity of the business. From the
academic but a practical guide that shapes the trajectory of his entrepreneurial venture.
Q3. “Credit rating is an estimate of borrower’s credit worthiness in general and is used
by investors, intermediaries such as investment banks, issuers of debt, and businesses
and corporations”
(a) With the above statement keeping in mind. Explain what is meant by credit rating
and discuss any four-credit agencies in India and the various roles played by them.
(5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Credit rating serves as a pivotal indicator of a borrower’s financial health and capability to
repay debts. It is a comprehensive evaluation of the credit risk associated with a borrower,
which includes individuals, corporations, state governments, or sovereign countries. This
rating, represented through a standardized scale, influences the borrower’s access to capital
markets and the terms under which they can borrow. It is a critical tool for investors, financial
diverse yet unified approach towards understanding and mitigating financial risk, ultimately.
(b) Evaluate PNB Scam (Punjab National Bank) and discuss the various aspect of the
fraud in your own words. (Mention about the fraud allegation, how the fraud came to
light and the various factors responsible for this fraud). (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The Punjab National Bank (PNB) scam, uncovered in 2018, stands as one of the most
significant financial frauds in India, involving an alleged $2 billion. This scandal not only
shook the Indian banking sector but also raised questions about the effectiveness of the
regulatory and oversight mechanisms in place. The fraud centered around the issuance of
unauthorized Letters of Undertaking (LoUs) that facilitated international transactions without
Financial Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Enumerate/Elaborate about perpetuity and annuity with the help of examples. Also,
explain the different formula, which are used for calculating perpetuity and annuity.
(10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the vast expanse of financial management, understanding the concepts of perpetuity and
annuity is paramount for both individuals and organizations aiming to make informed
investment and financing decisions. These financial tools, though simple in their essence,
form the bedrock for complex financial calculations and strategies. Perpetuity refers to an
endless sequence of cash flows that continue infinitely, often used to value assets that
generate consistent returns over time without an end, such as dividends from preferred stocks.
Annuity, on the other hand, is a series of fixed payments made over a specified period. It is a
fundamental concept in retirement planning, loans, and insurance policies, where regular
payments or receipts occur over time. Both concepts utilize distinct formulas to calculate the
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Q2. As per the latest annual report Godrej Ltd, the company has an outstanding debt of
Rs. 25, 00,000 and equity capital valued at Rs. 5, 00,000. During that period, the
company has incurred Rs. 200,000 as interest expense on its debt. The risk-free rate of
return is 5%, the market return is 12% and the company’s beta is 1.5x. Calculate
WACC based on the given information and if the tax rate is 30% (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) is a fundamental financial metric used by
companies to evaluate the cost of securing funding through both debt and equity. This
calculation is crucial for making informed investment decisions, as it helps in determining the
minimum return a company must earn on its existing asset base to satisfy its creditors,
owners, and other capital providers. In the context of Godrej Ltd, a leading conglomerate
with a diverse portfolio, understanding the WACC is particularly significant. The company’s
financial structure, as revealed in its latest annual report, indicates an outstanding debt of Rs.
Q3. Solve the below given cases:
a. At the age of 40 years, Nirmit will receive Rs. 20,000,000. He is currently
30 years old. If the current interest rate is 7%, calculate the present value. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
In financial planning, understanding the concept of present value is crucial for evaluating
future cash flows. Present value calculations allow individuals to assess the current worth of
future sums of money, factoring in the time value of money. In this case, Nirmit, aged 30, is
set to receive Rs. 20,000,000 at the age of 40. Given an interest rate of 7%, we aim to
b. If Rajeev invests Rs. 10, 00,000 in a PPF that yields 18% interest, what is the future
value of the PPF after ten years? (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Investing in financial instruments like Public Provident Fund (PPF) is a popular choice for
individuals looking for secure long-term investments with attractive returns. In this scenario,
Rajeev invests Rs. 10,00,000 in a PPF account with an interest rate of 18%. The future value
of his investment after ten years is essential for Rajeev to assess the growth of his wealth over
time. By understanding the concept of compound interest and the workings of PPF, we can
Financial Statement Analysis
April 2024 Examination
Q1. XYZ reported a net income of $ 5,000,000 over the years. For that year weighted
average number common shares outstanding was 2,000,000. XYZ also had 30,000
convertible preferred shares outstanding on which it paid a dividend of $10 per share.
Each of these are convertible into 2 shares of common stock. Define the concept of EPS,
calculate basic EPS and if the last year EPS is $5.5 per share against current year EPS,
Interpret the findings. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Earnings Per Share (EPS) is a vital metric in financial analysis, offering insights into a
company’s profitability on a per-share basis. It serves as a barometer for investors, indicating
the amount of net income a company earns for each share of its stock, thus reflecting the
company’s financial health and efficiency in generating profits. The calculation of EPS can be
basic or diluted, considering the company’s potential shares from convertible instruments.
XYZ’s financial performance, showcasing a net income of $5,000,000 with 2,000,000
weighted average number of common shares and additional convertible preferred shares, sets
the stage for a nuanced examination of its EPS. By comparing the current year’s EPS with the
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Q2. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are accounting concepts that arise
due to differences between the treatment of certain transactions for financial reporting
purposes and tax reporting purposes. These differences occur because accounting
principles (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles or International Financial
Reporting Standards) and tax regulations follow different rules and standards.
Differentiate between Deferred Tax Assets and Deferred Tax Liabilities with
suitable examples. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities represent significant elements of financial
reporting, bridging the gap between accounting practices and tax regulations. These concepts
emerge from timing and recognition differences in income and expenses as per accounting
principles like Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) or International Financial
Reporting Standards (IFRS) and the respective tax laws. The essence of these deferred tax
elements lies in their capacity to reflect future tax effects of current transactions, providing a
more accurate picture of a company’s financial health. Understanding these elements is
crucial for stakeholders to assess the temporal financial implications and tax obligations or
Q3. These selected condensed data are taken from a recent balance sheet of Sambhav
Realities (Rs in crores)
PARTICULARS AMOUNT
Cash 29.3
Debtors 20.5
Inventory 28.7
Prepaid expenses 24
Outstanding payments 15.5
Trade payables 30.7
Unpaid taxes 25
Loan taken for construction of building for 11
months
50
a. Discuss about current assets and current liabilities, classify the above into current
assets and current liabilities. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the financial analysis of a company, understanding the composition of current assets and
current liabilities is crucial. These elements are essential for assessing a company’s short-term
financial health and liquidity. Current assets are resources expected to be converted into cash
or used up within one year or one operating cycle, whichever is longer. Conversely, current
b. Calculate the working capital and current ratio. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Working capital and the current ratio are fundamental indicators of a company’s financial
health, particularly its liquidity and short-term operational efficiency. Working capital
represents the difference between a company’s current assets and current liabilities, indicating
the funds available for day-to-day operations. The current ratio, calculated as current assets
divided by current liabilities, measures a company’s ability to cover its short-term obligations
Fundamentals of Taxation
April 2024 Examination
Q1. The Income Tax Act 1961 defines and describes various terms. While reading and
making interpretations it’s important that these definitions to be adhered. In general,
Assessee and persons are used interchangeably but the Income Tax Act differentiate
between the two. Discuss, in the light of provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961, how these
differs. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The Income Tax Act of 1961 in India serves as a cornerstone in the realm of taxation, outlining
the legal framework and definitions pivotal for the appropriate levy and collection of income tax.
Central to this framework is the precise interpretation of terms defined within the Act, which is
crucial for ensuring compliance and legal accuracy. Among the myriad terms, the distinction
between ‘Assessee’ and ‘Person’ holds significant importance. While often used interchangeably
in common parlance, the Act provides distinct definitions for each, reflecting the nuanced
approach required in tax law. Understanding this distinction is not merely an academic exercise;
it forms the foundation for determining tax liability and the scope of taxation. This essay delves
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Q2. Ms. Elizabeth Miller is an American citizen. She always dreamt of visiting India. She
came to India on 5 August 2022 and visited four states. She finally left for America on 25
December 2022. What will be her residential status for the subsequent assessment year?
Identify the assessment year and previous year as per the Income Tax Act, Discuss the
relevant provision mentioning the categories of residential status of individuals, application
and conclusion in the given case. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The concept of residential status under tax laws is pivotal in determining a person’s tax liability
in a given country. In the context of Ms. Elizabeth Miller, an American citizen who spent a
significant amount of time in India during the year 2022, the determination of her residential
status is essential to understand her tax obligations under the Indian Income Tax Act. The
assessment of an individual’s residential status involves a careful examination of their physical
presence in the country during the relevant financial year and is governed by specific rules
outlined in the Act. This analysis is crucial as it dictates the scope of taxable income in India. In
Q3. In September 2021, in the context of India, an individual taxpayer has the option to
choose between the old tax regime and the new tax regime introduced by the government.
Eligible taxpayers, including salaried individuals and pensioners, can choose between these
two regimes every financial year based on their preference and tax-saving requirements.
Once a taxpayer selects a specific regime for a particular financial year, it remains
applicable for that year and can be changed in subsequent years.
When deciding between the old and new tax regimes, individuals must carefully evaluate
their financial situation, investment plans, and potential tax-saving opportunities. Those
with substantial deductions under the old regime or specific financial goals to be achieved
through investments may find it more beneficial to stick with the old regime. Conversely,
taxpayers seeking simplicity and lower tax rates may opt for the new tax regime.
An individual can choose the new tax regime against the old tax regime.
a) List down at least 10 such exemptions/ deductions. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The introduction of the new tax regime in India in 2021 brought with it significant changes to the
tax landscape. Under this regime, taxpayers, including salaried individuals and pensioners, are
presented with an option to choose between the old and new tax structures each financial year.
This decision is crucial as it impacts their overall tax liability. The old tax regime offers various
exemptions and deductions, which can significantly reduce taxable income. It’s essential for
b) Discuss any five such exemptions/deductions that the tax payer will have to give up
while choosing the new tax regime. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Choosing the new tax regime under India’s tax laws involves relinquishing several exemptions
and deductions available under the old regime. This decision can have significant implications on
a taxpayer’s overall tax liability. The new regime offers simplified tax calculations with lower tax
rates, but at the cost of giving up certain tax-saving benefits. It is crucial for taxpayers to
understand which exemptions and deductions they will forego and assess whether the trade-off is
Human Resource Management
April 2024 Examination
1. Call centers often experience costly, high turnover. These centers, which handle
everything from computer help desk functions to processing of mortgage applications,
have been described as white-collar factories. Large numbers of employees work in
cubicles, responding to phone calls all day, often from upset customers. Often they have
quotas for the volume and types of calls they handle each day. It is more important to
design these jobs to increase efficiency or motivation? As a manager, prepare a job
description with necessary changes in the present condition. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The challenge of high turnover in call centers is a critical issue that plagues the industry,
resulting in significant operational costs and disruptions. These centers, often likened to
white-collar factories, place employees in cubicles to handle a wide array of customer
interactions, from technical support to financial services. The nature of this work—dealing
with high call volumes, sometimes from disgruntled customers, under strict performance
quotas—can lead to employee dissatisfaction and burnout. This context raises a pivotal
question for managers: should the focus be on enhancing job efficiency or on boosting
employee motivation? This dilemma underscores the need for a strategic approach in job
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2. Marketing Manager of Cipla Pharmaceutical company identifies the performance
deficiency in his medical representatives. Which training programme will you suggest
for the medical representatives? Why? Explain meticulously. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The pharmaceutical industry is a highly competitive and dynamic field where the
performance of medical representatives (MRs) plays a pivotal role in the success of
companies like Cipla Pharmaceutical. These representatives are the primary touchpoint
between the company and the healthcare professionals, making their effectiveness crucial for
promoting products, conveying value propositions, and ultimately driving sales. However,
identifying a performance deficiency in MRs signals a critical need for intervention through
tailored training programs. The selection of an appropriate training program is not just about
addressing current gaps but also about empowering MRs for future challenges. This process
3. Raw Mango is a reputed multinational company. It considers selection as an event in
the total process of acquiring and developing managers. The company believes that the
selection process must be consistent with other events in the total process for it to be
effective. It has been one of the most favoured companies by the prospective candidates
for managerial position. The selection process of the company can be broken into three
steps: such as- Screening of application forms, preliminary interview, and final
selection.
Screening of Applications Forms:
In the first step, the company usually receives a large number of applications for the
positions advertised or through campus interview. Thereafter such applications are
screened. The company believes that to select a candidate it will not be enough to see the
application forms only, which may not be very reliable measure to select or reject the
candidate. This calls for a brief preliminary interview to be held by company to get the
best talents.
Preliminary interview:
Preliminary interview is conducted for about ten to twenty minutes usually by one
manager. During this brief personal contract, some time is spent in discussing the
nature of the job, the future career possibility of the applicant and the company’s policy
in this regard.
Final Selection:
Final selection process is quite elaborate. This stage consists of two aspects-groups
discussion and final interview. The board evaluates the candidates along the following
factors: Style of self-introduction by the candidate, his general knowledge and
knowledge of his subject, clarity of thought and logic, lucidity of expression, tolerance of
others views, persuasiveness and leadership qualities.
After the group discussion, personal interview is conducted by the board. On the
completion of the individual interviews, the board members held discussion among
them and then arrive at a consensus.
a. Explain in detail the other steps involved in the process of selection along with the
ones mentioned above. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The selection process is a critical aspect of human resource management, especially for a
multinational company like Raw Mango, known for its rigorous approach to identifying and
nurturing managerial talent. This process is not just about filling vacancies but about finding
individuals who align with the company’s vision, culture, and long-term objectives. Raw
Mango’s selection procedure, comprising screening of application forms, preliminary
b. Discuss the barriers, which Raw Mango might face in the Selection. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the intricate process of talent acquisition, even a multinational company like Raw Mango,
renowned for its methodical selection process, may encounter various barriers. These
obstacles can hinder the company’s ability to identify and secure the most suitable candidates
for managerial roles, affecting the efficiency and effectiveness of the selection process.
Understanding these barriers is crucial for Raw Mango to devise strategies to mitigate them,
International Marketing
April 2024 Examination
Q1. In 2008 Tata Motors paid the Ford Motor Company $2.3 billion for UK based
automakers Land Rover and Jaguar. Ford had acquired Jaguar in 1989, as it lacked a
high end luxury model. Tata Motors was also reeling under the global recession crisis of
2008 and was facing a slump in demand for cars in India. In fact in its first year of
ownership it lost $500 million on Jaguar Land Rover. Then, as global economy
rebounded so did sales of luxury cars. After almost 15 years of acquisition do you think
JLR has prospered under the ownership of TATA motors? Are they facing challenges of
new market entry? What are the other challenges faced by TATA motors? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The acquisition of Jaguar Land Rover (JLR) by Tata Motors in 2008 marked a significant
milestone in the global automotive industry, particularly in the context of international
marketing and corporate strategy. This move, executed amidst the challenging backdrop of
the 2008 global financial crisis, represented not only a bold expansion for an Indian
multinational into the luxury car segment but also a significant shift in the dynamics of the
automotive industry. Tata Motors, a dominant player in the Indian market known for its
robust, economical models, ventured into uncharted territory with the acquisition of two
iconic luxury brands. This strategic decision was fraught with risks and opportunities,
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Q2. Starbucks takes coffee culture around the world! (10 Marks)
There were 35,711 thousand Starbucks stores worldwide in 2022. This figure also
included other segments owned by the coffee-chain such as Siren Retail. Starbucks units
have grown almost every year over the past decade. The only drop was in 2009, most
likely due to the global financial crisis. Global expansion has ultimately allowed the
coffee-chain to almost double its number of locations over the past 10 years.
When looking at Starbucks stores by country the most Starbucks stores were located in
the U.S., the company’s home nation. In 2022, there were more than 15 thousand
Starbucks locations in the U.S. alone. While the U.S. has the most stores, in recent years
the company’s international presence has shown tremendous growth. As a result, in
2018, for the first time, there were more international Starbucks stores than in the U.S.
– a gap which has widened considerably.
What is the market expansion strategy of Starbucks? It was only in 2018 Starbucks
entered Italy. What were the challenges faced by Starbucks to enter Italy? After 5 years
in operations, do you think it was a right decision to enter Italian shores?
Ans 2.
Introduction
Starbucks, a global coffee giant, exemplifies a remarkable journey in international market
expansion, becoming a ubiquitous presence in the global coffee industry. With a footprint of
over 35,000 stores worldwide by 2022, Starbucks has demonstrated an impressive growth
trajectory, particularly in the last decade. This expansion is noteworthy given the only dip in
growth occurred during the 2009 financial crisis. The company’s strategic foray into various
international markets, including its entry into Italy in 2018, a nation with a deeply entrenched
coffee culture, reflects Starbucks’ nuanced approach to globalization. The decision to enter
Q3. Ikea is a global home furnishing brand. They have a vision to make life better for
their customers. As on Aug 2023, Ikea had 460 stores in 62 markets. The first Ikea store
was opened in 1958 in Sweden and the latest one is opened in Surabaya, Indonesia. It
started its
India operations by opening its first store in Hyderabad.
a) How important is to understand the culture of the country? Is it an essential step in
market research? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
Understanding the culture of a country is pivotal for any global brand like IKEA, especially
when it is expanding its reach into diverse markets. Culture encapsulates the shared values,
beliefs, behaviors, and artifacts making up a society’s way of life. It directly influences
consumer behavior, preferences, and expectations. For a home furnishing brand, where
products are intimately connected to customers’ lifestyles, comprehending the cultural
b. Do you think even the marketing campaigns of IKEA are impacted by the culture
difference. Elaborate with an example. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Marketing campaigns are the touchpoints through which a brand communicates its value
proposition to its target audience. For a global entity like IKEA, these campaigns must be
carefully tailored to align with the cultural fabric of each market. The effectiveness of
marketing strategies hinges on the brand’s ability to resonate with local cultural norms,
values, and consumer behavior. Cultural differences impact not only the messaging but also
International Marketing
April 2024 Examination
Q1. In 2008 Tata Motors paid the Ford Motor Company $2.3 billion for UK based
automakers Land Rover and Jaguar. Ford had acquired Jaguar in 1989, as it lacked a
high end luxury model. Tata Motors was also reeling under the global recession crisis of
2008 and was facing a slump in demand for cars in India. In fact in its first year of
ownership it lost $500 million on Jaguar Land Rover. Then, as global economy
rebounded so did sales of luxury cars. After almost 15 years of acquisition do you think
JLR has prospered under the ownership of TATA motors? Are they facing challenges of
new market entry? What are the other challenges faced by TATA motors? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The acquisition of Jaguar Land Rover (JLR) by Tata Motors in 2008 marked a significant
milestone in the global automotive industry, particularly in the context of international
marketing and corporate strategy. This move, executed amidst the challenging backdrop of
the 2008 global financial crisis, represented not only a bold expansion for an Indian
multinational into the luxury car segment but also a significant shift in the dynamics of the
automotive industry. Tata Motors, a dominant player in the Indian market known for its
robust, economical models, ventured into uncharted territory with the acquisition of two
iconic luxury brands. This strategic decision was fraught with risks and opportunities,
especially considering the economic turmoil of the time and Tata Motors’ relative
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Q2. Starbucks takes coffee culture around the world! (10 Marks)
There were 35,711 thousand Starbucks stores worldwide in 2022. This figure also
included other segments owned by the coffee-chain such as Siren Retail. Starbucks units
have grown almost every year over the past decade. The only drop was in 2009, most
likely due to the global financial crisis. Global expansion has ultimately allowed the
coffee-chain to almost double its number of locations over the past 10 years.
When looking at Starbucks stores by country the most Starbucks stores were located in
the U.S., the company’s home nation. In 2022, there were more than 15 thousand
Starbucks locations in the U.S. alone. While the U.S. has the most stores, in recent years
the company’s international presence has shown tremendous growth. As a result, in
2018, for the first time, there were more international Starbucks stores than in the U.S.
– a gap which has widened considerably.
What is the market expansion strategy of Starbucks? It was only in 2018 Starbucks
entered Italy. What were the challenges faced by Starbucks to enter Italy? After 5 years
in operations, do you think it was a right decision to enter Italian shores?
Ans 2.
Introduction
Starbucks, a global coffee giant, exemplifies a remarkable journey in international market
expansion, becoming a ubiquitous presence in the global coffee industry. With a footprint of
over 35,000 stores worldwide by 2022, Starbucks has demonstrated an impressive growth
trajectory, particularly in the last decade. This expansion is noteworthy given the only dip in
growth occurred during the 2009 financial crisis. The company’s strategic foray into various
international markets, including its entry into Italy in 2018, a nation with a deeply entrenched
coffee culture, reflects Starbucks’ nuanced approach to globalization. The decision to enter
the Italian market was a bold move, considering the unique challenges and the symbolic
Q3. Ikea is a global home furnishing brand. They have a vision to make life better for
their customers. As on Aug 2023, Ikea had 460 stores in 62 markets. The first Ikea store
was opened in 1958 in Sweden and the latest one is opened in Surabaya, Indonesia. It
started its
India operations by opening its first store in Hyderabad.
a) How important is to understand the culture of the country? Is it an essential step in
market research? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
Understanding the culture of a country is pivotal for any global brand like IKEA, especially
when it is expanding its reach into diverse markets. Culture encapsulates the shared values,
beliefs, behaviors, and artifacts making up a society’s way of life. It directly influences
consumer behavior, preferences, and expectations. For a home furnishing brand, where
products are intimately connected to customers’ lifestyles, comprehending the cultural
b. Do you think even the marketing campaigns of IKEA are impacted by the culture
difference. Elaborate with an example. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Marketing campaigns are the touchpoints through which a brand communicates its value
proposition to its target audience. For a global entity like IKEA, these campaigns must be
carefully tailored to align with the cultural fabric of each market. The effectiveness of
marketing strategies hinges on the brand’s ability to resonate with local cultural norms,

Introduction to Analytics
April 2024 Examination
1. In the context of the rapid growth of Big Data, explain how banks can leverage Big
Data analytics to enhance customer experience and achieve operational efficiency.
Provide an illustrative example demonstrating the efficacy of utilizing Big Data
analytics in the banking sector. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In an era dominated by the digital revolution, the banking sector stands at the forefront of a
transformative shift, driven largely by the rapid growth of Big Data. This proliferation of
data, characterized by its immense volume, velocity, and variety, offers unprecedented
opportunities for banks to redefine their customer relationships and streamline operations. By
harnessing the power of Big Data analytics, banks can gain deep insights into customer
behavior, preferences, and needs, enabling them to deliver personalized services that
significantly enhance the customer experience. Furthermore, Big Data analytics empowers
banks to optimize their operational processes, identify inefficiencies, and reduce costs,
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2. The landscape of manufacturing, from procurement of raw materials to
production, packaging, and delivery, has been revolutionized by digital-driven
processes. FMCG companies have embraced analytics across all operations,
transforming how they understand customers and manage supply chains. Elaborate on
how (Fast-Moving Consumer Goods) FMCG companies can leverage descriptive,
predictive, prescriptive, and diagnostic analytics to gain deeper customer insights and
enhance supply chain management. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the rapidly evolving landscape of Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) companies, the
integration of analytics has marked a paradigm shift in operational efficiency and customer
engagement. These organizations, which span a broad spectrum of products consumed daily,
have traditionally relied on historical sales data and market research to inform their strategies.
However, the advent of digital-driven processes has significantly expanded their capabilities.
By harnessing descriptive, predictive, prescriptive, and diagnostic analytics, FMCG
companies are now equipped to delve deeper into consumer behavior, optimize supply chain
operations, and foresee market trends with unprecedented precision. This integration of
analytics not only refines their understanding of customer needs but also enhances their
3. The healthcare industry is transforming significantly by integrating data analytics
and digital technologies. The increasing demand for analytics in healthcare has been
fueled by the need to improve patient outcomes, optimize operations, and enhance
overall healthcare delivery. However, despite the potential benefits, challenges arise due
to the complex nature of healthcare data, ethical considerations, and the potential biases
inherent in analytics algorithms.
a. What are the potential challenges in using data analytics in healthcare? Support your
viewpoint with an example. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The integration of data analytics into the healthcare industry marks a significant leap forward
in enhancing patient care, optimizing operational efficiency, and improving healthcare
delivery. This transformative shift is driven by the vast amounts of data generated within
healthcare systems, from patient records and treatment outcomes to operational logistics.
Despite the promising advantages, the application of data analytics in healthcare is not
b. Describe any six tools used to visualize healthcare data. What are the benefits of using
visualization tools? (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the realm of healthcare, data visualization tools play a crucial role in transforming complex
datasets into actionable insights. These tools are designed to help healthcare professionals,
administrators, and researchers interpret vast amounts of data efficiently, facilitating informed
decision-making and enhancing patient care. By presenting data in a visually engaging and
accessible format, these tools make it possible to identify trends, patterns, and outliers that

Macro Economics
April 2024 Examination
Q1. “Great Depression is one of the most significant historical event and has
significantly influenced several political, Economic and Social issues that have affected
our country”. In view to the above statement, elaborate about the Great Depression and
its impact on the global economy. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
The Great Depression, spanning from 1929 to the late 1930s, stands as a watershed moment
in economic history, significantly shaping the trajectory of nations worldwide. Originating in
the United States with the stock market crash of October 1929, its repercussions rippled
across the globe, ushering in a period of profound economic downturn. This catastrophic
event left an indelible mark on various facets of society, including politics, economics, and
social dynamics. By delving into the causes and consequences of the Great Depression, we
can glean valuable insights into understanding the vulnerabilities of economies and the
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Q2. “National income estimates are the most comprehensive measures of aggregate
economic activity in an economy. It is through such estimates that we know the
aggregate yield of the economy and can lay down future economic policy for
development”
With regard to the above statement, explain the various challenges and limitations in
measuring national income. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
National income estimates serve as crucial indicators of the overall economic performance of
a country, providing insights into its aggregate economic activity. They play a pivotal role in
guiding policymakers in formulating strategies for economic development. However, despite
their significance, measuring national income is not without challenges and limitations. This
essay aims to explore these challenges and limitations in detail, shedding light on the
complexities involved in accurately gauging the economic output of a nation.
Concept and discussion
Measuring national income is a fundamental aspect of macroeconomics, providing a snapshot
of a country’s economic performance over a specific period. However, the task is intricate due
Q3 a. You are given the following data. Calculate GNP and GDP at factor cost. (5
Marks)
GNPMP
600
Indirect Taxes 50
Subsidies 30
NFIA 100
Depreciation 50
Transfer payments 15
Retained Earnings of Companies 25
Personal Taxes 15
Personal Savings 80
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
Gross National Product at Market Prices (GNPMP) serves as a crucial indicator of a country’s
economic performance, representing the total value of goods and services produced by its
residents, regardless of where they are located. Calculating GNP and GDP at factor cost
involves adjusting GNPMP for indirect taxes, subsidies, net factor income from abroad
(NFIA), depreciation, transfer payments, retained earnings of companies, personal taxes, and
Q3b. There are different methods to calculate National Income. Elaborate any one
method for measuring national income. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Measuring national income is crucial for assessing the economic performance of a country.
Various methods exist for calculating national income, each offering unique insights into the
economy’s output and income distribution. One prominent method is the expenditure
approach, which evaluates national income by summing up the total expenditures made
within an economy over a specific period. This essay will elaborate on the expenditure
Operations and Supply Chain Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Download the last 10 years’ sales data of and two FMCG company. Using any
forecasting technique, project the sales value of 2023 of these two companies2023.
Comment on the results. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The realm of Operations and Supply Chain Management is pivotal in understanding and
predicting the future trajectory of Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) companies. In this
context, forecasting sales figures plays a crucial role in strategic planning and decisionmaking.
The task at hand involves analyzing the sales data of two FMCG companies over the
last decade to project their sales for the year 2023. This exercise is not just about crunching
numbers; it’s a nuanced interpretation of market trends, consumer behaviors, and the
companies’ operational efficiencies. The methodology chosen for forecasting, whether it be
time series analysis, regression models, or advanced machine learning techniques, deeply
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Q2. Compare the competence of various existing Transportation Modes used in
Mumbai for passenger transport. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Mumbai, a bustling metropolis, is renowned for its diverse and dynamic transportation
system, crucial for the daily commute of millions. This essay delves into the various modes of
transportation available in Mumbai for passenger transport, each with unique competencies
and challenges. The city’s transportation landscape is a complex tapestry, featuring traditional
modes like local trains and buses, alongside newer additions such as metro rail and monorail.
Additionally, waterways and auto-rickshaws play a significant role in the city’s mobility. This
comparison is not just about assessing efficiency or speed; it encompasses broader aspects
Q3. (a) Detail the outsourcing functions carried out by Colgate. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Colgate-Palmolive, a global leader in oral care and personal products, employs strategic
outsourcing to enhance its operational efficiency and market competitiveness. Outsourcing,
the practice of delegating certain business functions to external specialists, is a crucial aspect
of Colgate’s business model. This essay explores the various outsourcing functions utilized by
Colgate, examining how these practices contribute to the company’s efficiency, innovation,
Q3. (b) In order to be a Supply Chain Leader what steps are taken by Amul Company
in order to improve the structure of their supply chain? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Amul, India’s leading dairy cooperative, is renowned for its robust and efficient supply chain
management. As a supply chain leader, Amul has continuously evolved its strategies to
enhance its supply chain structure. This essay will explore the steps taken by Amul to
maintain and improve its position as a supply chain leader. These steps are focused on
optimizing procurement, production, distribution, and innovation, ensuring that Amul
Operations Research
April 2024 Examination
Q1. A retail company operates several distribution centers (D1, D2, D3, and D4) and
serves multiple retail stores (S1, S2, and S3). The shipping costs (in Rs.) per unit from
each distribution center to each retail store are presented in the following table
D1 D2 D3 D4 Supply
S1 19 30 50 10 7
S2 70 30 40 60 9
S3 40 8 70 20 18
Demand 5 8 7 14
Find the initial basic feasible solution using Vogel’s Approximation Method (VAM) for
the given transportation problem. Post that, implement the stepping-stone method to
find the optimal solution for the transportation problem. Calculate the total shipping
cost for the optimal solution. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
To find the initial basic feasible solution using Vogel’s Approximation Method (VAM), we
start by calculating the penalty for each row and column. The penalty for each row is the
difference between the two lowest costs in that row, and the penalty for each column is the
difference between the two lowest costs in that column. We will use these penalties to
determine which cells to allocate first.
Step 1: Calculate Row and Column Penalties
Row Penalties: For S1: Penalty = 30 – 19 = 11
For S2: Penalty = 70 – 30 = 40 For S3: Penalty = 70 – 20 = 50
Column Penalties: For
D1: Penalty = 19 – 10 = 9
For D2: Penalty = 8 – 30 = -22 For
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Q2. A manufacturing company has several plants (P1, P2, and P3) and several
warehouses
(WH1, WH2, WH3, and WH4) for distribution. The shipping costs (in Rs.) per unit
from each plant to each warehouse are presented in the following table:
Source WH1 WH2 WH3 WH4 Supply
P1 19 30 50 12 7
P2 70 30 40 60 10
P3 40 10 60 20 18
Requirement 5 8 7 15
Find an initial feasible solution using the Northwest Corner Method and Least
Cost Method, and also determine the optimal solution using Modified Distribution
(MODI) method. (10 marks)
(Note- For each method, show the step-by-step calculations, allocations, and the total
transportation cost for the final optimal solution)
Ans 2.
To solve this transportation problem, we will use three methods as you requested: the
Northwest Corner Method, the Least Cost Method, and the Modified Distribution (MODI)
Method. We’ll calculate the total transportation cost for each method. Let’s begin:
1. Northwest Corner Method
The Northwest Corner Method is a way to find an initial feasible solution for a transportation
problem. We start from the top-left (northwest) corner of the cost matrix and allocate as much
Q3. A small project consisting of eight activities has the following characteristics: Time-
Estimates (in weeks)
Activity Preceding
activity
Most optimistic
time (a)
Most likely
time (m)
Most pessimistic
A None 2 4 t1i2me (b)
B None 10 12 26
C A 8 9 10
D A 10 15 20
E A 7 7.5 11
F B,C 9 9 9
G D 3 3.5 7
H E,F,G 5 5 5
PART a) Prepare the activity schedule for the project and determine the critical path.
(5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In project management, creating an activity schedule and determining the critical path are
essential steps in planning and executing a project efficiently. The given project, consisting of
eight activities with varying time estimates, requires careful analysis to establish the sequence
and duration of each activity. By applying the Critical Path Method (CPM), we can identify
PART b) Suppose a 30-week deadline is imposed, what is the probability that the
project will be finished within the time limit? Also, if the project manager wants to be
99% sure that the project is completed on the scheduled date, how many weeks before
that date should he start the project work? (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
To determine the probability that the project will be finished within the time limit, we can use
the completion probability of the critical path activities. The completion probability of an
activity is the probability that the activity will be completed on time, given its estimated
duration and the time limit.
The completion probability of an activity is calculated as follows:
Completion Probability = 1 – (1 / Durations in weeks)
Organisational Behaviour
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Jack is a professional who is trying to decide between two job offers. One offer
provides a significantly higher salary, while the other offers a more flexible work
schedule and the opportunity to work on projects he is truly passionate about. His Id is
urging him to choose the higher-paying offer because it means more financial security
and the ability to afford his desired lifestyle. His Superego, on the other hand, is
advising him to take the job that aligns with his passions and values, even if it means a
slightly lower salary. His Ego is grappling with finding a balance between these two
conflicting perspectives.
How might Jack’s Id, Ego, and Superego impact his decision-making process in
this situation? What kind of internal struggle could he face while trying to make a
choice? How might he ultimately come to a resolution? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the realm of organizational behavior, decision-making is a complex process influenced by
various psychological components. Jack’s situation, where he is torn between two job offers,
serves as a quintessential example of this complexity. This scenario highlights the interplay of
Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, specifically the roles of the Id, Ego, and Superego.
The Id seeks immediate gratification and is drawn to the higher salary for the financial
security and lifestyle it promises. Conversely, the Superego seeks moralistic and idealistic
goals, urging Jack towards a job that aligns with his passions and values. The Ego, caught in
the middle, attempts to mediate between these conflicting desires, seeking a realistic and
pragmatic solution. This intricate dance of psychological forces not only underscores the
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Q2. Alice is a student who is currently focusing on her studies and trying to perform
well in her exams. She also takes time to hang out with her friends and participate in a
hobby she loves. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which level of need is Alice
primarily addressing by focusing on her studies, social interactions, and hobbies? Also,
discuss the other levels as well. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is a psychological theory proposed by Abraham Maslow in his
1943 paper “A Theory of Human Motivation.” This framework categorizes human needs into
a five-level pyramid structure, suggesting that basic needs must be met before individuals can
pursue higher-level motivations. At the base are physiological needs, followed by safety,
belongingness and love, esteem, and self-actualization at the top. Alice, a student, exemplifies
the application of this theory. She is balancing her academic pursuits, social life, and hobbies,
which indicates an interaction between different levels of Maslow’s hierarchy. Her focus on
studies primarily addresses esteem needs, as academic success contributes to self-esteem and
Q3a. Mark is at a team meeting where his colleagues are discussing a new project. He
notices that whenever his manager, Sarah, provides feedback or suggestions, Mark
tends to feel defensive and responds with counterarguments. He also realizes that he
often perceives Sarah’s comments as criticism rather than constructive input. However,
when his colleagues offer similar suggestions, he is more open to considering their ideas.
Based on this scenario, how might you explain Mark’s reactions and responses using the
concept of “Parent,” “Adult,” and “Child” ego states in transactional analysis? (5
Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Transactional Analysis (TA) is a psychological theory developed by Eric Berne in the 1950s.
It explores social interactions and communication patterns through the concept of three
distinct ego states: Parent, Adult, and Child. These states represent different types of thinking,
feeling, and behavior. In the scenario with Mark and his manager, Sarah, TA provides a
useful framework to analyze Mark’s defensive reactions and different responses to feedback.
Q3b. Linda works as a team leader in a tech company and is known for her willingness
to help her team members and provide support whenever they need it. She encourages
open communication and often seeks input from her team before making decisions.
Linda believes that by fostering a collaborative and inclusive environment, the team’s
overall performance can improve. She also values innovation and encourages her team
to share their ideas freely. Based on the scenario, how does Linda’s leadership approach
align with Adam Grant’s theory of “Givers,” “Takers,” and “Matchers” in the context
of workplace dynamics? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Adam Grant’s theory of “Givers,” “Takers,” and “Matchers” in the workplace categorizes
individuals based on their interaction style and how they contribute to their work
environment. “Givers” are individuals who provide support to others without expecting
anything in return, “Takers” prioritize their own needs, and “Matchers” balance giving and
taking. Linda, a team leader in a tech company, exemplifies certain characteristics in her
Performance Management System
April 2024 Examination
Q1. You have been appointed as the Human Resources Director of a fast-growing
technology company that values employee development and performance enhancement.
The company believes that modern methods of performance appraisal are essential for
fostering a culture of continuous improvement. Select any four of the modern
performance appraisal methods and develop a comprehensive plan mentioning the
advantages of each of the four methods for their implementation. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In today’s rapidly evolving technology sector, staying at the forefront of employee
development and performance enhancement is not just an option; it’s a necessity. As the
newly appointed Human Resources Director of a dynamic technology company, the mandate
to foster a culture of continuous improvement is clear. Embracing modern performance
appraisal methods is pivotal in achieving this goal. These methods are designed to not only
evaluate employee performance but also to empower individuals, promote a growth mindset,
and enhance organizational productivity. By selecting four cutting-edge performance
appraisal methods, we can tailor a strategy that aligns with our company’s values and
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Q2. Imagine you are the Team Lead of a diverse group of software developers within a
tech startup. The company is entering a critical phase, and effective performance
planning is crucial to achieve project goals. Provide a step-by-step outline of how you
would apply the performance planning process within your team. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In today’s rapidly evolving technological landscape, the importance of a robust performance
management system cannot be overstated, especially within the context of a tech startup
navigating through a critical phase of its growth. As the Team Lead of a diverse group of
software developers, the onus falls squarely on my shoulders to spearhead performance
planning efforts that are not only comprehensive but also tailored to meet the unique needs of
our team and the overarching objectives of the company. This involves a meticulous approach
to setting clear, achievable goals, fostering a culture of continuous feedback and
improvement, and leveraging a variety of tools and methodologies designed to track and
enhance team performance. The key to success lies in the ability to blend strategic vision with
Q3. a) Imagine you are the Department Manager of a fast-paced customer service team
in a retail company. The team has been experiencing challenges with underperforming
employees, which are impacting overall customer satisfaction. Outline a step-by-step
plan for effectively managing underperforming employees within your team. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Managing underperforming employees within a fast-paced customer service team is a critical
task for any Department Manager in a retail company. The challenges posed by
underperformance can significantly impact the quality of customer service, affecting overall
customer satisfaction and potentially the company’s bottom line. Addressing
underperformance requires a careful, structured approach that not only identifies and
Q3. b) You are the HR Director of a rapidly growing technology company that is
considering implementing a web-enabled performance management system. The
company aims to leverage technology to enhance its performance management process.
Outline the practical application detailing the benefits of adopting a web-enabled
performance management system within your organization. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the dynamic environment of a rapidly growing technology company, optimizing
performance management processes is key to sustaining growth and enhancing productivity.
The adoption of a web-enabled performance management system represents a forwardthinking
approach to addressing the complexities of performance evaluation and management
in such a setting. This digital transformation aims to streamline operations, promote
transparency, and foster a culture of continuous improvement. The move towards a webPrinciples
of Marketing
April 2024 Examination
1. You have been appointed the director of marketing for Shiva automobiles your
company wants to launch a new range of EV two wheelers in the state of Maharashtra.
How will you go about launching the product? List out all the steps to launch the
product in the context of the marketing Mix. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The advent of electric vehicles (EVs) marks a revolutionary shift in the automotive industry,
aligning with global sustainability goals and the changing preferences of consumers. As the
newly appointed Director of Marketing for Shiva Automobiles, the task of launching a new
range of EV two-wheelers in Maharashtra presents a unique set of challenges and
opportunities. To navigate this landscape effectively, a strategic approach grounded in the
principles of the marketing mix is essential. This involves a holistic consideration of product
innovation, price positioning, place of distribution, and promotional strategies, tailored to
meet the expectations of our target market. By leveraging these components, we aim not only
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2. You are marketing head of a short messaging social media platform, your company
has been taken over recently by a leading global billionaire, your company has lost out a
lot of consumers because of this and your competition is very active with similar
launches as your product. How will you stop this fall in usage? Create a marketing plan,
which shall engage customers and motivate them to start using your service again. (10
Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the fast-evolving landscape of social media, the takeover of our short messaging platform
by a global billionaire has sparked a notable decline in user engagement, driven by consumer
skepticism and the aggressive strategies of our competitors. This situation calls for a robust
and innovative marketing plan that not only addresses the immediate concerns but also
repositions our platform as a leading choice for communication in the digital age. Our
approach will focus on rebuilding trust, enhancing user experience, and leveraging unique
features that set us apart from the competition. By engaging directly with our community and
introducing tailored initiatives, we aim to reignite interest and foster a renewed sense of
3. You are the marketing director for Ramson mobile phones, Your Company wants to
launch a new range of phones for the Indian market but the category is cluttered with
many similar products
a. Create a research plan to understand the customers’ needs and preferences. (5
Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Launching a new range of mobile phones in the cluttered Indian market presents a significant
challenge due to the presence of numerous competitors offering similar products. To
differentiate our offering and meet the specific needs of Indian consumers, a meticulous
research plan is essential. This plan will focus on gathering in-depth insights into customer
b.What are the key attributes that you can create for the product that shall give your
product competitive advantage? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the highly competitive Indian mobile phone market, establishing a distinct competitive
advantage is crucial for Ramson mobile phones to stand out. The key to this differentiation
lies in identifying and incorporating unique product attributes that closely align with the
needs and preferences of Indian consumers. By focusing on innovation, customization, and
Production & Total Quality Management
April 2024 Examination
1. Production Facilities means any building or equipment used for the purpose of
producing, treating, or separating produced fluids and gas, including but not limited to
pumps, pumping units, compressors, generators, gas flares, treaters, separators, storage
tanks, and pits that ensures proper working of the production systems? Considering the
Fact, identifying the different types of Production systems available? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Production facilities are pivotal in the manufacturing and processing industries, serving as the
backbone for the efficient conversion of raw materials into finished goods. These facilities
encompass a broad spectrum of equipment and infrastructure, including pumps, compressors,
generators, and storage units, all aimed at optimizing the production process. The essence of
these facilities lies in their ability to ensure the smooth operation of production systems,
which vary significantly across industries. Understanding the diversity of production systems
is crucial, as each system is tailored to meet specific industry demands, efficiency
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2. Plant location refers to the choice of region and the selection of a particular site for
setting up a business or factory. But the choice is made only after considering cost and
benefits of different alternative sites. It is a strategic decision that cannot be changed
once taken, Considering the fact, describe the factors one should take into consideration
for plant location? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The decision regarding the location of a new plant is one of the most significant decisions
faced by management. This decision influences the overall efficiency, operational cost, and
accessibility of the business to both raw materials and its target market. Choosing an optimal
location is not merely about finding a piece of land; it involves a meticulous evaluation of
various geographical, economical, and social factors that could impact the business in the
long term. Given its irreversible nature and substantial investment, the process requires a
strategic approach, ensuring that the chosen site aligns with the business’s objectives, supply
3. Quality management is the act of overseeing all activities and tasks that must be
accomplished to maintain a desired level of excellence. This includes the determination
of a quality policy, creating and implementing quality planning and assurance, and
quality control and quality improvement.
a. Inventory refers to all the items, goods, merchandise, and materials held by a business
for selling in the market to earn a profit. considering the fact, bring about the different
inventory control techniques adapted by manager for managing the inventory. (5
Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Inventory control is a crucial aspect of quality management, serving as the backbone of
efficient operational workflows and customer satisfaction. It involves the strategic oversight
of inventory levels, timing, and costs to ensure that a business can meet demand without
excessive overhead or stockouts. Effective inventory control techniques allow businesses to
maintain the desired level of excellence in product offerings while optimizing resource use
b. Quality assurance can be defined as “part of quality management focused on
providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled.” The confidence
provided by quality assurance is twofold—internally to management and externally to
customers, government agencies, regulators, certifiers, and third parties. Relating to the
same bring about the different methods used for quality assurance (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Quality assurance (QA) is a pivotal component of quality management, designed to instill
confidence by ensuring that products or services meet established quality standards. It serves
as a preventive strategy, aimed at identifying and correcting potential issues before they affect
the final output. By implementing effective QA methods, organizations can assure both
internal stakeholders and external entities, such as customers and regulatory bodies, that their
Project Management
April 2024 Examination
Question 1: Q1. Create a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) for an upcoming Excel
workshop scheduled for 2 days in your college premises. In this planning phase,
envision yourself as a student organizer. The workshop’s intended audience comprises
final year MBA students from your college, and the workshop fee is set at 2000 INR for
the entire 2-day duration. To efficiently manage the workshop, a team of 7 individuals,
your fellow classmates in the 3rd year of the BBA program, will be enlisted. Their
responsibilities encompass designing the workshop brochure, establishing a schedule,
liaising with relevant faculty members (2 faculties) and the administrative office,
overseeing the registration procedure, coordinating with the ground floor dining hall
for meals (breakfast, lunch, and high-tea), collaborating with the IT team to ensure a
well-equipped computer lab with internet access and requisite classroom amenities.
Additionally, arrangements need to be made for the distribution of workshop kits or
takeaways to participants upon its conclusion.
Introduction
The next Excel workshop, taking place over two days at our college, is a significant endeavor
to equip the MBA students from last year with essential skills and expertise in utilizing
Microsoft Excel. As a student organizer, I have carefully planned this workshop to enhance
our peers’ employability and competitiveness. Recognizing the crucial role of this event, I
have been motivated to plan every detail precisely. The primary objectives of the workshop
are not only to provide technical information but also to cultivate a collaborative environment
for participants to familiarize themselves with the surroundings of many of the contributors.
In order to carry out this task smoothly, a committed team of 7 classmates from the third year
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Question 2: Write the Network diagram (activity on nodes)
 Prepare table with Early start time, Early finish time, latest start time, and latest
finish time.
 Identify critical activities.
 Prepare table with how much time we can crash per activity and cost associated
with it
Introduction
The student’s research assignment, accomplished as a partial fulfillment of their degree
program, presents a challenging task that requires meticulous analysis and strategic
preparation. This debate examines critical elements of the problem, investigating the
complexities of community design, essential activities, and the prospects for optimizing time
and cost. The study’s purpose encompasses multiple activities and requirements, costs, and
interdependencies. We aim to address the intricacies, identify essential routes, and develop
solutions to optimize the project’s schedule and associated costs.
The community design is a graphical depiction of the activities and their interconnections
within the assignment. Each interest in our example is represented by a node, with arrows
Question 3. A: picture yourself as an employee at a Data Training Center. Currently,
the center is on the brink of introducing a training program centered on Power BI. This
program is slated to be conducted in an online format. Your responsibility entails
guaranteeing that both participants and the personnel involved possess appropriate
system setups and reliable internet connectivity. As an integral aspect of this technical
audit, delineate the specific aspects you intend to address.
Also, mention the source in your answer stating the requirement of software could be
essential to check as part of Technical Audit
Introduction
As an employee overseeing the smooth implementation of the Power BI training program at
the Data Education Center, conducting a comprehensive technical audit is crucial. The
program’s success relies significantly on the participants and staff having suitable system
configurations and reliable internet connectivity. These are the specific elements I plan to
Question 3. B: for the below given LPP problem and its solution, write your
interpretation.
A Firm is producing two types of products called “banarasi Silk Saris” and “Gujarati
patanPatoda Silk Saris”. They have female workers who work for them can work up to
30 days a month. Their unit contribution of each product is 20000 INR and 15000 INR
respectively. They have limited raw material can make 150 units of “banarasi Silk
Saris” and 175 “Gujarati patanPatoda Silk Saris”. A team of worker do require 3 days
to manufacture “banarasi Silk Saris” and 4 days for “Gujarati patanPatoda Silk Saris”.
This form is looking for the optimisation model that maximize their profit. (5 Marks)
System Generated Output.
Introduction
The provided information The Linear Programming problem (LPP) involves a company
manufacturing two types of silk saris – “Banarasi Silk Saris” and “Gujarati Patan Patoda Silk
Saris.” The objective is to optimize profits while considering several constraints, such as the
availability of female labor, limited raw materials, and the production time required for each
type of sari.
Concept and Application
Decision Variables:
Let xx be the number of “Banarasi Silk Saris” produced, and yy indicates the quantity of ”
Sales Management
April 2024 Examination
Q.1 The Smart Cube is a global provider of research and analytics solutions, primarily
serving the financial services, retail, life sciences, energy and industrials sectors.
Addressing the needs of businesses in the intelligence age, their customized solutions
provide a truly connected approach, delivered by talented minds and intelligence
platform, rich with knowledge, cutting edge tools and advanced analytics. They work
with a third of companies in the Fortune 100, helping them make smarter decisions,
accelerate value, and gain a competitive edge.Headquartered in the UK with additional
offices in the USA, Switzerland, Romania and India.
You are appointed as the Vice President Sales – Analytics for India office. How will you
train your team on Personal selling? Do you think personal selling is the bestselling
method for selling technology solutions and services? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic realm of sales, particularly within the technology solutions and services
sector, personal selling emerges as a pivotal strategy, especially for a company as globally
integrated and intelligence-driven as The Smart Cube. Personal selling transcends mere
transactional exchanges, fostering deeper, more meaningful relationships between the seller
and the buyer. This approach is especially crucial in sectors where the products or services
offered are complex, highly customizable, and require a significant degree of trust and
understanding between the parties involved. As the newly appointed Vice President of Sales –
Analytics for the India office of The Smart Cube, the task at hand is not just to train the sales
team but to imbue them with the nuanced skills and strategic mindset required for personal
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Q2. Prataap Snacks is a leading Indian Snacks Food Company and continues to win the
trust of consumers day by day. And why won’t they?Akhir, “dildaar hain hum!” is the
tag line.
Desi Namkeen and an Indian palate are ageless companions, just like chips and dips,
rings and fingers or good people and noble ventures. This is a story of such a venture
that brought versatility, a wide traditional and international variety, exceptional quality
and above all, a ‘dildaar’ quantity of snacks across India. The story of the brand –
Yellow Diamond. In the early 90s, an idea struck an Indore-born, US student named
Amit Kumat. The idea of pairing something papad-crunchy with a steaming plate of
dal-rice…Chips! His belief in the power and potential of snacks as a sunrise category
firmed up then itself. A few years later, in 2004 entrepreneur, Amit Kumat along with
Apoorva Kumat and Arvind Mehta turned this idea into a home-grown snacks offering,
named Yellow Diamond. Salman Khan was appointed brand ambassador in 2017.
You are the national sales head and reporting to Mr. Amit Kumat. He has asked you to
work on restructuring the sales organization. Would you opt for product based or
geographical based sales structure? Support your answer with a valid reason. (10
marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of the Indian snacks industry, Prataap Snacks, under its flagship
brand Yellow Diamond, has made significant strides in capturing the essence of Indian taste
preferences with its diverse range of products. The brand’s journey, from its inception by
Amit Kumat and his partners in 2004 to becoming a household name with Bollywood
superstar Salman Khan as its brand ambassador in 2017, illustrates its successful penetration
and acceptance in the Indian market. Given the task by Mr. Amit Kumat to restructure the
sales organization, the decision between adopting a product-based or geographical-based
Q.3 Padcare Labs is a Pune based organization offering menstrual hygiene and
healthcare solutions to women. Their clients entail the following corporates:
It has received funding and is now on an expanision spree and Ms Priyanka Sharma has
been appointed as Head of Corporate Sales.
a. Ms. Priyanka Sharma wants to implement CRM solution for increasing sales. Do you
think implementing CRM will increase customer retention? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Padcare Labs, a Pune-based organization specializing in menstrual hygiene and healthcare
solutions for women, is poised for expansion under the leadership of Ms. Priyanka Sharma as
Head of Corporate Sales. As part of this growth strategy, Ms. Sharma is considering
implementing a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) solution to boost sales. This
b. Ms. Priyanka Sharma has undergone SPIN training. Explain spin theory with
examples. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
SPIN Selling is a renowned sales methodology developed by Neil Rackham, focusing on
asking effective questions to uncover customer needs and preferences. Ms. Priyanka Sharma’s
training in SPIN Selling equips her with the skills to navigate complex sales situations and
build stronger client relationships. This analysis explores the SPIN theory and its application
Soft Skills for Managers
April 2024 Examination
Q1. As a leader at work, you are time and again communicating with one and all. This
may be one-on one communication , or in groups or in larger teams. This could be
verbal or in written form. What according to you is the importance of communication?
Also mention as a leader why it is an important skill to have. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Effective communication stands as the cornerstone of successful leadership within the
modern workplace. It transcends mere exchange of information; it is about understanding the
emotions and intentions behind the information. As leaders, the ability to communicate
effectively is paramount not only in guiding teams towards achieving organizational goals but
also in fostering an environment of trust and respect. This skill facilitates the clear
conveyance of vision and expectations, encourages open dialogue, and aids in conflict
resolution. In essence, adept communication skills enable leaders to connect with their team
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Q2. What do you understand by the word Etiquettes? Why are they important in daily
life? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Etiquette refers to the set of conventional rules and norms governing social behavior within a
society or among members of a particular profession or group. These unwritten guidelines on
how to interact courteously and respectfully are deeply rooted in cultural and societal values,
influencing how individuals communicate, behave, and treat one another in various settings.
In daily life, etiquette plays a pivotal role in fostering positive interactions, building
harmonious relationships, and facilitating smooth social exchanges. Whether in personal or
professional contexts, adhering to proper etiquette is essential for conveying respect,
empathy, and consideration for others. It reflects an individual’s understanding of social
Q3a) What is One on one communication? And how do you prepare for it. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
One-on-one communication refers to a direct form of interaction that occurs between two
individuals. This personalized mode of communication is foundational in both personal and
professional settings, serving as a key mechanism for sharing information, resolving conflicts,
and building relationships. Preparing for one-on-one communication involves a thoughtful
approach to ensure that the conversation is productive, respectful, and achieves its intended
objectives. By focusing on preparation, individuals can enhance the quality of the interaction,
b) How to be a better listener? Suggest 5 things one can do. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Being a better listener is an essential skill that enhances communication and strengthens
relationships in both personal and professional contexts. Listening goes beyond merely
hearing words; it involves understanding, empathizing, and engaging with the speaker. This
skill is fundamental for effective communication, as it fosters an environment of trust and
respect, encourages the exchange of ideas, and facilitates conflict resolution. Improving
listening skills requires intentional practice and mindfulness. By focusing on the speaker,
Start Your Startup
April 2024 Examination
1. “The most profitable business in India depends on various factors, such as market
demand, competition, and investment required. However, some of the most
profitable businesses in India are e-commerce (Flipkart), food and beverage (Parle),
healthcare (Apollo Hospitals), education (Physics Wallah), real estate (Lodha),
renewable energy (Adani Green), and travel and tourism (MakeMyTrip)., etc.” If they
can do, so can you. Identify the different types of bootstrapping strategies/ideas that an
entrepreneur can map? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Bootstrapping in entrepreneurship is a powerful strategy for building a company from the
ground up without relying on external funding sources such as venture capital or loans. This
self-funding approach leverages the entrepreneur’s own resources to support the business’s
initial growth and development. By focusing on minimizing expenses and reinvesting profits
back into the business, bootstrapping encourages creativity, resourcefulness, and a deep
understanding of the market. It enables entrepreneurs to maintain control over their ventures,
make swift decisions, and adapt to changes without the pressure from investors. The journey
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2. Bootstrapping describes a situation in which an entrepreneur starts a company with
little capital, relying on money other than outside investments. An individual is said to
be bootstrapping when they attempt to found and build a company from personal
finances or the operating revenues of the new company. List down the reasons why
every startup should bootstrap? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Bootstrapping, a term derived from the old phrase “pulling oneself up by one’s bootstraps,”
encapsulates the essence of self-reliance in the entrepreneurial journey. This approach to
starting a business is distinguished by its reliance on minimal external financial resources,
focusing instead on personal savings, cautious budgeting, and the reinvestment of initial
profits. In an era where the allure of venture capital and angel investment dominates the
startup ecosystem, bootstrapping emerges as a testament to the grit, determination, and
resourcefulness of entrepreneurs. By electing to bootstrap, founders not only retain full
3. Innovative businesses have new and exciting ideas that are more likely to attract
venture capital investment. Product innovation refers to new or significantly
improved products. The innovation could include making the same product with better
components or a new product that’s more user-friendly.
a. Finance is defined as the management of money and includes activities such as
investing, borrowing, lending, budgeting, saving, and forecasting. Understanding the
fact, describe the different techniques for raising capital available with start-ups? (5
Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of entrepreneurship, securing adequate financing is a critical
milestone for startups aiming to bring innovative products to market. The realm of finance
encompasses a broad spectrum of activities essential for the economic sustenance and growth
of new ventures. For startups, particularly those at the forefront of product innovation,
identifying and leveraging the right mix of capital-raising techniques is pivotal. These
b. “The existing definition of investors’ “best interest” is about maximizing financial
returns while adjusting risk to the profile of the client.” Associating with the quote,
identify the factors affecting investors interest? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The paradigm of investment has traditionally been anchored in the principle of maximizing
financial returns while aligning risk with the investor’s profile. This axiom underscores the
critical balance between risk management and return optimization, a fundamental aspect of
the investment decision-making process. However, the interests of investors are influenced by
a myriad of factors that extend beyond the mere calculus of risk and return. These factors

Strategic Management
April 2024 Examination
1. Nalli Sarees [https://www.nalli.com] is a Chennai based retailer in textile and
traditional silk, cotton, cotton-silk sarees, blouses, dress materials etc. Established in the
year 1928, Nalli is household name for exquisite silks, with over 90 years of grace &
legacy and an iconic heritage brand steeped in tradition. They have earned the trust and
patronage of customers across generations, by virtue of their core values of trust and
quality. They are now global with stores in USA, Canada, UAE, Singapore, UK etc.
Since they are global and compete with global brands they feel their marketing in not
up to the mark and they are lagging behind in style and poise compared to foreign
brands. They wish to understand what could the lacuna in their marketing approach.
What kind of Audit would you recommend for them and how would you suggest they go
about doing this. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
Nalli Sarees, a renowned Chennai-based retailer with a rich heritage dating back to 1928, has
emerged as a household name, synonymous with traditional silk, cotton, and cotton-silk
sarees, blouses, and dress materials. Over the course of its 90-year journey, Nalli has garnered
immense trust and loyalty among customers, passing down through generations, thanks to its
unwavering commitment to values of trust and quality. Today, Nalli has expanded its
footprint globally, with stores in the USA, Canada, UAE, Singapore, UK, and other locations.
Despite its impressive legacy, Nalli faces a challenge in the global market. They believe that
their marketing strategies may be lacking, and they lag behind international brands in terms
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2. Do Michael Porter’s Five Forces Analysis for Tesla coming into the Indian
Automobile Market. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
Michael Porter’s Five Forces Analysis is a framework used to assess the competitive forces
within an industry that can impact a company’s profitability and competitive position. In the
case of Tesla entering the Indian automobile market in April 2024, it is crucial to apply this
framework to understand the dynamics at play. Tesla, the electric vehicle (EV) pioneer, has
been eyeing India as a potential market due to its growing economy and increasing interest in
sustainable transportation. However, entering a new market is not without challenges. This
analysis will explore the five forces – competitive rivalry, bargaining power of suppliers,
3. Please answer the following
a. Akasa Air a brand of SNV Aviation Private Limited is an Indian low-cost airline
headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. It was founded by Vinay Dube and
Aditya Ghosh. In additional to flying it plans to offer complete holiday packages at key
destinations in India like Goa, Kerala, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Rajasthan, Ladakh
& Leh. What kind of alliances and partnerships will be required by Akasa Air to enable
them to offer these services to their customers? Please elaborate the same (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
Akasa Air, a brand of SNV Aviation Private Limited, aims to establish itself as a low-cost
airline in India, headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra. Apart from its core business of
providing air travel services, Akasa Air intends to diversify its offerings by providing
complete holiday packages at various key destinations across India. This strategic move
requires the establishment of alliances and partnerships to enhance its service portfolio and
b. General Motors withdrew from the Indian Market sometime in 2017. What kind of
strategy is this under Strategic Management? Please outline the key reasons under
which an organization has to apply this strategy. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
General Motors’ withdrawal from the Indian market in 2017 marked a significant strategic
decision within the realm of Strategic Management. To understand the implications of this
move, it is essential to analyze the strategy employed by the organization and the underlying
reasons that led to such a decision.
Concept and application
General Motors’ exit from the Indian market can be categorized as a “Market Exit Strategy”

 

 

 

 

Business and Allied Law
April 2024 Examination
1. The term ‘caveat emptor’ is not only an essential concept for buyers but also for
sellers as it absolves a seller from any further liability after a particular transaction is
completed. However, With globalization, the Indian markets have come in synchrony
with the global leaders and therefore, the businesses here have started realizing that
consumers or buyers occupy a superior position now. In view of this, analyze whether
the concept of Caveat Emptor is still relevant to contracts of Sale of Goods in the 21st
Century also do you think the era should be of Caveat Venditor instead of Caveat
Emptor. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The principle of ‘caveat emptor’, meaning “let the buyer beware”, has traditionally
underpinned transactions, placing the onus on buyers to conduct due diligence before making
a purchase. This doctrine favored sellers by limiting their obligations to disclose, effectively
absolving them of liability once a sale was concluded. However, the advent of globalization
and the ensuing alignment of Indian markets with global standards have ushered in a
significant shift. Consumer empowerment and protection have become paramount, prompting
a reevaluation of ‘caveat emptor’s relevance in the modern marketplace. The evolving legal
landscape and consumer expectations now challenge the traditional seller-centric approach,
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Q.2 The Central Government on recommendations of The Second National Commission
on Labour proposed to replace 29 existing Labour Laws with four Codes to simplify
and modernize labour regulation. The major challenge was to facilitate employment
growth while protecting workers’ rights. Briefly describe the four labour codes. (10
marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The modernization and simplification of labour laws in India have been a significant step
towards aligning the country’s regulatory framework with the evolving needs of its economy
and workforce. Recognizing the complexities and redundancies in the existing system, where
29 distinct labour laws created a labyrinthine legal framework, the Central Government,
guided by the recommendations of The Second National Commission on Labour, embarked
on a comprehensive reform process. This reform aimed at consolidating these laws into four
succinct Labour Codes. This initiative was driven by a dual objective: to spur employment
growth across sectors by making the regulatory environment more business-friendly, and to
Q.3 Mr.Reddy alleged that he purchased a pulse oximeter from XYZ Medical Shop in
Secundrabad for Rs.1600/- on July 2023. However, upon testing the oximeter at home,
he discovered that it did not function properly. He immediately informed the medical
shop about the disfunction of the device but got an inadequate answer. The medical
store offered replacement with a lower-priced alternative, but Mr. Reddy
demanded a full refund. Despite his efforts, it only refunded a partial amount stating
that the taxes have already been paid to the Govt. The medical store also mentioned that
they were merely retailers and not responsible for the functioning or warranty of the
product.
(a) Analyze the case and mention the remedies available to Mr.Reddy with the help of
the latest case laws. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The case involving Mr. Reddy and XYZ Medical Shop highlights a common consumer
grievance regarding the purchase of defective goods, in this case, a pulse oximeter. The
consumer’s demand for a full refund confronts the retailer’s stance of offering a lower-priced
replacement or a partial refund, citing tax payments and disclaiming responsibility for the
product’s functionality. This scenario underscores the need to examine consumer rights and
(b) Explain the redressal machinery as available under the Consumer Protection Act
and mention the forum to which Mr. Reddy should approach. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The Consumer Protection Act provides a comprehensive mechanism for the redressal of
consumer grievances, designed to offer quick and effective remedies to consumers facing
issues with goods and services. This legal framework establishes a three-tier system of
consumer courts at the district, state, and national levels, ensuring that consumers have
accessible venues for lodging complaints and seeking justice. The Act empowers consumers
Business Communication
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Many organisations have changed to traditional form of interviews and are utilizing
the different types of interviews for getting the best human resource is the most time-
saving and economic form. Highlights any 4 such different styles of the interview with
suitable examples. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the contemporary corporate landscape, the evolution of recruitment strategies has been
significant, shifting away from traditional interview forms towards more innovative and
diverse methodologies. This transition is driven by the need for efficiency, cost-effectiveness,
and the pursuit of securing the best talent in a competitive market. Interviews, being a pivotal
phase in the hiring process, have transformed to encompass various styles, each tailored to
evaluate candidates’ competencies, personality, and fit for the organization in unique ways.
These methods range from behavioral assessments to task-oriented evaluations, offering a
holistic view of an applicant’s potential beyond the conventional question-and-answer format.
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Q2. “In India, the public has become a force to be reckoned with. Thus, it is important
for organisations to focus on developing business rapport and most importantly PR.”
Explain in detail the above statement, giving examples of organizations that give
importance to PR activities. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of India’s economy, the power of the public has surged to
unprecedented levels. This evolution is a testament to the growing influence of consumer
opinions, social media, and the increased transparency demanded from corporate entities. The
statement underscores the critical importance of organizations in India to not only foster
strong business rapport but to prioritize Public Relations (PR) as a strategic imperative. PR, in
this context, is not merely about managing the news cycle or crisis communication; it’s about
building a sustainable relationship with the public, understanding their needs, and engaging
them in meaningful ways. Organizations that have mastered the art of PR have seen tangible
benefits in terms of brand loyalty, stakeholder trust, and ultimately, their bottom line.
Q3. The Molson Coors Brewing Company is the world’s fifth largest brewer, but it’s
aiming higher—and it’s tapping the power of personality type to get there. In Canada,
Molson has a leading market share and is the largest brewer by volume. But in the
fiercely competitive beer business, that’s only enough to give North America’s oldest
brewery a slim lead. “It’s a tough market,” says Diane Larouche, a change manager
with the company’s IT project management office in Montreal. “There are a lot
of players, including microbreweries. Globalization is aggressive. And wine is gaining
ground.” To thrive in the midst of these pressures, the company has set aggressive goals
and is working to create a culture of “brilliant execution.” “The leadership team wants
to work more from the grassroots up, in this area and many others,” says Larouche.
“They understand that competitive advantage comes from people, not technology.
The brilliant execution initiative is about empowering people to ‘decide, plan, do, and
review.’
As part of the initiative, Larouche facilitated a team-building activity in May 2010 with
the finance department of Molson Coors Canada. Consulting first with a senior vice
president and three VPs, she got an idea of the situation and the challenges facing the
department’s three work groups. “Making decisions was a problem,” she says. “There
was a sense that it was a long process. People were second-guessing themselves and each
other.” With that in mind, she reflected on what the team needed to achieve brilliant
execution: “How can people contribute? How can they work to the best of their ability?
How can they leverage their differences to move forward more positively?”
She then conducted team-building workshops with more than 90 employees, from VPs
to administrative assistants, using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. “I wanted to help
them work well together and relate well with each other,” she says. “I picked the MBTI
tool because it enables people to understand their own styles, how they lead their day-today
activities,
and
how
that
affects
the
group.
It
brings
out
the
soft-skills
side
that
you

need

along with the mechanical process side if you want a group to be very good at
delivering exceptional results.” She also chose the MBTI Step II assessment for its
reliability—“It’s a credible tool, it has validity and it’s been well studied,” she
explains—and for the more refined picture it offers of each type. “The amount of
information in the reports was perfect,” she says. “It was concise and easy for each
person to understand, and for synthesizing to get the bigger picture of how the groups
were functioning.” Larouche says the feedback she received from the team was
excellent: “There were a lot of thinkers, people who objected when it was decision time,”
she says. “This experience showed them the limitations of majority groupthink. They
could see how they were not benefiting from others, how their patterns and
misperceptions were causing them to ignore or judge some people without considering
them. With awareness of self and awareness of others, the whole team will be more able
to realize the benefit of diversity and become more efficient and effective.
a. What Steps did the Change Manager take to make people in company better
executors? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Diane Larouche, as a change manager at Molson Coors Brewing Company, embarked on a
strategic initiative aimed at transforming the company’s culture into one characterized by
“brilliant execution.” Recognizing the challenges posed by a competitive market, Larouche’s
approach centered on leveraging the unique strengths and personality types within the
organization. By facilitating team-building activities and employing the Myers-Briggs Type
b. What revelations did the MBTI tool offer? How did the results help the company? (5
Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) tool, employed by Diane Larouche in her teambuilding

initiative at Molson Coors Brewing Company, provided profound insights into the
diverse personality types present within the company’s workforce. This psychological
assessment tool was instrumental in uncovering the intrinsic work styles, decision-making
processes, and interpersonal dynamics of the employees. The revelations from the MBTI tool
Business Ethics and Corporate Governance
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Samantha works as a pharmacy technician at a local community pharmacy. One
day, her close friend Emily comes into the pharmacy with a prescription for a
medication that is known to be commonly abused. However, Samantha notices that the
prescription looks altered and might have been stolen or forged. Emily pleads with
Samantha to fill the prescription, saying it’s for a family member who urgently needs
the medication.
Samantha is torn between her loyalty to her friend and her ethical responsibility as a
pharmacy technician to ensure the proper use of prescription medications. She knows
that filling a potentially stolen or forged prescription could contribute to drug misuse
and harm to individuals.
Question: In this situation, what ethical dilemma does Samantha face? What are the
conflicting interests, and how might they impact her decision-making process? Provide
a recommendation for how Samantha could navigate this dilemma while upholding
ethical principles. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Samantha’s predicament encapsulates a fundamental ethical dilemma that professionals often
encounter in the workplace: the conflict between personal loyalties and professional
responsibilities. This scenario, set in a community pharmacy, highlights the ethical
complexities inherent in the healthcare industry, where decisions can have profound
implications on individual health and societal well-being. Samantha, a pharmacy technician,
faces a challenging situation where her personal relationship with a close friend, Emily,
clashes with her professional duty to adhere to legal and ethical standards in prescription
handling. This dilemma not only tests Samantha’s commitment to her professional integrity
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Q2. Alex works for a construction company that is bidding for a government contract to
build a new public school. The competition is tough, and the company is eager to secure
the project. The government official in charge of awarding the contract hints to Alex
that if the company provides him with a significant sum of money, he can ensure that
their bid is selected.
In addition, the official suggests that if Alex agrees to pay him, he will expedite the
approval process for the necessary permits and licenses, which will save the company
valuable time and resources. Alex knows that his company is struggling financially and
that winning the contract could greatly benefit them.
Question: In this scenario, can you distinguish between bribery, graft, and corruption?
Explain how each of these terms applies to the situation Alex is facing and their
potential implications for both him and his company. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the contemporary business landscape, ethical dilemmas such as the one faced by Alex are
not uncommon. This scenario presents a classic case where business ethics and corporate
governance are put to the test. At its core, this situation revolves around the concepts of
bribery, graft, and corruption – terms often used interchangeably but with distinct meanings
and implications. These unethical practices not only challenge personal integrity but also
have far-reaching consequences for businesses and society at large. Understanding the
nuances of each term is crucial in dissecting the ethical dilemma faced by Alex and his
construction company. As they navigate the murky waters of a tempting but unethical
Q3. Scenario: Pursuit of Personal Happiness
Sarah is a young professional who recently started her dream job as a wildlife
conservationist. She’s passionate about protecting endangered species and preserving
their natural habitats. She spends her days conducting field research, working with
local communities, and advocating for conservation policies.
Using the PERMA model, which focuses on five essential elements of well-being –
Positive emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment – let’s
examine Sarah’s situation.
a) How does Sarah’s role as a wildlife conservationist align with the elements of the
PERMA model? Identify specific aspects of her job that contribute to each element of
well-being. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The PERMA model, proposed by psychologist Martin Seligman, provides a comprehensive
framework for understanding well-being through five essential elements: Positive Emotion,
Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment. Analyzing Sarah’s role as a
wildlife conservationist through this lens offers valuable insights into how her career
contributes to her overall well-being. Her job, intrinsically aligned with her passion for
b) Despite having a fulfilling job, Sarah occasionally experiences burnout due to the
challenging nature of her work and the emotional toll of witnessing environmental
degradation. How can she apply the PERMA model to address her burnout and
maintain a sustainable level of well-being in her career? (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
While Sarah’s role as a wildlife conservationist aligns well with the PERMA model’s
elements for well-being, the demanding nature of her work can lead to burnout. Burnout,
characterized by emotional exhaustion and reduced personal accomplishment, can diminish
her overall well-being, despite the job’s fulfillment aspects. Applying the PERMA model to
address burnout involves strategically enhancing each element of the model – Positive
Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment – to create a more
Consumer Behaviour
April 2024 Examination
1. How has Tata group expanded its companies in the market? What was the marketing
strategy of launching their retail products in the Indian market? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The Tata Group, a conglomerate with a storied legacy in the Indian and global markets, has
adeptly expanded its presence across various sectors, including technology, steel, automotive,
and consumer goods. This expansion is not just a testament to the group’s diversified interests
but also to its strategic approach towards understanding and tapping into consumer behavior.
In the Indian market, particularly, Tata’s entry and growth in the retail sector highlight its
adept maneuvering through the complex tapestry of Indian consumer preferences and
competitive landscapes. By leveraging a mix of traditional values and modern retail practices,
Tata has not only established a robust footprint but also set new benchmarks for retail
excellence in India. The group’s marketing strategy, focusing on customer-centricity,
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2. How does display improve the sale of the product and grab the customers attention,
explain it with an example of a spectacles industry? How do the promotions help in the
sale? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic realm of consumer markets, the presentation and promotion of products play
pivotal roles in influencing purchasing decisions. A well-crafted display not only enhances
the visibility of a product but also significantly contributes to its appeal, making it more
attractive to potential buyers. This principle holds true across various industries, including the
spectacles industry, where the manner in which eyewear is presented can drastically affect
consumer interest and sales. Effective displays capture customers’ attention by highlighting
the product’s features, quality, and design, thereby creating a desire and a perceived need.
Similarly, promotions serve as a powerful tool to stimulate interest and encourage purchase
3. Case Study
Asian Paints: Giving its business model a fresh coat of paint
A temporary ban on paint imports during World War II resulted in an opportunity for
domestic production. Sensing a similar opportunity, 26-yard old entrepreneur
Champaklal H Choksey and his three friends- Chimanlal N Choksi, Suryakant C Dani
and Arvind R Vakil- set up Asian Paints in Mumbai. By 1967, Asian Paints had become
the largest paint company in India-a position it holds until this day (excerpts from The
Unusual Billionaires by Saurabh Mukherjee, founder and chief investment officer of
Marcellus Investment Managers).
Asian Paints, which controls a significant chunk (over 40 per cent in decorative paints)
of the paint market in India, has done so by working on various strategies through the
years to keep its growth intact whilst also remaining competitive in the industry.
In the first phase of growth, it went on to become India’s largest paint company in 1967.
In its second phase, Choksey decided to bring in professionals to grow the company.
Among his early hours was PM Murty, who joined Asian Paints in 1971 and rose
through the ranks to become managing director and chief executive officer in 2009.
Murty was one of the big hires that Choksey made when he decided to bring
professionals in board. KBS Anand, who joined the paint major in the 1970s, was at the
helm between 2012 and March 31, 2020.
From working on its weaknesses and leveraging its strength in distribution to closing in
on the gaps in the industry, Asian Paints became the second-most valuable paint
company in the world by market capitalisation. From having the highest number of
tinting machines to increasing its dealer count, along with macro factors, the form has
grown consistently over the years.
Rising aspirations and shortened paint cycles at homes, form seven/eight years to four-
five years, have helped both the company and the decorative paint industry grow in
volumes. These macro factors have been one of the major growth drivers for the
company in the last few years, said Sachin Bobade, vice-president – research, Dolat
Capital. The other government initiatives to convert ‘kuchha’ homes into ‘pucca’ have
also helped the company grow.
Another key growth Grover was bringing paints under the 18 per cent goods and
services tax slab, compared to the earlier 28 per cent. This, too, helped Asian Paints,
said Vishal Gutka, V-P-research, Phillip Capital.
Vishal Gutka said that if paints had continued to remain under the higher tax slab, it
would have had an impact on not just its financials, but on the industry at large.
Over the past seven decades, Asian Paints has built India’s largest paint dealer network
of more than 70,000, from the 35,000 dealers in 2013-14(FY14). The game changer for
the paint industry was the introduction of tinting machines in the early 1990s. While the
technology of tinting machines was brought into the country by Jenson & Nicholson.
Asian Paints and Berger Paints replicated the same in no time. While Berger Paints
introduced the concept in 1995-96, Asian Paints soon caught up.
Dolat Capital, in its report last year, showed that tinting machines for the firm have
grown from 27,000 in FY14 to 46,000 in 2019-20(FY20); it’s competitor was far behind
at 20,000 in FY20. Tinting machines help paints dealers offer a variety of colours, which
was earlier restricted. A tinting machine uses a base of three colours and 16 colourants
to produce 5,000 colours instantly.
Gutka also explained that over time, Asian Paints has ironed out the kinds. It has
products across price points, “The company has a weak standing in the economy paint
segment, which it covered by the launch of products to help it combat players in the
unorganised segment and also pushed for the use of its putty aggressively through its
existing network.”
Asian Paints gives a warranty on the full use of its products, which has helped the
company push all its products. On the financial front, the company has the highest
margins in the industry, compared to its peers. In FY21, its operating margins stood at
23.9 per cent, while its peers (Berger Paints, Kansai Nerolac, AkzoNobel, and Indigo
Paints) saw their margins in the range of 15-18 per cent.
In the first half of the year, which was largely governed by high raw material prices, its
operating margins were at 16.2 per cent, while other players saw their margins at 12.2-
15.5 per cent. It initiated rounds of price hikes through the year to mitigate the impact
of higher raw material prices. Gutka said the firm has taken price hikes to the tune of
20-22 per cent (year-to-date) and will take another round of price hikes in January. On
the revenue front, Asian Paints is more than 3x larger than India’s second largest paint
maker (Berger) in FY21.
Despite the bigger size, its revenue grew at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of
6.2 per cent over the last three years (same as Berger’s). Same on the net profit front
(CAGR of 20.7 per cent). However, it is growing at a faster pace compared to Kansai
Nerolac (FY21 sales of Rs5,074 crore) and AkzoNobel (Rs2,421 crore).
a. What is the reason Asian Paints is number one in India? What other reasons affect
the sales of a company? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Asian Paints’ ascent to the pinnacle of India’s paint industry is a testament to strategic
innovation, robust growth initiatives, and an unwavering commitment to quality. This
remarkable journey, from its inception during a time of import restrictions to becoming the
market leader, underscores the company’s ability to navigate challenges and seize
opportunities. Beyond its historical context, several factors contribute to its sustained
b. Why are the margins better for Asian paints and how will it impact the sales? What is
the importance of distribution network in the retail sector and how does it affect the
sales? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Asian Paints’ superior operating margins and its expansive distribution network are central
pillars supporting its leadership in the paint industry. Operating margins, a critical measure of
profitability, reflect the efficiency with which a company converts sales into pre-tax profits.
For Asian Paints, higher margins signify not only financial health but also strategic pricing,
cost management, and brand value. Simultaneously, the distribution network plays a pivotal
Corporate Accounting
April 2024 Examination
1. Amar takes over the business of Anil as on 31st March 2023. The Balance Sheets of
both companies as on that date are as under:
Balance sheet of M/s Amar Ltd. as on 31st March 2023
Liabilities
Rs.
Assets
Rs.
Equity Share Capital (Rs. 10
each)
1200000 Land & Building
1150000
12% Preference Shares
500000 Plant & Machinery 825000
Reserves & Surplus
65000
Other Assets
123000
8% Debentures
250000 Inventory
77000
Payables
175000 Receivables
100000
Other Liabilities
120000
Cash & Bank
Balances
35000
2310000
2310000
Balance Sheet of M/s Anil Ltd. as on 31st March 2023
Liabilities
Rs.
Assets
Rs.
Equity Share Capital (Rs. 10
each)
650000 Land & Building
893000
10% Preference Shares
200000 Plant & Machinery
345000
Reserves & Surplus
13000
Other Assets
78000
10% Debentures
250000 Inventory
45000
Payables
200000 Receivables
52000
Other Liabilities
112000
Cash & Bank
Balances
12000
1425000
1425000
Terms of the deal were as follows:
Issue of equal no. of equity shares of Rs. 10 each at a premium of Re.1 /share to
shareholders of M/s Anil Limited.
Issue of 12% Preference Shares of Rs. 50 each against existing Preference Shares of M/s
Anil Ltd. at Par.
Debentures converted to 10% Debentures of M/s Amar Ltd. at proportionate value to
the
Debenture holders of M/s Anil Ltd.
Land & Building fair valued to Rs. 10,50,000/- and Plant & Machinery to Rs. 2,75,000/-
i. Pass Journal entries for the above assuming M/s Amar Ltd. does not intend to carry
on the business of M/s Anil Ltd.
ii. If the Value of Purchase Consideration is more than the value of assets taken over,
the difference is transferred to which Account? (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the realm of corporate finance and accounting, the process of one company taking over
another involves a series of meticulous transactions that are reflected through journal entries.
These entries not only document the transfer of assets and liabilities but also the issuance of
shares and debentures as part of the purchase consideration. The case of Amar Ltd. taking
over Anil Ltd. as of 31st March 2023, presents a classic example of such a corporate
restructuring. The balance sheets of both companies provide a snapshot of their financial
positions right before the takeover, setting the stage for a detailed accounting treatment of the
transaction. This exercise not only requires an understanding of the principles of accounting
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2. M/s Mittal Ltd. issued 75,000 debentures @ 8% interest on 1st April 2022 at par.
Interest is paid semi-annually. The Company redeemed 5,000 shares on 31st March
2023. Pass necessary Journal entries for the above for FY 2022-23 and FY 2023-24. (10
marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
In corporate accounting, the issuance and redemption of debentures and shares play a crucial
role in managing a company’s capital structure. M/s Mittal Ltd.’s scenario involves the
issuance of debentures at a specified interest rate and the subsequent redemption of shares.
These transactions impact the company’s financial position, liquidity, and shareholder equity.
Proper recording of these transactions is essential for accurate financial reporting and
compliance with accounting standards. This analysis will delve into the journal entries
required for the issuance of debentures and the redemption of shares by M/s Mittal Ltd. for
3a. Calculate the Value of the Shares of the following Company using Intrinsic value
method. Assume book value of assets is equal to their realizable value.(5 marks)
Liabilities
Rs.
Assets
Rs.
Share Capital
Fixed Assets
40000 shares @ Rs. 10
each
Reserves & Surplus
400000 Land
150000 Building
200000
30000
Plant & Machinery 180000
Long Term Debt
50000
Short Term Liabilities
Investments
120000
Sundry Creditors
80000 Sundry Debtors
45000
Bank Short Term Loan 20000 Cash & Bank
123000
Other Liabilities
10000 Preliminary Exp 12000
710000
710000
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
The intrinsic value method is a fundamental approach used to determine the true worth of a
company’s shares based on the underlying value of its assets and liabilities. In this method,
the book value of assets is assumed to be equal to their realizable value, providing a more
realistic assessment of the company’s financial position. Using this method, we will calculate
b. Following is the extract of the Trial Balance of M/s Dhan Bank as on 31st March
2022. Identify what seems to be incorrect in terms of the rules and regulations
applicable to Banking Companies.
Name the Act pertaining to the Banking Companies and justify with relevant rules and
Sections:
i. Paid Up Share Capital Rs. 2,00,000
ii. Reserves and Surplus Rs. 1,00,000
iii. Preliminary Expenses Rs. 12,000
Additional information available:
The Bank has its branches in Rajkot and Indore, with plans to expand in Chennai.
Profit for the year was Rs. 1,20,000. Dividend declared Rs. 85,000. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Banking companies are governed by specific rules and regulations to ensure the stability,
transparency, and efficiency of the banking system. It’s crucial for banks to comply with these
regulations to maintain public trust and financial integrity. In this case, we will analyze the
Trial Balance of M/s Dhan Bank and identify any discrepancies or non-compliance with the
rules and regulations applicable to banking companies, particularly under the Banking
Corporate Finance
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Gajini Papers Ltd. has a cost of equity capital of 12%.The current market value of
all the shares of the company is Rs.30,00,000(@Rs.30 per share. The earning expected at
the end of the year is 15,00,000.At the end of the year it wants to make a fresh
investment of Rs.25,00,000 and pay a dividend of Re.2 per share. Show how under the
MM assumption the payment of dividend does not affect the value of the company.
(10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The Modigliani-Miller (MM) theorem is a cornerstone in the field of corporate finance,
offering profound insights into the impact of financial strategies on a company’s value. This
theory, developed by Franco Modigliani and Merton Miller in 1958, posits that under certain
conditions, the financial decisions of a company, including its dividend policy, do not affect
its market value. This assumption operates under a world without taxes, transaction costs, and
assumes that information is freely available and financial markets are perfectly efficient.
Applying this theorem to Gajini Papers Ltd., which is contemplating a dividend payout
alongside a fresh investment, provides a compelling framework to examine how these
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Q2. Hypothetical Engineers Ltd. is expected to grow @25% for the next 3 years. The
growth rate is likely to fall to 20% for the next two years. After that, the growth rate is
expected to stabilize at 15%.
The FREE CASH FLOW (FCFE) for the last year was Rs.10. Find out the maximum
price at which an investor would buy the share today if his market capitalization rate is
13% (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic realm of corporate finance, understanding the valuation of a company’s shares
is crucial for investors aiming to make informed decisions. The case of Hypothetical
Engineers Ltd. presents a scenario where the company is anticipated to experience varying
growth rates over different periods: an initial high growth phase at 25% for three years,
followed by a moderated growth rate of 20% for two years, and eventually settling into a
stable growth rate of 15%. This analysis revolves around determining the maximum price an
investor should be willing to pay for the company’s share today, considering a market
capitalization rate of 13%. The process involves calculating the present value of the expected
Q3a. From the following data provided to you calculate the duration of cash operating
cycle (5 Marks)
Sr. No.
Particulars
Amount (Rs.)
Raw material
consumed during
1.
90,00,000
the year
2
Average stock of
15,00,000
3
raw materials
Factory c
ost
of
105,00,000
goods produced
4
Average stock of
16,00,000
5
goods produced
11,40,0000
work-in-progress
Office cost
of
6
Average stock of
9,00,0000
7
debtors
15,00,000
finished goods
Average
trade
8
sales
180,00,000
Cost
of
credit
9
creditors
15,00,000
Average
trade
10
Expenses for the
60,00,000
11
for expenses
5,00,000
year
Average creditors
12
working days in a year
Number of
360
(assume)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
The cash operating cycle is a crucial metric in financial management, indicating the time it
takes for a company to convert its investments in inventory and accounts receivable into cash.
It comprises the period from purchasing raw materials to receiving cash from the sale of
finished goods. Calculating this cycle is essential for efficient working capital management,
as it helps in assessing liquidity and optimizing cash flow. In this scenario, we will delve into
Q3(b). X Ltd. is studying the possible acquisition of Y Ltd. The following information is
available
X Ltd.
Y Ltd.
Profit after tax (Rs. lakhs) 40
20
Equity shares outstanding 4,00,000
1,50,000
Market price per share (Rs.) 25
15
If the merger takes place by exchange of equity shares based on market price what will
be the EPS of X Ltd. after the merger? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
In assessing the potential acquisition of Y Ltd. by X Ltd., it is essential to evaluate the impact
of the merger on the earnings per share (EPS) of X Ltd. EPS is a crucial financial metric that
indicates the portion of a company’s profit allocated to each outstanding share of common
stock. This analysis will consider the post-merger EPS of X Ltd., assuming the exchange of
Cost and Management Accounting
April 2024 Examination
1. The following information in respect of a production process is available for the
month of April 2023.
Budgeted Actual
Output Units
90000
97500
Hours
90000
99000
Fixed Overheads
135000
150000
Variable Overheads
180000
204000
Working Days
75
78
Compute the relevant overheads variances. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Overhead variances play a critical role in the field of cost and management accounting,
offering insights into the efficiency and financial performance of a production process. These
variances, essentially the differences between actual costs and budgeted or standard costs,
serve as key indicators for management to identify areas of over or underperformance. In
analyzing the production process for April 2023, we delve into the world of fixed and
variable overhead variances. This examination not only aids in understanding how effectively
the business managed its overhead costs in the face of actual production activities but also
provides a foundation for strategic decision-making aimed at improving operational
efficiency and cost control. By computing specific overhead variances, such as the Fixed
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2. In a particular month 1,500 units were introduced in Process A. The normal loss is
estimated at 5% of input. At the end of the month, 1,050 units were produced and
transferred to Process B, 345 were incomplete units and 105 units were scrapped at the
end of the process. The incomplete units had the following degree of completion:
materials 75%, labor 50%, overheads 50%.
Additional details of process A are as follows:
(Rs.)
Cost of 1500 units introduced
43500
Additional materials consumed
10800
Direct Labor
25050
Allocated overheads
12525
The scrapped units were sold at Rs. 10 per unit. Compute:
1. Statement of Equivalent Production
2. Statement of Cost
3. Statement of Evaluation
4. Process A account (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Cost and Management Accounting is a pivotal tool that bridges the gap between financial
accounting and management decision-making. It encompasses various methods and
calculations that enable businesses to track, analyze, and optimize their operations and
financial performance. In the context of manufacturing processes, understanding the flow of
costs and evaluating the efficiency of production processes are essential. The examination of
a specific scenario involving Process A in a manufacturing cycle, where units are introduced,
processed, and then transferred, scrapped, or left incomplete, demonstrates the application of
3.a. From the following information compute the economic batch quantity:
Annual demand for the component 12,000
Set-up cost per batch Rs.120
Carrying cost per unit of production is Rs.0.36. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
Calculating the economic batch quantity (EBQ) is crucial for optimizing inventory
management, particularly in manufacturing settings. EBQ helps determine the ideal batch size
to minimize total costs associated with inventory, including setup and carrying costs. In this
scenario, we’ll utilize the annual demand, setup cost per batch, and carrying cost per unit to
b. A hotel rents out room at Rs. 20000 per night, during the tourists’ season calculated
on per night basis as follows:
Particulars
Amount
Caretaker’s wages
6000
Electricity
2000
Cleaner’s wages
3200
Fixed Cost
4000
Profit
4800
During off season, a tourist company has offered to hire 10 rooms @ Rs.12800 per night
for 50 nights.
Advise the hotel owner on financial grounds whether rooms should be rented out to the
tourist company? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
For hotels, optimizing room rental strategies is vital for maximizing revenue and profitability.
When faced with a potential offer from a tourist company during the off-season, the hotel
owner must carefully evaluate the financial implications to make an informed decision. This
analysis involves comparing the expected revenue from renting rooms to the tourist company
Customer Relationship Management
April 2024 Examination
1. In your opinion what are the importance and benefits of e-CRM for a service
industry, which is highly human intensive and requires service employees to be in touch
with the customers. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Electronic Customer Relationship Management (e-CRM) is an integral component of the
modern service industry, especially within sectors characterized by high human interaction
and the critical need for personalized customer service. At its core, e-CRM leverages digital
technologies to enhance the interactions between service providers and their customers,
aiming to improve customer satisfaction, loyalty, and ultimately, profitability. In industries
where service employees play a pivotal role in delivering value to customers, the
implementation of e-CRM can significantly amplify the effectiveness of these human-centric
services. By enabling a more nuanced understanding of customer needs, preferences, and
behaviors, e-CRM tools empower businesses to deliver highly tailored services. This
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2. What advice would you give to a wealth management company on protecting
customer data? Substantiate your answers with strong reasoning. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the digital age, protecting customer data is paramount for wealth management companies,
which manage sensitive financial information. This importance is underscored by the
increasing sophistication of cyber threats and the stringent regulatory requirements designed
to safeguard consumer data. A breach can lead to significant financial loss, erosion of
customer trust, and legal repercussions. Therefore, implementing robust data protection
strategies is not merely a regulatory compliance issue but a crucial aspect of maintaining a
competitive edge and ensuring long-term business viability. This advice aims to guide a
wealth management company on fortifying its data protection measures, emphasizing the
3. You are appointed as a manager in a pharmaceutical company. You have to handle a
large team of 40 sales representatives for the western region. You have noticed that the
company has not used any automation for their sales division. As a part of your first
meeting with the group you wish to introduce sales force automation to this team;
a. Outline the key agenda you would take up to introduce the importance sales force
automation. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
As a newly appointed manager in a pharmaceutical company, overseeing a large team of 40
sales representatives for the western region presents a significant opportunity for enhancing
efficiency and productivity. Recognizing the absence of automation within the sales division,
introducing sales force automation (SFA) emerges as a crucial step towards modernizing our
sales processes. This initial meeting aims to address the pivotal role of SFA, outlining its
b. There is likely to be a resistance from the team to adopt any automation. Highlight
the key benefits you would cover in your meeting to overcome this resistance from the
team by explaining the overall benefits to team and individual members and why they
should adopt this program (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Introducing new technologies, such as sales force automation (SFA), often meets with
resistance from teams accustomed to traditional methods of working. Such reluctance
typically stems from fears of obsolescence, complexity, and change in daily routines.
Overcoming this resistance is crucial for the successful adoption of SFA within our
pharmaceutical sales team. In addressing this challenge, it’s important to highlight the key
Design Thinking
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Describe a situation where you had to redefine or clarify the problem statement
during a design project. How did you go about it? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Design thinking is a user-centered approach that focuses on understanding the user’s needs,
redefining problems, and creating innovative solutions to prototype and test. In my
experience, the essence of design thinking became apparent during a project aimed at
enhancing the online learning experience for university students. Initially, our team was
tasked with developing a more interactive and engaging platform. However, we soon realized
that the problem statement was too broad and lacked a clear focus on the actual needs of the
students. Recognizing this disconnect, we embarked on a journey to redefine the problem
statement. This involved a deep dive into empathetic engagement with the users,
comprehensive research, and iterative feedback loops. By adopting a holistic view and
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Q2. “UAV” is a famous clothing company. The Head manager of the company needs to
have a detailed understanding of their targeted audience in order to create a new
fashion called “bootcut pants”. What will be the research plan you will create for this
purpose? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Understanding the targeted audience is pivotal for any clothing company aiming to launch a
new fashion line. For UAV, a renowned name in the apparel industry, the introduction of
“bootcut pants” represents not just an expansion of their product range but also an endeavor
to meet and potentially shape consumer preferences. Crafting a research plan for this purpose
involves a multi-faceted approach, focusing on the intricate details of the demographic,
psychographic, and behavioral characteristics of the target market. This plan will leverage a
combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods to gather comprehensive
, paving the way for future endeavors in the ever-evolving world of fashion.
Q3. Redefining the Airport Security Experience
An international airport has been facing challenges with its current security
screening process. Passengers often experience long wait times, frustration, and
confusion during security checks. The airport authorities are keen on improving the
overall experience while maintaining high-security standards.
Design Thinking Approach
Empathize: To understand the passengers’ pain points, a design thinking team
conducted interviews, observations, and surveys. They discovered that passengers felt
anxious due to unclear instructions, inconsistent procedures, and a lack of human touch
during the process. Define: The team identified key issues, such as a need for
clearer communication, streamlined processes, and a friendlier atmosphere. They
framed the problem as “How might we enhance the airport security process to make it
more efficient, reassuring, and passenger-friendly?”
Ideate: Through brainstorming sessions, the team generated ideas such as interactive
screens with step-by-step instructions, designated support staff to assist nervous
passengers, and a reward system for efficient and cooperative travelers.
Prototype: A small-scale prototype of the interactive screens and support staff was
implemented in one security checkpoint. The team collected feedback from passengers
to refine the design further.
Test: Based on the feedback, adjustments were made to the prototype. The revised
approach demonstrated a significant improvement in passenger satisfaction and
efficiency.
a. How did the design thinking team ensure they truly understood the passengers’ needs
and concerns during the Empathize stage? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The design thinking approach begins with a crucial phase known as Empathize, which aims
to deeply understand the users’ experiences, needs, and concerns. In the context of redefining
the airport security experience, the design thinking team employed a variety of methods to
ensure they captured the essence of passengers’ frustrations and anxieties. This phase is
foundational, setting the stage for all subsequent steps in the design thinking process by
b. What role did prototyping play in the design thinking process, and how did it
contribute to the success of the project? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Prototyping is a pivotal phase in the design thinking process, serving as the bridge between
ideation and the final solution. It allows teams to transform abstract ideas into tangible
experiences, enabling them to test and refine their concepts based on real user feedback. In
the context of enhancing the airport security experience, prototyping played a critical role in
Digital Marketing
April 2024 Examination
1. Success online is measured in terms of likes, the number of views of a video, the
number of app downloads and building engaging communities. How can these be
converted into paying customers? Support your answer with examples of companies
that have succeeded in their efforts. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Success online can often be measured using metrics like likes, video views and app
downloads as measures of success. Furthermore, online communities that foster engagement
offer valuable evidence of online success as measures as well. These metrics serve as key
measures of brand visibility, user engagement, and virality – essential aspects in building the
digital footprint of any brand. However, most businesses also aim not only to attract a large
following but convert this audience into paying customers as soon as possible. Conversion
involves strategic planning, targeted marketing strategies and creating value propositions that
resonate with audiences. Companies such as Spotify, Dropbox and Adobe have proven
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2. Critically examine the statement that, “digital marketing strategy is an approach that
will support marketing and business objectives through the application of digital
technology platforms”. Does that have a larger purpose? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Digital marketing strategy, at its core, is a comprehensive plan that leverages digital
technology platforms to achieve specific marketing and broader business objectives. This
statement underscores the symbiotic relationship between digital marketing and the overall
strategic goals of a business. In an era where technology pervades every aspect of life, digital
platforms offer unparalleled opportunities for brands to connect with their audience,
understand consumer behavior, and drive engagement in ways traditional marketing channels
cannot. The strategic integration of digital tools—ranging from social media to analytics—
enables businesses to create targeted, data-driven campaigns that align with their mission and
3.a) Influencer marketing has gained huge traction in recent years. Among
Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Snapchat which one is the most preferred
option for influencer marketing and why? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Influencer marketing has emerged as a powerful tool in the digital marketing arsenal,
leveraging the reach and credibility of individuals with significant online followings to drive
brand awareness, engagement, and conversions. The choice of platform for influencer
marketing depends on various factors, including the target audience, content format, and
campaign objectives. Among Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Snapchat, one
b) Flipkart, Amazon, Snapdeal, Myntra, and Nykaa are online/digital brands that
advertise on traditional media like newspaper, television, and billboards. Why do
online/digital brands advertise on traditional media when they can easily resort to
digital marketing? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In an age where digital platforms have revolutionized how brands connect with their
audience, it may seem counterintuitive for online/digital brands like Flipkart, Amazon,
Snapdeal, Myntra, and Nykaa to invest in traditional media advertising. This strategy,
however, underscores a multifaceted approach to marketing that leverages the unique
strengths of both digital and traditional channels. Despite the global shift towards digital,
Emerging Trends in Accountancy
April 2024 Examination
1. Matrix Accounting Solutions (MAS), a prestigious accounting firm, is known for
embracing technology to enhance its services and streamline operations. With the rapid
evolution of digital technologies, MAS sees a tremendous opportunity in harnessing the
power of the Internet of Things (IoT) to revolutionize its accounting practices. The firm
recognizes that understanding the concept of IoT and its specific role in accountancy is
essential for staying ahead in the ever-changing landscape of accounting trends. As part
of its commitment to innovation, the firm is exploring the potential of the Internet of
Things (IoT) to redefine its approach to financial management. MAS aims to transform
its operations and elevate its position in the competitive accounting industry through the
use of IoT in its processes.
Within the context of MAS’s digital transformation goals, explain the concept of the
Internet of Things (IoT) and the enabling technologies of IoT. Discuss in detail the role
of IoT in the firm’s accountancy practices. Discuss the potential advantages of IoT for
MAS. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
In the fast-paced world of accountancy, Matrix Accounting Solutions (MAS) is taking a
proactive approach to embrace technological advancements. Recognizing the transformative
potential of the Internet of Things (IoT), MAS is gearing up to revolutionize its accounting
practices. IoT, a paradigm that connects physical devices and enables them to communicate
and share data, has become a focal point for innovation across industries. For MAS,
integrating IoT into its operations marks a strategic move to stay ahead in the dynamic
landscape of accounting trends. This initiative underscores MAS’s commitment to leveraging
technology for enhanced services and streamlined operations, ultimately aiming to elevate its
position in the competitive accounting industry.
Concept explain the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the enabling technologies of
IoT. Discuss in detail the role of IoT in the firm’s accountancy practices. Discuss the potential
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2. InterStellar Electronics is a multinational electronics manufacturer with a diverse
product portfolio ranging from smartphones to smart appliances. The company’s
exponential growth has led to operational challenges arising from disconnected
processes, disparate systems, and inefficient data sharing. To address these issues and
streamline operations, InterStellar Electronics is considering the implementation of an
Integrated Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system.
InterStellar Electronics operates in a fast-paced industry where innovation and
efficiency are paramount. The company recognizes that its current siloed systems
hinder collaboration, data accuracy, and decision-making. In response, the company is
evaluating the adoption of an Integrated ERP system that will unite various
functions such as manufacturing, procurement, inventory management, and financial
accounting. This move aligns with the company’s commitment to harnessing
technology for operational excellence and staying ahead in the competitive market.
Considering InterStellar Electronics’ goal of operational efficiency, explain the
concept of an Integrated Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system. Elaborate on the
features that define an ideal ERP system. Provide specific examples from
InterStellar Electronics’ situation to highlight the importance of features such as
centralized data management, real-time information sharing, process automation, and
analytics. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
In the rapidly evolving landscape of the business world, companies are increasingly
recognizing the significance of Integrated Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems to
overcome operational challenges and foster efficiency. InterStellar Electronics, a
multinational electronics manufacturer, is poised to embrace this transformative technology
to address issues arising from disconnected processes, disparate systems, and inefficient data
sharing. In the pursuit of operational excellence and staying competitive in a fast-paced
industry, the company is evaluating the adoption of an ERP system. This move reflects the
broader trend where organizations are leveraging technology to streamline their operations
3. Jurassic Mart, a leading FMCG and consumer durable retailer, has established a
strong presence in the market. However, the company recognizes the need to
embrace modern technologies to remain competitive and enhance operational efficiency.
Jurassic Mart is exploring the integration of data analytics tools and AI- powered ERP
systems to optimize its retail processes.
Jurassic Mart operates in a dynamic retail industry where customer preferences and
market trends evolve rapidly. To keep pace with the changing landscape and ensure
efficient operations, the company is considering the adoption of data analytics tools for
insights into consumer behavior and inventory management. Additionally, Jurassic
Mart is exploring AI-integrated ERP solutions to streamline accounting tasks, inventory
tracking, and supply chain management. The company’s leadership believes that these
technologies will play a pivotal role in maintaining Jurassic Mart’s competitive edge.
a. Considering Jurassic Mart’s need for consumer insights and inventory management,
explain the four main types of data analytic tools. Illustrate how each of these type of
analytics tools can help Jurassic Mart gain insights into consumer behavior, optimize
inventory levels, and make informed strategic decisions. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
In the ever-evolving landscape of the retail industry, companies like Jurassic Mart are
recognizing the imperative of integrating modern technologies to stay competitive and
enhance operational efficiency. Jurassic Mart, a prominent FMCG and consumer durable
retailer, is exploring the integration of data analytics tools and AI-powered ERP systems to
b. In the context of Jurassic Mart’s aspiration to streamline its retail operations, explain
the accounting tasks that can be performed by AI-integrated expert systems.
Illustrate how these machines can automate tasks such as real-time inventory tracking,
financial reporting, and supply chain management. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Jurassic Mart, a prominent FMCG and consumer durable retailer, is poised to enhance its
operational efficiency and competitiveness by exploring the integration of AI-integrated
expert systems. In the dynamic retail industry, where rapid adaptability is essential, the
utilization of such advanced technologies can significantly streamline various accounting
Entrepreneurship Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. A traditional brick and mortar store is struggling to compete with online retailers.
Propose an innovative business model that could help the store stay relevant and
competitive in digital age. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the digital age, traditional brick-and-mortar stores face an unprecedented challenge from
online retailers, who offer convenience, variety, and often lower prices. However, the tactile
experience and personal touch offered by physical stores are irreplaceable assets that can be
leveraged to stay relevant and competitive. This essay proposes an innovative business model
that integrates digital technology with the unique advantages of physical stores, aiming to
create a seamless omnichannel experience for customers. By embracing digital
transformation, personalization, and community engagement, traditional stores can not only
survive but thrive in the digital landscape. This model focuses on enhancing customer
engagement, leveraging data analytics for personalized offerings, and creating an ecosystem
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Q2. Mr. Ajay runs a project management firm. He has got three different
entrepreneurial projects but his firm can take up only one project. How does Mr. Ajay
identify and evaluate potential entrepreneurial projects? What criteria does he use to
prioritize projects in the early stages of entrepreneurship? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Entrepreneurship involves the discovery, evaluation, and exploitation of opportunities to
introduce new goods and services, processes, and organizational innovations. Mr. Ajay,
leading a project management firm, stands at a crossroads with three different entrepreneurial
projects in hand but with the capacity to pursue only one. The decision-making process for
Mr. Ajay involves a critical analysis and evaluation of these projects to identify the one that
not only aligns with his firm’s strategic objectives but also promises the highest potential for
success and growth. This process encompasses various criteria including market potential,
Q3. In a rapidly evolving technological landscape, the need for diversity and inclusion
has become more apparent than ever. This case study focuses on a program aimed at
fostering women entrepreneurship in the tech industry. The program, named
“TechSheRise,” was initiated by a collaboration between a government agency, tech
companies, and non-profit organizations. The goal of TechSheRise is to address the
gender gap in the tech sector by providing support, mentorship, and resources to
women entrepreneurs.
TechSheRise started by identifying the challenges that women face in the tech
entrepreneurial space. These challenges included a lack of access to funding, limited
networking opportunities, and gender biases. To overcome these obstacles, the program
offers financial assistance, mentorship from successful women in the industry, and
networking events. Additionally, workshops on leadership, technology trends, and
business strategy are organized regularly. Key Participants:
1. Government Agency: Provides funding and policy support for TechSheRise.
2.Tech Companies: Offer mentorship, financial support, and potential collaboration
opportunities.
3. Non-Profit Organizations: Contribute expertise in gender equality, organize
workshops, and support community outreach programs.
4.Women Entrepreneurs: Participants in TechSheRise, driving innovation and growth
in the tech sector.
a) What specific challenges do women entrepreneurs face in the tech sector, and how
does TechSheRise address these challenges? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The tech industry, known for its rapid innovation and growth, has historically presented
significant barriers for women entrepreneurs. These barriers range from systemic biases to
practical hurdles in accessing essential resources. “TechSheRise” emerges as a beacon of
hope and empowerment, aiming to dismantle these barriers through a collaborative effort
involving government agencies, tech companies, and non-profit organizations. By focusing
on the unique challenges faced by women in the tech entrepreneurial landscape, TechSheRise
b) Examine the role of government support in fostering women entrepreneurship. What
policies or actions can further enhance this support? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Government support plays a pivotal role in fostering women entrepreneurship, particularly in
sectors where they are underrepresented, such as technology. By implementing targeted
policies and actions, governments can create an ecosystem that not only encourages but also
sustains and scales women-led enterprises. This support is crucial in addressing systemic
barriers and unlocking the potential of women entrepreneurs, contributing to economic
Environment & Disaster Management
APRIL 2024 Examination
Q1. It has been observed that residents living in your neighborhood housing society
totaling nearly 1,000 households have been dumping their household waste into a
nearby dumping yard which is near to your society resulting in landscape spoilage,
filthy smell & proliferation of rodents. As a society secretary, propose 5 innovative ideas
to resolve this issue. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The escalating problem of waste disposal in our neighborhood, with nearly 1,000 households
contributing to the mounting refuse at the nearby dumping yard, has raised pressing concerns
over environmental degradation, health hazards, and aesthetic decline. This unsightly
accumulation not only mars the landscape but also emits a noxious odor and fosters a
breeding ground for rodents, posing significant health risks to the community. Addressing
this issue requires a multifaceted approach that transcends conventional waste management
practices. Innovative solutions are imperative to mitigate the environmental impact, enhance
community health and well-being, and foster a culture of sustainability. As the society
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Q2. New Delhi recently hosted the prestigious International summit of G-20 where some
of the most influential global leaders attended the summit. The entire city was decked
up during the September event with a lot of emphasis around greenery aspects. Yet,
during the winter months, New Delhi is touted as a very difficult city to live for both
residents & visitors alike owing to Air pollution matters. You are an Environmental
consultant & have been invited by the Central Government officials to help tackle this
issue on a war footing basis. Propose 5 concrete solutions to tackle & mitigate the
negative effects arising out of this issue which is also long-term & sustainable as well.
(10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Air pollution in New Delhi, especially during the winter months, has escalated to a public
health crisis, impacting millions of residents and visitors alike. The city’s struggle with smog,
particulate matter, and other pollutants significantly deteriorates the quality of life, posing
severe health risks and economic implications. As an environmental consultant, addressing
this issue requires a multifaceted approach, leveraging sustainable and long-term strategies to
combat the sources of pollution. The recent attention garnered during the G-20 summit,
where New Delhi showcased its green initiatives, underscores the urgent need for concerted
efforts in environmental governance. This proposal aims to outline sustainable solutions that
Q3. Mumbai’s Municipal body BMC namely the Brihanmumbai Mahanagar
Corporation has appointed you as an expert on Environmental matters.
a. One of Mumbai’s local landfill sites located at Deonar is overflowing with tonnes of
garbage & has turned into a garbage mountain. Propose 3 immediate & innovative
mechanisms to quickly address this issue. This landfill site has been the scene of past
fires owing to respiratory issues for residents living in the neighbourhood & also
has been left largely unattended to. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The overflowing landfill site at Deonar in Mumbai presents a pressing environmental and
public health challenge, exacerbated by past fires and neglect. As an expert on environmental
matters appointed by BMC (Brihanmumbai Mahanagar Corporation), addressing this issue
requires immediate action and innovative solutions to mitigate the risks posed to residents
b. One of Mumbai’s water bodies namely the Banganga tank located at South
Mumbai has been witness to a lot of dead fish owing to dumping of solid waste into this
water body by local slum dwellers & residents. Propose 2 new innovative mechanisms to
solve this issue. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The Banganga tank in South Mumbai, once a serene water body, is now facing significant
environmental degradation due to the dumping of solid waste, leading to the death of fish and
threatening the ecosystem’s health. As an expert on environmental matters, it is imperative to
devise innovative mechanisms to address this issue and restore the ecological balance of the
Essentials of IT
April 2024 Examination
Question 1: 1. Create a line chart to visualize the trend in the number of “Impressions”
over the six months. Label the axes appropriately.
2. Create a scatter plot to show the relationship between the “Impressions” and
“Clicks.” Each point on the scatter plot represents a month. Label the axes
accordingly.
3. Generate a bar chart to compare the “Conversions” for each month. Use the
“Month” as the x-axis and “Conversions” as the y-axis
Introduction
The success of a marketing campaign relies significantly on comprehending and evaluating
its overall performance indicators. As a data analyst for an advertising company, I have been
assigned to examine the results of a six-month promotional campaign for a newly launched
product. The dataset contains essential information, including the monthly Impressions,
Clicks, and Conversion figures. This file allows us to explore the knowledge obtained from
this information by using visual representations such as line charts, scatter plots, and bar
charts.
The marketing effort sought to enhance product awareness and engagement by increasing
click-through rates and ultimately driving conversions. By displaying patterns and
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Question 2: You are a software developer working on a project to build an e-commerce
website for a client. The website will handle a large volume of product listings, customer
data, and sales transactions. Your client is curious about the importance of the role of a
Database Management System (DBMS) in this project and wants to understand the
critical aspects of DML and DDL. Write a response to your client’s inquiry
Introduction
Dear,
I trust that this correspondence reaches you in good health. Your dedication to understanding
the need for a Database Management System (DBMS) in our e-commerce website project is
admirable. Let us examine a crucial function of a vital Database Management System
(DBMS): the ability to handle extensive product listings, consumer statistics, and revenue
transactions.
The DBMS is the core of our purpose, providing a single repository for efficiently organizing
and storing data. The software’s capacity to arrange and classify information into tables is
highly beneficial, as it guarantees logical organization and, unless there are issues, retrieval of
Question 3. A: Using the provided dataset, perform the following calculations and
analysis using Excel functions: (5 marks)
1. Calculate the average monthly Revenue for the months presented in the table
(January-June).
2. Find the maximum monthly profit and identify the month in which it occurred.
3. Determine the minimum monthly expenses and identify the month in which they
occurred.
4. Calculate the total profit for the months presented in the table (January-June).
5. Compute the percentage change in Revenue from May to June.
Introduction
Examining the monetary statistics from January to June provides valuable insights into the
employer’s overall performance. The main discoveries are as follows:
The monthly revenue consistently increased, reaching its highest point at $8,500 in June. This
trend represents a remarkable surge in sales and is a crucial measure for evaluating the firm’s
financial well-being.
Concept and Application
The highest monthly profits of $3,600 were achieved in June, indicating a remarkable
Question 3. B: Q 3. b) You are working as an intern in a finance department, and your
supervisor has asked you to create a sample spreadsheet using Microsoft Excel to
demonstrate various cell formatting styles. Your supervisor wants to see how different
formatting options can be applied to improve the presentation of financial data. Below,
you have been provided with a set of dummy data that you will use to apply different
cell formatting styles.
Introduction
In the ever-changing world of finance, effective data visualization is crucial for promoting
understanding and informed decision-making. As an intern in the finance department, I
produced a pattern spreadsheet using Microsoft Excel to demonstrate the usefulness of
various cell formatting patterns in enhancing the presentation of financial data.
Concept and Application
a. Earnings Margin Calculation:
By including the income margin calculation, the spreadsheet is enhanced with a vital measure
Financial Institution & Markets
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Mr. Arun retired from service as an associate professor. He received a lump sum
amount of Rs 50 lacs as retirement benefits. He intends to invest the amount in the best
possible way. He approaches you as a financial expert to seek advice on Derivatives
Instruments. Discuss with him about the various derivative instrument in details. (10
Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Derivative instruments are financial contracts whose value is derived from the performance of
underlying entities such as assets, indexes, or interest rates. These instruments are pivotal in
the modern financial landscape, offering investors and institutions a variety of mechanisms
for hedging, speculation, and arbitrage. As Mr. Arun considers investing his retirement
benefits, understanding the nuances of these instruments is crucial. Derivatives come in
several forms, including futures, options, swaps, and forwards, each serving different
investment objectives and risk profiles. They enable investors to manage financial risks more
effectively by locking in prices, leveraging positions, and diversifying portfolios. For
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Q2. Mr. Prakash wants to start up his venture. He has no idea about the investment
stages, which forms the building block for the start-up business and hence seeks help
from his financial advisor Mr. Sharma. Discuss and make him aware about the different
stages of venture capital financing to Mr. Prakash (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Venture capital financing is a pivotal engine that drives the growth and innovation of startups,

offering not just capital but valuable guidance and network access to emerging
companies. For entrepreneurs like Mr. Prakash, understanding the different stages of this
financing can be the cornerstone of their business journey. Essentially, venture capital
involves investing in start-ups and small businesses with strong growth potential, in exchange
for equity, or partial ownership of the company. This process is not linear but comprises
various stages, each tailored to the specific needs and maturity of the business. From the
academic but a practical guide that shapes the trajectory of his entrepreneurial venture.
Q3. “Credit rating is an estimate of borrower’s credit worthiness in general and is used
by investors, intermediaries such as investment banks, issuers of debt, and businesses
and corporations”
(a) With the above statement keeping in mind. Explain what is meant by credit rating
and discuss any four-credit agencies in India and the various roles played by them.
(5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Credit rating serves as a pivotal indicator of a borrower’s financial health and capability to
repay debts. It is a comprehensive evaluation of the credit risk associated with a borrower,
which includes individuals, corporations, state governments, or sovereign countries. This
rating, represented through a standardized scale, influences the borrower’s access to capital
markets and the terms under which they can borrow. It is a critical tool for investors, financial
diverse yet unified approach towards understanding and mitigating financial risk, ultimately.
(b) Evaluate PNB Scam (Punjab National Bank) and discuss the various aspect of the
fraud in your own words. (Mention about the fraud allegation, how the fraud came to
light and the various factors responsible for this fraud). (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The Punjab National Bank (PNB) scam, uncovered in 2018, stands as one of the most
significant financial frauds in India, involving an alleged $2 billion. This scandal not only
shook the Indian banking sector but also raised questions about the effectiveness of the
regulatory and oversight mechanisms in place. The fraud centered around the issuance of
unauthorized Letters of Undertaking (LoUs) that facilitated international transactions without
Financial Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Enumerate/Elaborate about perpetuity and annuity with the help of examples. Also,
explain the different formula, which are used for calculating perpetuity and annuity.
(10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the vast expanse of financial management, understanding the concepts of perpetuity and
annuity is paramount for both individuals and organizations aiming to make informed
investment and financing decisions. These financial tools, though simple in their essence,
form the bedrock for complex financial calculations and strategies. Perpetuity refers to an
endless sequence of cash flows that continue infinitely, often used to value assets that
generate consistent returns over time without an end, such as dividends from preferred stocks.
Annuity, on the other hand, is a series of fixed payments made over a specified period. It is a
fundamental concept in retirement planning, loans, and insurance policies, where regular
payments or receipts occur over time. Both concepts utilize distinct formulas to calculate the
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Q2. As per the latest annual report Godrej Ltd, the company has an outstanding debt of
Rs. 25, 00,000 and equity capital valued at Rs. 5, 00,000. During that period, the
company has incurred Rs. 200,000 as interest expense on its debt. The risk-free rate of
return is 5%, the market return is 12% and the company’s beta is 1.5x. Calculate
WACC based on the given information and if the tax rate is 30% (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) is a fundamental financial metric used by
companies to evaluate the cost of securing funding through both debt and equity. This
calculation is crucial for making informed investment decisions, as it helps in determining the
minimum return a company must earn on its existing asset base to satisfy its creditors,
owners, and other capital providers. In the context of Godrej Ltd, a leading conglomerate
with a diverse portfolio, understanding the WACC is particularly significant. The company’s
financial structure, as revealed in its latest annual report, indicates an outstanding debt of Rs.
Q3. Solve the below given cases:
a. At the age of 40 years, Nirmit will receive Rs. 20,000,000. He is currently
30 years old. If the current interest rate is 7%, calculate the present value. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
In financial planning, understanding the concept of present value is crucial for evaluating
future cash flows. Present value calculations allow individuals to assess the current worth of
future sums of money, factoring in the time value of money. In this case, Nirmit, aged 30, is
set to receive Rs. 20,000,000 at the age of 40. Given an interest rate of 7%, we aim to
b. If Rajeev invests Rs. 10, 00,000 in a PPF that yields 18% interest, what is the future
value of the PPF after ten years? (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Investing in financial instruments like Public Provident Fund (PPF) is a popular choice for
individuals looking for secure long-term investments with attractive returns. In this scenario,
Rajeev invests Rs. 10,00,000 in a PPF account with an interest rate of 18%. The future value
of his investment after ten years is essential for Rajeev to assess the growth of his wealth over
time. By understanding the concept of compound interest and the workings of PPF, we can
Financial Statement Analysis
April 2024 Examination
Q1. XYZ reported a net income of $ 5,000,000 over the years. For that year weighted
average number common shares outstanding was 2,000,000. XYZ also had 30,000
convertible preferred shares outstanding on which it paid a dividend of $10 per share.
Each of these are convertible into 2 shares of common stock. Define the concept of EPS,
calculate basic EPS and if the last year EPS is $5.5 per share against current year EPS,
Interpret the findings. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Earnings Per Share (EPS) is a vital metric in financial analysis, offering insights into a
company’s profitability on a per-share basis. It serves as a barometer for investors, indicating
the amount of net income a company earns for each share of its stock, thus reflecting the
company’s financial health and efficiency in generating profits. The calculation of EPS can be
basic or diluted, considering the company’s potential shares from convertible instruments.
XYZ’s financial performance, showcasing a net income of $5,000,000 with 2,000,000
weighted average number of common shares and additional convertible preferred shares, sets
the stage for a nuanced examination of its EPS. By comparing the current year’s EPS with the
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Q2. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are accounting concepts that arise
due to differences between the treatment of certain transactions for financial reporting
purposes and tax reporting purposes. These differences occur because accounting
principles (Generally Accepted Accounting Principles or International Financial
Reporting Standards) and tax regulations follow different rules and standards.
Differentiate between Deferred Tax Assets and Deferred Tax Liabilities with
suitable examples. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities represent significant elements of financial
reporting, bridging the gap between accounting practices and tax regulations. These concepts
emerge from timing and recognition differences in income and expenses as per accounting
principles like Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) or International Financial
Reporting Standards (IFRS) and the respective tax laws. The essence of these deferred tax
elements lies in their capacity to reflect future tax effects of current transactions, providing a
more accurate picture of a company’s financial health. Understanding these elements is
crucial for stakeholders to assess the temporal financial implications and tax obligations or
Q3. These selected condensed data are taken from a recent balance sheet of Sambhav
Realities (Rs in crores)
PARTICULARS
AMOUNT
Cash
29.3
Debtors
20.5
Inventory
28.7
Prepaid expenses
24
Outstanding payments
15.5
Trade payables
30.7
Unpaid taxes
25
Loan taken for construction of building for 11
months
50
a. Discuss about current assets and current liabilities, classify the above into current
assets and current liabilities. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the financial analysis of a company, understanding the composition of current assets and
current liabilities is crucial. These elements are essential for assessing a company’s short-term
financial health and liquidity. Current assets are resources expected to be converted into cash
or used up within one year or one operating cycle, whichever is longer. Conversely, current
b. Calculate the working capital and current ratio. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Working capital and the current ratio are fundamental indicators of a company’s financial
health, particularly its liquidity and short-term operational efficiency. Working capital
represents the difference between a company’s current assets and current liabilities, indicating
the funds available for day-to-day operations. The current ratio, calculated as current assets
divided by current liabilities, measures a company’s ability to cover its short-term obligations
Fundamentals of Taxation
April 2024 Examination
Q1. The Income Tax Act 1961 defines and describes various terms. While reading and
making interpretations it’s important that these definitions to be adhered. In general,
Assessee and persons are used interchangeably but the Income Tax Act differentiate
between the two. Discuss, in the light of provisions of the Income Tax Act, 1961, how these
differs. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The Income Tax Act of 1961 in India serves as a cornerstone in the realm of taxation, outlining
the legal framework and definitions pivotal for the appropriate levy and collection of income tax.
Central to this framework is the precise interpretation of terms defined within the Act, which is
crucial for ensuring compliance and legal accuracy. Among the myriad terms, the distinction
between ‘Assessee’ and ‘Person’ holds significant importance. While often used interchangeably
in common parlance, the Act provides distinct definitions for each, reflecting the nuanced
approach required in tax law. Understanding this distinction is not merely an academic exercise;
it forms the foundation for determining tax liability and the scope of taxation. This essay delves
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Q2. Ms. Elizabeth Miller is an American citizen. She always dreamt of visiting India. She
came to India on 5 August 2022 and visited four states. She finally left for America on 25
December 2022. What will be her residential status for the subsequent assessment year?
Identify the assessment year and previous year as per the Income Tax Act, Discuss the
relevant provision mentioning the categories of residential status of individuals, application
and conclusion in the given case. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The concept of residential status under tax laws is pivotal in determining a person’s tax liability
in a given country. In the context of Ms. Elizabeth Miller, an American citizen who spent a
significant amount of time in India during the year 2022, the determination of her residential
status is essential to understand her tax obligations under the Indian Income Tax Act. The
assessment of an individual’s residential status involves a careful examination of their physical
presence in the country during the relevant financial year and is governed by specific rules
outlined in the Act. This analysis is crucial as it dictates the scope of taxable income in India. In
Q3. In September 2021, in the context of India, an individual taxpayer has the option to
choose between the old tax regime and the new tax regime introduced by the government.
Eligible taxpayers, including salaried individuals and pensioners, can choose between these
two regimes every financial year based on their preference and tax-saving requirements.
Once a taxpayer selects a specific regime for a particular financial year, it remains
applicable for that year and can be changed in subsequent years.
When deciding between the old and new tax regimes, individuals must carefully evaluate
their financial situation, investment plans, and potential tax-saving opportunities. Those
with substantial deductions under the old regime or specific financial goals to be achieved
through investments may find it more beneficial to stick with the old regime. Conversely,
taxpayers seeking simplicity and lower tax rates may opt for the new tax regime.
An individual can choose the new tax regime against the old tax regime.
a) List down at least 10 such exemptions/ deductions. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The introduction of the new tax regime in India in 2021 brought with it significant changes to the
tax landscape. Under this regime, taxpayers, including salaried individuals and pensioners, are
presented with an option to choose between the old and new tax structures each financial year.
This decision is crucial as it impacts their overall tax liability. The old tax regime offers various
exemptions and deductions, which can significantly reduce taxable income. It’s essential for
b) Discuss any five such exemptions/deductions that the tax payer will have to give up
while choosing the new tax regime. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Choosing the new tax regime under India’s tax laws involves relinquishing several exemptions
and deductions available under the old regime. This decision can have significant implications on
a taxpayer’s overall tax liability. The new regime offers simplified tax calculations with lower tax
rates, but at the cost of giving up certain tax-saving benefits. It is crucial for taxpayers to
understand which exemptions and deductions they will forego and assess whether the trade-off is
Human Resource Management
April 2024 Examination
1. Call centers often experience costly, high turnover. These centers, which handle
everything from computer help desk functions to processing of mortgage applications,
have been described as white-collar factories. Large numbers of employees work in
cubicles, responding to phone calls all day, often from upset customers. Often they have
quotas for the volume and types of calls they handle each day. It is more important to
design these jobs to increase efficiency or motivation? As a manager, prepare a job
description with necessary changes in the present condition. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The challenge of high turnover in call centers is a critical issue that plagues the industry,
resulting in significant operational costs and disruptions. These centers, often likened to
white-collar factories, place employees in cubicles to handle a wide array of customer
interactions, from technical support to financial services. The nature of this work—dealing
with high call volumes, sometimes from disgruntled customers, under strict performance
quotas—can lead to employee dissatisfaction and burnout. This context raises a pivotal
question for managers: should the focus be on enhancing job efficiency or on boosting
employee motivation? This dilemma underscores the need for a strategic approach in job
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2. Marketing Manager of Cipla Pharmaceutical company identifies the performance
deficiency in his medical representatives. Which training programme will you suggest
for the medical representatives? Why? Explain meticulously. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The pharmaceutical industry is a highly competitive and dynamic field where the
performance of medical representatives (MRs) plays a pivotal role in the success of
companies like Cipla Pharmaceutical. These representatives are the primary touchpoint
between the company and the healthcare professionals, making their effectiveness crucial for
promoting products, conveying value propositions, and ultimately driving sales. However,
identifying a performance deficiency in MRs signals a critical need for intervention through
tailored training programs. The selection of an appropriate training program is not just about
addressing current gaps but also about empowering MRs for future challenges. This process
3. Raw Mango is a reputed multinational company. It considers selection as an event in
the total process of acquiring and developing managers. The company believes that the
selection process must be consistent with other events in the total process for it to be
effective. It has been one of the most favoured companies by the prospective candidates
for managerial position. The selection process of the company can be broken into three
steps: such as- Screening of application forms, preliminary interview, and final
selection.
Screening of Applications Forms:
In the first step, the company usually receives a large number of applications for the
positions advertised or through campus interview. Thereafter such applications are
screened. The company believes that to select a candidate it will not be enough to see the
application forms only, which may not be very reliable measure to select or reject the
candidate. This calls for a brief preliminary interview to be held by company to get the
best talents.
Preliminary interview:
Preliminary interview is conducted for about ten to twenty minutes usually by one
manager. During this brief personal contract, some time is spent in discussing the
nature of the job, the future career possibility of the applicant and the company’s policy
in this regard.
Final Selection:
Final selection process is quite elaborate. This stage consists of two aspects-groups
discussion and final interview. The board evaluates the candidates along the following
factors: Style of self-introduction by the candidate, his general knowledge and
knowledge of his subject, clarity of thought and logic, lucidity of expression, tolerance of
others views, persuasiveness and leadership qualities.
After the group discussion, personal interview is conducted by the board. On the
completion of the individual interviews, the board members held discussion among
them and then arrive at a consensus.
a. Explain in detail the other steps involved in the process of selection along with the
ones mentioned above. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The selection process is a critical aspect of human resource management, especially for a
multinational company like Raw Mango, known for its rigorous approach to identifying and
nurturing managerial talent. This process is not just about filling vacancies but about finding
individuals who align with the company’s vision, culture, and long-term objectives. Raw
Mango’s selection procedure, comprising screening of application forms, preliminary
b. Discuss the barriers, which Raw Mango might face in the Selection. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the intricate process of talent acquisition, even a multinational company like Raw Mango,
renowned for its methodical selection process, may encounter various barriers. These
obstacles can hinder the company’s ability to identify and secure the most suitable candidates
for managerial roles, affecting the efficiency and effectiveness of the selection process.
Understanding these barriers is crucial for Raw Mango to devise strategies to mitigate them,
International Business & Export Import Management
April 2024 Examination
1. You are working as an EXIM Manager in an international organization. A Finance
Manager has joined your organization and met you during his induction programme.
He requests you to brief him on Foreign Trade in India. Give a small write up on
Foreign Trade in India. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
Foreign trade plays a pivotal role in shaping the economic landscape of India, contributing
significantly to its growth and development. India has a rich history of engaging in
international trade, dating back to ancient times when it was a prominent player along the Silk
Route. Over the years, foreign trade has evolved, and India has emerged as a key player in the
global market. As an EXIM Manager in this dynamic landscape, understanding the intricacies
of foreign trade is crucial for effective decision-making and strategic planning.
Concept and application
Foreign trade in India is a multifaceted concept that encompasses the exchange of goods and
services across international borders. The country’s approach to foreign trade has evolved over
the years, driven by historical, economic, and policy factors. Understanding the key
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2. You handle international purchases in an organization. Company has recruited a
team of 3 staff under you to expand your dept. Your boss advises you to give a small pep
talk to these 3 staff about Global Sourcing. Please explain them the different steps
involved in the procurement cycle of global purchase. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Global sourcing is a critical aspect of international business and plays a pivotal role in the
success of an organization operating on a global scale. As the head of the international
purchases department, it is crucial to guide and inspire our newly recruited team to understand
the intricacies of global sourcing. In today’s dynamic business environment, companies are
increasingly relying on global procurement to access cost-effective resources, diverse
suppliers, and innovative technologies. This necessitates a comprehensive understanding of
the procurement cycle involved in global purchases.
In this pep talk, we will delve into the various steps of the global procurement cycle,
3. Your company has got an enquiry for export. The importer asks your company to
select an incoterm between FOB and CIF. You are asked to explain the following to the
Management to understand the terms better:
a) What is INCOTERM? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
International commercial transactions involve various complexities, and Incoterms
(International Commercial Terms) play a pivotal role in defining the responsibilities and
obligations of buyers and sellers. When faced with the choice between Free On Board (FOB)
and Cost, Insurance, and Freight (CIF) incoterms, it becomes crucial for the management to
have a clear understanding of these terms to make informed decisions and ensure smooth
b) Explain FOB and CIF (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In international trade, the choice between Free On Board (FOB) and Cost, Insurance, and
Freight (CIF) Incoterms is a critical decision that influences the distribution of responsibilities
and risks between buyers and sellers. Understanding the nuances of FOB and CIF is essential
International Marketing
April 2024 Examination
Q1. In 2008 Tata Motors paid the Ford Motor Company $2.3 billion for UK based
automakers Land Rover and Jaguar. Ford had acquired Jaguar in 1989, as it lacked a
high end luxury model. Tata Motors was also reeling under the global recession crisis of
2008 and was facing a slump in demand for cars in India. In fact in its first year of
ownership it lost $500 million on Jaguar Land Rover. Then, as global economy
rebounded so did sales of luxury cars. After almost 15 years of acquisition do you think
JLR has prospered under the ownership of TATA motors? Are they facing challenges of
new market entry? What are the other challenges faced by TATA motors? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The acquisition of Jaguar Land Rover (JLR) by Tata Motors in 2008 marked a significant
milestone in the global automotive industry, particularly in the context of international
marketing and corporate strategy. This move, executed amidst the challenging backdrop of
the 2008 global financial crisis, represented not only a bold expansion for an Indian
multinational into the luxury car segment but also a significant shift in the dynamics of the
automotive industry. Tata Motors, a dominant player in the Indian market known for its
robust, economical models, ventured into uncharted territory with the acquisition of two
iconic luxury brands. This strategic decision was fraught with risks and opportunities,
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Q2. Starbucks takes coffee culture around the world! (10 Marks)
There were 35,711 thousand Starbucks stores worldwide in 2022. This figure also
included other segments owned by the coffee-chain such as Siren Retail. Starbucks units
have grown almost every year over the past decade. The only drop was in 2009, most
likely due to the global financial crisis. Global expansion has ultimately allowed the
coffee-chain to almost double its number of locations over the past 10 years.
When looking at Starbucks stores by country the most Starbucks stores were located in
the U.S., the company’s home nation. In 2022, there were more than 15 thousand
Starbucks locations in the U.S. alone. While the U.S. has the most stores, in recent years
the company’s international presence has shown tremendous growth. As a result, in
2018, for the first time, there were more international Starbucks stores than in the U.S.
– a gap which has widened considerably.
What is the market expansion strategy of Starbucks? It was only in 2018 Starbucks
entered Italy. What were the challenges faced by Starbucks to enter Italy? After 5 years
in operations, do you think it was a right decision to enter Italian shores?
Ans 2.
Introduction
Starbucks, a global coffee giant, exemplifies a remarkable journey in international market
expansion, becoming a ubiquitous presence in the global coffee industry. With a footprint of
over 35,000 stores worldwide by 2022, Starbucks has demonstrated an impressive growth
trajectory, particularly in the last decade. This expansion is noteworthy given the only dip in
growth occurred during the 2009 financial crisis. The company’s strategic foray into various
international markets, including its entry into Italy in 2018, a nation with a deeply entrenched
coffee culture, reflects Starbucks’ nuanced approach to globalization. The decision to enter
Q3. Ikea is a global home furnishing brand. They have a vision to make life better for
their customers. As on Aug 2023, Ikea had 460 stores in 62 markets. The first Ikea store
was opened in 1958 in Sweden and the latest one is opened in Surabaya, Indonesia. It
started its
India operations by opening its first store in Hyderabad.
a) How important is to understand the culture of the country? Is it an essential step in
market research? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
Understanding the culture of a country is pivotal for any global brand like IKEA, especially
when it is expanding its reach into diverse markets. Culture encapsulates the shared values,
beliefs, behaviors, and artifacts making up a society’s way of life. It directly influences
consumer behavior, preferences, and expectations. For a home furnishing brand, where
products are intimately connected to customers’ lifestyles, comprehending the cultural
b. Do you think even the marketing campaigns of IKEA are impacted by the culture
difference. Elaborate with an example. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Marketing campaigns are the touchpoints through which a brand communicates its value
proposition to its target audience. For a global entity like IKEA, these campaigns must be
carefully tailored to align with the cultural fabric of each market. The effectiveness of
marketing strategies hinges on the brand’s ability to resonate with local cultural norms,
values, and consumer behavior. Cultural differences impact not only the messaging but also
International Marketing
April 2024 Examination
Q1. In 2008 Tata Motors paid the Ford Motor Company $2.3 billion for UK based
automakers Land Rover and Jaguar. Ford had acquired Jaguar in 1989, as it lacked a
high end luxury model. Tata Motors was also reeling under the global recession crisis of
2008 and was facing a slump in demand for cars in India. In fact in its first year of
ownership it lost $500 million on Jaguar Land Rover. Then, as global economy
rebounded so did sales of luxury cars. After almost 15 years of acquisition do you think
JLR has prospered under the ownership of TATA motors? Are they facing challenges of
new market entry? What are the other challenges faced by TATA motors? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The acquisition of Jaguar Land Rover (JLR) by Tata Motors in 2008 marked a significant
milestone in the global automotive industry, particularly in the context of international
marketing and corporate strategy. This move, executed amidst the challenging backdrop of
the 2008 global financial crisis, represented not only a bold expansion for an Indian
multinational into the luxury car segment but also a significant shift in the dynamics of the
automotive industry. Tata Motors, a dominant player in the Indian market known for its
robust, economical models, ventured into uncharted territory with the acquisition of two
iconic luxury brands. This strategic decision was fraught with risks and opportunities,
especially considering the economic turmoil of the time and Tata Motors’ relative
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Q2. Starbucks takes coffee culture around the world! (10 Marks)
There were 35,711 thousand Starbucks stores worldwide in 2022. This figure also
included other segments owned by the coffee-chain such as Siren Retail. Starbucks units
have grown almost every year over the past decade. The only drop was in 2009, most
likely due to the global financial crisis. Global expansion has ultimately allowed the
coffee-chain to almost double its number of locations over the past 10 years.
When looking at Starbucks stores by country the most Starbucks stores were located in
the U.S., the company’s home nation. In 2022, there were more than 15 thousand
Starbucks locations in the U.S. alone. While the U.S. has the most stores, in recent years
the company’s international presence has shown tremendous growth. As a result, in
2018, for the first time, there were more international Starbucks stores than in the U.S.
– a gap which has widened considerably.
What is the market expansion strategy of Starbucks? It was only in 2018 Starbucks
entered Italy. What were the challenges faced by Starbucks to enter Italy? After 5 years
in operations, do you think it was a right decision to enter Italian shores?
Ans 2.
Introduction
Starbucks, a global coffee giant, exemplifies a remarkable journey in international market
expansion, becoming a ubiquitous presence in the global coffee industry. With a footprint of
over 35,000 stores worldwide by 2022, Starbucks has demonstrated an impressive growth
trajectory, particularly in the last decade. This expansion is noteworthy given the only dip in
growth occurred during the 2009 financial crisis. The company’s strategic foray into various
international markets, including its entry into Italy in 2018, a nation with a deeply entrenched
coffee culture, reflects Starbucks’ nuanced approach to globalization. The decision to enter
the Italian market was a bold move, considering the unique challenges and the symbolic
Q3. Ikea is a global home furnishing brand. They have a vision to make life better for
their customers. As on Aug 2023, Ikea had 460 stores in 62 markets. The first Ikea store
was opened in 1958 in Sweden and the latest one is opened in Surabaya, Indonesia. It
started its
India operations by opening its first store in Hyderabad.
a) How important is to understand the culture of the country? Is it an essential step in
market research? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
Understanding the culture of a country is pivotal for any global brand like IKEA, especially
when it is expanding its reach into diverse markets. Culture encapsulates the shared values,
beliefs, behaviors, and artifacts making up a society’s way of life. It directly influences
consumer behavior, preferences, and expectations. For a home furnishing brand, where
products are intimately connected to customers’ lifestyles, comprehending the cultural
b. Do you think even the marketing campaigns of IKEA are impacted by the culture
difference. Elaborate with an example. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Marketing campaigns are the touchpoints through which a brand communicates its value
proposition to its target audience. For a global entity like IKEA, these campaigns must be
carefully tailored to align with the cultural fabric of each market. The effectiveness of
marketing strategies hinges on the brand’s ability to resonate with local cultural norms,
Introduction to Analytics
April 2024 Examination
1. In the context of the rapid growth of Big Data, explain how banks can leverage Big
Data analytics to enhance customer experience and achieve operational efficiency.
Provide an illustrative example demonstrating the efficacy of utilizing Big Data
analytics in the banking sector. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In an era dominated by the digital revolution, the banking sector stands at the forefront of a
transformative shift, driven largely by the rapid growth of Big Data. This proliferation of
data, characterized by its immense volume, velocity, and variety, offers unprecedented
opportunities for banks to redefine their customer relationships and streamline operations. By
harnessing the power of Big Data analytics, banks can gain deep insights into customer
behavior, preferences, and needs, enabling them to deliver personalized services that
significantly enhance the customer experience. Furthermore, Big Data analytics empowers
banks to optimize their operational processes, identify inefficiencies, and reduce costs,
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2. The landscape of manufacturing, from procurement of raw materials to
production, packaging, and delivery, has been revolutionized by digital-driven
processes. FMCG companies have embraced analytics across all operations,
transforming how they understand customers and manage supply chains. Elaborate on
how (Fast-Moving Consumer Goods) FMCG companies can leverage descriptive,
predictive, prescriptive, and diagnostic analytics to gain deeper customer insights and
enhance supply chain management. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the rapidly evolving landscape of Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) companies, the
integration of analytics has marked a paradigm shift in operational efficiency and customer
engagement. These organizations, which span a broad spectrum of products consumed daily,
have traditionally relied on historical sales data and market research to inform their strategies.
However, the advent of digital-driven processes has significantly expanded their capabilities.
By harnessing descriptive, predictive, prescriptive, and diagnostic analytics, FMCG
companies are now equipped to delve deeper into consumer behavior, optimize supply chain
operations, and foresee market trends with unprecedented precision. This integration of
analytics not only refines their understanding of customer needs but also enhances their
3. The healthcare industry is transforming significantly by integrating data analytics
and digital technologies. The increasing demand for analytics in healthcare has been
fueled by the need to improve patient outcomes, optimize operations, and enhance
overall healthcare delivery. However, despite the potential benefits, challenges arise due
to the complex nature of healthcare data, ethical considerations, and the potential biases
inherent in analytics algorithms.
a. What are the potential challenges in using data analytics in healthcare? Support your
viewpoint with an example. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The integration of data analytics into the healthcare industry marks a significant leap forward
in enhancing patient care, optimizing operational efficiency, and improving healthcare
delivery. This transformative shift is driven by the vast amounts of data generated within
healthcare systems, from patient records and treatment outcomes to operational logistics.
Despite the promising advantages, the application of data analytics in healthcare is not
b. Describe any six tools used to visualize healthcare data. What are the benefits of using
visualization tools? (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the realm of healthcare, data visualization tools play a crucial role in transforming complex
datasets into actionable insights. These tools are designed to help healthcare professionals,
administrators, and researchers interpret vast amounts of data efficiently, facilitating informed
decision-making and enhancing patient care. By presenting data in a visually engaging and
accessible format, these tools make it possible to identify trends, patterns, and outliers that
Macro Economics
April 2024 Examination
Q1. “Great Depression is one of the most significant historical event and has
significantly influenced several political, Economic and Social issues that have affected
our country”. In view to the above statement, elaborate about the Great Depression and
its impact on the global economy. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
The Great Depression, spanning from 1929 to the late 1930s, stands as a watershed moment
in economic history, significantly shaping the trajectory of nations worldwide. Originating in
the United States with the stock market crash of October 1929, its repercussions rippled
across the globe, ushering in a period of profound economic downturn. This catastrophic
event left an indelible mark on various facets of society, including politics, economics, and
social dynamics. By delving into the causes and consequences of the Great Depression, we
can glean valuable insights into understanding the vulnerabilities of economies and the
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Q2. “National income estimates are the most comprehensive measures of aggregate
economic activity in an economy. It is through such estimates that we know the
aggregate yield of the economy and can lay down future economic policy for
development”
With regard to the above statement, explain the various challenges and limitations in
measuring national income. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
National income estimates serve as crucial indicators of the overall economic performance of
a country, providing insights into its aggregate economic activity. They play a pivotal role in
guiding policymakers in formulating strategies for economic development. However, despite
their significance, measuring national income is not without challenges and limitations. This
essay aims to explore these challenges and limitations in detail, shedding light on the
complexities involved in accurately gauging the economic output of a nation.
Concept and discussion
Measuring national income is a fundamental aspect of macroeconomics, providing a snapshot
of a country’s economic performance over a specific period. However, the task is intricate due
Q3 a. You are given the following data. Calculate GNP and GDP at factor cost. (5
Marks)
600
Indirect Taxes
50
GNPMP
Subsidies
30
NFIA
100
Depreciation
50
Transfer payments
15
Retained Earnings of Companies
25
Personal Taxes
15
Personal Savings
80
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
Gross National Product at Market Prices (GNPMP) serves as a crucial indicator of a country’s
economic performance, representing the total value of goods and services produced by its
residents, regardless of where they are located. Calculating GNP and GDP at factor cost
involves adjusting GNPMP for indirect taxes, subsidies, net factor income from abroad
(NFIA), depreciation, transfer payments, retained earnings of companies, personal taxes, and
Q3b. There are different methods to calculate National Income. Elaborate any one
method for measuring national income. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Measuring national income is crucial for assessing the economic performance of a country.
Various methods exist for calculating national income, each offering unique insights into the
economy’s output and income distribution. One prominent method is the expenditure
approach, which evaluates national income by summing up the total expenditures made
within an economy over a specific period. This essay will elaborate on the expenditure
Operations and Supply Chain Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Download the last 10 years’ sales data of and two FMCG company. Using any
forecasting technique, project the sales value of 2023 of these two companies2023.
Comment on the results. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The realm of Operations and Supply Chain Management is pivotal in understanding and
predicting the future trajectory of Fast-Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) companies. In this
context, forecasting sales figures plays a crucial role in strategic planning and decisionmaking.
The
task
at
hand
involves
analyzing
the
sales
data
of
two
FMCG
companies
over
the

last
decade
to
project
their
sales
for
the
year
2023.
This
exercise
is
not
just
about
crunching

numbers;

it’s a nuanced interpretation of market trends, consumer behaviors, and the
companies’ operational efficiencies. The methodology chosen for forecasting, whether it be
time series analysis, regression models, or advanced machine learning techniques, deeply
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Q2. Compare the competence of various existing Transportation Modes used in
Mumbai for passenger transport. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Mumbai, a bustling metropolis, is renowned for its diverse and dynamic transportation
system, crucial for the daily commute of millions. This essay delves into the various modes of
transportation available in Mumbai for passenger transport, each with unique competencies
and challenges. The city’s transportation landscape is a complex tapestry, featuring traditional
modes like local trains and buses, alongside newer additions such as metro rail and monorail.
Additionally, waterways and auto-rickshaws play a significant role in the city’s mobility. This
comparison is not just about assessing efficiency or speed; it encompasses broader aspects
Q3. (a) Detail the outsourcing functions carried out by Colgate. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Colgate-Palmolive, a global leader in oral care and personal products, employs strategic
outsourcing to enhance its operational efficiency and market competitiveness. Outsourcing,
the practice of delegating certain business functions to external specialists, is a crucial aspect
of Colgate’s business model. This essay explores the various outsourcing functions utilized by
Colgate, examining how these practices contribute to the company’s efficiency, innovation,
Q3. (b) In order to be a Supply Chain Leader what steps are taken by Amul Company
in order to improve the structure of their supply chain? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Amul, India’s leading dairy cooperative, is renowned for its robust and efficient supply chain
management. As a supply chain leader, Amul has continuously evolved its strategies to
enhance its supply chain structure. This essay will explore the steps taken by Amul to
maintain and improve its position as a supply chain leader. These steps are focused on
optimizing procurement, production, distribution, and innovation, ensuring that Amul
Operations Research
April 2024 Examination
Q1. A retail company operates several distribution centers (D1, D2, D3, and D4) and
serves multiple retail stores (S1, S2, and S3). The shipping costs (in Rs.) per unit from
each distribution center to each retail store are presented in the following table
D1
D2
D3
D4
Supply
S1
19
30
50
10
7
S2
70
30
40
60
9
S3
40
8
70
20
18
Demand 5
8
7
14
Find the initial basic feasible solution using Vogel’s Approximation Method (VAM) for
the given transportation problem. Post that, implement the stepping-stone method to
find the optimal solution for the transportation problem. Calculate the total shipping
cost for the optimal solution. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
To find the initial basic feasible solution using Vogel’s Approximation Method (VAM), we
start by calculating the penalty for each row and column. The penalty for each row is the
difference between the two lowest costs in that row, and the penalty for each column is the
difference between the two lowest costs in that column. We will use these penalties to
determine which cells to allocate first.
Step 1: Calculate Row and Column Penalties
Row Penalties: For S1: Penalty = 30 – 19 = 11
For S2: Penalty = 70 – 30 = 40 For S3: Penalty = 70 – 20 = 50
Column Penalties: For
D1: Penalty = 19 – 10 = 9
For D2: Penalty = 8 – 30 = -22 For
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Q2. A manufacturing company has several plants (P1, P2, and P3) and several
warehouses
(WH1, WH2, WH3, and WH4) for distribution. The shipping costs (in Rs.) per unit
from each plant to each warehouse are presented in the following table:
Source
WH1 WH2 WH3 WH4
Supply
P1
19
30
50
12
7
P2
70
30
40
60
10
P3
40
10
60
20
18
Requirement 5
8
7
15
Find an initial feasible solution using the Northwest Corner Method and Least
Cost Method, and also determine the optimal solution using Modified Distribution
(MODI) method. (10 marks)
(Note- For each method, show the step-by-step calculations, allocations, and the total
transportation cost for the final optimal solution)
Ans 2.
To solve this transportation problem, we will use three methods as you requested: the
Northwest Corner Method, the Least Cost Method, and the Modified Distribution (MODI)
Method. We’ll calculate the total transportation cost for each method. Let’s begin:
1. Northwest Corner Method
The Northwest Corner Method is a way to find an initial feasible solution for a transportation
problem. We start from the top-left (northwest) corner of the cost matrix and allocate as much
Q3. A small project consisting of eight activities has the following characteristics: Time-
Estimates (in weeks)
Activity
Preceding
Most optimistic
Most likely
Most pessimistic
A
activity
None
time (a)
2
time (m)
4
time (b)
12
B
None
10
12
26
C
A
8
9
10
D
A
10
15
20
E
A
7
7.5
11
F
B,C
9
9
9
G
D
3
3.5
7
H
E,F,G
5
5
5
PART a) Prepare the activity schedule for the project and determine the critical path.
(5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In project management, creating an activity schedule and determining the critical path are
essential steps in planning and executing a project efficiently. The given project, consisting of
eight activities with varying time estimates, requires careful analysis to establish the sequence
and duration of each activity. By applying the Critical Path Method (CPM), we can identify
PART b) Suppose a 30-week deadline is imposed, what is the probability that the
project will be finished within the time limit? Also, if the project manager wants to be
99% sure that the project is completed on the scheduled date, how many weeks before
that date should he start the project work? (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
To determine the probability that the project will be finished within the time limit, we can use
the completion probability of the critical path activities. The completion probability of an
activity is the probability that the activity will be completed on time, given its estimated
duration and the time limit.
The completion probability of an activity is calculated as follows:
Completion Probability = 1 – (1 / Durations in weeks)
Organisational Behaviour
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Jack is a professional who is trying to decide between two job offers. One offer
provides a significantly higher salary, while the other offers a more flexible work
schedule and the opportunity to work on projects he is truly passionate about. His Id is
urging him to choose the higher-paying offer because it means more financial security
and the ability to afford his desired lifestyle. His Superego, on the other hand, is
advising him to take the job that aligns with his passions and values, even if it means a
slightly lower salary. His Ego is grappling with finding a balance between these two
conflicting perspectives.
How might Jack’s Id, Ego, and Superego impact his decision-making process in
this situation? What kind of internal struggle could he face while trying to make a
choice? How might he ultimately come to a resolution? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the realm of organizational behavior, decision-making is a complex process influenced by
various psychological components. Jack’s situation, where he is torn between two job offers,
serves as a quintessential example of this complexity. This scenario highlights the interplay of
Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory, specifically the roles of the Id, Ego, and Superego.
The Id seeks immediate gratification and is drawn to the higher salary for the financial
security and lifestyle it promises. Conversely, the Superego seeks moralistic and idealistic
goals, urging Jack towards a job that aligns with his passions and values. The Ego, caught in
the middle, attempts to mediate between these conflicting desires, seeking a realistic and
pragmatic solution. This intricate dance of psychological forces not only underscores the
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Q2. Alice is a student who is currently focusing on her studies and trying to perform
well in her exams. She also takes time to hang out with her friends and participate in a
hobby she loves. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which level of need is Alice
primarily addressing by focusing on her studies, social interactions, and hobbies? Also,
discuss the other levels as well. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is a psychological theory proposed by Abraham Maslow in his
1943 paper “A Theory of Human Motivation.” This framework categorizes human needs into
a five-level pyramid structure, suggesting that basic needs must be met before individuals can
pursue higher-level motivations. At the base are physiological needs, followed by safety,
belongingness and love, esteem, and self-actualization at the top. Alice, a student, exemplifies
the application of this theory. She is balancing her academic pursuits, social life, and hobbies,
which indicates an interaction between different levels of Maslow’s hierarchy. Her focus on
studies primarily addresses esteem needs, as academic success contributes to self-esteem and
Q3a. Mark is at a team meeting where his colleagues are discussing a new project. He
notices that whenever his manager, Sarah, provides feedback or suggestions, Mark
tends to feel defensive and responds with counterarguments. He also realizes that he
often perceives Sarah’s comments as criticism rather than constructive input. However,
when his colleagues offer similar suggestions, he is more open to considering their ideas.
Based on this scenario, how might you explain Mark’s reactions and responses using the
concept of “Parent,” “Adult,” and “Child” ego states in transactional analysis? (5
Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Transactional Analysis (TA) is a psychological theory developed by Eric Berne in the 1950s.
It explores social interactions and communication patterns through the concept of three
distinct ego states: Parent, Adult, and Child. These states represent different types of thinking,
feeling, and behavior. In the scenario with Mark and his manager, Sarah, TA provides a
useful framework to analyze Mark’s defensive reactions and different responses to feedback.
Q3b. Linda works as a team leader in a tech company and is known for her willingness
to help her team members and provide support whenever they need it. She encourages
open communication and often seeks input from her team before making decisions.
Linda believes that by fostering a collaborative and inclusive environment, the team’s
overall performance can improve. She also values innovation and encourages her team
to share their ideas freely. Based on the scenario, how does Linda’s leadership approach
align with Adam Grant’s theory of “Givers,” “Takers,” and “Matchers” in the context
of workplace dynamics? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Adam Grant’s theory of “Givers,” “Takers,” and “Matchers” in the workplace categorizes
individuals based on their interaction style and how they contribute to their work
environment. “Givers” are individuals who provide support to others without expecting
anything in return, “Takers” prioritize their own needs, and “Matchers” balance giving and
taking. Linda, a team leader in a tech company, exemplifies certain characteristics in her
Performance Management System
April 2024 Examination
Q1. You have been appointed as the Human Resources Director of a fast-growing
technology company that values employee development and performance enhancement.
The company believes that modern methods of performance appraisal are essential for
fostering a culture of continuous improvement. Select any four of the modern
performance appraisal methods and develop a comprehensive plan mentioning the
advantages of each of the four methods for their implementation. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In today’s rapidly evolving technology sector, staying at the forefront of employee
development and performance enhancement is not just an option; it’s a necessity. As the
newly appointed Human Resources Director of a dynamic technology company, the mandate
to foster a culture of continuous improvement is clear. Embracing modern performance
appraisal methods is pivotal in achieving this goal. These methods are designed to not only
evaluate employee performance but also to empower individuals, promote a growth mindset,
and enhance organizational productivity. By selecting four cutting-edge performance
appraisal methods, we can tailor a strategy that aligns with our company’s values and
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Q2. Imagine you are the Team Lead of a diverse group of software developers within a
tech startup. The company is entering a critical phase, and effective performance
planning is crucial to achieve project goals. Provide a step-by-step outline of how you
would apply the performance planning process within your team. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In today’s rapidly evolving technological landscape, the importance of a robust performance
management system cannot be overstated, especially within the context of a tech startup
navigating through a critical phase of its growth. As the Team Lead of a diverse group of
software developers, the onus falls squarely on my shoulders to spearhead performance
planning efforts that are not only comprehensive but also tailored to meet the unique needs of
our team and the overarching objectives of the company. This involves a meticulous approach
to setting clear, achievable goals, fostering a culture of continuous feedback and
improvement, and leveraging a variety of tools and methodologies designed to track and
enhance team performance. The key to success lies in the ability to blend strategic vision with
Q3. a) Imagine you are the Department Manager of a fast-paced customer service team
in a retail company. The team has been experiencing challenges with underperforming
employees, which are impacting overall customer satisfaction. Outline a step-by-step
plan for effectively managing underperforming employees within your team. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Managing underperforming employees within a fast-paced customer service team is a critical
task for any Department Manager in a retail company. The challenges posed by
underperformance can significantly impact the quality of customer service, affecting overall
customer satisfaction and potentially the company’s bottom line. Addressing
underperformance requires a careful, structured approach that not only identifies and
Q3. b) You are the HR Director of a rapidly growing technology company that is
considering implementing a web-enabled performance management system. The
company aims to leverage technology to enhance its performance management process.
Outline the practical application detailing the benefits of adopting a web-enabled
performance management system within your organization. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the dynamic environment of a rapidly growing technology company, optimizing
performance management processes is key to sustaining growth and enhancing productivity.
The adoption of a web-enabled performance management system represents a forwardthinking
approach
to
addressing
the
complexities
of
performance
evaluation
and
management

in

such a setting. This digital transformation aims to streamline operations, promote
transparency, and foster a culture of continuous improvement. The move towards a web-
Principles of Marketing
April 2024 Examination
1. You have been appointed the director of marketing for Shiva automobiles your
company wants to launch a new range of EV two wheelers in the state of Maharashtra.
How will you go about launching the product? List out all the steps to launch the
product in the context of the marketing Mix. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The advent of electric vehicles (EVs) marks a revolutionary shift in the automotive industry,
aligning with global sustainability goals and the changing preferences of consumers. As the
newly appointed Director of Marketing for Shiva Automobiles, the task of launching a new
range of EV two-wheelers in Maharashtra presents a unique set of challenges and
opportunities. To navigate this landscape effectively, a strategic approach grounded in the
principles of the marketing mix is essential. This involves a holistic consideration of product
innovation, price positioning, place of distribution, and promotional strategies, tailored to
meet the expectations of our target market. By leveraging these components, we aim not only
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2. You are marketing head of a short messaging social media platform, your company
has been taken over recently by a leading global billionaire, your company has lost out a
lot of consumers because of this and your competition is very active with similar
launches as your product. How will you stop this fall in usage? Create a marketing plan,
which shall engage customers and motivate them to start using your service again. (10
Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the fast-evolving landscape of social media, the takeover of our short messaging platform
by a global billionaire has sparked a notable decline in user engagement, driven by consumer
skepticism and the aggressive strategies of our competitors. This situation calls for a robust
and innovative marketing plan that not only addresses the immediate concerns but also
repositions our platform as a leading choice for communication in the digital age. Our
approach will focus on rebuilding trust, enhancing user experience, and leveraging unique
features that set us apart from the competition. By engaging directly with our community and
introducing tailored initiatives, we aim to reignite interest and foster a renewed sense of
3. You are the marketing director for Ramson mobile phones, Your Company wants to
launch a new range of phones for the Indian market but the category is cluttered with
many similar products
a. Create a research plan to understand the customers’ needs and preferences. (5
Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Launching a new range of mobile phones in the cluttered Indian market presents a significant
challenge due to the presence of numerous competitors offering similar products. To
differentiate our offering and meet the specific needs of Indian consumers, a meticulous
research plan is essential. This plan will focus on gathering in-depth insights into customer
b.What are the key attributes that you can create for the product that shall give your
product competitive advantage? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the highly competitive Indian mobile phone market, establishing a distinct competitive
advantage is crucial for Ramson mobile phones to stand out. The key to this differentiation
lies in identifying and incorporating unique product attributes that closely align with the
needs and preferences of Indian consumers. By focusing on innovation, customization, and
Production & Total Quality Management
April 2024 Examination
1. Production Facilities means any building or equipment used for the purpose of
producing, treating, or separating produced fluids and gas, including but not limited to
pumps, pumping units, compressors, generators, gas flares, treaters, separators, storage
tanks, and pits that ensures proper working of the production systems? Considering the
Fact, identifying the different types of Production systems available? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Production facilities are pivotal in the manufacturing and processing industries, serving as the
backbone for the efficient conversion of raw materials into finished goods. These facilities
encompass a broad spectrum of equipment and infrastructure, including pumps, compressors,
generators, and storage units, all aimed at optimizing the production process. The essence of
these facilities lies in their ability to ensure the smooth operation of production systems,
which vary significantly across industries. Understanding the diversity of production systems
is crucial, as each system is tailored to meet specific industry demands, efficiency
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2. Plant location refers to the choice of region and the selection of a particular site for
setting up a business or factory. But the choice is made only after considering cost and
benefits of different alternative sites. It is a strategic decision that cannot be changed
once taken, Considering the fact, describe the factors one should take into consideration
for plant location? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The decision regarding the location of a new plant is one of the most significant decisions
faced by management. This decision influences the overall efficiency, operational cost, and
accessibility of the business to both raw materials and its target market. Choosing an optimal
location is not merely about finding a piece of land; it involves a meticulous evaluation of
various geographical, economical, and social factors that could impact the business in the
long term. Given its irreversible nature and substantial investment, the process requires a
strategic approach, ensuring that the chosen site aligns with the business’s objectives, supply
3. Quality management is the act of overseeing all activities and tasks that must be
accomplished to maintain a desired level of excellence. This includes the determination
of a quality policy, creating and implementing quality planning and assurance, and
quality control and quality improvement.
a. Inventory refers to all the items, goods, merchandise, and materials held by a business
for selling in the market to earn a profit. considering the fact, bring about the different
inventory control techniques adapted by manager for managing the inventory. (5
Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Inventory control is a crucial aspect of quality management, serving as the backbone of
efficient operational workflows and customer satisfaction. It involves the strategic oversight
of inventory levels, timing, and costs to ensure that a business can meet demand without
excessive overhead or stockouts. Effective inventory control techniques allow businesses to
maintain the desired level of excellence in product offerings while optimizing resource use
b. Quality assurance can be defined as “part of quality management focused on
providing confidence that quality requirements will be fulfilled.” The confidence
provided by quality assurance is twofold—internally to management and externally to
customers, government agencies, regulators, certifiers, and third parties. Relating to the
same bring about the different methods used for quality assurance (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Quality assurance (QA) is a pivotal component of quality management, designed to instill
confidence by ensuring that products or services meet established quality standards. It serves
as a preventive strategy, aimed at identifying and correcting potential issues before they affect
the final output. By implementing effective QA methods, organizations can assure both
internal stakeholders and external entities, such as customers and regulatory bodies, that their
Project Management
April 2024 Examination
Question 1: Q1. Create a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) for an upcoming Excel
workshop scheduled for 2 days in your college premises. In this planning phase,
envision yourself as a student organizer. The workshop’s intended audience comprises
final year MBA students from your college, and the workshop fee is set at 2000 INR for
the entire 2-day duration. To efficiently manage the workshop, a team of 7 individuals,
your fellow classmates in the 3rd year of the BBA program, will be enlisted. Their
responsibilities encompass designing the workshop brochure, establishing a schedule,
liaising with relevant faculty members (2 faculties) and the administrative office,
overseeing the registration procedure, coordinating with the ground floor dining hall
for meals (breakfast, lunch, and high-tea), collaborating with the IT team to ensure a
well-equipped computer lab with internet access and requisite classroom amenities.
Additionally, arrangements need to be made for the distribution of workshop kits or
takeaways to participants upon its conclusion.
Introduction
The next Excel workshop, taking place over two days at our college, is a significant endeavor
to equip the MBA students from last year with essential skills and expertise in utilizing
Microsoft Excel. As a student organizer, I have carefully planned this workshop to enhance
our peers’ employability and competitiveness. Recognizing the crucial role of this event, I
have been motivated to plan every detail precisely. The primary objectives of the workshop
are not only to provide technical information but also to cultivate a collaborative environment
for participants to familiarize themselves with the surroundings of many of the contributors.
In order to carry out this task smoothly, a committed team of 7 classmates from the third year
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Question 2: Write the Network diagram (activity on nodes)
Prepare table with Early start time, Early finish time, latest start time, and latest
finish time.
Identify critical activities.
Prepare table with how much time we can crash per activity and cost associated
with it
Introduction
The student’s research assignment, accomplished as a partial fulfillment of their degree
program, presents a challenging task that requires meticulous analysis and strategic
preparation. This debate examines critical elements of the problem, investigating the
complexities of community design, essential activities, and the prospects for optimizing time
and cost. The study’s purpose encompasses multiple activities and requirements, costs, and
interdependencies. We aim to address the intricacies, identify essential routes, and develop
solutions to optimize the project’s schedule and associated costs.
The community design is a graphical depiction of the activities and their interconnections
within the assignment. Each interest in our example is represented by a node, with arrows
Question 3. A: picture yourself as an employee at a Data Training Center. Currently,
the center is on the brink of introducing a training program centered on Power BI. This
program is slated to be conducted in an online format. Your responsibility entails
guaranteeing that both participants and the personnel involved possess appropriate
system setups and reliable internet connectivity. As an integral aspect of this technical
audit, delineate the specific aspects you intend to address.
Also, mention the source in your answer stating the requirement of software could be
essential to check as part of Technical Audit
Introduction
As an employee overseeing the smooth implementation of the Power BI training program at
the Data Education Center, conducting a comprehensive technical audit is crucial. The
program’s success relies significantly on the participants and staff having suitable system
configurations and reliable internet connectivity. These are the specific elements I plan to
Question 3. B: for the below given LPP problem and its solution, write your
interpretation.
A Firm is producing two types of products called “banarasi Silk Saris” and “Gujarati
patanPatoda Silk Saris”. They have female workers who work for them can work up to
30 days a month. Their unit contribution of each product is 20000 INR and 15000 INR
respectively. They have limited raw material can make 150 units of “banarasi Silk
Saris” and 175 “Gujarati patanPatoda Silk Saris”. A team of worker do require 3 days
to manufacture “banarasi Silk Saris” and 4 days for “Gujarati patanPatoda Silk Saris”.
This form is looking for the optimisation model that maximize their profit. (5 Marks)
System Generated Output.
Introduction
The provided information The Linear Programming problem (LPP) involves a company
manufacturing two types of silk saris – “Banarasi Silk Saris” and “Gujarati Patan Patoda Silk
Saris.” The objective is to optimize profits while considering several constraints, such as the
availability of female labor, limited raw materials, and the production time required for each
type of sari.
Concept and Application
Decision Variables:
Let xx be the number of “Banarasi Silk Saris” produced, and yy indicates the quantity of ”
Research Methodology
April 2024 Examination
1. Write the measurement type of each of the following column with proper
justification. (10 Marks)
Reponde
nt code gender Age city
rating
for
instagra
m
rating
for
REELS
no
of
post
per
day
no
of
post
seen
per
day
no
of
following
s
no
of
followers
1
1
29 1
1
3
2
26
439
353
2
2
25 1
1
4
1
22
340
405
3
2
23 2
4
2
4
23
315
436
4
1
26 1
2
2
5
25
444
303
5
1
29 1
4
4
2
23
377
392
6
2
21 3
2
4
5
26
456
462
The table given below shows the coding for the above snapshot of data.
Code Rating For Reels
Code City
Code City
Code Rating For Instagram
1
very much dissatisfied
1
very much dissatisfied
1
hmedabad
1 Male
2
dissatisfied
2
dissatisfied
2 Mumbai
2
Female
3
neutral
3
neutral
3
Delhi
4
satisfied
4
satisfied
5
very much satisfied
5
very much satisfied
Ans 1.
Introduction
Measurement types in research methodology are essential for understanding data
characteristics and applying appropriate statistical analyses. These types delineate how
variables are quantified and interpreted within the context of a study. In the dataset provided,
various columns represent different kinds of data, from categorical classifications such as
gender and city to ordinal rankings reflecting satisfaction levels and ratio measurements like
age, number of posts, and followers. Accurately identifying these measurement types is not
just a methodological formality; it underpins the integrity of data analysis, ensuring that
researchers draw valid and reliable inferences. This examination of measurement types will
dissect the nature of each column in the dataset, providing a rationale for their classification
and reflecting on the implications for subsequent research practices. By doing so, we
establish a solid foundation for the analysis and interpretation of the data, which is a
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2. Write the questionnaire if your goal is as follows. (10 Marks)
Picture yourself employed at Pinky’s Vadapav center. Pinky is keen on gaining a deeper
understanding of the level of satisfaction her customers experience with both the
products and services offered. The menu with prices is provided below. Assist her in
carrying out a survey using a 5-point Likert scale to gather this valuable information.
 Vadapav (oil) 30 INR
 Vadapav (butter) 40 INR
 Vadapav (cheese +oil) 50 INR
 Vadapav (cheese +butter) 50 INR
 Mumbai Vadapav 60 INR
Ans 2.
Introduction
Customer satisfaction surveys are pivotal tools that businesses use to gauge the quality of
their service and products from the customer’s perspective. Pinky’s Vadapav Center, a
culinary establishment specializing in various styles of Vadapav, is on the verge of expanding
its understanding of customer preferences and satisfaction. Utilizing a 5-point Likert scale,
the survey aims to dissect the intricate layers of customer feedback on specific products,
including variations of Vadapav made with different ingredients and offered at different price
points. The information collected will not only reflect the customers’ current satisfaction
levels but also unearth potential areas for improvement and innovation. By meticulously
3A. Write the Set of research objectives and research questions in the following research
scenario. (5 Marks)
Picture yourself as an independent researcher, you objective is to explore the user’s
motivation for social media application like Snapchat, Instagram, and WhatsApp. Try
to focus on capturing the consumption pattern also.
Note: You are supposed to write the Research objective and research questions only.
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the rapidly evolving digital landscape, social media applications such as Snapchat,
Instagram, and WhatsApp have become integral to everyday communication and selfexpression.
Understanding
the
motivations
behind
their
use
and
the
patterns
of
consumption

is
essential for developers,
marketers, and researchers
alike. This
research aims to
delve into
3B. Write set of Hypothesis, if your goal is to check the difference in the average credit
amount outstanding across the categories (three variables are mentioned in the data,
identify them and design Hypothesis by targeting each one of them, for ANOVA). (5
Marks)
Note: Here the snapshot of the data is presented, this data is available at Region level,
state level and, district level, and population group wise. Focus on three variables,
Region, state, and population group for the above ANOVA Hypothesis writing exercise.
Write the type of hypothesis tail also.
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Analyzing the variation in credit amount outstanding across different categories is a vital
exercise for financial institutions aiming to understand credit behavior and manage risk.
ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) is an ideal statistical method for this purpose as it compares
means across multiple groups. For our study, we will be focusing on three categorical
variables—Region, State, and Population Group—to examine how they influence the average
Rural Marketing
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Please help the marketing manager of a large consumer electronic company to promote
their newly launched Brand of LED Smart TV in Rural Markets, please suggest based on
low budgets by the company (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of consumer electronics, penetrating rural markets poses a unique set
of challenges and opportunities. The marketing manager of a large consumer electronic company
faces the task of promoting the newly launched Brand of LED Smart TV in rural markets with a
constraint on budget. Rural markets, characterized by distinctive consumer behavior and limited
access to traditional advertising channels, necessitate innovative and cost-effective strategies.
The introduction of LED Smart TVs caters to the evolving needs of rural consumers, providing
entertainment, education, and connectivity. Crafting a tailored approach that aligns with the
socio-economic and cultural fabric of rural areas is crucial to achieving success within budget
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Q2. ABC and company had been regularly selling their Readymade garments in rural
areas of Rajasthan, the sales were steady but the recent trends show lack of sales due to
change in consumer demand do you agree it is due to changed consumer behavior if yes
study the same and give suitable advise to management (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
In recent times, ABC and Company have been experiencing a downturn in the sales of their
readymade garments in the rural areas of Rajasthan. While the company had previously
maintained steady sales, there has been a noticeable shift in consumer demand leading to a
decline. Understanding the dynamics of consumer behavior is crucial in addressing this issue.
Consumer behavior is influenced by various factors, including cultural, social, personal, and
psychological elements. In the context of rural areas, these factors can be even more intricate,
with unique characteristics shaping the preferences and choices of consumers. In order to revive
sales and adapt to the changing landscape, it is imperative to delve into the altered consumer
Q3. Case study Suba Spices
Mr. Suba Rao had inherited the business of producing and selling Spices for the past two
decades in the state of Andhra, the business was good and the SR Brand was very popular,
the company expanded their sales to neighboring state of Tamil Nadu, Telangana and
Karnataka to increase turnovers and profits, the company had to compete with other
established brands in the state and did not reduce the premium prices the company was
getting in the state of Andhra
The sales were sluggish and Mr. Rao was considering closing sales in all the new states, the
initial cost of launch and distribution was high and the company has hardly making profits,
the huge inventories did not allow the company to close shop and were considering
alternatives and solutions for revving the business.
A. Please advise Mr. Suba Rao to revive sales in the new states of operation (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
Mr. Suba Rao, the proprietor of Suba Spices, faces a challenge in reviving sales in the new states
of operation—Tamil Nadu, Telangana, and Karnataka. Despite the success of the SR Brand in
Andhra Pradesh, the company is grappling with sluggish sales and profitability issues in the
expanded markets. This situation necessitates a strategic intervention to address the complexities
B. Is the migration of low value stocks from the neighboring holding Mr. Suba Rao to
reduce prices if yes give your logic to the answer? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
The consideration of migrating low-value stocks from the neighboring holding by Mr. Suba Rao
as a strategy to reduce prices raises questions about its viability and potential impact on Suba
Spices. This move could have implications for inventory management, pricing structures, and
overall business sustainability.
Concept and application
Migrating low-value stocks from neighboring holdings to reduce prices can be a double-edged
Sales Management
April 2024 Examination
Q.1 The Smart Cube is a global provider of research and analytics solutions, primarily
serving the financial services, retail, life sciences, energy and industrials sectors.
Addressing the needs of businesses in the intelligence age, their customized solutions
provide a truly connected approach, delivered by talented minds and intelligence
platform, rich with knowledge, cutting edge tools and advanced analytics. They work
with a third of companies in the Fortune 100, helping them make smarter decisions,
accelerate value, and gain a competitive edge.Headquartered in the UK with additional
offices in the USA, Switzerland, Romania and India.
You are appointed as the Vice President Sales – Analytics for India office. How will you
train your team on Personal selling? Do you think personal selling is the bestselling
method for selling technology solutions and services? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic realm of sales, particularly within the technology solutions and services
sector, personal selling emerges as a pivotal strategy, especially for a company as globally
integrated and intelligence-driven as The Smart Cube. Personal selling transcends mere
transactional exchanges, fostering deeper, more meaningful relationships between the seller
and the buyer. This approach is especially crucial in sectors where the products or services
offered are complex, highly customizable, and require a significant degree of trust and
understanding between the parties involved. As the newly appointed Vice President of Sales –
Analytics for the India office of The Smart Cube, the task at hand is not just to train the sales
team but to imbue them with the nuanced skills and strategic mindset required for personal
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Q2. Prataap Snacks is a leading Indian Snacks Food Company and continues to win the
trust of consumers day by day. And why won’t they?Akhir, “dildaar hain hum!” is the
tag line.
Desi Namkeen and an Indian palate are ageless companions, just like chips and dips,
rings and fingers or good people and noble ventures. This is a story of such a venture
that brought versatility, a wide traditional and international variety, exceptional quality
and above all, a ‘dildaar’ quantity of snacks across India. The story of the brand –
Yellow Diamond. In the early 90s, an idea struck an Indore-born, US student named
Amit Kumat. The idea of pairing something papad-crunchy with a steaming plate of
dal-rice…Chips! His belief in the power and potential of snacks as a sunrise category
firmed up then itself. A few years later, in 2004 entrepreneur, Amit Kumat along with
Apoorva Kumat and Arvind Mehta turned this idea into a home-grown snacks offering,
named Yellow Diamond. Salman Khan was appointed brand ambassador in 2017.
You are the national sales head and reporting to Mr. Amit Kumat. He has asked you to
work on restructuring the sales organization. Would you opt for product based or
geographical based sales structure? Support your answer with a valid reason. (10
marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of the Indian snacks industry, Prataap Snacks, under its flagship
brand Yellow Diamond, has made significant strides in capturing the essence of Indian taste
preferences with its diverse range of products. The brand’s journey, from its inception by
Amit Kumat and his partners in 2004 to becoming a household name with Bollywood
superstar Salman Khan as its brand ambassador in 2017, illustrates its successful penetration
and acceptance in the Indian market. Given the task by Mr. Amit Kumat to restructure the
sales organization, the decision between adopting a product-based or geographical-based
Q.3 Padcare Labs is a Pune based organization offering menstrual hygiene and
healthcare solutions to women. Their clients entail the following corporates:
It has received funding and is now on an expanision spree and Ms Priyanka Sharma has
been appointed as Head of Corporate Sales.
a. Ms. Priyanka Sharma wants to implement CRM solution for increasing sales. Do you
think implementing CRM will increase customer retention? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Padcare Labs, a Pune-based organization specializing in menstrual hygiene and healthcare
solutions for women, is poised for expansion under the leadership of Ms. Priyanka Sharma as
Head of Corporate Sales. As part of this growth strategy, Ms. Sharma is considering
implementing a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) solution to boost sales. This
b. Ms. Priyanka Sharma has undergone SPIN training. Explain spin theory with
examples. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
SPIN Selling is a renowned sales methodology developed by Neil Rackham, focusing on
asking effective questions to uncover customer needs and preferences. Ms. Priyanka Sharma’s
training in SPIN Selling equips her with the skills to navigate complex sales situations and
build stronger client relationships. This analysis explores the SPIN theory and its application
Soft Skills for Managers
April 2024 Examination
Q1. As a leader at work, you are time and again communicating with one and all. This
may be one-on one communication , or in groups or in larger teams. This could be
verbal or in written form. What according to you is the importance of communication?
Also mention as a leader why it is an important skill to have. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Effective communication stands as the cornerstone of successful leadership within the
modern workplace. It transcends mere exchange of information; it is about understanding the
emotions and intentions behind the information. As leaders, the ability to communicate
effectively is paramount not only in guiding teams towards achieving organizational goals but
also in fostering an environment of trust and respect. This skill facilitates the clear
conveyance of vision and expectations, encourages open dialogue, and aids in conflict
resolution. In essence, adept communication skills enable leaders to connect with their team
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Q2. What do you understand by the word Etiquettes? Why are they important in daily
life? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Etiquette refers to the set of conventional rules and norms governing social behavior within a
society or among members of a particular profession or group. These unwritten guidelines on
how to interact courteously and respectfully are deeply rooted in cultural and societal values,
influencing how individuals communicate, behave, and treat one another in various settings.
In daily life, etiquette plays a pivotal role in fostering positive interactions, building
harmonious relationships, and facilitating smooth social exchanges. Whether in personal or
professional contexts, adhering to proper etiquette is essential for conveying respect,
empathy, and consideration for others. It reflects an individual’s understanding of social
Q3a) What is One on one communication? And how do you prepare for it. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
One-on-one communication refers to a direct form of interaction that occurs between two
individuals. This personalized mode of communication is foundational in both personal and
professional settings, serving as a key mechanism for sharing information, resolving conflicts,
and building relationships. Preparing for one-on-one communication involves a thoughtful
approach to ensure that the conversation is productive, respectful, and achieves its intended
objectives. By focusing on preparation, individuals can enhance the quality of the interaction,
b) How to be a better listener? Suggest 5 things one can do. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Being a better listener is an essential skill that enhances communication and strengthens
relationships in both personal and professional contexts. Listening goes beyond merely
hearing words; it involves understanding, empathizing, and engaging with the speaker. This
skill is fundamental for effective communication, as it fosters an environment of trust and
respect, encourages the exchange of ideas, and facilitates conflict resolution. Improving
listening skills requires intentional practice and mindfulness. By focusing on the speaker,
Start Your Startup
April 2024 Examination
1. “The most profitable business in India depends on various factors, such as market
demand, competition, and investment required. However, some of the most
profitable businesses in India are e-commerce (Flipkart), food and beverage (Parle),
healthcare (Apollo Hospitals), education (Physics Wallah), real estate (Lodha),
renewable energy (Adani Green), and travel and tourism (MakeMyTrip)., etc.” If they
can do, so can you. Identify the different types of bootstrapping strategies/ideas that an
entrepreneur can map? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Bootstrapping in entrepreneurship is a powerful strategy for building a company from the
ground up without relying on external funding sources such as venture capital or loans. This
self-funding approach leverages the entrepreneur’s own resources to support the business’s
initial growth and development. By focusing on minimizing expenses and reinvesting profits
back into the business, bootstrapping encourages creativity, resourcefulness, and a deep
understanding of the market. It enables entrepreneurs to maintain control over their ventures,
make swift decisions, and adapt to changes without the pressure from investors. The journey
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2. Bootstrapping describes a situation in which an entrepreneur starts a company with
little capital, relying on money other than outside investments. An individual is said to
be bootstrapping when they attempt to found and build a company from personal
finances or the operating revenues of the new company. List down the reasons why
every startup should bootstrap? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Bootstrapping, a term derived from the old phrase “pulling oneself up by one’s bootstraps,”
encapsulates the essence of self-reliance in the entrepreneurial journey. This approach to
starting a business is distinguished by its reliance on minimal external financial resources,
focusing instead on personal savings, cautious budgeting, and the reinvestment of initial
profits. In an era where the allure of venture capital and angel investment dominates the
startup ecosystem, bootstrapping emerges as a testament to the grit, determination, and
resourcefulness of entrepreneurs. By electing to bootstrap, founders not only retain full
3. Innovative businesses have new and exciting ideas that are more likely to attract
venture capital investment. Product innovation refers to new or significantly
improved products. The innovation could include making the same product with better
components or a new product that’s more user-friendly.
a. Finance is defined as the management of money and includes activities such as
investing, borrowing, lending, budgeting, saving, and forecasting. Understanding the
fact, describe the different techniques for raising capital available with start-ups? (5
Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of entrepreneurship, securing adequate financing is a critical
milestone for startups aiming to bring innovative products to market. The realm of finance
encompasses a broad spectrum of activities essential for the economic sustenance and growth
of new ventures. For startups, particularly those at the forefront of product innovation,
identifying and leveraging the right mix of capital-raising techniques is pivotal. These
b. “The existing definition of investors’ “best interest” is about maximizing financial
returns while adjusting risk to the profile of the client.” Associating with the quote,
identify the factors affecting investors interest? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The paradigm of investment has traditionally been anchored in the principle of maximizing
financial returns while aligning risk with the investor’s profile. This axiom underscores the
critical balance between risk management and return optimization, a fundamental aspect of
the investment decision-making process. However, the interests of investors are influenced by
a myriad of factors that extend beyond the mere calculus of risk and return. These factors
Strategic Brand Management
April 2024 Examination
1. Starbucks (popular global coffee shop), Divine Chocolate (chocolate brand for mass
consumption in the US), and Levis (US based clothing brand well known for denim wear)
are examples of brands that stand out for their ethical branding practices. Ethical brands
have greater customer commitment, increased customer loyalty, and high perceived
brand quality. What are the common factors that brands like Starbucks, Divine
Chocolate, and Levis have considered for creating ethical brands? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
Ethical branding has become a cornerstone for many successful global brands, fostering
customer commitment, loyalty, and perceived quality. Starbucks, Divine Chocolate, and Levis
are exemplary cases that have seamlessly integrated ethical practices into their brand strategies.
This essay explores the common factors that these brands have considered to establish
themselves as ethical icons in their respective industries.
In the contemporary business landscape, consumers are increasingly conscious of the ethical
implications of their purchasing decisions. Brands that align themselves with ethical values not
only meet consumer expectations but also build trust and loyalty. Starbucks, Divine Chocolate,
and Levis have recognized this trend and strategically integrated ethical considerations into
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2. Brands are important assets for an organization. Old Spice, Lego, Marvel Comics, and
Royal Enfield are great examples of brands that were almost dead before being brought
back to life. Explain the branding strategy adopted by Old Spice, Lego, Marvel Comics,
and Royal Enfield to revive themselves and come back to life. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
Brands play a pivotal role as valuable assets for organizations, contributing significantly to
their identity, customer loyalty, and market presence. The resurrection of seemingly fading
brands like Old Spice, Lego, Marvel Comics, and Royal Enfield is a testament to the power of
strategic branding. In this context, understanding the branding strategies employed by these
iconic brands offers valuable insights into how organizations can revitalize their image and
regain market relevance.
Old Spice, Lego, Marvel Comics, and Royal Enfield faced challenges that jeopardized their
existence in the market. However, through innovative and well-crafted branding strategies, they
successfully revived their fortunes. This examination delves into the distinctive approaches
adopted by each brand to rejuvenate itself, emphasizing the critical role of strategic brand
3a. Nestle has a multi-brand portfolio of more than 2000 products. L’Oreal has several
brands in its portfolio. Why do Nestle and L’Oreal follow multi- branding strategy?
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
Nestle and L’Oreal, two global giants in the consumer goods industry, have strategically
adopted a multi-branding approach, contributing to their extensive portfolios with over 2000
products. Understanding the rationale behind their choice of a multi-branding strategy provides
valuable insights into their market positioning and business objectives.
Concept and application
Nestle and L’Oreal’s adoption of a multi-branding strategy is rooted in the recognition of

b. Ferrari is an exotic luxury sports car brand. Ferrari bas extended the brand and
launched Ferrari theme parks. Share your views on Ferrari’s strategy of extending its
brand offering to theme parks. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Ferrari, renowned for its exotic luxury sports cars, has ventured into a unique territory by
extending its brand to theme parks. This strategic move raises questions about the synergy
between a high-end automotive brand and the entertainment industry, prompting an exploration
Strategic Management
April 2024 Examination
1. Nalli Sarees [https://www.nalli.com] is a Chennai based retailer in textile and
traditional silk, cotton, cotton-silk sarees, blouses, dress materials etc. Established in the
year 1928, Nalli is household name for exquisite silks, with over 90 years of grace &
legacy and an iconic heritage brand steeped in tradition. They have earned the trust and
patronage of customers across generations, by virtue of their core values of trust and
quality. They are now global with stores in USA, Canada, UAE, Singapore, UK etc.
Since they are global and compete with global brands they feel their marketing in not
up to the mark and they are lagging behind in style and poise compared to foreign
brands. They wish to understand what could the lacuna in their marketing approach.
What kind of Audit would you recommend for them and how would you suggest they go
about doing this. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
Nalli Sarees, a renowned Chennai-based retailer with a rich heritage dating back to 1928, has
emerged as a household name, synonymous with traditional silk, cotton, and cotton-silk
sarees, blouses, and dress materials. Over the course of its 90-year journey, Nalli has garnered
immense trust and loyalty among customers, passing down through generations, thanks to its
unwavering commitment to values of trust and quality. Today, Nalli has expanded its
footprint globally, with stores in the USA, Canada, UAE, Singapore, UK, and other locations.
Despite its impressive legacy, Nalli faces a challenge in the global market. They believe that
their marketing strategies may be lacking, and they lag behind international brands in terms
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2. Do Michael Porter’s Five Forces Analysis for Tesla coming into the Indian
Automobile Market. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
Michael Porter’s Five Forces Analysis is a framework used to assess the competitive forces
within an industry that can impact a company’s profitability and competitive position. In the
case of Tesla entering the Indian automobile market in April 2024, it is crucial to apply this
framework to understand the dynamics at play. Tesla, the electric vehicle (EV) pioneer, has
been eyeing India as a potential market due to its growing economy and increasing interest in
sustainable transportation. However, entering a new market is not without challenges. This
analysis will explore the five forces – competitive rivalry, bargaining power of suppliers,
3. Please answer the following
a. Akasa Air a brand of SNV Aviation Private Limited is an Indian low-cost airline
headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. It was founded by Vinay Dube and
Aditya Ghosh. In additional to flying it plans to offer complete holiday packages at key
destinations in India like Goa, Kerala, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Rajasthan, Ladakh
& Leh. What kind of alliances and partnerships will be required by Akasa Air to enable
them to offer these services to their customers? Please elaborate the same (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
Akasa Air, a brand of SNV Aviation Private Limited, aims to establish itself as a low-cost
airline in India, headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra. Apart from its core business of
providing air travel services, Akasa Air intends to diversify its offerings by providing
complete holiday packages at various key destinations across India. This strategic move
requires the establishment of alliances and partnerships to enhance its service portfolio and
b. General Motors withdrew from the Indian Market sometime in 2017. What kind of
strategy is this under Strategic Management? Please outline the key reasons under
which an organization has to apply this strategy. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
General Motors’ withdrawal from the Indian market in 2017 marked a significant strategic
decision within the realm of Strategic Management. To understand the implications of this
move, it is essential to analyze the strategy employed by the organization and the underlying
reasons that led to such a decision.
Concept and application
General Motors’ exit from the Indian market can be categorized as a “Market Exit Strategy”

 

 

Advance Supply Chain Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Information technology (IT) plays an important role in the supply chain as it
automates most supply chain processes of an organization. Discuss how you would
convince your organization that application of various cutting-edge technologies like
GPS, EDI, RFID etc., can help to optimize its supply chain. Give examples. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In today’s rapidly evolving market landscape, the integration of Information Technology (IT)
into supply chain operations is no longer a luxury but a necessity. The advent of cutting-edge
technologies such as GPS (Global Positioning System), EDI (Electronic Data Interchange),
and RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) offers unparalleled opportunities for enhancing
supply chain efficiency, visibility, and responsiveness. Convincing an organization to adopt
these technologies involves demonstrating their tangible benefits, including improved
inventory management, streamlined logistics, enhanced data accuracy, and reduced
operational costs. By leveraging these technologies, organizations can achieve a competitive
edge, ensuring agility and resilience in the face of fluctuating market demands and global
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Q2. A consumer product manufacturing company is looking for ways to improve its
inventory management. Do you think Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) is a good
option to consider by the company? Support your discussion with real-life examples of
VMI. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) represents a pivotal shift in the traditional inventory
management paradigm, where suppliers take the reins in managing their clients’ inventory
levels. This model fosters a collaborative relationship between suppliers and their customers,
aiming to streamline the supply chain, reduce inventory costs, and enhance service levels. By
allowing vendors to monitor stock levels and demand signals in real-time, companies can
achieve a more efficient replenishment process, minimizing stockouts and excess inventory.
The adoption of VMI can lead to substantial benefits, including improved inventory accuracy,
Q3. Maxx Industry, a FMCG company, reports cost of goods sold for the financial year
2020-2021 as Rs.240 Lakhs. During that period, it carried an average inventory of Rs.60
Lakhs. The inventory carrying rate for Maxx Industry is 12% per unit per annum. As
part of its ongoing supply chain process improvement Maxx Industry is able to increase
the inventory turnover to 12 turns in the financial year 2021-2022 for the same cost of
goods sold (Rs240L).
a) How much savings will Maxx Industry would have achieved in financial year 2021-
2022? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Maxx Industry, an FMCG company, embarked on a supply chain improvement initiative with
a focus on increasing its inventory turnover. By maintaining the same cost of goods sold
(COGS) at Rs.240 Lakhs during the financial years 2020-2021 and 2021-2022, but increasing
inventory turnover from its previous rate to 12 turns annually, the company aimed at
achieving significant savings. The inventory carrying rate stood at 12%, providing a clear
b) Maxx Industry wants to improve the effectiveness of its supply chain using Supply
Chain Operations Reference (SCOR). Discuss how SCOR model may provide Maxx a
process-based methodology to manage its supply chain. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Maxx Industry’s ambition to elevate its supply chain effectiveness can be strategically
supported by implementing the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model. This
framework offers a comprehensive, process-based approach to diagnosing, understanding,
and enhancing supply chain operations. By encapsulating all business activities from supplier
to customer, including plan, source, make, deliver, return, and enable, SCOR provides a
Brand Management
April 2024 Examination
Case:
Rajesh, a passionate entrepreneur with a deep love for footwear, who envisions
launching a thriving business venture focused on selling branded shoes across
various price ranges. Rajesh’s dream is to establish the largest chain of shoe stores in
major cities across India, providing customers with a vast array of high-quality
footwear options from popular brands. Rajesh has always been an aficionado of shoes
and has observed a noticeable gap in the market for a one-stop shop offering branded
footwear at varying price points. After completing his business studies, he gained
experience working for an established shoe retailer and sharpened his skills in retail
management, inventory control, and customer service.
The Vision:
Rajesh’s vision for his new business is to create a brand that caters to the diverse and
dynamic Indian market. He envisions opening a series of showrooms in the largest cities
in India, where customers can explore a wide selection of branded shoes, ranging from
affordable and trendy to premium and luxurious options.
Key Components of Rajesh’s Business:
Store Locations: Rajesh is planning to set up his biggest showrooms in major cities like
Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Kolkata, and Chennai. These locations are strategically
chosen to tap into the diverse consumer bases and fashion-conscious populations of
these cities.
Brand Selection: Rajesh understands the importance of offering a diverse portfolio of
brands. His business will collaborate with both national and international brands,
ensuring a wide range of styles, designs, and price points to cater to various customer
preferences.
Variety of Price Ranges: Rajesh’s business will feature footwear in all price categories.
From budget-friendly options for students and budget-conscious customers to premium
brands for those seeking luxury and style, there will be something for everyone.
Customer Experience: Rajesh is passionate about offering exceptional customer service.
His staff will be knowledgeable about the products and offer personalized assistance to
help customers find the perfect pair of shoes. He also plans to implement loyalty
programs and promotions to keep customers coming back.
Online Presence: Recognizing the importance of the digital landscape, Rajesh plans to
establish an e-commerce platform to reach customers beyond the physical store
locations. The online platform will offer the same range of brands and price options,
making it convenient for customers to shop from the comfort of their homes.
Supply Chain Management: To ensure a steady supply of fresh stock, Rajesh will
establish strong relationships with suppliers and implement efficient inventory
management systems.
This will help in keeping stock levels optimized and maintaining a variety of styles for
customers to choose from.
Marketing and Promotion: Rajesh plans to invest in marketing strategies that
encompass both traditional and digital channels. He will collaborate with influencers,
run social media campaigns, and conduct local events and promotions to create buzz
around his stores.
Rajesh’s vision for his new business venture, offering branded shoes across all price
ranges in the biggest showrooms in major Indian cities, is a compelling concept. With a
strong business plan focused on location, product diversity, and customer satisfaction,
he is poised for success in the dynamic and ever-evolving retail market. Rajesh’s
dedication and strategic approach set the stage for an exciting and profitable future in
the footwear industry.
1) You have been selected as a brand in charge of the business and you have been given
a task to work on brand elements including brand name. Elaborate on various types of
Brand elements and criteria for choosing those brand elements that you will suggest for
the business. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The task of creating a brand for Rajesh’s ambitious venture in the footwear industry is both
challenging and exhilarating. A brand is much more than a mere name or logo; it embodies
the essence of the business, reflecting its values, vision, and the unique experience it offers.
The process of developing brand elements is crucial as these components will communicate
the brand’s identity, establish its position in the market, and build a connection with the target
audience. For Rajesh’s expansive and diverse vision of providing branded footwear across all
price ranges in major Indian cities, choosing the right brand elements is imperative. These
elements, which include the brand name, logo, tagline, color palette, typography, and other
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2) As a brand expert, explain the four steps of Brand Building for Rajesh’s Business. (10
Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Embarking on the journey of brand building for Rajesh’s footwear business, a venture poised
to redefine the retail shoe market in India, requires a deep understanding of the intricate
process of brand development. This journey involves more than just creating a visually
appealing logo or an attractive marketing campaign; it is about forging a connection with the
target audience and establishing a distinct position in the marketplace. The four steps of brand
building – Brand Positioning, Brand Marketing, Brand Identity, and Brand Management –
form the pillars of this process. These steps are essential in translating Rajesh’s vision into a
3) As a brand in charge of the business, explain your concepts on branding with
example to
Rajesh:
a) Explain and relate the Information processing model of communication with the
purchase of footwear for a consumer. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Understanding consumer behavior is crucial for effective branding and communication,
especially in a market as diverse as footwear. The Information Processing Model of
Communication offers a valuable framework for comprehending how consumers perceive,
interpret, and act upon marketing messages. By applying this model to Rajesh’s footwear
business, we can better grasp how
b) How will you promote the brand using tools of Marketing Communication?(5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the dynamic and competitive world of footwear retail, the promotion of a brand is pivotal
to its success. Marketing communication tools offer a myriad of ways to engage with
potential customers, build brand awareness, and drive sales. For Rajesh’s footwear brand,
utilizing these tools effectively can create a strong market presence and foster a loyal c
Business Communication
April 2024 Examination
1) Ritu wants to prepare a presentation for the first time for her HNI customers about
the new scheme launched by her financial company. In light of this situation, discuss the
three-step process for planning a presentation in detail. How should Ritu go about using
the three steps for her? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Preparing a presentation for High Net-worth Individuals (HNI) customers requires meticulous
planning and a tailored approach. Ritu, in her endeavor to introduce a new scheme from her
financial company, must engage in a strategic and effective communication process. This
scenario is best approached through a three-step process: analyzing the audience, defining the
purpose, and designing the content. The audience analysis is crucial, especially when dealing
with HNI clients, as it helps in understanding their needs, expectations, and investment
behavior. Defining the purpose provides clarity and focus, ensuring that the presentation
directly addresses the clients’ interests and the benefits of the new scheme. Lastly, designing
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2) Networking is the most important skill for anyone. Especially so at the start of one’s
career. Discuss some points towards using specific potentials towards solutions focusing
on taking initiatives towards finding right opportunities from the crowded market and
building one’s own network for reaching to the opportunities. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Networking is often hailed as the cornerstone of professional success, particularly at the onset
of one’s career. In the contemporary business world, characterized by intense competition and
rapid technological advancements, the ability to forge meaningful connections is not just
beneficial, but essential. The initiation of one’s career is a critical phase, laden with potential
but also uncertainty. Here, networking emerges as a powerful tool, capable of unlocking
doors to numerous opportunities that otherwise might remain inaccessible. It transcends the
mere exchange of business cards or LinkedIn connections; it’s about cultivating relationships,
exchanging knowledge, and building a web of contacts that can provide support, advice, and
3) Rakesh is planning for a short workshop about using social media for home business
owner women. He thinks they can use social media to their benefit a lot and need to
share ideas with them. He is planning to focus on creating effective content for social
media. Please answer the questions based on the given situation.
a) What tips should Rakesh share with those entrepreneurs for using social media for
business communication? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Rakesh’s initiative to conduct a workshop for home business owner women on leveraging
social media for their businesses is a commendable step towards empowering them in the
digital space. Social media platforms offer immense potential for business growth and brand
building, particularly for small and home-based businesses. These platforms provide an
unparalleled opportunity to reach a wider audience, engage with customers, and create a
b) How should Rakesh elaborate on the role of microblogging in business
communication? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In Rakesh’s workshop focused on using social media for home business owners, an important
aspect to cover is the role of microblogging in business communication. Microblogging, a
form of concise, immediate communication exemplified by platforms like Twitter, offers
unique advantages for business owners, especially in the realms of marketing, customer
engagement, and brand building. It’s a powerful tool for real-time interaction and
Business Economics
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Complete the given table by showing the calculation/Steps for marginal utility. Also,
enumerate the relationship between Total utility and marginal Utility. (10 Marks)
Shirt ( units )
Total Utility
Marginal Utility
1
22
2
43
3
63
4
81
5
97
6
111
7
123
8
133
Ans 1.
Introduction
Understanding the concept of marginal utility is pivotal in the field of business economics, as
it provides significant insights into consumer behavior and demand theory. Marginal utility
refers to the additional satisfaction or benefit that a consumer derives from consuming an
additional unit of a good or service. This concept is rooted in the fundamental economic
assumption that individuals make decisions to maximize their utility or satisfaction. As
consumers consume more units of a good, their overall satisfaction, known as total utility,
increases. However, the incremental benefit or marginal utility typically decreases with each
professionals approach market dynamics and consumer preferences.
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Q2. Anika is working in “Footon ltd Company” that manufactures formal and informal
shoes for both men and women. It is observed that for the last few years, the sales
figures are fluctuating and there are no vivid reason for the same. Anika’s manager
have asked her to prepare a short notes on the importance of forecasting .Also her
manager wants to know if implementing sales force composite and Delphi method can
be useful for their Organisation?
(10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic business landscape, where companies like “Footon ltd Company” experience
unpredictable fluctuations in sales, the significance of accurate forecasting becomes
paramount. Forecasting, in essence, is the art and science of predicting future trends based on
past and present data. It plays a crucial role in enabling businesses to anticipate market
movements, align resources effectively, and make informed strategic decisions. For a
company that operates in the diverse market of formal and informal footwear for both
genders, understanding and predicting consumer preferences and market trends is essential.
Q3a. “For a business owner, knowing their cost of production is a vital step in creating
and maintaining a profitable business. “With reference to the above statement explain
Business Cost, Opportunity cost and Social cost with example (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the realm of business economics, cost management plays a pivotal role in ensuring the
sustainability and profitability of a business. Costs are not just monetary expenditures but
encompass a broader spectrum of economic sacrifices made for business operations. Business
Cost, Opportunity Cost, and Social Cost are three fundamental concepts that provide a
comprehensive understanding of the economic implications of business decisions. These
Q3b. “Economies of scale are cost advantages reaped by companies when production
becomes efficient “With reference to the given statement explain what do you
understand by Economies of scale and elaborate on any two types of Economies of scale.
(5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Economies of scale are a fundamental concept in business economics, playing a crucial role
in shaping the competitive landscape across various industries. This concept refers to the cost
advantages that businesses experience as their production scale increases. When a company
grows and its output expands, it often enjoys reduced costs per unit of output. This
Business Ethics, Governance & Risk
April 2024 Examination
1. Choose any ONE listed company from the BSE/NSE list of top 150 companies by
turnover. Locate the Business Responsibility & Sustainability Report or ESG Report
(under Statutory/Directors Report) in the Annual Report of 2022-23. Read through the
following;
Section C, Principle 3, 4 and 5 (in BRSR)
Chairman and/or CEO’s letter (in annual report)
Business strategy (in annual report)
Risk management (in annual report)
ESG performance (in annual report/ BRSR)
Company website (ESG / sustainability)
Sustainability/Integrated report (if available)
Collate the information disclosed under these 3 principles from all the above
information sources and prepare an executive summary, in your own words, on the
company’s philosophy, approach/policy, initiatives and social performance data that
showcases its commitment towards its stakeholders, both internal and external. (10
Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), a globally renowned IT services, consulting, and business
solutions organization, demonstrates a strong commitment to ethical business practices,
effective governance, and comprehensive risk management. As a part of the BSE/NSE top
150 companies, TCS’s approach to Business Responsibility & Sustainability (BRS) is a
testament to its dedication towards its stakeholders, encompassing employees, clients,
society, and the environment. The Business Responsibility & Sustainability Report (BRSR)
and ESG Report for 2022-23, along with the Chairman and CEO’s letters, articulate TCS’s
strategic orientation towards sustainability and ethical practices. These documents, coupled
with the company’s website and other publicly available reports, offer a comprehensive view
of TCS’s philosophy and policy initiatives. They highlight TCS’s efforts in embedding
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2) Go through the ‘Management Discussion and Analysis’ section of the annual report
of the company selected in Q1 and prepare an analytical write up on the Risk
Management Framework of the company, select any three risks which according to you
are critical for this company and explain why do you think they are critical and what
are the mitigation strategies deployed by the company to effectively manage them. (10
Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the rapidly evolving landscape of global business, risk management remains a pivotal
aspect of organizational resilience and success, especially for technology giants like Tata
Consultancy Services (TCS). The ‘Management Discussion and Analysis’ section of TCS’s
annual report provides a comprehensive overview of its Risk Management Framework,
highlighting how the company identifies, assesses, and mitigates potential risks. This
proactive approach is crucial in navigating the complex challenges faced by TCS in its
operations. The framework not only aligns with the company’s strategic objectives but also
3) You have studied Business Ethics as a structured subject for the first time.
a) Provide a personal observation as to how it has influenced/altered your perception
and understanding of the process of doing business? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Studying Business Ethics as a formal subject has been an enlightening experience,
significantly altering my perspective on the business world. Previously, my understanding of
business was primarily focused on profitability, efficiency, and market competitiveness.
However, delving into Business Ethics has revealed the profound impact of ethical
considerations on these traditional business objectives. This journey into the realm of ethical
b) Explain three ways/examples in which you will apply ethical decision-making
process/tools in your day-to-day business decision-making process, whatever be the type
of your current business, function, role and designation. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The incorporation of ethical decision-making processes into daily business activities is
fundamental to fostering a culture of integrity and responsibility. Regardless of the nature of
my current role, applying ethical principles is pivotal in guiding my actions and decisions.
This approach not only enhances the trust and credibility of the business but also aligns with
Business Law
April 2024 Examination
1. In the recent past, social media marketing has witnessed an enormous increase. This
has given birth to a bandwagon of social media influencers, who spend hours creating
content and doing various other activities such as endorsing, reviewing, or advertising a
brand. A survey recently conducted showed that 92% of consumers believed that
influencer marketing was an effective form of marketing. With the increase in the
industry, various issues in this regard have also elevated. Explain whether the
Consumer Protection Act 2019 covers advertisements by social media influencers and if
yes, the situations when and all the advertisement by such social media influencer may
be considered as misleading advertisement. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of modern marketing, social media influencers have emerged as
pivotal figures. With the rapid growth of digital platforms, these influencers command
significant influence over consumer choices, shaping trends and preferences. The surge in
social media marketing has prompted a reevaluation of traditional advertising norms and
regulations. One critical aspect of this evolution is the intersection of influencer marketing
with legal frameworks, particularly the Consumer Protection Act 2019. This Act, a
cornerstone in safeguarding consumer interests, potentially addresses the complexities
introduced by social media influencers. As these influencers increasingly engage in
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2. It was observed that a contract made by free consent and will of parties who are thus
competent under the law to contract for a lawful consideration providing a lawful
consideration and thus not expressly declared by any law or contract act to be void.
Explain the concept of valid, void and voidable contract along with explaining the
essentials of valid contract. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
A contract is a fundamental element in the realm of business law, representing a mutual
agreement between two or more parties, legally binding them to fulfill specific obligations.
The cornerstone of any contract lies in its validity, ensuring that all parties are equally
protected under the law. A valid contract is one that meets all the legal requirements set forth
in the contract law, encompassing elements such as free consent, competent parties, lawful
consideration, and a lawful object. This discussion aims to delve into the intricate details of
valid, void, and voidable contracts, each representing unique legal scenarios. While a valid
3. Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Bill 2023 is proposed to be passed by the
Government of India. It is opined in public that Digital Personal Data Protection
(DPDP) Bill 2023 would erode the right to information and weaken the accountability of
public servants to citizens.
a) Examine how DPDP Bill 2023 might affect the genesis of the Right to Information
Act. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The introduction of the Digital Personal Data Protection (DPDP) Bill 2023 in India marks a
significant development in the country’s data privacy landscape. This proposed legislation
aims to regulate the handling and processing of personal data in the digital age. However, it
has sparked debate concerning its potential impact on the Right to Information (RTI) Act, a
pivotal law that empowers Indian citizens to access information from public authorities. This
b) Explain the duties of a Public Information Officer under the Right to Information
Act. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The Right to Information (RTI) Act, enacted in 2005 in India, represents a significant stride
toward promoting transparency and accountability in public administration. At the heart of
this act is the role of the Public Information Officer (PIO), who serves as a pivotal link
between the information held by public authorities and the citizens seeking access to it.
Capital Market & Portfolio Management
April 2024 Examination
1. Only asset allocation strategy is not sufficient for healthy organization. For achieving
financial objective management have to measure the performance of portfolio. Which
different methods you can use measuring portfolio return of your company? (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the rapidly evolving landscape of the capital market, organizations are continually seeking
strategies to optimize their financial performance and enhance shareholder value. While asset
allocation plays a pivotal role in shaping the investment strategy of a company, it is merely the
starting point in the pursuit of achieving financial objectives. A comprehensive approach to
portfolio management necessitates the measurement of portfolio returns, a critical aspect that
provides insights into the effectiveness of investment decisions and the overall health of the
organization. This evaluation not only highlights the success or failure of the chosen investment
strategies but also informs future decisions, ensuring alignment with the company’s financial
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2. If you are going to ascertain whether specific investment strategy helps to earn more
return. Which different test you can apply for judging market efficiency? (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The evaluation of an investment strategy’s effectiveness in generating returns is a pivotal aspect
of portfolio management and is inherently linked to the concept of market efficiency. Market
efficiency, a cornerstone in the field of financial economics, posits that asset prices reflect all
available information. Thus, the ability to earn above-average returns through specific
investment strategies is contingent upon the degree of market efficiency. To scrutinize the
efficacy of these strategies, various empirical tests are applied, each designed to assess different
dimensions of market efficiency: weak, semi-strong, and strong forms. This analysis is crucial
3a. A financial statement shows the financial status of an organization. If your customer is
asking credit, so as a supplier you should check the financial status of that customer. How
different financial statement can guide you in your decision? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
When extending credit to a customer, assessing their financial health is paramount to mitigate
risk and ensure the likelihood of repayment. Financial statements serve as a comprehensive
reflection of an organization’s financial status, offering crucial insights into its liquidity,
profitability, and solvency. These documents—namely the balance sheet, income statement, and
cash flow statement—provide a detailed overview of a company’s financial operations and
b. Expected return on a security is 19.5% & risk free rate of return is 9.5%. Mr. A is
confused for calculating risk premium. Help him to calculate risk premium. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the realm of investments, understanding the concept of risk premium is essential for any
investor, including Mr. A, who seeks to navigate the complexities of financial markets. The risk
premium of a security is a fundamental concept that reflects the additional return an investor
expects to receive for taking on the higher risk associated with that security compared to a riskfree asset.
The risk-free
rate
serves as a benchmark for assessing the
attractiveness of investment
Cloud Computing
April 2024 Examination
Q1. You are the CIO of a Global Pharma Major. Your firm works very closely – e.g.
sharing Confidential Documents (e.g., NDA / ANDA, Clinical Trials, etc.) with your
Tier1 and Tier2 Subcontractors. As such, you are evaluating the use of cloud and the
right choice for the deployment model for your firm and your Tier1 and Tier2
Subcontractors.
Prepare a 2-Page Executive Summary to serve as the basis of an Executive Meeting with
the Leadership of your firm and the CIOs to discuss this initiative. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the rapidly evolving landscape of the pharmaceutical industry, the need for robust, secure,
and scalable data management systems is more crucial than ever. As the Chief Information
Officer (CIO) of a leading global pharmaceutical company, we stand at the cusp of a
transformative decision to enhance our collaboration with Tier1 and Tier2 subcontractors
through cloud computing. This initiative is not just about technological advancement; it’s a
strategic move towards creating a seamless, secure ecosystem for sharing sensitive documents
such as Non-Disclosure Agreements (NDA), Abbreviated New Drug Applications (ANDA),
and Clinical Trial data. The cloud offers unparalleled benefits in terms of accessibility,
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Q2. Rustler Software has a mature and popular Accounting software EzeeBooks. You
are the CTO and you’re working on the Cloud Strategy for EzeeBooks. Specifically, you
are evaluating (a) whether to opt for IaaS, PaaS or SaaS and (b) AWS or Azure.
Prepare a 2-Page Executive Summary of your research and recommendations for
presentation to the Leadership of Rustler Software. You may get more details by
visiting the web site of these firms or you can make your own assumptions. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
As Rustler Software embarks on its journey to elevate EzeeBooks, our leading Accounting
software, into the cloud, a strategic decision-making process is underway to select the optimal
cloud service model and provider. This executive summary encapsulates our comprehensive
analysis and deliberation on whether Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service
(PaaS), or Software as a Service (SaaS) best aligns with our organizational goals, operational
efficiencies, and customer satisfaction criteria. Furthermore, it delves into the comparative
evaluation of two leading cloud services providers: Amazon Web Services (AWS) and
Q3. The Top Management of Dhanvantari Hospitals is meeting to discuss their plan for
a New Patient Records Management Solution. Both the COO, Mr. Das and the CFO,
Mr. Reddy are of the strong opinion that the company should develop and implement a
Custom On-Premise Patient Records Management Solution to be developed by a Top5
IT Firm.
On the other hand, both Ms. Abraham, Head of Sales, and Mr. Sandhu, CIO are keen
to move to a popular SaaS-based Patient Records Management Product. The debate is
getting heated as Mr. Das also recalled past IT system implementation failures.
a. What arguments can Mr. Das make in favor of in-house Custom On-Premise Patient
Records Management Solution? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The discourse surrounding the future direction of Dhanvantari Hospitals’ Patient Records
Management Solution embodies a critical juncture in its operational and technological
roadmap. Mr. Das and Mr. Reddy’s advocacy for a Custom On-Premise Solution stems from
a confluence of strategic, operational, and security considerations. This position is
underscored by past experiences and a desire to tailor solutions to the hospital’s unique needs.
b. What arguments can Mr. Sandhu make in favor of a SaaS-based Patient Records
Management Product? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The pivot towards a SaaS-based Patient Records Management Product represents a strategic
embrace of agility, innovation, and cost-effectiveness in healthcare IT management. Mr.
Sandhu, advocating for this modern approach, underscores the alignment of SaaS solutions
with the evolving digital healthcare landscape. This perspective is anchored in the benefits of
scalability, ease of implementation, and continuous updates that SaaS platforms inherently
Commercial Banking System & Role of RBI
April 2024 Examination
1. Banking plays an important role in growth of trade and commerce in the economy.
Bank is also known as Financial Intermediary, explain this role of bank. The success of
any bank depends on customer service, what types of products and services will you
design to attract young millennial customers. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Banking institutions have long been pivotal in facilitating economic growth, acting as the
lifeblood that fuels trade and commerce. At their core, banks serve as financial
intermediaries, bridging the gap between savers and borrowers, thus enabling the efficient
allocation of resources across the economy. This intermediary role is not merely about
deposit taking and lending but extends to a myriad of financial services that cater to the
diverse needs of individuals, businesses, and governments. In an era characterized by rapid
technological advancements and shifting consumer preferences, banks are increasingly
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2. Banks today are focusing more on non-fund based loans than traditional fund based
loans. What are the reasons for such steps by banks? Explain three fund based and
three non-fund based loans. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The commercial banking landscape has undergone significant evolution, particularly in their
lending practices. In recent years, there has been a noticeable shift from traditional fundbased

loans to non-fund based loans. This transition reflects the changing dynamics of
financial needs, risk management strategies, and profitability models within the banking
sector. Fund-based loans, where banks disburse funds and earn interest, have been the
cornerstone of banking operations. However, the increasing preference for non-fund based
facilities, where banks guarantee financial support without immediate fund disbursement,
marks a strategic shift. This approach not only caters to the diversified needs of modern
3. Banking is risky business and it needs different skill sets to negotiate the business,
Banks are exposed to different types of risks due to diverse business they handle,
Though 100% risk cannot be eliminated but definitely by prudent management,
experience and skills risks can be reduced and controlled :
a. Explain reputation risk and credit risk and ways to reduce these risks. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Banking, inherently fraught with various risks, demands a sophisticated blend of
management, experience, and skill to navigate its complexities successfully. Among the
plethora of risks faced by banks, reputation risk and credit risk stand out for their potential to
significantly impact the financial health and standing of a banking institution. While it is
impossible to eliminate these risks entirely, through prudent risk management strategies, their
b. How banks handle interest rate risk and market risk? (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Interest rate risk and market risk are significant concerns for banks, given their potential to
erode the value of assets and impact profitability. Interest rate risk arises from fluctuations in
interest rates affecting the bank’s loan and investment portfolios, while market risk involves
losses due to changes in market variables, such as equity prices, interest rates, and foreign
exchange rates. Effectively managing these risks is crucial for maintaining financial stability
Compensation & Benefits
April 2024 Examination
Q1. The major elements in the “wage structure” of a mid-sized manufacturing company
are as follows:- a) Basic Pay; b) Yearly Increments to Mgl staff based on Pay grade c)
Individual Incentive scheme to workmen and d) Benefits include i) Pickup & drop
facility by Co’s own Transport Dept ii) free lunch in Co’s Canteen iii) Medical Benefit
as per ESI scheme for workmen category & actuals for Mgl staff & other statutory
b’fits like PF & Gratuity. The company manufactures electrical components for the
auto industry and lately it has not been doing too well because of increased
competition, mainly from Chinese companies. Accordingly, the Co has requested you
to recommend suitable cost saving measures to increase the profitability. What will be
your recommendation? (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In addressing the challenge of enhancing profitability for a mid-sized manufacturing
company in the competitive electrical components sector, particularly against the backdrop of
intensifying competition from Chinese companies, it’s crucial to scrutinize and optimize the
existing wage structure. This structure encompasses elements such as Basic Pay, Yearly
Increments for Managerial (Mgl) staff, Individual Incentive schemes for workmen, and
various benefits including transportation, meals, medical, Provident Fund (PF), and Gratuity.
While these components are fundamental for employee satisfaction and retention, the
financial strain they impose necessitates a strategic review. The objective is to balance cost-
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Q2. Preeti and Susan were Chartered Accountants and they had about twenty years of
experience each in working with reputed Audit & Financial Consultancy firms. Both
resigned from their positions and started a small Audit firm of their own after taking a
loan from a bank. Since they were a “start-up” company they employed a few qualified
people and also paid them better than the market rate.
Initially they struggled, but after some time their financial condition got better and by
the end of seven years they reached a very stable position. By that time, they were
employing fifteen people who had been inducted into the Co at different levels drawing
different pay. However, as there was no regular pay structure, there was wide disparity
in the pay drawn by different employees. To rectify this situation, both Preeti & Susan
decided to request you to give a framework for employee’s pay fixation. (10 marks)
The category of the people employed by the Co is given below:-
i) Partners  Chartered Accountants who had about 10 yrs of experience – 3
ii) Jr Partners  Cost Accountants having different yrs of experience – 2
iii) Audit Assistants  Graduates with Accountancy as major (diff experiences) – 6 iv)
Clerk  Ordinary graduates – 3
v) Office Boy  Higher Secondary -1
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of small business growth, Preeti and Susan’s Audit firm presents an
interesting case study in the evolution of compensation strategies. Their journey from a
startup to a stable business entity highlights the critical role that an effective pay structure
plays in maintaining equity and motivation among employees. Initially, their strategy of
offering above-market rates served well in attracting qualified talent. However, as the firm
grew, the lack of a structured pay scale led to disparities, undermining fairness and potentially
affecting employee morale and productivity. The challenge now lies in developing a
comprehensive framework for employee pay fixation that is equitable, competitive, and
Q3. Sunil was in his final year of the Diploma Course in Mechanical Engineering when
he got a decent job in a medium sized Engineering company manufacturing components
for the auto industry.
The factory had three main units which were, i) Foundry section which prepared the
moulds for casting ii) Casting & Finishing section where the machine parts were cast
and cleaned iii) Engineering section where the casting was machined according to the
client’s requirements. There were also the usual supporting departments like Purchase,
Accounts, Maintenance and Despatch.
Sunil was appointed as a “Trainee Engineer” in the Foundry section and was asked to
look after the Spare Parts function of the Foundry. The job was not difficult but
cumbersome as the Foundry required thousands of mainly small items like linseed oil,
sand, special resins, nails of various sizes etc. which were difficult to keep track.
However, Sunil put in a lot of effort to understand the entire process and since he was
quite intelligent, within a short time, he developed a complete mastery of the entire
system. His Supervisor was therefore very pleased and so confirmed him in the position
of “Junior Engineer” after expiry of only six months instead of twelve.
For the first three years Sunil gave his best to create a good name for himself and to
build the foundations of a good career in the organization. He made many suggestions in
the procurement process of Spares and also introduced manufacturing of some critical
spares in-house which till date were being procured from outside at considerable cost.
All these innovations earned him a very good name and so at the end of three years the
management gave him an out of turn promotion to “Assistant Engineer”.
At this time, he found that other “Assistant Engineers” in the Engineering and Casting
sections got considerably more than him as salary and other allowances. His Supervisor
told him that this difference was expected as he was working in a “Supporting”
department whereas the others were linked with the direct production process. Sunil
felt his job was also no less demanding and challenging than the others and he had also
contributed in many ways to bring considerable cost savings for the organization.
Therefore, he felt that his salary should also be at par with them. So he requested the
Chief Engineer (Foundry) for a transfer to the production area but his request was
summarily rejected as he was too valuable to be released.
Sunil wanted a change of duties, not only for the better pay but also because he had
mastered the work in his section and it was no longer challenging. He was also sure that
he could contribute much in a new area. After six months he appealed again to the Chief
Engr (Foundry) for transfer but it was again refused without giving him a chance to be
heard. So, he felt that the organization was not allowing him to grow and this made him
very frustrated. As a result, he lost all his initiative and stopped giving suggestions.
At this time, he also found that some of his classmates were earning more than him and
this made him more frustrated. Thus, at the end of the fifth year, Sunil discreetly
started applying outside. He confided about this to his Supervisor but he advised him to
wait and stay in the company as he had a very good future. However, Sunil declined his
suggestion as he felt that he was being ignored and Co prevented him from showing his
potential. By the end of another year he got a good offer and left.
Q3a) Would you blame the Supervisor only for Sunil leaving the company? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Sunil’s situation in the engineering company highlights a critical issue in human resource
management and employee retention. While his initial enthusiasm and innovations
significantly contributed to the company, his subsequent experiences reveal the complexities
of career progression, job satisfaction, and compensation fairness within an organization. The
case illustrates the challenges faced by employees who feel undervalued and restricted in
Q3b) Do you feel that “compensation” is the only issue why Sunil Left? (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The departure of Sunil from the engineering company he worked for raises fundamental
questions about employee turnover and its underlying causes. While compensation is often a
significant factor in such decisions, it is rarely the sole reason for an employee’s departure.
Sunil’s case, involving unmet career aspirations and perceived inequities, provides an
insightful context to explore the multifaceted reasons behind employee attrition.
Understanding the broader scope of Sunil’s dissatisfaction requires a nuanced examination of
Corporate Finance
April 2024 Examination
1. With the following information, calculate Degree of Operating, Financial and Total
Leverage.
Sharma & Co. had a sales of Rs. 25, 00,000 in their jewelers making business. That year
they sold 15,000 units. The cost of production was as follows:
Raw Material 450000
Labour 750000
Factory Overheads
Fixed 120000
Variable 85000
Further the company incurred Selling and Distribution expenses of Rs. 90,000, towards
advertising and other marketing overheads. The company also had borrowed Rs. 12,00,000
@ 8% interest rate. (10 Marks)
Ans:
To calculate the Degree of Operating, Financial, and Total Leverage, we must break down the
costs and expenses and then compute the different components.
1. The Degree of Operating Leverage (DOL) determines the level of sensitivity of a
company’s operating income to modifications in its sales. It helps recognize how
efficiently a company uses its set costs to generate earnings.
Mathematically, the formula for Operating Leverage is:
Operating Leverage = Contribution Margin / Operating Income
Where:
Contribution Margin = Sales – Variable Costs
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2. Parag is evaluating 3 options for investment of his surplus money of Rs. 5, 00,000/- for a
period of 5 years.
i. Invest it in a FD which gives him a return of 8% compounded quarterly.
ii. Invest in a Corporate Deposit at a rate of 7% compounded monthly.
iii. Invest it in a Business Proposal which gives him the following returns.
Considering the risk involved, the discounting factor is considered @10%.
As his finance advisor which option would you suggest him. Provide reasons.
Year CF
1 1, 50,000
2 3, 20,000
3 3, 45,000
4 2, 75,000
5 2, 15,000
Ans:
Introduction:
Evaluation of Investment Options for Parag’s Surplus Funds
In the quest to make the best use of financial growth and sensible investment choices, Parag is
entrusted with strategically assigning a surplus of Rs. 5, 00,000 for a five-year investment
perspective. This evaluation aims to supply comprehensive insights and suggestions on three
unique investment methods available to Parag.
The analysis compares three popular investment vehicles offering distinct recommendations and
varying risk and possible returns. The options under consideration encompass typical financial
instruments like Fixed Deposits (FDs) and Corporate Deposits, compared against a business
3. a. A project is started with an initial investment of Rs. 6, 00,000. The cash flows
generated over the next 4 years are Rs. 1,00,000 ; Rs. 2,50,000 ; Rs. 4,56,000 ; Rs. 5,74,000.
Calculate the NPV of the project at discounting rate of 11%
Also calculate the real discounting rate, when inflation is at 6% (5 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
Net Existing Value (NPV) is a cornerstone in financial analysis and investment decision-making,
representing a primary metric for analyzing the practicality and profitability of possible
investments. NPV encapsulates the significance of the time value of money, assisting in
b. M/s Tridev Limited issues bonds of Rs. 25,000/- at 10% interest rate for 10 years.
Calculate its YTM is the bonds are issued:
a. At Par
b. At Discount of 8%
c. At premium of 12%
Make your inferences about the YTM for each option. (5 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
In finance, bonds are critical financial instruments companies and governments use to raise
capital. They represent financial obligation commitments wherein the provider borrows funds
from capitalists for regular interest payments and the return of the principal amount at maturity.
Accept Maturity (YTM) is an essential statistic used to evaluate the potential return a financier
might earn from a bond if held until maturity. It is necessary because it considers the interest
Cost & Management Accounting
April 2024 Examination
Q1. In a particular month, 1,000 units were introduced in Process A. The normal loss is
estimated at 5% of input. At the end of the month, 700 units were produced and
transferred to Process B, 230 were incomplete units and 70 units were scrapped at the
end of the process. The incomplete units had the following degree of completion:
materials 75%, labor 50%, overheads 50%.
Additional details of process A are as follows:
(Rs.)
Cost of 1000 units introduced
29000
Additional materials consumed
7200
Direct Labour
16700
Allocated overheads
8350
The scrapped units were sold at Rs. 10 per unit. Compute:
1. Statement of Equivalent Production
2. Statement of Cost
3. Statement of Evaluation
4. Process A account (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
To compute the Statement of Equivalent Production, Statement of Cost, Statement of
Evaluation, and process A account, we can follow these steps:
1. Statement of Equivalent Production:
Equivalent Production = Completed and transferred unit+(Degree of completion of
incomplete units * Incomplete units)
Equivalent Production =700+(0.75×230)+(0.5×230)+(0.5×230)
Equivalent Production =700+172.5+115+115
Equivalent Production =1,102.5
2. Statement of Cost:
a. Cost per Equivalent Unit:
Cost per Equivalent Unit = Equivalent Production Cost of Production
Cost of production = cost of 1,000 units introduced + Additional materials consumed + Direct
Labor + Allocated overheads
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Q2. The following information in respect of a production process is available for the
month of April 2023.
Budgeted
Actual
Output Units
120000
130000
Hours
120000
132000
Fixed Overheads
180000
200000
Variable Overheads
240000
272000
Working Days
100
104
Compute the relevant overheads variances. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the realm of managerial accounting, the computation of overhead variances is a pivotal
tool for understanding and controlling costs within a production process. Overhead variances
are discrepancies between actual and budgeted overhead costs, which are classified into fixed
and variable categories. The assessment of these variances provides valuable insights into the
efficiency and effectiveness of production operations. In the given scenario, we are presented
Q3. In the course of developing the global accounting standards, the International
Financial Reporting Standards are widely recognized over 100 countries. Therefore,
more and more companies are presenting their financial information in the
International Financial Reporting Standards to their internal and external users. As one
of the largest retailers in the world, Mil Ltd. has its business over 10 countries and
employed almost 3,20,000 people. It is very interesting to see how its accounting
information supports its operations. To show how the business is running, the
accounting information are provided to all users as managers, customers, suppliers,
associations and government. As a retailer, it is very important for Mil Ltd. to provide a
positive financial statement to its accounting information users.
a. In the context of the above case study, identify and explain the relevance of
Management Accounting Information to the employees. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Management accounting plays a crucial role in guiding and informing decision-making
within a business. For a global retail giant like Mil Ltd., operating in multiple countries and
employing a vast workforce, management accounting information becomes a cornerstone for
internal operational efficiency and strategic planning. This information, when tailored and
disseminated appropriately, can significantly impact the performance and motivation of
employees at all levels. Understanding the relevance of management accounting information
b. Explain in what way management accounting practices in global perspective are
relevant to shareholders? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the dynamic and interconnected global business environment, management accounting
practices play a pivotal role in shaping shareholder perceptions and investment decisions. For
shareholders, particularly in globally operating companies like Mil Ltd., these practices offer
critical insights into the company’s operational efficiency, strategic direction, and financial
health. The relevance of management accounting practices from a global perspective to
Customer Relationship Management
April 2024 Examination
1. Raman is a CRM IT consultant. He has started his consultancy to advice his clients
on implementing CRM technology. What do you think will be his pitch to his
prospective clients regarding the advantages, disadvantages of CRM and its prospects.
(10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) has become an indispensable tool in the modern
business landscape, where maintaining and enhancing customer relations is paramount.
Raman, as a CRM IT consultant, finds himself at the forefront of this dynamic field. His
consultancy revolves around guiding clients through the intricacies of CRM technology
implementation, a task that demands not just technological proficiency but also an in-depth
understanding of various business processes and customer behavior. In his pitch to
prospective clients, Raman is likely to emphasize the transformative power of CRM systems
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2. Reciprocation is a wonderful way of forging relationships. With the context of CRM,
how will you use the concept of reciprocation to forge a strong relationship with your
customers, in B2B markets? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic world of Business-to-Business (B2B) markets, Customer Relationship
Management (CRM) plays a pivotal role in maintaining and enhancing business relationships.
At its core, CRM is about understanding, anticipating, and responding to the needs of current
and potential customers to foster long-term engagements. A crucial aspect of this strategy is
the principle of reciprocation, which can be a powerful tool in building strong customer
relationships. Reciprocation, rooted in social psychology, refers to the human tendency to
want to give something back when something is received. In the B2B context, this translates
3. You are the Chief Information Officer, who is about to implement, a CRM solution.
How will you:
a. Ensure correctness and strength of your database and build a database of your
customers? How will you source the data for this? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
As the Chief Information Officer (CIO) responsible for implementing a Customer
Relationship Management (CRM) solution, ensuring the correctness and strength of our
customer database is of paramount importance. A robust and accurate customer database
forms the foundation for effective CRM, enabling us to build meaningful relationships and
b. A CRM roadmap is necessary for the technological implementation. Which are the
areas (Sales, Service and Marketing) out of the 3 will you prioritize and why? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In crafting a CRM roadmap for technological implementation, the decision to prioritize
specific areas such as Sales, Service, or Marketing is pivotal. Each of these domains has its
unique importance in the customer journey, and the choice depends on the organization’s
strategic goals and immediate priorities. This response will delve into the concept of
Decision Science
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Calculate the probability for the following statements. Draw the Probability tree
diagram also.
In a medical college of Pune (a class of 100 people), 30 % people Like to have Misal-pav
on the farewell party as per the google form survey. Remaining people have chosen
vadapav. Out of those who have chosen Misal-pav 50 % said that they would eat only
Jain Misal pav. Well, 30 % of those have chosen Vadapav, also said they would have
Jain Vadapav only.
What is the stack (percent & number) of people Who will have Jain Food (including
MISal pav and Vadapav)
What is the probability of selecting a person who would eat Misal pav given that
person’s diet type is Jain. (10 Marks)
Note: Handmade drawing of Diagram is prohibited; prepare it with the help of software
like MS-Word.
Ans 1Introduction:
In
the
diverse
tapestry
of
culinary
preferences
that
color
our
social
gatherings,
selecting
food

becomes

critical, showing social dispositions and specific preferences. In this context, a
captivating circumstance unfolds within the districts of a medical university in Pune, where a
friend of 100 individuals is preparing for a farewell celebration. The menu selection for this
special event has been shaped by a precise survey through Google Forms. This survey not
only determines the choice for two iconic road foods– Misal-pav and Vadapav– but delves
deeper into the nuanced choices within these culinary realms. The appealing dynamics
include considerations for both nutritional and cultural proclivities, with participants sharing
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Q2. Write the interpretation for the following regression model. You are advised to run
the analysis using MS EXCEL.
Here Hiranmayee Dhar, an entrepreneur who is running “Pashminaa” a store of
Pashmina shawls. She is targeting customers via social media applications; she has
chosen Instagram as a platform and had also chosen REELs to advertise her products.
She is looking for a forecasting model to understand the impact of no of likes of the
REELs demonstrating product and its sales (in number of units). (10 Marks)
Reel
Number
Number
Number
of units
sold
of likes
Reel 1 24
1503
Reel 2 24
1564
Reel 3 24
1649
Reel 4 24
1882
Reel 5 26
1924
Reel 6 28
1937
Reel 7 28
1944
Reel 8 29
2086
Reel 9 30
2150
Reel 10 31
2215
Reel 11 32
2366
Reel 12 32
2472
Reel 13 35
2622
Reel 14 35
2792
Reel 15 36
2871
Reel 16 36
2973
Reel 17 38
3000
Reel 18 38
3024
Reel 19 39
3319
Reel 20 40
3336
Reel 21 41
3337
Reel 22 41
3413
Reel 23 41
3479
Reel 24 42
3577
Reel 25 46
3617
Reel 26 46
3922
Reel 27 46
4332
Reel 28 48
4562
Reel 29 48
4577
Reel 30 48
4763
Reel 31 49
4964
Write the regression model.
Discuss the R-square, Multiple R
Discuss the ANOVA
Discuss the Significance of Independent variable and B1 value.
Ans-2
Regression
Statistics

Multiple R
0.97949592
R Square
0.959412257
Adjusted
R
Square
0.95801268
Standard Error
1.669041837
Observations
31
Q3.a) Draw an appropriate chart for the following. Also write your clarification for
choosing that graph. For each variable identify a time-series component present if you
consider
the
long-
term
pattern.
(5 Marks)
Table: Production of Commercial crops. (Source: RBI)
Rapeseed &
Groundnut
(Lakh
Soyabean
(Lakh
Tonnes)
Tonnes)
Mustard
(Lakh
Tonnes)
Year
2000-01
64
42
53
2001-02
70
51
60
2002-03
41
39
47
2003-04
81
63
78
2004-05
68
76
69
2005-06
80
81
83
2006-07
49
74
89
2007-08
92
58
110
2008-09
72
72
99
2009-10
54
66
100
2010-11
83
82
127
2011-12
70
66
122
2012-13
47
80
147
2013-14
97
79
119
2014-15
74
63
104
2015-16
67
68
86
2016-17
75
79
132
2017-18
93
84
109
2018-19
67
93
133
2019-20
100
91
112
2020-21
102
102
126
2021-22
101
118
130
Note: Here you are advised to use Software like EXCEL for making Graphs, copy them
and paste in your assignment file. Snapshots are not allowed.
Ans—3 (a)
Year
Year
Groundnut (Lakh Tonnes)
2000-01
2000.5
64
2001-02
2001.5
70
2002-03
2002.5
41
2003-04
2003.5
81
2004-05
2004.5
68
2005-06
2005.5
80
2006-07
2006.5
49
2007-08
2007.5
92
2008-09
2008.5
72
2009-10
2009.5
54
2010-11
2010.5
83
2011-12
2011.5
70
2012-13
2012.5
47
2013-14
2013.5
97
2014-15
2014.5
74
2015-16
2015.5
67
2016-17
2016.5
75
2017-18
2017.5
93
2018-19
2018.5
67
2019-20
2019.5
100
2020-21
2020.5
102
2021-22
2021.5
101
Q3.b) Write the sampling plan for the following study. Also write, what is recommended
according to you, census survey or sample Survey?
Imagine yourself doing PhD in NMIMS, for one of your research papers you do require a
primary survey to understand the social media consumption of LinkedIn users. Your goal
is to understand why they are using LinkedIn, for how many hours a day, and their
activities they do on the same platform. You do have research questionnaire in your hand
as per your proper literature study. Now, the question is about survey and data collection.
(5 Marks)
Ans-3 (b)
Sampling Plan:
1. Population:
The target population for this study is LinkedIn users.
Define the qualities of the population, such as specialists, students, work applicants, industryspecific teams, and so on
2. Sampling Frame:
Create a sampling frame by determining the source from which the sample will be drawn. This
could be LinkedIn user teams, firm pages, schools, or other appropriate sources.
Digital Marketing
April 2024 Examination
“FlavorFusion Ice Cream” is a chain of ice cream outlets renowned for its innovative
and out- of-the-world flavors, catering to the youth. However, in today’s digital age, the
company is facing stiff competition and declining sales due to its lack of a digital
presence.
FlavorFusion Ice Cream has a long-standing tradition of crafting unique and delectable
ice cream flavors that appeal to a youthful customer base. They even allow customers to
create and customize their own ice cream flavors in the store. For years, the company
has relied on traditional methods and in-store promotions, but its absence from the
digital landscape is now posing a significant challenge.
1. Lack of Digital Presence: FlavorFusion Ice Cream has no online presence, including a
website, social media profiles, or integration with food delivery apps. This has led to a
loss of visibility in a highly competitive market.
2. Decreased Foot Traffic: Due to the absence of a digital presence, FlavorFusion Ice
Cream is experiencing a decrease in foot traffic in its physical stores. Fewer customers
are aware of its unique offerings and are opting for competitors that are readily
accessible online.
3. Competition from Tech-Savvy Rivals: Competitors with a strong online presence are
attracting the tech-savvy youth demographic, which FlavorFusion has been unable to
tap into effectively.
4. Limited Brand Awareness: The company’s brand awareness is confined to
traditional marketing methods, limiting its reach to potential customers who rely on
digital platforms for information and ordering.
Product Variety and Pricing:
FlavorFusion Ice Cream offers an extensive range of ice cream products, including:
– Unique ice cream flavors, from traditional favorites to daring and exotic choices.
– Various sizes of ice cream servings, catering to different appetites.
– Dairy-free and low-fat options for health-conscious customers.
– Novelty ice cream items such as ice cream cakes, sandwiches, and popsicles.
The pricing strategy includes a range of price points, from affordable single servings to
premium selections, ensuring there is an option for customers with varying budgets.
Place (Distribution):
FlavorFusion Ice Cream operates in high-traffic areas, with outlets strategically located
in shopping malls, popular neighborhoods, and entertainment districts. The distribution
model focuses on ensuring easy access for consumers, especially in areas where the
youth frequent.
Traditional Promotion:
While FlavorFusion Ice Cream has relied on traditional promotion methods such as instore
sampling,
seasonal
discounts,
and
special
event
tie-ins,
these
efforts
have
become

less
effective in reaching the tech-savvy youth
demographic.
To address the challenges related to its digital absence, FlavorFusion Ice Cream must
embark on a digital transformation journey.
1. Explain various ways through which you will promote the FlavorFusion Ice Cream
on Digital Platforms. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
In the dynamic world of marketing, digital platforms have emerged as crucial channels for
promoting and enhancing brand visibility, especially for businesses like FlavorFusion Ice
Cream. Despite its strong product offering and unique customer experience, FlavorFusion Ice
Cream’s absence in the digital realm has led to decreased visibility and dwindling foot traffic,
overshadowed by competitors who have adeptly embraced digital strategies. To revitalize its
presence and appeal to its youthful demographic, FlavorFusion Ice Cream must leverage
digital marketing techniques to re-establish its brand in the minds of consumers. This digital
transition involves utilizing social media, search engine optimization (SEO), content
marketing, online advertising, and integration with online food delivery platforms. These
ve ice cream industry.
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2. Explain various types of traditional and digital pricing and also state the pricing
method that you will use for FlavorFusion Ice Cream. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
In the dynamic and competitive landscape of the ice cream industry, pricing strategy plays a
pivotal role in defining a brand’s market position and profitability. For a unique and
customer-centric brand like FlavorFusion Ice Cream, the challenge is to balance innovative
offerings with a pricing strategy that appeals to its target demographic while sustaining
business growth. Traditional pricing methods, such as cost-plus and competition-based
pricing, have their merits but may not fully capitalize on the brand’s unique value proposition.
On the other hand, digital pricing strategies, including dynamic pricing and freemium models,
3a. Explain various stages of Website Development that you will follow to create a
website for FlavorFusion Ice Cream. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
The creation of a website for FlavorFusion Ice Cream represents a pivotal step in establishing
its digital presence, essential in today’s tech-driven marketplace. The process of website
development is not merely about creating an online platform, but crafting an interactive and
engaging experience that encapsulates the brand’s unique identity and appeals to its target
audience. This development process involves several key stages, each critical to ensuring the
b. Create an early site Diagram for the website of FlavorFusion Ice Cream. Explain
each element in the diagram. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
Creating an early site diagram, or sitemap, for FlavorFusion Ice Cream’s website is an
essential step in the web development process. It serves as a blueprint that outlines the
structure and hierarchy of the website’s content, ensuring that the site is organized, userfriendly,
and aligns with the
company’s
digital
strategy. A
well-designed
sitemap not
only
Digital Payments
April 2024 Examination
1) Analyze whether cryptocurrencies can be used as medium of exchange for
Businesses? Support your answer with examples. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Cryptocurrencies have transformed digital payments dramatically, fundamentally altering
how transactions take place today. Cryptocurrencies, or decentralized digital assets based on
blockchain technology, offer a unique combination of security, transparency, and efficiency
that has sparked global debate about their viability as a medium of exchange for businesses.
While traditional currencies are governed by national regulations and financial institutions,
cryptocurrencies operate independently to challenge conventional financial systems.
Cryptocurrencies’ widespread acceptance and rising market capitalization imply a potential
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2) Explain the concept of Near Field Communication (NFC) technology and its
applications in modern electronic devices and services. Provide one real-world scenario
where NFC is utilized to enhance user experiences and streamline interactions. Discuss
one potential security concern related to NFC and suggest a measure to mitigate this
risk. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Near Field Communication (NFC) represents an exciting milestone in digital communications
and transactions technologies, creating an innovative change to how we engage with
electronic devices and services. NFC (Near Field Communication) is an innovative wireless
technology used for short-range communication that typically only needs 4 cm or less to
establish a connection. This revolutionary technology has become seamlessly integrated into
modern devices, such as smartphones, tablets and smartwatches, changing the landscape of
digital transactions and data exchange. NFC technology stands out for its ease and speed,
facilitating quick, secure interactions in a range of everyday scenarios – from contactless
r digital ecosystem; constantly adapting to meet modern society’s dynamic requirements.
3) You are a financial advisor working with a nonprofit organization that focuses on
providing humanitarian aid in remote areas. The organization is looking to adopt digital
payment solutions to streamline donation collections and aid distribution.
a) Develop a detailed proposal outlining the benefits of digital payment adoption for the
organization’s mission, including increased transparency, efficiency, and donor
engagement. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Digital payment solutions present nonprofit organizations — especially those involved with
humanitarian aid efforts in remote regions — with an immense opportunity for expansion.
This trend reflects both global financial transactions as well as donors’ preferences and
operational needs related to aid distribution. In this proposal, we will outline the numerous
advantages digital payment solutions can bring, such as increased transparency, improved
b) Describe the types of digital payment methods suitable for the organization’s needs,
the required infrastructure, and any potential challenges or risks. Provide real-world
examples of other nonprofits that have successfully leveraged digital payments for
similar purposes and explain how these examples could serve as inspiration for the
proposed solution. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
With financial technology advancing at such a rapid rate, selecting suitable digital payment
methods is increasingly essential for nonprofit organizations operating in remote regions.
Decision-makers need to find solutions that align with their organization’s unique
requirements – for instance, nature of operations, donor preferences and socioeconomic
context of aid recipients. This section seeks to identify appropriate digital payment methods
E-Business
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Suppose you are hired as a business consultant by DMart ready retail store to assess
the potential advantages of shifting from a traditional brick-and-mortar store to an e-
business model. Drawing from your expertise, outline the benefits and obstacles that
come with e-business in the retail sector, as well as the impact it has on customer
experience, sales, and profitability. Additionally, provide insights into the essential
strategies the retail store should embrace to execute a successful transition to an ebusiness

model, including potential risks and limitations associated with e-business in
the retail sector, along with recommendations for mitigating those risks and challenges.
(10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The evolution from traditional brick-and-mortar retail to an e-business model represents a
transformative journey for retailers like DMart, aimed at leveraging the vast opportunities
presented by digital landscapes. This shift is not merely a change in the medium of
transactions but a strategic move to expand market reach, enhance customer experience, and
increase operational efficiency. However, transitioning to an e-business model comes with its
set of challenges and obstacles, ranging from technological adoption to changing consumer
behavior. The benefits of such a transition are multifaceted, including broader market access,
cost reduction, and personalized shopping experiences, which can significantly influence
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Q2. Being an e-business organization, the acquisition of customer data is crucial for
gaining insights into your target audience and enhancing marketing strategies. Explore
diverse approaches to gathering customer data online and provide concise explanations
for at least five of such methods. Additionally, your list of methods should encompass
both passive (minimum 2) and active (minimum 2) data collection techniques while also
taking into account the ethical considerations associated with each data collection
method used by the e-business companies. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the digital era, e-business organizations recognize the paramount importance of customer
data as a cornerstone for strategic decision-making and personalization of services. This
imperative drives the exploration of various methodologies for collecting customer data,
which are pivotal for understanding market trends, customer behaviors, and preferences.
These methodologies are broadly categorized into passive and active data collection
techniques, each serving distinct purposes and offering unique insights into the consumer
base. Passive methods focus on gathering data without direct interaction with the customer,
leveraging analytics and user behaviors tracked during their online journey. Conversely,
Q3. Let us suppose you have been hired by a quick commerce startup promising
delivery to customers within minutes as an operations consultant to enhance their
business productivity. To enhance the effectiveness of their operations, you decided to
explain to the management the concepts of e-SCM and e-CRM that can be potentially
useful for them.
a) Explain how implementing e-SCM can help the startup to manage its supply chain
more efficiently and effectively while implementing e-CRM can help the startup
company to better understand and serve its customers. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the fast-paced world of quick commerce startups, the implementation of electronic supply
chain management (e-SCM) and electronic customer relationship management (e-CRM) can
significantly enhance business productivity and customer satisfaction. e-SCM optimizes the
supply chain operations through digital integration, ensuring efficient and timely delivery of
products. On the other hand, e-CRM focuses on utilizing digital tools to manage customer
b) Explain how the quick commerce startup can integrate e-SCM and e-CRM to create
a more efficient and customer-centric business model. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Integrating electronic Supply Chain Management (e-SCM) and electronic Customer
Relationship Management (e-CRM) presents a strategic opportunity for quick commerce
startups to optimize their operations while enhancing customer satisfaction. This synergy
enables a seamless flow of information between supply chain operations and customer
Emerging Technologies: IoT, Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality
April 2024 Examination
1. Imagine a scenario in which a university is exploring the integration of augmented
reality (AR) into its teaching methods. They are considering using AR apps and devices
to enhance the learning experience for both in-person and remote students. How can the
university leverage AR to improve education and engage students effectively in both
traditional classroom settings and online learning environments? Provide with three
examples how AR can be incorporated into different subjects and courses. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The integration of Augmented Reality (AR) into educational settings represents a
revolutionary step towards interactive and immersive learning. By overlaying digital
information onto the real world, AR offers unique opportunities to transform traditional
teaching methods, making lessons more engaging and accessible for both in-person and
remote learners. Universities exploring AR technologies are positioned at the forefront of
educational innovation, with the potential to significantly enhance student understanding and
retention of complex subjects. AR’s versatility allows for its application across various
disciplines, providing students with visual and interactive experiences that were previously
unimaginable. This approach not only bridges the gap between theoretical knowledge and
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2. Imagine a healthcare and fitness center that is considering the implementation of
virtual reality (VR) technology to enhance patient care and fitness programs. They want
to explore how VR can be utilized to improve physical therapy, rehabilitation, and
fitness training. How can this healthcare and fitness center effectively integrate VR
technology to optimize patient rehabilitation and fitness programs? (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The integration of Virtual Reality (VR) technology in healthcare and fitness centers
represents a transformative approach to patient care, rehabilitation, and fitness training. As an
immersive, interactive technology, VR offers unprecedented opportunities for enhancing
traditional therapeutic and fitness methods, providing both practitioners and patients with
tools that can significantly improve outcomes. This innovative technology can simulate
realistic environments and scenarios, offering a controlled, safe space for patients to engage
in physical therapy and rehabilitation exercises, as well as enabling individuals to participate
in fitness programs that are both effective and engaging. By leveraging VR’s capabilities to
3. Smart cities are rapidly emerging across the globe, using the Internet of Things (IoT)
to enhance urban living, improve resource management, and optimize city operations.
However, deploying IoT in an actual smart city project presents a unique set of security
challenges. This case study explores a practical example of IoT implementation in a
smart city and raises a security-related question that needs to be addressed. Imagine a
real smart city project named “TechTown.” TechTown is a mid-sized city that has
embraced IoT to modernize its infrastructure and services. The following are examples
of IoT applications in TechTown. IoT sensors are installed at intersections, monitoring
traffic flow in real time. These sensors adjust traffic signals to alleviate congestion and
detect accidents promptly. IoT-enabled waste bins throughout the city alert waste
management teams when full. This allows for efficient and timely collection. Buildings
and streetlights have IoT sensors that control lighting and temperature based on
occupancy, reducing energy consumption. Surveillance cameras with IoT capabilities
are placed in high-traffic areas and public spaces. These cameras support automatic
license plate recognition and facial recognition for security purposes. Sensors are
deployed across the city to collect air quality, temperature, and humidity data. This
information is used to create pollution heatmaps and support environmental policies.
a. As TechTown embraces IoT to improve city life, the question that poses a threat to
security challenges is: “How can TechTown ensure the security of IoT devices and data
in a smart city, considering the potential vulnerabilities and the critical need to
safeguard citizen privacy and city operations?” (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
TechTown’s initiative to become a smart city through the integration of Internet of Things
(IoT) technology exemplifies the potential for enhanced urban living and more efficient city
operations. However, the deployment of IoT devices across various sectors—from traffic
management to environmental monitoring—introduces significant security challenges.
Ensuring the security and integrity of these devices, along with the privacy and safety of
b. Highlight any three initiatives of a smart city project in India by focusing on three
applications. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
India’s ambitious Smart Cities Mission, launched by the Government of India, aims to drive
economic growth and improve the quality of life of people by enabling local area
development and harnessing technology as a means to create smart outcomes for citizens.
Within this framework, numerous cities across the nation have embarked on innovative
Employee Development & Talent Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. In order to obtain a competitive edge, the Microsoft Corporation uses its human
resource practises and policies as a strategy to propel both the general success of the
business and its globalisation initiatives. You want to establish a strong talent
management practise for your business as the HR head of the company. What steps will
you follow for an effective Talent management system in the company? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the ever-evolving corporate landscape, talent management has emerged as a pivotal aspect
of organizational success, particularly in technology giants like Microsoft Corporation. As the
Head of Human Resources, the challenge lies not only in attracting top talent but also in
effectively managing and nurturing this human capital to align with the company’s strategic
objectives. The cornerstone of a successful talent management system is its ability to
integrate seamlessly with the overarching goals of the organization, thereby fostering an
environment of continuous development and innovation. This approach not only caters to the
immediate needs of the business but also prepares it for future challenges and global
expansion. Implementing an effective talent management system involves a comprehensive
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Q2. ABC Pharmaceuticals has an employee strength of 4500. They conduct the
employee survey regularly to asses the satisfaction level of the employees and offer
benefits and solution. According to a recent poll by the company’s human resources
department, the employees have low morale and express a lot of irritation and
unhappiness. Trade unions are taking advantage of the circumstance. Hence, the
management of the company wants to take steps for boosting up the morale of the
employees. Suggest the strategies that the company can adopt to motivate its employees.
(10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
ABC Pharmaceuticals, with a considerable workforce of 4500 employees, faces a critical
juncture in its organizational health. The recent employee survey, revealing low morale and
widespread dissatisfaction, signals a concerning trend that could significantly impact
productivity and organizational stability. This unsettling discovery is further complicated by
the involvement of trade unions, which may exploit the situation, potentially leading to labor
disputes or disruptions. In this context, it becomes imperative for the company’s management
to address these issues proactively. Employee motivation is not just a human resource
concern; it is a strategic imperative that directly influences the company’s success and
Q3. Swati Gupta recently completed her fourth year with Microsoft Services
Corporation. In her position as customer support specialist, she consistently received
high performance evaluations -until recently. Indeed, her most recent evaluation,
completed three weeks ago, rated her as “less than satisfactory.” Her supervisor,
Nootan Katira, wondered why this previously strong employee had fallen so quickly.
Nootan had just returned from a meeting with her boss, Khushbu Sanon, when again
the subject of Swati came up. Khushbu suggested that Nootan look through Swati’s past
work-records to try to find some clues about what happened and what they should do
now.
Nootan closed the door to her office, sat at her desk, and pulled Swati’s personnel folder
from her desk drawer. As she flipped through the materials in the folder, Swati’s story
came into better focus. About six months ago, Swati started taking longer lunch breaks
given the cramped quarters in which Nootan’s Customer Support Department
worked and the demanding routines they had to follow, it was easy to notice her
stretching her regular lunch period by 10 or 15 minutes. Once she even stretched it for a
full 25 minutes. Since it was the holiday season, Nootan took no specific action.
However, her occasional remarks reminding Swati of the lunch break schedules would
produce an uncharacteristically evasive, defensive response from Swati. On at least two
occasions, she nodded off to sleep at her desk after returning from lunch.
The pattern of lateness continued. Nootan also began to notice that Swati had
real difficulty completing her work, making decisions and solving her problems. She
even had arguments with several co-workers. Nootan could see that a previously valued
and productive member of her department had for some reason, fallen well below
accepted work standards and believed that high level of employee engagement is
required in the company which is possible only when employee is happy and satisfied
with his/her job and is willing to go extra mile.
3a.As a strategist specialized in HR, suggest the strategies to enhance employee
engagement in the company (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The case of Swati Gupta at Microsoft Services Corporation presents a classic scenario of
declining employee engagement, a challenge that many organizations face. Despite her
history of high performance, Swati’s recent behavioral changes and decreased productivity
signal underlying issues that need addressing. Employee engagement is a critical factor in an
organization’s success, influencing not only individual performance but also team dynamics
and overall company health. To enhance employee engagement, especially in situations like
3b. Assume that Swati Gupta was unable to balance her work and family life and
therefore she behaved irresponsibly. What work-life balance initiatives can be taken by
the company to help employees like Swati overcome stressful situations and create high
organisational commitment? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The scenario of Swati Gupta at Microsoft Services Corporation highlights a prevalent issue in
modern workplaces: the challenge of maintaining a healthy work-life balance. When
employees like Swati struggle to juggle professional responsibilities with personal life, it
often leads to stress, burnout, and reduced organizational commitment. Addressing this
imbalance is not just beneficial for the employee’s well-being but is also crucial for
Enterprise Resource Planning
April 2024 Examination
Read the case study – ‘SynGenta Pharma experiences ERP troubles’ and answer the
following questions:
https://adhocfilesngasce.s3.ap-south1.amazonaws.com/academics/1697870452rFTlm.pdf
1. Explain the reasons for SynGenta Pharma moving from the legacy system to the new
ERP environment. Was the timing of this decision correct? (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
SynGenta Pharma’s transition from a legacy system to a new ERP environment epitomizes
the quintessential challenge many large corporations face in the digital era: adapting to
technological advancements to maintain competitive edge. This case study delves into the
rationale and timing of SynGenta Pharma’s significant shift towards an ERP system,
specifically focusing on the ERP product ‘ERProc’. The decision, influenced by the dynamic
and competitive nature of the US pharmaceutical distribution industry, aimed to enhance
supply chain efficiency and cost management. However, this transformation was not just a
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2. Analyze the reasons for the failure of the ERP implementation from a risk
management perspective. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The case of SynGenta Pharma’s ERP implementation challenges exemplifies the complexities
and risks inherent in adopting large-scale enterprise systems. This situation presents a classic
scenario where a high-stakes technology project, despite the best intentions and substantial
investments, encounters significant hurdles. Analyzing this case from a risk management
perspective reveals a series of missteps and oversights that collectively led to the project’s
failure. Understanding these factors is crucial for organizations aiming to navigate the
treacherous waters of ERP implementation. This analysis delves into the myriad factors that
contributed to this outcome, offering insights into how better risk management could have
3. Keeping the above case as a reference,
a. Compare and contrast between On-Premise vs. On-cloud ERP deployment.
Integration of Supply Chain Management (SCM) with the ERP. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The SynGenta Pharma case illuminates the complexities inherent in ERP system
implementation, particularly highlighting the implications of choosing between on-premise
and on-cloud deployments. This choice, along with the integration of Supply Chain
Management (SCM) with ERP, plays a critical role in the success or failure of such systems.
On-premise ERP involves hosting the software on the company’s own servers, while on-cloud
b. Integration of Supply Chain Management (SCM) with the ERP. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The integration of Supply Chain Management (SCM) with Enterprise Resource Planning
(ERP) systems is a critical aspect of modern business strategy, as vividly illustrated by the
SynGenta Pharma case. This integration is pivotal in streamlining business processes,
enhancing data accuracy, and improving decision-making efficiency. SCM focuses on the
Entrepreneurship and Venture Capital Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. “Innovation is the driver of progress and success in business.” Explain the
statement. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
In the ever-evolving landscape of business, the role of innovation has become increasingly
prominent. Innovation is not merely an option; it is the very driver of progress and success in
the business world. This statement encapsulates the fundamental essence of how businesses
thrive, adapt, and ultimately lead in their respective industries. In this essay, we will delve
into the concept of innovation as the engine of progress and success in business, exploring its
multifaceted nature and its profound impact. Through a comprehensive analysis, we will
uncover why innovation is not only desirable but imperative for businesses to remain
competitive and relevant.
Concept and application
Innovation as the Driver of Progress and Success in Business
Innovation is the catalyst that propels businesses forward, paving the way for progress and
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Q2. Vaso Biotech is a Pharma Company owned by Aziz, a sole proprietor. Employees
being the biggest asset of the organization, Aziz was finding it difficult to involve each
employee to work dedicatedly for a common goal, which is eventually affecting the
business. Kindly advise Aziz what could be done in this situation so that the business
could be a great success. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of pharmaceutical entrepreneurship, where innovation and rapid
adaptation are key, Vaso Biotech, a sole proprietorship owned by Aziz, faces a quintessential
challenge: aligning individual employee efforts towards a unified organizational goal. The
success of a pharma company like Vaso Biotech hinges not just on groundbreaking research
and development but also on the cohesive and dedicated performance of its workforce. As
employees are the cornerstone of any enterprise, their disengagement can significantly
impede progress, especially in a field as intricate and competitive as pharmaceuticals. Aziz’s
predicament underscores a common issue in many entrepreneurial ventures – the struggle to
Q3. Binu and Roshini are best friends who wanted to start a business. They have done
their MBA and wanted to do something unique. So, they decided to start a business of
pet friendly café where they are planning to offer pet foods along with snacks and
beverages pet owners. They are feeling if the business does not run well, it will
affect their friendship.
a) According to you what form of ownership will be best in this situation. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Binu and Roshini’s entrepreneurial vision of starting a pet-friendly café is an exciting venture
that combines their MBA knowledge with a passion for creating a unique experience for pet
owners and their pets. However, their concern about the potential impact on their friendship if
the business encounters challenges is valid and needs careful consideration. The choice of the
business’s legal structure plays a crucial role in shaping their working relationship, financial
b) What kind of funding will be suitable for this business? Justify your answer. (5
Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Securing appropriate funding is a pivotal step in launching Binu and Roshini’s pet-friendly
café, a concept that marries hospitality with pet care. The nature of this venture – innovative
yet with palpable risks – requires a funding strategy that aligns with its unique business
model, growth objectives, and the founders’ risk appetite. The chosen funding method must
support not just the initial setup but also the operational and expansion plans of the café.
Essentials of HRM
April 2024 Examination
1. Explain the appraisal method you would recommend that would be more effective
for the hourly employees? Explain any one or two specific appraisal methods for the
delivery driver position and discuss why the specific method would be useful? (10
Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Human Resource Management (HRM) plays a pivotal role in the success of an organization,
particularly in the management and evaluation of its employees. Appraisal methods are
essential tools in HRM, facilitating the assessment of employee performance, identifying
areas for improvement, and aligning individual objectives with organizational goals. For
hourly employees, such as delivery drivers, selecting an appropriate appraisal method is
crucial, as their roles are often dynamic and performance-centric. The chosen method must
not only be fair and objective but also tailored to the unique aspects of their job. This ensures
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2. Explain how realistic job previews (RJPs) operate. As a manager or business owner,
would you use them? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Realistic Job Previews (RJPs) are a crucial element in the human resource management
process, particularly in the hiring phase. Their core function is to provide potential employees
with a balanced, accurate depiction of what to expect in a specific role, encompassing both
positive and negative aspects. This transparency aims to align expectations, reducing the
likelihood of job dissatisfaction and high turnover rates. RJPs are instrumental in fostering a
mutual understanding between the employer and prospective employees, ensuring that the
latter are well-informed about the realities of the job before committing. As a tool, they are
versatile and can be presented through various mediums like written materials, videos, or on-
3. Sakshi, former senior vice president of human resources for Turbo International,
took over her job just after numerous charges forced the company’s previous board of
directors and top executives to leave the firm. Hired by new CEO Eshan Bhatt, Sakshi
had to tackle numerous difficult problems starting the moment she assumed office. For
example, she had to help hire a new management team. She had to do something about
what the outside world viewed as a culture of questionable ethics at her company. And
she had to do something about the company’s top-management compensation plan,
which many felt contributed to the allegations by some that some former company
officers had used the company as a sort of private ATM.
Sakshi came to Turbo after a very impressive career. For example, she had been the
head of executive compensation at Allied Signal, and was a graduate of the Harvard
Business School. But, as strong as her background was, she obviously had her work cut
out for her when she took the senior vice president of HR position at Turbo
a. What human resource management-related steps did Sakshi take to help get Turbo
back on the right track? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Sakshi’s entry into Turbo International as the Senior Vice President of Human Resources
came at a tumultuous time for the company. Tasked with steering the HR department amidst a
backdrop of ethical challenges and managerial upheaval, Sakshi’s expertise and experience
were crucial for reestablishing stability and credibility. Her situation required a strategic and
multi-faceted approach to human resource management, focusing on rebuilding the
b. What, if anything might you have done differently if you had been in Ms. Sakshi’s
position? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Assuming the role of a Senior Vice President of Human Resources in a scenario similar to
Ms. Sakshi’s at Turbo International, one is confronted with multifaceted challenges
encompassing leadership voids, ethical dilemmas, and compensation controversies. While
Ms. Sakshi’s approach was comprehensive and strategic, there is always room for alternative
Financial Accounting & Analysis
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Prachi Industries purchased a land worth 2 crores, office fixtures and furniture
worth Rs 50 lakhs. Five years back the company has purchased an investment property
for Rs 5 crores out of which today they disposed of 20% of the property, at a realizable
value of Rs 3 crores. As a consultant to the company discuss as per the needs of
corporate reporting the nature of these items, how the above items needs to be
presented and disclosed in the corporate financial statement. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The realm of financial accounting and analysis necessitates a meticulous approach to the
classification, presentation, and disclosure of various assets. In the case of Prachi Industries,
the company’s recent financial activities—including the purchase of land, office fixtures,
furniture, and the disposal of a portion of their investment property—highlight the importance
of these principles. This discussion focuses on the treatment of these items in corporate
financial statements. The nature of each asset—whether it’s a tangible fixed asset like land
and office fixtures or an investment property—determines its accounting treatment in terms
of recognition, measurement, and disclosure. The company’s financial statements should not
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Q2. Ms. Shravani , our accounts manager, is responsible for overseeing financial
activities at Mogra Enterprises. She ensures accurate bookkeeping and compliance with
accounting assumptions. Her junior executive is confused about how the various
accounting assumptions plays a vital role in accounting. Further she wants Ms
Shravani to help her in understanding the difference between the accounting period
assumption and separate entity assumption, Discuss how (you being) Ms. Shravani
would like to explain all these in simple terms. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic field of financial accounting, the foundational principles, known as
accounting assumptions, play a crucial role in guiding and standardizing the accounting
practices. At Mogra Enterprises, Ms. Shravani, the accounts manager, stands at the forefront
of implementing these assumptions to ensure the integrity and accuracy of financial reporting.
Among these, the accounting period assumption and the separate entity assumption are
particularly significant. These assumptions not only shape the framework of financial
recording and analysis but also influence decision-making processes within the organization.
Q3. Perform the common Size analysis for the year (5*2—-10 Marks)
a. 2021
b. 2022
Statements of Income
2021
2022
Operating revenues
9,56,690
9,12,813
Operating expenses
Personnel
1,13,433
1,32,080
Fuel
1,28,076
1,00,058
Purchased power
1,54,910
1,34,488
Depreciation
1,44,622
1,56,469
Maintenance
92,717
86,261
Taxes other than income taxes
63,266
63,220
Purchased services
38,392
35,948
Other
1,01,513
1,04,850
8,36,929
8,13,374
Operating income
1,19,761
99,439
Other expenses (income):
Interest expense
36,727
36,771
Interest income
( 61)
( 82)
Loss on impairment of fixed assets
4,089
0
Other, net
4,325
1,556
45,080
38,245
Income before special item and
income taxes
74,681
61,194
Special item:
Reserve for drought
1,747
712
Provision for income taxes:
Current
25,061
28,457
Deferred
1,374
(7,504)
Net income
46,499
39,529
Ans 3.
Introduction
Common size analysis, a vital tool in financial accounting, plays a crucial role in
understanding a company’s financial health. This approach simplifies the comparison of
financial statements over different periods by converting the figures into percentages of a
common base. For a statement of income, this common base is typically the operating
revenues. This method provides a clear picture of the company’s operational efficiency, cost
structure, and profitability trends over time. By examining the common size statements for
the years 2021 and 2022, one can discern significant changes in the company’s financial
dynamics. This analysis is particularly useful for stakeholders, including investors, creditors,
Financial Institutions and Markets
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Ms. Vijaya, after completing her graduation, has recently joined a bank. With a
steady income now and good growth prospects for her career, she intends to save
regularly and increase the amount of savings gradually over the years. Her colleagues in
the bank have advised her investing in Mutual Funds (MFs), as a suitable option for
her. However, Ms. Vijaya is not at all familiar with MFs .You are required to help her
with basic information on MF ,the various types of MF and why should she be investing
through mutual fund? Prepare a detailed answer for her queries. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Mutual funds have emerged as a popular investment vehicle for individuals seeking to grow
their savings. For Ms. Vijaya, a newcomer to the world of investing, mutual funds offer a
unique opportunity to diversify her portfolio, even with limited knowledge and experience in
financial markets. These funds pool money from various investors to invest in a diverse array
of assets, managed by professional fund managers. The attractiveness of mutual funds lies in
their ability to offer exposure to a wide range of investments, which might be difficult for an
individual investor to achieve independently. Additionally, mutual funds are known for their
flexibility, liquidity, and the potential for higher returns compared to traditional savings
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Q2. Mr. Rajiv Kumar, after completing his MBA from a prestigious management
institute, has joined the treasury department of a leading Indian bank in Mumbai. He is
assigned to the team responsible for managing the day-to-day liquidity of the bank.
Explain in detail the need for liquidity management in banks and explain any three
money market instrument. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Liquidity management in banks is a critical aspect of financial operations, pivotal for both the
stability and functionality of the banking sector. For Mr. Rajiv Kumar, embarking on his
career in the treasury department of a leading Indian bank, understanding the intricacies of
liquidity management is vital. Liquidity, in banking terms, refers to the ability of a bank to
meet its financial obligations as they fall due without incurring unacceptable losses. Effective
liquidity management ensures that a bank can fulfill its short-term commitments, like
withdrawals by depositors, while also funding its lending activities. This balance is essential
Q.3 (a) LMH Ltd. has floated an Investment Company. You are appointed as the
manager to spread the investment in secondary market. In order to initiate these
investments, explain the steps that you will follow in the trading mechanism in the
secondary market. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
As the newly appointed manager for LMH Ltd.’s Investment Company, focusing on
investments in the secondary market, it is crucial to understand and effectively navigate the
trading mechanism of this market. The secondary market is where securities are traded after
being initially offered in the primary market. It plays a vital role in the capital market by
providing liquidity and price discovery for financial instruments such as stocks, bonds, and
Q.3 (b). “State intervention is vital for any economic progress of a nation” In view of the
above statement highlight the importance of state intervention in Indian context. (5
marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
State intervention plays a pivotal role in shaping the economic landscape of a nation,
especially in a diverse and rapidly developing economy like India’s. The statement “State
intervention is vital for any economic progress of a nation” holds particular significance in
the Indian context, where the government’s role extends beyond regulation and into direct
Fundamentals of Big Data & Business Analytics
April 2024 Examination
1. Atem’s social network application has been a revolution in the technology industry
and is improving by leaps and bounds every day. Atem has a huge technological
infrastructure which enables them to collect, store, process and analyze the data of the
users.
Mention 2 possible use cases which are enabled by the existence of big data platforms
for Atem and how a company leverages this technology. Also, Research and provide
information about if and how large social network companies use cloud technologies for
their advertising capabilities. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The realm of big data and business analytics has significantly transformed how technology
companies, particularly social networking giants like Atem, operate and evolve. Big data
platforms provide an unprecedented ability to collect, store, process, and analyze vast
amounts of user data, leading to innovative use cases that can enhance user experience and
drive business growth. These platforms are not just repositories of information; they are
dynamic ecosystems that enable companies to extract meaningful insights from complex,
large-scale data sets. This functionality is particularly crucial in the fast-paced, data-driven
world of social media, where understanding user behavior and preferences is key to success.
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2. A world renowned Consumer Packaged Goods major has engaged you to optimize its
marketing initiatives. Which business analysis technique is used to achieve this and
which statistical technique aids in achieving it? Mention briefly about the business
analysis technique and the mathematical techniques involved in this problem. (10
Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the rapidly evolving landscape of modern business, companies, especially in sectors like
Consumer Packaged Goods (CPG), continually seek innovative strategies to optimize their
marketing initiatives. This quest for optimization often leads them to leverage Big Data and
Business Analytics, which have emerged as pivotal tools in understanding and predicting
consumer behavior. Utilizing these tools, businesses can tailor their strategies to meet the
dynamic needs and preferences of their target audience, thus achieving a competitive edge. At
the heart of this endeavor is a specific business analysis technique complemented by
sophisticated statistical methods. This approach not only harnesses the power of vast data sets
3. PhonePe, a multi utility mobile application, has had a meteoric rise as the go to
application for payments in the past few years, challenging the dominance of
traditional banks and card-based payment systems. Assume you have been hired as a
data analytics consultant by one of its competitors.
a. Identify social media or mobile or application analytics tools that can be
deployed to understand consumer behavior and trends. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the digital era, where mobile applications like PhonePe revolutionize the payment
landscape, understanding consumer behavior and trends becomes imperative for competitors
to stay relevant and competitive. To achieve this, leveraging social media, mobile, and
application analytics tools is essential. These tools provide deep insights into user
interactions, preferences, and behavioral patterns, enabling businesses to make data-driven
b. Identify mobile data analytics approaches and tools that can be deployed to
understand and leverage customer behavior. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the competitive landscape of mobile applications, particularly in the payments sector,
understanding and leveraging customer behavior is paramount for success. Mobile data
analytics plays a pivotal role in this process, offering insights that drive strategic decisions
and user engagement. By utilizing advanced analytics approaches and tools, companies can
delve into the vast array of user data generated by their apps. This data, when analyzed
Global Retailing
April 2024 Examination
1. What is the Japanese brand Aiwa’s strategy to reenter the Indian market? How does
it plan to do so? (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of global retailing, the resurgence of Aiwa, a Japanese brand once
synonymous with high-quality audio and video products, marks a significant strategic pivot
aimed at reclaiming its position in the burgeoning Indian market. This move comes after
years of absence, during which the brand’s visibility and market share waned in the face of
stiff competition from other global and local electronics giants. Aiwa’s strategy to reenter the
Indian market is multifaceted, involving a nuanced understanding of contemporary consumer
preferences, technological advancements, and the competitive dynamics of the Indian retail
sector. At its core, Aiwa aims to leverage its legacy of innovation and quality, while adapting
to the new market realities of digital transformation and consumer behavior shifts post-
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2. You are supposed to develop a new brand of Deodorant “Ocean mist” which is in the
process of launch. What is your strategy for the domestic and the international market
and how do you plan to increase the market share? (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The dynamic landscape of global retailing in April 2024 presents a unique opportunity for the
launch of a new deodorant brand, “Ocean Mist.” This innovative product seeks to capture the
essence of freshness and purity, reflecting the serene and invigorating spirit of the ocean. The
domestic and international markets, however, pose distinct challenges and opportunities that
necessitate a tailored strategy to effectively penetrate and expand market share. In the
domestic realm, the strategy will leverage localized marketing approaches, understanding
consumer preferences, and establishing a robust distribution network. Internationally, the
emphasis will be on cultural adaptation, strategic partnerships, and leveraging digital
platforms to reach a broader audience. The overarching goal is to position “Ocean Mist” not
3) Case Study
Beauty takes natural turn, Ayurveda brands soar
Immunity boosting foods and drinks, Sustainable fashion, Beauty products with natural
ingredients. There was always a market for these, and the pandemic has only made it
bigger. Within beauty, brands have recorded a greater demand for Ayurveda products.
“Over the last two years, we have noticed a marked increase in the inclination towards
Ayurveda-based products, as part of a larger shift towards cleaner, organic and natural
beauty,” a spokesperson for e-commerce platform Myntra tells Business Standard.
“This shift has aided the surge in demand on the platform and has been accelerated
with the pandemic, resulting in consumers becoming more conscious about their
purchases, looking for natural but also effective ingredients.”
A 2018 report by Research and Markets, which pegged the Ayurveda market in India at
Rs300 billion, expects it to touch Rs710.87 billion by 2024. And while demand continues
to be high in India, with a flurry of brands offering ayurvedic solutions for skin and
hair care, the “holistic beauty movement” has also seen increasing global interest. The
global ayurvedic market, valued at $4.5 billion in 2017, is expected to touch $14.9 billion
by 2026 at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 16.14 percent.
Gauging the mood, Forest Essentials ventured into the international market in October
last year with a launch on UK e-tailer Look Fantastic.
“(The) UK is one of our largest markets with consumers already having significant
knowledge of market Ayurveda and a wider buy into its philosophy and what it stands
for,” says Samrath Bedi, executive director, Forest Essentials, which has a network of
over 100 standalone stores across 29 cities in India. “Our launch strategies were aimed
at strengthening our brand associations with the existing Indian diaspora and online
presence on our social media handles to reach a wider clientele.”
In the coming years, Bedi plans to expand to West Asia, Southeast Asia and the United
States, besides establishing a physical retail presence in the UK in the next year or two.
Before this, in
2008, New York-based Estee Lauder Companies had bought a 20 per cent stake
in the company that was founded in 2000.
Kama Ayurveda, another homegrown luxury beauty brand that launched in 2002, too,
recorded an increase in sales during the pandemic.

“We were primarily an offline brand, but because of the pandemic we had to build an
online presence,” says Vivek Sahni, co-founder of Kama Ayurveda. These two years, he
adds, have aided the brand’s visibility and “given us a new and younger” customer
base. Almost 30 per cent of our sales were online pre-pandemic; now it is almost 75 per
cent”.
In 2019, Kama Ayurveda had seen a Rs100 crore ($14.4 million) investment from
Spanish fashion and fragrance company Puig. “When we launched (with just 10
products), we looked at what people used and what they were loyal to, and we
discovered it is primarily skin and hair,” says Sahni. “Once you find something that
works for your skin or hair, you’re not going to change it.”
It was with this knowledge that the brand launched its Bringadi hair cleanser in July
2021, and it has gone on to become its best-seller, apart from the Kumkumadi range.
Sahni says they are now “looking at going to smaller towns and opening more stores
there, and hopefully in a year or so, start exploring markets India.”
Before they launched their D2C Ayurveda Vedix three years ago, founders Chaitanya
Nallan, Sangram Simha, and Veerendra Shivhare knew that the one-product-fits-all
concept would not work. So, Vedix has on offer at least 40 combinations of products
made using 49 herbs that are “prescribed” after customers answer an in-depth
questionnaire detailing their appetite, body frame and even how much they perspire,
apart from details like hair and scalp texture for a study of their dosha (in Ayurveda,
“that which can cause problems”) profile.
“We have seen a steady increase in sales, with a customer base of 1.2 million and 50 per
cent repeat rate in orders,” says Jatin Gujrati, business head, Vedix.
In 2020, IncNut, which promotes Vedix and Skinkraft, raised $4 million funding in
Series A round from RPSG Ventures. Vedix now plans to foray into the international
market through a combination of platform partnerships with Amazon and D2C in the
US. West Asia in 2022.
A Nykaa spokesperson says, “The farm-to-face trend has seen a massive spike: and in a
shift from makeup to skincare, the natural beauty category is booming with a multitude
of home- grown brands. Clean, natural beauty is one of the fastest growing subsegments
in
the
beauty
category.”
The
e-commerce
giant’s
own
brand,
Nykaa
Naturals,

offers

a host of products from cold pressed carrier oils to clay masks, using naturally
derived ingredients.
Kiehl’s, an American cosmetics company, recognized this opportunity long ago. Starting
as an apothecary, the brand says it has clubbed natural ingredients with scientific
solutions for years. “Since the onset of the pandemic, there has been a visible and
overall shift to more natural and sustainable ways of life. So, when the time came for
natural ingredients to be recognized, we were prepped and ready to provide,” says
Shikhee Agrawal assistant vice president, Kiehl’s India. “This definitely helped us see
an increase in sales and growth in recent years.”
Natural beauty solutions have certainly come a long way- from the grandmother’s
kitchen to fancy tubes and bottles.
Questions
a.Why there is an inclination towards Ayurvedic based products? How is this market
poised to grow and sustain? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The inclination towards Ayurvedic-based products has seen a notable rise, particularly in the
wake of the global pandemic. This shift towards natural, organic, and cleaner beauty solutions
reflects a broader consumer trend prioritizing health, wellness, and sustainability. Ayurveda,
with its ancient roots and holistic approach to well-being, offers a trusted alternative to
conventional beauty products, emphasizing the balance between body, mind, and
b.Which are the brands trying to grow domestically and internationally? How do you
see the beauty and grooming market of Ayurveda grow in the near future? (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The beauty and grooming market has witnessed a significant transformation with the
resurgence of Ayurveda, attracting both traditional consumers and modern audiences. Brands
like Forest Essentials, Kama Ayurveda, and Vedix have been at the forefront of this revival,
focusing on growth both domestically and internationally. This trend is indicative of a
broader acceptance of Ayurvedic principles in daily beauty regimes, propelled by the allure of
Indian Foreign Trade
April 2024 Examination
Scenario:
Indian Medical device manufacturing Start-up Company called Echoflix Inc. founded
by IITians, who developed their own technology to manufacture digital stethoscope,
which can be used for checking human heart beats and also it can be used to
check fetus heartbeats. This instrument is enabled with Bluetooth and they can transfer
the data of the patient to their mobile phone (They have developed their own App).
Echoflix Inc. has in their pipe-line portable ultra sound and also ECG with Bluetooth
enabled, also ready with prototype working models.
This company is looking forward to market their products domestically and they would
like to go for international markets also. As they will be entering the international for
the first time, they prefer to enter some of the countries in Africa like Kenya, South
Africa, in South Asian markets like Vietnam, Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia.
Q1. You can take any one country from above mentioned countries; discuss how you
will move forward in finding market profile of identified market. You need to discuss
on regulatory requirements of the target market, with respect to electronic medical
device. How do you go about secondary market survey data collection discuss on major
non-tariff barrier and competition in the target market? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Echoflix Inc., an innovative Indian medical device start-up established by IIT graduates, has
made significant strides in the medical technology sector with its development of a digital
stethoscope. This cutting-edge device, capable of monitoring human and fetal heartbeats,
distinguishes itself through Bluetooth connectivity, allowing for seamless data transfer to
smartphones via a proprietary app. With a pipeline featuring portable ultrasound and ECG
devices, Echoflix Inc. is poised to revolutionize the medical device industry. The company’s
ambition to expand its market reach both domestically and internationally, with a focus on
entering countries in Africa such as Kenya and South Africa, and South Asian markets
industry, marking a significant milestone in its growth trajectory.
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Q2. What is your suggestion to position the brand Echoflix Inc in target market, what
are the marketing activities you propose to conduct if you are in-charge of
International business with Echoflix Inc.? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Echoflix Inc, a burgeoning player in the global market, stands on the precipice of
international acclaim, poised to etch its name among the leading brands in its sector. The
journey towards securing a dominant position in the target market necessitates a multifaceted
approach, blending innovative marketing strategies with a deep understanding of the cultural
and economic landscapes of these markets. As we embark on this ambitious endeavor, the
cornerstone of our strategy revolves around crafting a brand identity that resonates with our
target audience, fostering a sense of trust and loyalty that transcends geographical boundaries.
Q3a) You need to discuss what are the benefits Echoflix Inc. will get it from the Central
government announced PLI scheme for medical devices. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme introduced by the Central Government
represents a transformative opportunity for companies operating within the medical devices
sector, including Echoflix Inc. This strategic initiative is designed to bolster manufacturing
capabilities, encourage investments in local production, and reduce dependency on imports.
For Echoflix Inc., a dynamic player in the medical devices industry, the PLI scheme opens a
b) What is your suggestion for Echoflix Inc. for market entry strategy in the target
market, briefly explain. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Entering a new market is a critical step for Echoflix Inc., requiring a well-structured strategy
that considers both the complexities of the target market and the company’s strengths. The
right market entry strategy can set the stage for sustainable growth, brand recognition, and
competitive advantage. It’s essential for Echoflix Inc. to choose a strategy that aligns with its
objectives, resources, and the specific characteristics of the medical devices sector. This
Industrial Relations & Labour Laws
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Labor legislation in India cover varied heads. What are the heads under which
labor legislation be categorized?
Ans 1.
Introduction
Labor legislation in India, an intricate and vital component of the industrial framework, plays
a crucial role in shaping the dynamics between employers, employees, and the government.
These laws, evolving over time, address the diverse and complex challenges faced in the
industrial sector, especially concerning the rights, welfare, and responsibilities of the
workforce. The significance of labor legislation lies in its ability to balance the power
dynamics in industries, ensuring fair treatment, safety, and equitable growth opportunities for
workers while enabling employers to manage their workforce effectively. The categorization
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Q2. Organization should be guided by a specific principle in wage administration.
Discuss “human capital theory” from the contemporary perspective.
Ans 2.
Introduction
Wage administration, an integral aspect of organizational management, necessitates a
judicious blend of economic prudence and ethical consideration. The modern landscape of
industrial relations and labor laws is increasingly influenced by the human capital theory, a
concept that emphasizes the value of human skills and knowledge in economic productivity.
This theory, rooted in classical economic thought, has evolved significantly in contemporary
times, adapting to the nuances of a dynamic global economy and the changing nature of
work. It posits that investment in human capital – through education, training, and health –
directly correlates to increased productivity and economic growth. This introduction aims to
Q3. You have been appointed as management representative in a collective bargaining
session with the representatives of trade union of your company.
a) Discuss the steps involved in collective bargaining. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Collective bargaining, a cornerstone of industrial relations, represents the negotiation process
between employers and a group of employees aimed at agreements to regulate working
salaries, working conditions, and other aspects of workers’ compensation and rights. The
significance of collective bargaining lies in its ability to balance the power dynamics between
large organizations and individual workers by providing a platform for dialogue and
b) Discuss key factors in the success of collective bargaining. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Collective bargaining, a pivotal process in industrial relations, plays a crucial role in shaping
the dynamics between employers and employees. The success of collective bargaining hinges
on various factors that facilitate effective negotiation and mutual understanding. It’s not
merely about reaching an agreement, but about crafting a solution that respects the interests
and needs of both parties. Understanding these key factors is essential for anyone involved in
Information Systems for Managers
April 2024 Examination
1. Goodwill Bakery has now its several branches across different cities in India. This
bakery has started a small shop in New Delhi and then expanded their bakery business
across several states of the Country. Initially, when they started, they have appointed
different personnels to keep a track of products sold, orders given and inventory
required. With the expansion of business in different cities, Goodwill Bakery are now
finding it difficult to manage/ track the details at national level and to get an overview of
product details across all stores of various cities. They contacted a solution providing
firm to get solution of the same and were told to shift their business to Cloud wherein,
all the operations of different stores can be monitored/detailed out very easily. Discuss
how shifting/migrating to Cloud technology will help Goodwill Bakery to smoothen up
the process of monitoring details from one location for other stores across various cities.
Also, discuss which types of cloud and cloud services will be suitable for Goodwill
bakery. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Goodwill Bakery, a flourishing enterprise with multiple branches across India, began as a
modest venture in New Delhi. As they expanded across several states, managing the
intricacies of operations such as tracking sales, orders, and inventory became increasingly
complex. With each branch operating somewhat autonomously, the central management
struggled to maintain a cohesive and efficient oversight. The bakery’s decision to consult a
solution provider led to a pivotal recommendation: migrating their operations to the cloud.
This transition is not just a technological upgrade but a strategic move to centralize and
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2. The E-Business platform is booming a lot these days. Almost all individuals have
accepted the E-Commerce technology for their daily requirements. Most of the retailers
have joined hands with various E-commerce Companies for selling their products.
Discuss how the retailers are getting benefitted by choosing these e- commerce
platforms. Which type of sellers are being benefitted most by choosing the e-commerce
platform (Explain with help of some Statistics) and will the e- commerce technology will
see the downfall? Discuss your views for all the above points by choosing any one ECommerce
platform
as an
example. (10
marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The surge in e-business platforms has revolutionized the retail industry, marking a significant
shift from traditional brick-and-mortar stores to the digital marketplace. This transformation
has been driven by the widespread acceptance of e-commerce technology, which has become
integral to daily consumer activities. Retailers, ranging from local vendors to multinational
brands, have increasingly turned to e-commerce platforms as a strategic avenue to expand
their reach, enhance customer engagement, and boost sales. The integration of e-commerce
into retail strategies is not just a trend but a fundamental change in how business is
conducted. This transition has opened new opportunities and presented unique challenges for
retailers. By delving into the dynamics of e-commerce platforms, specifically focusing on one
3. Saviant Technology Solutions is new IT Company with the motive of providing
solutions to different Organisations by catering to their specific product requirements.
This Company has received the Project Development Task which is not much Complex
in nature and the requirements are also to some extent clear. As a new venture, this
organization is not fully aware of the different vulnerabilities and threats to the data
of the Organization. Considering the above scenarios, discuss the following:
a)Discuss the various threats and vulnerabilities related to Saviant Technology. Also,
explain what are the security measures need to be adopted by Saviant Technology
Solutions for avoiding the threats. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Saviant Technology Solutions, as a burgeoning IT company, faces a distinct set of challenges
in safeguarding its data and systems. In an era where data is a valuable asset, understanding
and mitigating threats and vulnerabilities is crucial for maintaining the integrity, availability,
and confidentiality of information. As the company embarks on its project development tasks,
it is imperative to identify potential risks and implement robust security measures. This
b) Explain which Software Development Life Cycle model needs to be implemented by
Saviant Technology Solutions for development of the Project stated in the above
Scenario. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Selecting an appropriate Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) model is a critical
decision for Saviant Technology Solutions as it embarks on its project development. The
chosen SDLC model will dictate the approach to project management, design, development,
and testing, impacting the project’s overall success. Given the project’s nature – not overly
Insurance & Risk Management
April 2024 Examination
1. In case if Husband is proposing a Life Insurance up to Rs. 1 Crore, whereas if he
himself having Life Insurance Cover up to Rs. 50 Lakhs. Whether such proposal would
be accepted? If Yes / or No which relevant Insurance Principle is applied herewith?
Justify (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The subject of life insurance, particularly in the context of coverage amounts, is a pivotal
aspect of personal financial planning and risk management. In India, where the insurance
market is both diverse and growing, understanding the principles that govern insurance policy
underwriting is crucial for individuals seeking adequate coverage. The scenario presented,
involving a husband proposing a life insurance policy of Rs. 1 Crore, while already having a
cover of Rs. 50 Lakhs, raises important questions about the acceptability and rationale behind
insurance coverage limits. This situation is fundamentally governed by the principle of
insurable interest, which is a cornerstone in the realm of insurance. Insurable interest ensures
that the insurance policy is rooted in a legitimate financial interest, preventing insurance from
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2.How an Insurance Company can justify particular Loss Exposures in Risk
Management of Insurance. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Insurance companies play a pivotal role in the financial ecosystem, providing a safety net for
individuals, businesses, and society at large against unforeseen losses. At the core of their
operations is the concept of risk management, a systematic approach to identifying, assessing,
and mitigating risks. In the context of insurance, risk management involves a detailed
analysis of loss exposures, which are scenarios or events that could lead to financial loss.
Justifying particular loss exposures is an intricate process that enables insurers to understand
the likelihood and potential impact of these risks. This process is crucial not only for the
financial stability of the insurance company but also for ensuring that clients are adequately
protected. By effectively justifying and managing loss exposures, insurance companies can
3. a) In case of Risk Management of the Insurer i.e. Insurance Company, How
the technicalities of Re Insurance can be perceived by an Insurance Company by
Transferring their Risk burdens? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Reinsurance is a critical component of an insurance company’s risk management strategy,
allowing them to transfer portions of their risk to other entities. This mechanism not only aids
in spreading risk but also stabilizes the insurance market by ensuring that no single company
bears an overwhelming burden from large claims. By engaging in reinsurance agreements,
insurers can protect themselves against potential financial volatility, thereby enhancing their
3b) If a Health Insurance Policy agreement for Cover of Rs 5 Lakhs & Rs. 5 Lakhs from
2 Health Insurance Companies out of which one is about to expire on 31st of March, on
28th March person gets Heart Attack & gets admitted in Hospital. Even though person
gets a reminder letter on 15th March, still Heath Insurance policy is not renewed, as
person is in presumption to get Health / Surgery Cover settled from any one of Health
Insurance Company.
By Pass Surgery is advised costing Rs. 4.5 Lakhs Person also want to change Health
Insurance Company (Contract) from coming Financial Year? Kindly advise RIGHT
course of Action as per Health Insurance guidelines parameters. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Navigating the complexities of health insurance coverage, especially in the context of policy
renewal and claims during overlapping coverage periods, requires a thorough understanding
of insurance guidelines and principles. When an individual is covered by two health insurance
policies and is facing a critical health issue such as a heart attack, the process of filing claims
International Banking & Foreign Exchange Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. ABC Ltd., an Indian multinational company, is planning to expand its operations in
Europe. They are considering raising funds through euro loans to finance their
European expansion. Explain the concept of euro markets and euro loans, highlighting
the benefits and risks associated with such borrowing for ABC Ltd. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The international financial landscape offers a plethora of opportunities for multinational
companies seeking to expand their global footprint. Among these opportunities, euro markets
stand out as a pivotal avenue for corporations like ABC Ltd., aiming to bolster their
operations in Europe. Euro markets, essentially referring to the deposit and lending markets
for currencies outside their home countries, provide a unique platform for entities to raise
capital beyond their domestic confines. Euro loans, a product of this market, offer a strategic
mechanism for financing international expansion projects. These loans are denominated in
euros, allowing companies to directly finance their European ventures without the added
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Q2. Explain the concept of Repo rate and Reverse Repo rate as part of the monetary
policy measures used by central banks to control the money supply and inflation.
Additionally, discuss other important monetary policy measures that central banks
employ to influence the economy. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Monetary policy is a crucial economic tool used by central banks worldwide to manage a
country’s money supply and inflation levels, thereby stabilizing its economy. Among the
myriad of instruments at their disposal, the Repo rate and Reverse Repo rate stand out as
central mechanisms. These rates are pivotal in controlling the liquidity in the banking system,
influencing interest rates, and ultimately affecting consumer spending and investment. By
adjusting these rates, central banks can either encourage economic growth by making
borrowing cheaper or curb inflation by making lending more expensive. This delicate balance
Q3. ABC Bank operates in the United States and deals with various foreign currencies.
The bank wants to calculate the cross rate between two currencies, Euro (EUR) and
British Pound (GBP), using the indirect quote method. Given the following exchange
rates:
 EUR/USD = 1.20
 GBP/USD = 1.35
Calculate:
a. The cross rate between Euro (EUR) and British Pound (GBP) using the indirect quote
method. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the realm of international finance, the calculation of cross rates between two currencies is a
fundamental operation for banks and financial institutions that deal with multiple currencies.
ABC Bank, operating in the United States and engaging in transactions involving Euros
(EUR) and British Pounds (GBP), requires an understanding of how to determine the cross
rate between these two currencies. The indirect quote method offers a pathway to this
b. The cross rate between Euro (EUR) and British Pound (GBP) using the direct quote
method. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
In the realm of international finance, determining exchange rates between currencies is
crucial for various financial transactions. ABC Bank, operating in the United States, seeks to
ascertain the cross rate between the Euro (EUR) and the British Pound (GBP) utilizing the
direct quote method. Unlike the indirect quote method, which involves deriving the cross rate
through the USD, the direct quote method directly provides the exchange rate between the
International Business
April 2024 Examination
1. After achieving great success in manufacturing textile apparels in India, your
company is keen on expanding the business globally. Discuss the challenges of
marketing your product globally and suggest measures to overcome them? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The globalization of business operations, particularly in industries like textile apparel, has
presented unique opportunities and challenges for companies looking to expand their
footprint beyond national borders. For a company that has found success in manufacturing
textile apparels in India, the transition from a domestic market to an international arena is a
significant step. This move requires a strategic understanding of diverse market dynamics,
consumer behaviors, and regulatory environments. The global textile market is characterized
by intense competition, cultural diversity, and constantly evolving fashion trends, which
demands a nuanced approach to marketing and brand positioning. As the company prepares
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2) Economists such as Dani Rodrik and Ha Joon Chang have argued that WTO only
serves the interests of multinational corporations, undermines local development,
penalizes poor countries and is increasing inequality. Comment on the above and
suggest the changes in your opinion WTO should embark on, so as to promote
developing economies. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The World Trade Organization (WTO), established as the lynchpin of global trade relations,
aims to foster international trade and economic cooperation. However, this noble pursuit has
been marred by criticism from prominent economists like Dani Rodrik and Ha Joon Chang.
They contend that the WTO predominantly caters to the interests of multinational
corporations, at the expense of local economies and development, especially in poorer
nations. This criticism hinges on the argument that the WTO’s policies inadvertently
perpetuate inequality, privileging the developed world while penalizing the developing
nations. This perspective demands a critical examination of the WTO’s operational
framework and its impact on global economic disparity. The discussion around this issue is
3) Read the following case study carefully and then answer the questions that follow:
India’s manufacturing infrastructure demonstrates enormous capabilities to develop
EVs and e-bikes at a reduced cost. Subsequently, the government is doing its part by
offering financial incentives and subsidies for e-bike manufacturing. In spite of
competition, you see that South Africa has a huge potential and plan to expand your
retail operations in South Africa.
a) In your opinion, what are various Market Entry strategies that you would like to
approach for the launch of your products? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The burgeoning electric vehicle (EV) and e-bike market in India, bolstered by substantial
manufacturing capabilities and government incentives, presents a unique opportunity for
expansion into new markets. South Africa, with its untapped potential in the EV sector,
emerges as an ideal candidate for such expansion. However, entering a new market requires a
well-considered strategy that accounts for local market dynamics, consumer behavior, and
b) In your opinion what are what are various incentives our government should offer to
promote the use of EV vehicles and to export them globally? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The shift towards electric vehicles (EVs) represents a significant step in achieving sustainable
transportation. To accelerate this transition and establish a global footprint in the EV market,
it’s crucial for governments to implement a robust framework of incentives. These incentives
not only stimulate domestic usage of EVs but also bolster their export potential, positioning
International Finance
April 2024 Examination
Q1. How FCNR (B) can be termed as a Crucial* Account for NRI while Transferring any
Amount of Sum to their relatives / Family members in India ? Elaborate the views (10
Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
The Foreign Currency Non-Resident (FCNR) Bank Account has emerged as a crucial financial
instrument for Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) seeking to transfer funds to their relatives or family
members in India. This specific account assists NRIs in maintaining their foreign earnings in an
assigned foreign currency, enabling them to secure their money against exchange rate
fluctuations. Established under the regulative framework of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI),
FCNR (B) accounts act as an essential conduit for NRIs to remit funds safely and successfully to
their loved ones in India.
The financial landscape for NRIs has advanced dramatically, with FCNR (B) accounts playing a
central role in their financial planning. The account permits NRIs to make down payments and
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Q2. After closure of Bretton Woods System & Gold Standard at 50 Countries Delegates the
New Currency system emerged at International Finance regime for the Exchange Rate.
This is post Fixed Exchange Rate & Gold Standard. Enumerate exchange rate and describe
which of the exchange rate system operates in the current scenario? (10 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
The closure of the Bretton Woods System and the Gold Standard noted a zero hour in the
background of international finance. These systems, created to stabilize currencies and facilitate
the international profession, encountered significant obstacles, bringing about their ultimate
death. The Bretton Woods System, established in 1944, pegged significant currencies to the
value of gold and the U.S. buck, offering security and predictability in exchange rates. However,
economic pressures, such as the rising cost of living in the USA and professional imbalances
among countries, rendered the system unsustainable. As a result, the gold standard was deserted,
3a) What is the Cruciality of Current Account in BOP – Balance of Payment as
Fundamental aspect of International Trade & Finance, why it can stand out as most
different and Preliminary? (5 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
In international profession and finance, the Balance of Payments (BOP) is an extensive record of
a country’s economic purchases with the remainder of the world over a specific period. It
comprises the present, resources, and financial accounts, each playing a pivotal role in mirroring
a nation’s economic health and communications in the worldwide market.
The current account, a vital part of the BOP, delineates the circulation of goods, solutions,
3b) Elaborate as how IRP (Interest Rate Parity) forms the crucial significance in Foreign
Exchange Rate Determination as a repercussion of Global Interest Rate co-ordination to
respective 2 pairs of International Currencies Exchange Rate (5 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
Interest Rate Parity (IRP) is a fundamental concept in international finance crucial in figuring out
foreign exchange rates between various currencies. It establishes a connection between interest,
the rising cost of living, and exchange rates, adding significantly to the international financial
system’s security and predictability.
IRP is founded on the no-arbitrage concept, suggesting that investors cannot make risk-free
profits by using differences in interest rates between two countries in an effective market. In
International HR Practices
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Acme engineering is Mumbai, India-based heavy engineering company specializing
in transformer manufacturing and setup projects. It’s now planning to set up a project
management office in Warsaw, Poland. For this, a team of 15 project experts will move
from India and 2 from France to Poland, including a senior manager from France.
What are the pre- departure and post-arrival training you will plan for the team? What
could be the top 3 challenges you as HR Manager foresee after the movement is
completed to Poland? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The expansion of Acme Engineering into Poland signifies a strategic foray into an
international market, necessitating a nuanced understanding of international human resource
management (IHRM) practices. As HR Manager, the primary focus is to facilitate the
seamless integration of the team from diverse backgrounds into the new cultural and
professional landscape of Warsaw. Pre-departure and post-arrival trainings are pivotal in
equipping the team with essential skills and knowledge, ensuring smooth transition and
operational efficiency. This endeavor, while promising, is not without its challenges.
Anticipating and preparing for cultural, communication, and operational differences is critical
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Q2. S.MIA limited is a leading Pharma company from Ahmedabad that has
recently expanded internationally. The Board of Directors is planning and
standardizing the Performance Management Policies in about 50 International offices
of the company. Before finalization, the Board wants to identify the possible issues and
challenges that the HR department might face while implementing an international
performance management system.
You as an HR may encounter issues while designing and implementing the company’s
Standardized Performance Management system. What are the issues and challenges you
come across in 50 nations? Discuss each in detail. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The landscape of international human resource management presents unique challenges,
particularly when standardizing performance management systems across different countries.
S.MIA Limited, an Ahmedabad-based Pharma company, is at the cusp of this complex
endeavor, aiming to unify its performance management policies across 50 international
offices. This task is daunting due to the intricate web of cultural, legal, and operational
diversities that exist across various nations. Each of these factors plays a pivotal role in
shaping the effectiveness and acceptance of a standardized performance management system.
Q3.Super solutions is an organic dye manufacturing company, headquartered in
Faridabad, India. Their environment and skin-friendly dyes are in high demand with
Indian and global fashion houses, especially in Mumbai and US. They are a small firm
of 100 employees. They have got into a 20 years contract to fulfill the requirements of a
new fashion house in Milan (Italy). As per the terms of the contract, they need to have 2
researchers, 3 quality experts, 2 logistics managers, and 1 customer relationship
manager based exclusively at customer HQ in Milan. Super solutions have decided to go
for local candidates as it will be cost-effective and also in line with govt guidelines to
promote local talent. You are associated as an HR consultant.
a. Before you start the recruitment planning process, what all the information do you
need to acquire? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Embarking on the recruitment planning process for Super Solutions, an organic dye
manufacturing company entering a long-term contract in Milan, requires a meticulous
approach. As the company aims to hire locally to comply with government guidelines and
cost-effectiveness, the task at hand extends beyond typical recruitment. It involves
understanding the local labor market, regulatory environment, and cultural context of Milan.
b. How will you decide on the recruitment strategy and choice of hiring a
talented individual from the international labor market? Please detail the step-wise plan
to fulfill these needs. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The decision to hire from the international labor market for Super Solutions’ expansion into
Milan presents a strategic challenge that demands a well-structured recruitment strategy. This
task involves not just identifying talent but also ensuring their suitability for the specific roles
and the company’s long-term objectives in a new market. Crafting a recruitment strategy in
this context requires a careful balance between the company’s needs, the peculiarities of the
International Logistics & Supply Chain Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. An Indian dairy products company is planning its international foray beginning
with exporting ice-creams & flavored milk beverages. It has chosen the Middle East &
Singapore markets to begin with. Discuss the key considerations the company must
deliberate upon, and accordingly suggest an appropriate supply chain strategy for the
exports venture. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The international expansion of an Indian dairy company into the Middle East and Singapore
markets represents a significant step in its growth strategy, particularly with the export of ice
creams and flavored milk beverages. This venture requires careful consideration of various
intricate aspects of international logistics and supply chain management. In this dynamic
environment, the company must navigate a complex array of challenges including cultural
differences, regulatory compliance, climatic factors, and logistical intricacies specific to
perishable dairy products. The task involves not just the physical transportation of goods but
also entails strategic planning to ensure product integrity, cost-efficiency, and market
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Q2. An Indian eye-wear products manufacturer has a well-established distribution
channel comprising of distributors & independent retailers as well as its own retail
stores in India which are serviced through a 3PL service provider. The manufacturer
has now set its eye on the D2C (direct-to-consumer) market for which it is working on
the logistics setup. What factors must the manufacturer consider for its D2C
distribution logistics, and how, if at all, are they different from those of its traditional
distribution channel comprising of distributors & retailers? Provide your
recommendation, with justification, of the logistics strategy of having the same 3PL
provider for both the markets or having two different 3PL providers for the two
markets. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The evolution of the eyewear industry in India, particularly the shift towards Direct-toConsumer

(D2C) marketing, presents a unique set of challenges and opportunities for
logistics and supply chain management. As an established Indian eyewear manufacturer
transitions from a traditional distribution network involving distributors and retailers to
embracing the D2C model, it faces a pivotal decision regarding the optimization of its
distribution logistics. This shift necessitates a careful examination of the factors influencing
D2C logistics, which differ significantly from conventional distribution channels. Key
considerations include customer expectations, delivery speed, inventory management, and
Q3. An Indian jewellery manufacturer specializing in gold & silver jewellery wholesales
its products to retailers across India. Having established its credibility with retailers for
gold & silver jewellery, it has planned to expand into diamond jewellery for which it will
need to import diamonds which will be polished and used for making jewellery products
in India.
a. What factors must the jewellery manufacturer consider for importing the diamonds,
and from which countries can it import them? How can the company best facilitate such
import procurement from those countries? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Expanding into the diamond jewellery market represents a significant milestone for an Indian
jewellery manufacturer, especially one with established credibility in gold and silver
jewellery. This venture into diamond jewellery necessitates importing unpolished diamonds,
introducing new dimensions to the manufacturer’s supply chain and procurement strategy.
Importing diamonds requires careful consideration of various factors including sourcing,
legal compliance, cost, and quality assurance. Additionally, identifying suitable countries for
.
b. Explain the role of government agencies in this process, and the related aspects that
the company will now have to handle. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The importation of diamonds for jewellery manufacturing involves not only strategic business
planning but also significant interaction with government agencies. These agencies play a
crucial role in regulating, facilitating, and monitoring the import process. Understanding the
role of these government entities and the related aspects that a company must manage is vital
International Marketing
April 2024 Examination
1. India received the highest annual FDI inflows, in recent years. While FDI and FII
bring in foreign capital, which is essential for a country’s economic development.
However, they also cause damage to small and medium enterprises who lack economy of
scales in home country. In your opinion, do you think we should permit FDI and FII to
invest in our country? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Foreign Institutional Investment (FII) have been pivotal
in shaping the economic landscapes of developing countries, including India. In recent years,
India has witnessed a surge in FDI inflows, marking its emergence as an attractive destination
for international investors. This influx of foreign capital plays a crucial role in stimulating
economic growth, enhancing technological advancements, and creating employment
opportunities. However, this phenomenon also brings with it a set of challenges. Small and
Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in India, which form the backbone of the economy, often find
themselves grappling with the intense competition and market dominance exerted by
multinational corporations. This disparity raises a significant question about the balance
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2. Chinese brands commanded 75% of India’s smartphone market in 2022, down from
76% in 2021. What would be your strategy to promote and manufacture more of Indian
brands in India? Also, express your opinion on the impact of iPhone manufacturing in
India. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In 2022, Chinese smartphone brands dominated the Indian market, holding a 75% share,
slightly down from 76% in 2021. This scenario underscores the intense competition in one of
the world’s largest and fastest-growing smartphone markets. Addressing this dynamic market
landscape requires a multifaceted strategy focused on promoting and manufacturing Indian
smartphone brands domestically. The strategy should encompass aspects like innovation,
pricing, marketing, and leveraging local consumer preferences. Additionally, the recent shift
towards manufacturing iPhones in India presents a significant development in the industry. It
3. Read the following case study carefully and then answer the questions that follow:
ABC Motors, a renowned foreign automotive manufacturer, entered the Indian
market with high hopes of capitalizing on the growing demand for automobiles. They
decided to establish a manufacturing plant in India, hoping to tap into the vast Indian
consumer base. ABC Motors faced the challenge of meeting the Indian government’s
strict conditions, which required a significant portion of their vehicle components to be
sourced locally. This posed a logistical nightmare, as many specialized components were
not readily available in the Indian market. The foreign company was accustomed to
international standards, and there was skepticisms about the reliability of locally
sourced materials and components. A few challenges ABC Motors will face – they have
to invest heavily in setting up local supply chains, which increased production costs, lead
to delays in production. This, in turn, affected their ability to meet market demand and
capitalize on market trends effectively. These added costs and dealing with the Indian
government’s bureaucracy and navigating the complexities added an additional layer of
challenge. Delays in approvals and changing regulations further exacerbated the
situation. This in turn made their vehicles less competitive in the Indian market.
a. Determine the specific non-tariff barrier addressed in the case and clarify its main
purpose for implementation. (5marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The case study discusses the challenges faced by ABC Motors, a foreign automotive
manufacturer, upon entering the Indian market. One of the key obstacles they encountered
was related to the compliance with the Indian government’s stringent conditions for sourcing
a significant portion of vehicle components locally. This condition imposed by the Indian
government represents a specific non-tariff barrier, which will be explored further in this
b. Outline three strategies that ABC can develop to ensure the success of this
transaction in Indian market. (5marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
To overcome the challenges posed by the Indian government’s Local Content Requirements
and ensure the success of their transaction in the Indian market, ABC Motors can employ
strategic approaches that align with both compliance and competitiveness. These strategies
are essential for navigating the complexities of the Indian automotive
Introduction to Retail
April 2024 Examination
1. Marketing research is defined as any technique or a set of practices that companies
use to collect information to understand their target market better. Accepting the given
fact, recognize the Marketing Research process in Retailing? Also, design the process of
the same for purchasing a luxurious product? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Marketing research in retailing is an indispensable tool that enables businesses to navigate the
complex and ever-evolving marketplace. At its core, it involves a systematic approach to
gathering, analyzing, and interpreting data about the market, competition, and consumer
preferences. This process is crucial for making informed decisions, tailoring marketing
strategies, and ultimately enhancing customer satisfaction and loyalty. In the context of
purchasing a luxurious product, the significance of marketing research escalates. Luxury
goods, with their high value and specificity to consumer desires and status, demand a nuanced
understanding of the target demographic, their buying behavior, and the factors influencing
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2. A retail location is the place a business sells goods in person. From traditional
freestanding brick-and-mortar stores to mall space, the best retail location is in a high-
traffic area where your potential customers are known to shop. Observing the fact,
appraise different types of locations. Discuss what would be the best location strategy
for setting up a departmental store? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The strategic selection of a retail location is paramount in the retail industry, serving as a
critical determinant of a business’s success or failure. In the evolving landscape of retail,
where consumer preferences and shopping behaviors are continuously shifting, the choice of
location goes beyond mere geographic placement. It encompasses a thorough understanding
of the target market, visibility, accessibility, and the competitive environment. A retail
location acts not just as a point of sale but as a touchpoint for brand experience, customer
engagement, and community building. This significance is especially pronounced in the case
of departmental stores, which cater to a wide array of consumer needs under one roof. As
such, the decision on where to establish a departmental store involves a multifaceted analysis
of various types of locations, each offering distinct advantages and challenges. This paper
3. The biggest sources of opportunity are collaboration and partnership. And today,
with digital communication, there is more of that everywhere. We need to expose
ourselves to that as a matter or doing business.
— Mark Parker, CEO, Nike
Store based retailer strategy is that it is a type of sales structure where a business sells
products to consumers for individual use. Retail stores typically sell their items from a
single location, whether that be an online store or a physical storefront.
a. A food retailer is a place of business where consumers can purchase food and take it
with them to be consumed off-premise. Retail food is basically food obtained through a
business transaction with an organization that is not a restaurant. Understanding the
fact, classify the different types of Food Retailers in the market? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The retail landscape is diverse and multifaceted, especially within the food retail sector,
which plays a crucial role in our daily lives by ensuring accessibility to a variety of food
products. Food retailers range from large-scale supermarkets to small, specialized stores, each
catering to different consumer needs and preferences. As the industry evolves, understanding
the classification of food retailers becomes essential for both consumers seeking convenience
b. General merchandise is a type of retail store specializing in selling all products used
by the public for everyday general use. They typically consist of various retail stores
such as specialty stores, off-line discount stores, and department stores. Identifying the
scope of the market thereby describe the various general retailers existing in the
market? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
General merchandise retailers are pivotal in the retail ecosystem, offering a wide array of
products that cater to the everyday needs of consumers. These establishments, ranging from
sprawling department stores to compact specialty shops, form the backbone of consumer
retail by providing access to a broad spectrum of products under one roof or through focused
niches. As consumer preferences evolve and market dynamics shift, understanding the scope
and variety of general retailers becomes essential. This variety not only reflects the diverse
IT Infrastructure Management
April 2024 Examination
1. Explain the scope, purpose and objectives of service level management to describe
how SLM is considered as a process of service design for delivering the levels of
availability, capacity, etc. required by the customer. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Service Level Management (SLM) is a pivotal component in the IT Infrastructure
Management framework, particularly in the sphere of service design. It plays a crucial role in
aligning IT services with the specific needs and expectations of customers. The core purpose
of SLM is to establish, manage, and continuously improve IT services to ensure they meet
predefined service levels. This process is integral in ensuring that IT services are not only
efficient and reliable but also adaptable to changing customer requirements. By focusing on
the delivery of agreed levels of service, such as availability, capacity, and performance, SLM
becomes a cornerstone in the creation of value for both the service provider and the customer.
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2. With relevant industry examples, highlight the importance of performance
management by elucidating the role it plays in the overall achievement of organizational
goals. Elaborate advantages and disadvantages of performance management, while you
do so. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Performance management, a pivotal facet of IT infrastructure management, is instrumental in
aligning individual performance with the overarching goals of an organization. This dynamic
process encompasses monitoring, measuring, and analyzing an organization’s IT
infrastructure to ensure its effective and efficient operation. In today’s digital era, where
technology underpins almost every aspect of business, the significance of performance
management cannot be overstated. It serves as a critical tool for organizations to not only
maintain but also enhance their competitive edge. By continuously assessing the performance
of IT systems, businesses can make informed decisions, optimize resource allocation, and
ensure customer satisfaction. This process, however, is not without its challenges. While it
3. You are the project analyst in a large firm, your goal is to consolidate the servers used
and benchmark client requirements against industry best practices. You are
championing the concept of virtualization and ITIL want to address your client and
answer the following questions they have on the topic.
a. Would you recommend ITIL to your client. Justify. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
As a project analyst in a large firm, the task of consolidating servers and aligning client
requirements with industry best practices is both challenging and crucial. In this context, the
concept of virtualization and the implementation of IT Infrastructure Library (ITIL)
frameworks are pivotal. ITIL, a set of detailed practices for IT service management (ITSM),
focuses on aligning IT services with the needs of businesses. The recommendation of ITIL to
b. Are there any limitations of server virtualization? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Server virtualization, an innovative technology that has revolutionized the IT landscape,
involves creating multiple virtual servers on a single physical server, thereby optimizing
resource utilization and providing greater flexibility. This technology is widely acclaimed for
its efficiency and cost-effectiveness in IT operations. However, like any technological
solution, server virtualization comes with its own set of limitations and challenges. It is
IT Project Management
April 2024 Examination
1. Mr. Ananthanarayan is the 3rd generation CEO of Vasanth Engineering Co. – a 50
yr. manufacturing company in South India. He is keen to modernize the IT landscape of
the company and has appointed you as a Consultant to oversee an ERP implementation
project. As a first step, he has asked you for a Project Plan – from the AS IS situation of
disparate legacy systems to the TO BE of a fully functional ERP System. Prepare an
Executive Summary of your Project Plan to serve as a basis for a detailed discussion
with Mr. Ananthanarayan. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Vasanth Engineering Co., under the visionary leadership of Mr. Ananthanarayan, is poised at
a pivotal juncture in its illustrious 50-year journey. The initiative to overhaul its IT
infrastructure by implementing an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system marks a
significant leap towards modernization and efficiency. This transition from a fragmented
legacy system landscape to a streamlined, integrated ERP solution is not merely a
technological upgrade but a strategic transformation aligning with the company’s long-term
objectives. The project plan for this ERP implementation encapsulates a comprehensive
approach, addressing the current ‘AS IS’ state of disparate systems and paving the way
towards the ‘TO BE’ scenario of a fully functional, unified ERP framework. This executive
summary serves as the cornerstone for a detailed discussion with Mr. Ananthanarayan,
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2. You are a consultant to Nellore Commercial Bank. You are required to prepare the
RFP to be issued to System Integrators for implementing a core Banking Product –
either FLEXCUBE or Temenos and integrating it with Nellore Commercial Bank’s
existing Systems – D365 ERP & D365 CRM. Present the executive summary of the RFP
with all requisite sections. For additional information on the specific products, you may
refer to the company websites. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The Nellore Commercial Bank is at a pivotal juncture in its digital transformation journey,
necessitating the integration of a core banking product to enhance its operational efficiency,
customer service, and competitive edge in the financial sector. Recognizing the critical nature
of this upgrade, the bank is preparing a Request for Proposal (RFP) aimed at enlisting System
Integrators for the implementation of a robust core Banking Product—specifically, either
FLEXCUBE or Temenos. This integration will not only streamline banking operations but
also ensure seamless interoperability with Nellore Commercial Bank’s current systems,
namely D365 ERP and D365 CRM. This RFP document is crafted to elucidate the bank’s
3. Mr. Aiyer, CEO of Provident Life Insurance, has convened a meeting for all the CxOs
to discuss the firm’s IT Strategy Roadmap. At this meeting Ms. Khera, the newly
appointed CIO, has announced her intention to completely outsource the Maintenance
& Support of Provident’ s Legacy Underwriting Systems to a 3rd party IT Partner. Dr.
Menon, the COO of the company, is skeptical and asks if she has considered all the
issues involved.
When Mr. Aiyer, asked him if he had specific concerns, Dr. Menon immediately said, “I
see two issues that need detailed discussion… (1) How will this affect the Systems’
Performance/Availability and (2) How will we maintain Confidentiality of
Information?”
How will Ms. Khera respond to Dr. Menon’s queries on…?
a. Systems’ Performance/Availability? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Ms. Khera, recognizing the importance of Dr. Menon’s concerns, addresses the queries with a
well-thought-out rationale that underscores the strategic benefits of outsourcing the
maintenance and support of Provident Life Insurance’s legacy underwriting systems. She
emphasizes the potential for enhanced system performance and availability, leveraging the
b. Confidentiality of Information? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Addressing Dr. Menon’s concerns regarding the confidentiality of information, Ms. Khera
articulates a comprehensive strategy that underscores the paramount importance of data
security within the outsourcing framework. She reassures the executive team that the
protection of sensitive information remains a top priority, and the decision to outsource
maintenance and support incorporates stringent measures to safeguard confidentiality. This
IT Security and Risk Management
April 2024 Examination
1. Malware is intrusive software that is designed to damage and destroy computers and
computer systems. Malware is a contraction for “malicious software.” Explain the
various types of malware and how is ransomware different from a virus/worm? (10
Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Malware, short for malicious software, constitutes a pervasive threat to the integrity and
security of computer systems. It encompasses a wide array of intrusive software designed
with malicious intent, ranging from viruses and worms to more sophisticated forms like
ransomware. Understanding the distinct types of malware is crucial in devising effective
strategies for IT security and risk management.
The proliferation of malware poses a significant challenge to individuals, businesses, and
governments alike. Malware can manifest in various forms, each with its own modus
operandi and potential for harm. This examination will delve into the diverse landscape of
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2. The estimated losses due to elder financial abuse range widely, the FBI’s Internet
Crime Complaint Center (IC3) 2018 Internet Crime Report shows that people 60 and
older submitted more than 62,000 fraud complaints in 2018 with losses totaling nearly
$650 million. Some less conservative sources estimate that fraud against seniors, or
what’s known as elder financial exploitation (EFE), costs families in the U.S. upwards of
$36 billion per year. Research shows that as seniors age, they’re more likely to sustain
higher average losses to senior financial scams.
Explain the most common types of attacks targeting senior citizens and suggest
precautionary measures for them with reference to these attacks? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
Elder financial abuse (EFE) has become a pervasive issue with severe consequences, as
evident from the FBI’s Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) 2018 report, which
documented over 62,000 fraud complaints from individuals aged 60 and older, resulting in
losses nearing $650 million. The scope of the problem may even be more extensive, with
some sources estimating annual losses to be as high as $36 billion. Seniors are particularly
vulnerable, and research indicates that as they age, they become more susceptible to financial
scams, leading to higher average losses. This issue demands a closer examination of the
common types of attacks targeting senior citizens and the precautionary measures essential
3. Case Study: The Equifax Data Breach
In 2017, Equifax, one of the three largest credit reporting agencies in the United States,
experienced one of the most significant and widely publicized data breaches in recent
history. The breach was a massive security incident that compromised the personal and
financial information of nearly 147 million individuals. The breach’s consequences were
far-reaching and included legal and regulatory repercussions, substantial financial
losses, damage to Equifax’s reputation, and heightened scrutiny of data security
practices within the financial industry.
Incident Timeline and Impact:
i. Undetected Intrusion: The breach began in May 2017 when cybercriminals
exploited a vulnerability in Equifax’s web application software. They gained
unauthorized access to Equifax’s systems and started exfiltrating sensitive data. This
intrusion went unnoticed for over two months.
ii. Scope of Data Compromised: The attackers gained access to a vast amount of
sensitive information, including Social Security numbers, dates of birth, credit card
details, and other personally identifiable information. The sheer scale of the breach
made it one of the most substantial breaches of personal data to date.
iii. Delayed Detection and Response: Equifax only discovered the breach in late July
2017, more than two months after the initial intrusion. This delay allowed
cybercriminals to continue siphoning off data and led to severe damage to the
company’s reputation.
iv. Public Outcry and Legal Repercussions: The breach triggered a public outcry, legal
investigations, and a congressional hearing. Equifax faced multiple lawsuits, regulatory
fines, and increased oversight from government agencies.
Part a) Discuss the importance of incident response planning, timely notification to
affected individuals, and communication with regulatory authorities. What were the
shortcomings in Equifax’s response to the breach, and what lessons can other
organizations learn from this incident? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
The Equifax data breach of 2017 stands as a stark reminder of the severe consequences a data
breach can have on an organization and its stakeholders. With nearly 147 million individuals
affected, the incident highlighted the critical importance of incident response planning, timely
notification, and effective communication with regulatory authorities in managing such
b) Highlight best practices in vulnerability management, data protection, and
cybersecurity governance. How can organizations proactively defend against cyber
threats and secure sensitive customer information? Use the Equifax incident as a
cautionary example to illustrate the importance of these measures. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
The Equifax data breach of 2017 serves as a stark reminder of the imperative need for robust
practices in vulnerability management, data protection, and cybersecurity governance.
Understanding and implementing best practices in these areas are critical for organizations to
proactively defend against cyber threats and safeguard sensitive customer information.
Lean Six Sigma
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Discuss the application of DMAIC methodology and associated tools for enhancing
business processes within an electric two-wheeler manufacturing company. Make a list
of any 5 process audits that can be used in an electric two-wheeler manufacturing
company and explain at least 2 such audits. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The application of the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) methodology
in the realm of electric two-wheeler manufacturing represents a strategic approach to enhance
operational efficiency and product quality. This methodology, integral to Lean Six Sigma
practices, focuses on identifying and eliminating defects in manufacturing processes. The
electric two-wheeler industry, characterized by its emphasis on innovation, sustainability, and
efficiency, demands stringent quality control and continuous process improvement to stay
competitive. The DMAIC framework offers a structured, data-driven approach to identify
bottlenecks, reduce waste, and optimize performance. Implementing this methodology in
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Q2. Imagine yourself being a six-sigma project leader for an online taxi-cab service in
India. Develop a fishbone diagram to outline potential issues (select any five)
encountered by online taxi-cab services that accept customer orders via their app.
Additionally, elucidate the procedural stages of Failure Mode and Effects Analysis
(FMEA), providing illustrative examples for each sequential step. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of online taxi-cab services in India, adopting a Six Sigma approach
is pivotal for enhancing service quality and customer satisfaction. As a Six Sigma project
leader for such a service, it is crucial to identify and address the myriad challenges that can
impede operational efficiency and customer experience. This exploration will involve the
construction of a fishbone diagram, a tool essential for categorizing and visualizing potential
issues. These issues, selected based on their relevance and impact, offer a comprehensive
understanding of the obstacles faced in this domain. Furthermore, the concept of Failure
Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) will be elucidated. FMEA is a systematic, step-by-step
Q3. A growing Ed-tech company in India is looking to hire technical staff for expanding
operations. Many hiring managers have grumbled that the HR dept. is not recruiting
staff fast enough, and the HR director came to know that you have completed a Lean
Six Sigma course therefore, he/she appoints you as the team lead to analyze the
recruitment and hiring process. The HR department does the sourcing of candidates
themselves and only occasionally works with external recruitment agencies on an ad-hoc
basis. The Ed-tech company does not have an IT system to manage the hiring process.
Email is the main means of communication.
a. Create a flowchart based on your understanding of how a new staff member is
recruited using the SIPOC diagram explaining the various processes and decision tasks
assuming a typical recruitment process. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the fast-paced environment of a growing Ed-tech company in India, the recruitment
process plays a pivotal role in shaping the workforce and driving the organization’s success.
The current recruitment process, primarily managed by the HR department without the aid of
a dedicated IT system, relies heavily on email communication and occasional collaboration
with external agencies. This process, as depicted in the provided flowchart, involves several
b. Highlight the difference between verification and validation with examples and list
techniques used in validation activities for new product and process design. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Verification and validation are fundamental concepts in quality management, particularly in
new product and process design. While they are often used interchangeably, they serve
distinct purposes in ensuring that a product or process meets its intended purpose and
requirements. Verification is about checking whether the product or process was made
Management Theory and Practice
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Using Hofstede’s 5 dimensions, can you help Lalit Hotels to open their new branch
in Dubai, UAE. Guide them about the cultural differences they need to keep in mind?
(10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The successful establishment of a new branch of Lalit Hotels in Dubai, UAE, necessitates a
deep understanding and thoughtful application of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions theory. This
theory, developed by Geert Hofstede, is a framework for understanding cultural differences
across countries and regions. Dubai’s unique cultural landscape, characterized by its
traditional Arab values blended with a cosmopolitan flair, presents both challenges and
opportunities for Lalit Hotels. Given that cultural sensitivity and adaptation are key to
successful international business ventures, it’s imperative for Lalit Hotels to carefully analyze
each of Hofstede’s five dimensions – Power Distance, Individualism vs. Collectivism,
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Q2. As a management trainer to a startup dealing with chipsets, can you explain 6 box
organizational model and its role in helping them design their organizational structure?
(10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The 6 Box Model, a brainchild of Marvin Weisbord, is a diagnostic framework pivotal in
assessing and improving the functionality of organizations. Particularly beneficial for a
startup specializing in chipsets, this model facilitates a comprehensive understanding of the
various dimensions influencing an organization’s efficiency and effectiveness. Startups, often
characterized by their agility and innovative spirit, confront unique challenges in managing
growth, ensuring technological advancements, and maintaining a competitive edge. In such a
scenario, the 6 Box Model serves as an essential tool. It encompasses six critical areas:
purposes, structures, relationships, rewards, leadership, and helpful mechanisms. By
Q3. Hortons Ltd has been facing many loses, losing clients and want to modernize
themselves using modern techniques and have hired you as a consultant for the same.
Can you explain the following concepts to them and how will they help them modernize
a rubber manufacturing business like theirs
a. 5S Framework (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Hortons Ltd, a company in the rubber manufacturing sector facing significant challenges,
seeks to revitalize its operations and regain competitiveness. The 5S Framework, originating
from Japanese management practices, presents an ideal solution. This framework is not just a
set of principles but a culture aimed at creating efficiency, safety, and a disciplined work
environment. In an industry like rubber manufacturing, where precision, cleanliness, and
b. Lean Production (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
For Hortons Ltd, a company striving to overcome losses and client attrition in the rubber
manufacturing sector, the concept of Lean Production offers a transformative approach.
Originating from the Toyota Production System, Lean Production emphasizes minimizing
waste while maximizing productivity. This methodology is not just a set of tools and
Managing Business Process Outsourcing
April 2024 Examination
1. In the dynamic landscape of the automobile manufacturing industry, XYZ Motors is
contemplating a strategic move to outsource its call center for customer support and
digital marketing processes to a reputable Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) firm.
Recognizing that such ventures carry inherent risks, the leadership team at XYZ
Motors is keen on identifying and addressing potential challenges systematically.
Enumerate and elaborate on the diverse risk factors associated with outsourcing these
pivotal functions to a BPO. The scope includes considerations like data security,
service quality, communication nuances, regulatory compliance, vendor reliance,
technology infrastructure, employee turnover, financial stability of the BPO,
external risks such as natural disasters and geopolitical events, and
safeguarding intellectual property.
Outline how XYZ Motors can conduct a thorough risk assessment, incorporate risk-
mitigating clauses in the outsourcing agreement, and establish ongoing monitoring
mechanisms to ensure a seamless and secure collaboration with the chosen BPO. (10
Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction:
In the fast-paced and dynamic landscape of the automobile manufacturing industry, XYZ
Motors is contemplating a strategic move to outsource its critical customer support and digital
marketing processes to a reputable Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) firm. While such a
move can offer cost efficiencies and expertise, it is not without inherent risks. The leadership
team at XYZ Motors recognizes the need to systematically identify and address potential
challenges associated with outsourcing these pivotal functions. Key considerations include
data security, service quality, communication nuances, regulatory compliance, vendor
reliance, technology infrastructure, employee turnover, financial stability of the BPO, and
external risks such as natural disasters and geopolitical events. Additionally, safeguarding
intellectual property is paramount. This exploration aims to enumerate and elaborate on these
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2) Explore the concept of value-added services in BPO strategic partnering. How can
BPO service providers go beyond cost savings and efficiency improvements to
deliver value-added services that drive business growth and innovation for their clients?
Provide examples of such value-added services in BPO partnerships. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction:
In the dynamic landscape of Business Process Outsourcing (BPO), the traditional focus on
cost savings and efficiency improvements has evolved to encompass a broader perspective.
While cost-effectiveness remains pivotal, the concept of value-added services has emerged as
a strategic imperative for BPO service providers. Value-added services go beyond the
conventional metrics, offering clients enhanced benefits that contribute to business growth
and innovation. This shift in approach reflects the acknowledgment that BPO partnerships
should be seen as strategic collaborations aimed at fostering long-term success. This essay
3) Banks have often built the majority of their technology solutions in-house in the past,
this has changed gradually in recent years for a number of reasons, including costs,
speed to market, and access to innovation and expertize. XDFL Bank’s outsourcing-
focused approach has been led by its desire to concentrate resources on meeting clients’
banking needs.
Part of a larger financial services group, the bank has a small but growing share of
domestic household lending and retail deposit markets, with growth driven by
marketing to the parent group’s clients and by generating new business. The bank
serves customers via both digital channels and a branch network, with a particular
focus on high levels of automation and investment in self-service delivery channels.
“Any bank’s systems must provide high availability, high levels of security and have the
ability to cope with periods of high transaction volumes. Indeed, the ability of bank’s
underlying operating infrastructure to deliver on these expectations is critical to
maintaining client trust,” said the bank’s head of IT.
From an IT perspective, the bank’s strategy has been to outsource system support and
development as much as possible: it brought in all of its 80—100 systems – from core
banking to reporting to applications supporting its digital channels. This means the
primary responsibility of its 30 in-house IT staff is to govern and manage
relationships with third-party vendors.
The key reason for choosing an outsourcing strategy was to help the bank to focus on
meeting customers’ banking needs; IT supports this aim, but it is not a core competence
integral to the bank’s ability to serve customers.
“Rather than competing to recruit today’s developer skills, the bank decided it was
better served hiring staff that can combine a number of skills, including developer
experience, project and vendor management to ensure that we work effectively with
third-parties to deliver superior banking services to clients,” explained the bank’s head
of IT. The bank’s approach to service development is customer-driven and agile, which
means it tends to make a lot of incremental changes on an ongoing basis, rather than
launching big projects or releases. Despite only hiring around 30 in-house IT employees,
the total number of people working on the bank’s IT infrastructure across all vendors
runs into the hundreds.
a) Does XDFL Bank’s approach on outsourcing give itself an advantage in terms of
managing risk better? Justify. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction:
XDFL Bank’s strategic approach of outsourcing its technology solutions reflects a departure
from the conventional in-house development model prevalent in the banking sector. The
bank’s rationale revolves around concentrating resources on meeting clients’ banking needs
while leveraging external expertise for IT functions. This approach prompts an exploration
b. What would be the factors on which the success of the outsourcing endevour of the
bank be most dependent on? Explain in brief. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
The success of XDFL Bank’s outsourcing endeavor hinges on various critical factors that
shape its ability to effectively leverage external expertise for technology-related functions.
Understanding these factors is crucial in assessing the viability and sustainability of the
bank’s outsourcing strategy.
Concept and Solution:
1.Strategic Vendor Selection: The choice of outsourcing partners is paramount. XDFL
Manpower Planning, Recruitment and Selection
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Imagine you are the Recruitment Manager of a dynamic tech startup that is seeking
innovative ways to attract top talent in the competitive technology industry. The
company believes in modernizing its recruitment strategies and leveraging technology to
identify and hire the best candidates. Outline a practical approach for implementing
modern channels of recruitment within your organization. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the rapidly evolving tech industry, attracting top talent is paramount for startups aiming to
thrive and innovate. As the Recruitment Manager of a dynamic tech startup, the challenge is
not only to find skilled individuals but also to appeal to their aspirations and expectations in a
competitive landscape. Modernizing recruitment strategies through the adoption of
technology and innovative channels is not a mere option but a necessity. This approach
involves leveraging digital platforms, social media, and advanced data analytics to reach a
broader, more diverse candidate pool. By implementing modern channels of recruitment, the
organization can enhance its visibility, engage with potential candidates more effectively, and
streamline the hiring process. This shift towards technology-driven recruitment practices
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Q2. You are the HR Manager of a well-established manufacturing company that has
been using traditional methods of performance appraisal for many years. The
management team is considering a potential shift to more modern performance
management approaches. Your task is to provide an in-depth analysis of the advantages
of modern performance appraisal methods in the context of your organization.
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the evolving landscape of human resource management, performance appraisal methods
have undergone a significant transformation, shifting from traditional, often one-dimensional
evaluations to more holistic and dynamic approaches. As the HR Manager of a wellestablished

manufacturing company, the imperative to adapt to modern performance
management techniques becomes crucial in navigating the complexities of today’s workforce
dynamics. Traditional methods, characterized by their focus on annual reviews and
quantitative assessments, are increasingly seen as insufficient in capturing the full spectrum
of employee performance and potential. The move towards modern methods is not merely a
Q3a. As the Human Resource Manager of a rapidly expanding multinational
corporation, your task is to refine the human resource planning process by
incorporating advanced demand forecasting methods. The company is entering new
markets and experiencing shifts in workforce requirements. Select any three of the
demand forecasting methods and present a comprehensive plan for their
implementation. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of a rapidly expanding multinational corporation, the precision of
human resource planning becomes a cornerstone of strategic growth and operational
efficiency. As we venture into new markets and navigate shifts in workforce requirements,
the integration of advanced demand forecasting methods into our human resource planning
process is imperative. These forecasting methods will enable us to anticipate future human
resource needs accurately, ensuring that we have the right talent in place to meet our strategic
Q3b. Imagine you are the Training Manager of a well-established manufacturing
company facing operational challenges that seem to require training interventions. The
company values efficient solutions that align with its goals. Develop a practical
strategy for addressing challenges in training Choose a specific challenge your company
is facing and explain how you would assess whether training is indeed the
appropriate solution. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the dynamic environment of a well-established manufacturing company, operational
challenges are inevitable. These challenges often highlight areas where employee skills and
knowledge may be lacking or outdated, suggesting that training interventions might be
necessary. As the Training Manager, it is my responsibility to devise efficient and effective
training strategies that align with our company’s goals. One specific challenge we face is the
Marketing Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Citing from your own practical experience, which are the factors, which are
important in the retail scenario for a product in a supermarket to sell? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic world of retail marketing, especially within the bustling aisles of
supermarkets, several factors play a pivotal role in determining the success of a product.
Drawing from my practical experience in this sector, I have observed that these factors go
beyond the mere appeal of the product itself. Supermarkets are unique retail environments
where consumer behavior is influenced by a variety of stimuli, ranging from the product’s
placement on the shelves to the psychological impact of pricing strategies. These
environments are microcosms where consumer choices are subtly guided by both overt and
covert marketing tactics. Understanding these factors is crucial for any product to not only
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Q2. How would you go about starting your own business, which would be an exclusive
cake, cookies and biscuits store and ensure its success? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Starting a business, particularly an exclusive cake, cookies, and biscuits store, is an exciting
venture that blends passion for baking with entrepreneurial spirit. The journey begins with a
clear vision and understanding of the market’s needs. The success of such a business hinges
on several critical factors, including identifying a niche market, understanding customer
preferences, and delivering unique and high-quality products. A comprehensive business plan
is essential, outlining the business model, market analysis, marketing strategies, financial
planning, and operational plans. Emphasizing product uniqueness, quality, and customer
Q3. Case Study
Audi’s marketing synchromesh
The luxury carmaker is focusing on technology, digital platforms and below-theline
activities to drive
sales.
Every carmaker has marketing principles and brand attributes that they leverage to get
better connected with their customers. Think reliability and engineering for Honda, low
cost of ownership and maintenance for Maruti Suzuki and sporty driving for BMW.
For Audi India, its Strategy 2025 black book includes the following: Customercentricity,
network,
product,
and
digitalization.
These
operating
principles
started
some

six
years
ago,
and
could
be
said
to
largely
apply
to
other
luxury
carmakers,
but
Audi’s

strategy
seems
to
point
to
pushing
technology
to
directly
connect
with
consumers
using

digital platforms and marketing to synchromesh into one seamless
experience.
Balbir Dhillon, Audi India head, said he’s especially throwing his weight behind
customer connection, with half the marketing budget dedicated to below-the-line
activities this year. That includes organizing regular “Quattro drives” for customers
across cities; get-togethers that blend experiences such as movie driven-ins for the latest
James Bond film and more. Quattro is an Italian word trademarked by Audi as code for
indicating that it uses all-wheel drive systems in some of its cars. There’s also a
significant digital push that Audi will unveil this year, which is in the last stages of
finalization.
Meanwhile, Audi offers concierge services through an ownership app called MyAudi
that allows customers to avail of service that range from booking restaurants to flying
overseas and renting car. Audi, Dhillon added, has also been the first brand to use
augmented reality and virtual reality at the retail customers level. Audi has 29
showrooms, 41 service centers and 14 Audi Approved Plus (pre-owned car) facilities.
The brand is looking to increase the latter substantially in 2022.
Audi, like Mercedes, has seen prices increase, resulting in greater profits, thanks to a
supply crunch driven by a global shortage of chips. “We could sell two times what we
did if it wasn’t for the chip shortage,” Dhillon added. Of the top four luxury carmakers
that include market leader Mercedes-Benz, BMW and Audi, the Volkswagen-owned
brand that features four rings as its logo has the smaller market share, but is also the
company that came here last, in 2007.
Recent figures indicate that its sales are on an uptick after a particularly depressed
2020. Sales for the brand were: 4,594 cars in 2019, 1,639 in 2020 and 3,293 in 2021. Why
did Audi see such a sharp slump in 2020? Analysts who track the sector suggested that
the consumer market was aware that Audi was going to phase out BS IV cars by March
2022 and that may have led them to switch to other cars, though they were already up to
regulatory standards. When Audi first entered India, it had to focus on a part-education
and part heavy marketing strategy for an audience that was largely familiar with only
BMW and Mercedes-Benz. To that end, it built a halo round itself by deploying
celebrities and actors as brand ambassadors. Most of Bollywood drove Q5s and Q7s at
one stage with Salman Khan even making it down to launch events for Andi’s sportier
sedans-something he historically avoided.
Suraj Ghosh, associate director (powertrain & compliance forecasts), South Asia IHS
Markit, said Audi India has smaller product portfolio and a smaller network footprint
than its competitors. Increasing the degree of localization will allow it to avail of
taxation benefits and be more competitive in its pricing. The company said its cars,
which are assembled here, are looking to target between 80 and 85 per cent local content
for the Audi
A4, A6, 05 and Q7. But that’s only part of the challenge. What’s changed for Audi in the
last five years is the consumer profile. In terms of general consumers, many of its cars
were owned mostly by business people and CEOs. For instance, ICICI Banks former
boss Chanda Kochhar drove an A8 sedan, as did Godrej. “What has changed is that a
lot of mid-level and emerging professionals are also buying Audi cars now, and while it
used to be real professionals and traders that drove volumes, that’s not the case
anymore,” Dhillion pointed out.
Buyers today are younger and there is a growing acceptability that it is okay to buy a
luxe car. But the sensibility of ownership amongst young buyers who come from startup

backgrounds is very different, he added. “They want to buy shoes that are
sustainable and made by companies that are high on ESG (environmental, social, and
governance) norms, so their approach to vehicles is no different,” Audi regularly sees
more queries for the electric range of cars as well as fuel efficiency norms.
Audi India has among the widest range of electric cars (five)-the e-tron 50, e-tron 55, e-
tron Sportback 55, e-tron GT and RSe-tron GT. But the key volume sellers remain the
Audi A4, Audi A6, Audi Q2, Audi Q5 and Audi Q8. In other words, Audi in still very
much a Q-led company in terms of its volumes. Officials said 45 per cent of sales comes
from the Q range. The Q7, a brand new launch for 2022, is expected to be rolled out
soon.
Does that mean its electric vehicles are more of a notional offering? Dhillon clarified
that it’s going to make time before the charging network is ready and prices rationalize
for EV sales Cars are already taxed at around 28 per cent and, when it’s an electric car,
he explained, there are duties on components and other imports, so that the company
faces “a duty on a duty”, creating an additional layering that makes its EVs so
expensive. For an e- tron, Dhillion said the duty is around 111 per cent. Add the cost of
registration and the final price “restricts the full potential of the category”.
“Even so, when the time is right, Audi’s next investment is likely to be in EVs,” Dhillon
said. “Policy will change some day and it may be a long wait but Audi is committed to
the cause.”
Questions
Q3 a) What is Audis future strategy? What is the name of its digital platform and how
does it plan to leverage this platform? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Audi’s future strategy, as outlined in its Strategy 2025, focuses on a blend of customercentricity,

an expansive network, innovative products, and a strong emphasis on
digitalization. This approach reflects a clear shift towards integrating advanced technology
and digital platforms to enhance the customer experience and drive sales. The centerpiece of
this strategy is their digital platform, which plays a pivotal role in connecting with customers
Q3b) What has changed in the customer profiles who own Audi. How has this
demographic profile changed in recent times? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Audi’s evolving customer profile marks a significant shift in the brand’s demographic appeal
and market positioning. Traditionally seen as a symbol of status among high-tier
professionals and business elites, Audi has experienced a transformation in its customer base.
This change reflects broader socio-economic trends and shifting consumer preferences,
especially in emerging markets like India. Understanding this demographic evolution is key
Marketing of Financial Services
April 2024 Examination
1. Develop a services marketing mix for a credit card company of your choice. (10
Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of financial services, the marketing mix plays a crucial role in
defining the success and growth trajectory of companies. Among these entities, credit card
companies stand out for their aggressive marketing strategies and customer-centric products.
The traditional 4Ps of marketing—Product, Price, Place, and Promotion—have been
expanded in the services sector to include three additional Ps: People, Processes, and Physical
evidence, making it the 7Ps marketing mix. This expanded marketing mix framework is
essential for credit card companies to differentiate themselves in a highly competitive market.
The focus on not just the tangible aspects of the offer, but also the quality and efficiency of
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2. Elaborate on the concept of Online Marketing for financial services and its
transformative impact on the sale of financial products and services in India. Also,
provide an example of a financial services company that has effectively leveraged
online marketing. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the digital era, the landscape of marketing, especially within the financial sector, has
undergone a significant transformation, moving beyond traditional boundaries to embrace
online platforms. Online marketing for financial services has emerged as a pivotal force,
redefining how financial products and services are marketed and consumed in India. This
shift not only reflects the increasing penetration of internet and mobile technology but also
aligns with the changing consumer behavior that favors convenience, speed, and personalized
experiences. As a result, financial institutions have been prompted to innovate and adapt their
3. As a Financial Planner, you have been consulted by Ravi Sharma, a 32-year-old
professional working in the media industry with an annual income of Rs. 20 lakhs. His
wife, Neha is 30 years old and currently a homemaker. They have a 3-year-old daughter
named Riya. Ravi and Neha seek your expert assistance to make informed financial
decisions. You may make reasonable assumptions to further elaborate on your
recommendations.
a. Ravi wants to buy a pure risk life insurance cover. He is confused whether he should
buy a ULIP or a Term Plan. Recommend the product best suited for him giving valid
reasons. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the complex world of financial planning, selecting the right insurance product is crucial for
securing a family’s financial future. Ravi Sharma, a media professional with a significant
annual income, faces a common dilemma between choosing a Unit Linked Insurance Plan
(ULIP) and a Term Plan. Both options offer distinct features and benefits tailored to different
financial goals and risk appetites. Understanding the nuances of each product becomes
b. Ravi is contemplating the idea of purchasing a holiday home by liquidating his
retirement savings and taking a home loan for the next 10 to 15 years. He is seeking
your opinion on whether this strategy aligns with his Retirement Plan. Kindly offer your
expert advice and recommendations. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The aspiration to own a holiday home is a dream for many, offering a retreat from the hustle
and bustle of daily life. However, when considering such a significant financial decision,
especially one involving the liquidation of retirement savings and the potential burden of a
long-term loan, it is crucial to evaluate the implications on one’s financial stability and
retirement planning. Ravi Sharma, at the age of 32, stands at a crossroads, contemplating the
Marketing Research
April 2024 Examination
1. Pizza hut is interested in expanding its menu to include healthier options. Using
techniques of new product development elaborate on the steps that Pizza hut should
follow to for launching new products. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In today’s rapidly evolving food industry, the demand for healthier options is escalating,
urging established brands like Pizza Hut to innovate and expand their menu offerings. To
remain competitive and cater to the changing consumer preferences, Pizza Hut’s initiative to
include healthier options is not just timely but essential. The process of introducing new
products, especially in a market dominated by established tastes and preferences, requires a
strategic and methodical approach. This involves a series of steps that are crucial in ensuring
the successful launch and sustainability of the new products in the market. These steps
include market research, concept development, product design, testing, and a strategic launch
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2. Microsoft is exploring opportunities to expand its customer base internationally. How
would you conduct market research to identify potential target markets, cultural
differences, and preferences for technology products in different countries? Develop a
market research process to understand the reasons for the same. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In an era of globalization and technological advancement, companies like Microsoft must
navigate a complex and dynamic international landscape to expand their customer base. The
quest to understand diverse markets across different countries necessitates a comprehensive
market research strategy that delves into varying cultural nuances, consumer behaviors, and
technological preferences. This research is crucial not only for identifying potential target
markets but also for tailoring products and services to meet the unique demands of each
region. By leveraging a mix of traditional and innovative research methodologies, businesses
can gain insights into the intricacies of global markets, thus fostering informed decision-
3. Levis is seeking to improve its data security, transparency, and overall efficiency in its
operations. However, the current centralized systems pose significant risks of data
breaches and lack the ability to ensure seamless data sharing with stakeholders. To
address these challenges, the company is considering integrating blockchain technology
into its infrastructure. The problem statement is to identify the optimal approach to
integrate blockchain, ensuring data integrity, enhancing transparency, and maximizing
operational efficiency while considering potential implementation challenges and costs.
The company aims to explore blockchain’s potential benefits and limitations to make an
informed decision about adopting this innovative technology for its business processes.
a) Choose the appropriate research methodology for conducting the research that would
answer the mentioned business problem. Elaborate the same along with justification. (5
Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Levi’s initiative to enhance data security, transparency, and operational efficiency through
blockchain technology represents a strategic move in the digital transformation era. The
company faces the intricate task of integrating a decentralized technology into its existing
centralized systems to mitigate risks such as data breaches and inefficient data sharing. The
challenge lies in identifying the most effective approach to adopt blockchain technology,
balancing benefits against potential challenges and costs. A well-structured research
b) Generate a questionnaire for conducting the survey on how Levis can leverage the
power of blockchain. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Developing a questionnaire to explore how Levi’s can leverage the power of blockchain
technology is a critical step in understanding the specific needs, perceptions, and expectations
of stakeholders involved in this digital transformation. This questionnaire aims to gather
targeted insights from a range of respondents, including technology experts, company
employees, and possibly supply chain partners, to assess the practicality, anticipated benefits,
Marketing Strategy
April 2024 Examination
GlobalCorporation, a multinational conglomerate with a diverse portfolio of businesses
spanning various industries, including technology, healthcare, energy, entertainment,
and Fast- Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG). In this scenario, we’ll focus on
GlobalFoods, one of the thriving FMCG businesses under the GlobalCorporation
umbrella.
GlobalFoods Business Overview:
GlobalFoods is a subsidiary of GlobalCorporation, specializing in the production and
distribution of a wide range of fast-moving consumer goods. The company offers food
and beverage products that cater to diverse consumer tastes and preferences.
GlobalFoods has a strong global presence and is known for its commitment to quality,
innovation, and sustainable practices.
Functional Areas of GlobalFoods:
1. Product Development and Innovation: GlobalFoods places a strong emphasis on
research and development. Its team of food scientists, nutritionists, and chefs work
collaboratively to create new products, improve existing ones, and ensure they align
with market trends and consumer demands.
2. Manufacturing and Operations: This department oversees the production and
manufacturing processes. It includes factory managers, production line workers, and
quality control experts responsible for maintaining high product standards and efficient
production.
3. Supply Chain and Logistics: GlobalFoods manages a complex supply chain to source
raw materials, manage inventory, and ensure timely delivery to distribution centers and
retailers. Logistics professionals play a critical role in optimizing transportation and
distribution networks.
4. Sales and Marketing: The sales and marketing teams are responsible for promoting
GlobalFoods products to consumers and retailers. They conduct market research,
develop marketing strategies, and build strong relationships with distributors and retail
partners.
5. Quality Assurance and Food Safety: This department ensures that GlobalFoods
products meet regulatory standards and undergo rigorous quality control checks at
every stage of production. Food safety experts work to maintain the highest standards of
product safety and integrity.
6. Customer Insights and Analytics: GlobalFoods employs data analysts who track
consumer behavior, market trends, and product performance. They use this data to
make informed decisions regarding product development and marketing strategies.
7. Finance and Accounting: The finance and accounting team manages the financial
aspects of GlobalFoods, including budgeting, financial reporting, and investment
decisions. They ensure the company’s financial health and compliance with industry
and regulatory standards.
8. Human Resources: HR professionals are responsible for recruitment, talent
development, employee relations, and workplace culture. They play a pivotal role in
building a skilled and motivated workforce.
9. Sustainability and Environmental Affairs: Recognizing the importance of
sustainability, this functional area focuses on reducing environmental impacts in
production, sourcing sustainable ingredients, and implementing eco-friendly practices.
Detailed Focus on Product Development and Innovation: Product Development and
Innovation:
GlobalFoods thrives on creating new and exciting food and beverage products to meet
evolving consumer tastes and expectations. This department is at the forefront of
innovation and is responsible for:
– New Product Ideation: Collaborating with market research teams to identify emerging
trends and consumer demands, then generating ideas for new products.
– Recipe and Formula Development: Food scientists, chefs, and nutritionists work
together to create and refine product recipes and formulas, ensuring they are both
delicious and nutritious.
– Sensory Testing: Conducting extensive sensory testing with expert panels and
consumer groups to fine-tune flavors, textures, and overall product appeal.
– Packaging and Presentation: Collaborating with packaging designers to create
attractive, functional, and environmentally responsible packaging for new products.
– Compliance and Labelling: Ensuring all products meet regulatory and labelling
requirements, with a focus on transparency and accurate nutritional information.
– Competitor Analysis: Continuously monitoring and analyzing competitors’ products to
stay ahead in the market and identify opportunities for improvement.
The Product Development and Innovation department is essential to GlobalFoods’
mission to provide consumers with innovative, high-quality food and beverage products.
They work closely with other functional areas to ensure a seamless and successful
product development process from concept to market.
This scenario illustrates how GlobalFoods, an FMCG business within a corporate
conglomerate like GlobalCorporation, operates, emphasizing the crucial role of various
functional areas within GlobalFoods and how they contribute to the success of the
business in the highly competitive FMCG industry.
1. Identify and explain various levels of Strategy for the GlobalCorporation. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic business landscape, GlobalCorporation, a vast conglomerate with a diverse
portfolio, epitomizes strategic complexity and multifaceted operations. At its core, the
conglomerate’s strategy intertwines various business units, including GlobalFoods, its FMCG
subsidiary. To comprehend GlobalCorporation’s overarching strategy, it’s essential to dissect
its structure, spanning from the corporate level down to functional tactics. This analysis will
illuminate how the conglomerate synchronizes its diverse segments, aligns its corporate
vision with subsidiary goals, and navigates the intricate balance between global reach and
local responsiveness. Understanding these layers of strategy offers insights into
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2. Explain various types of Segmentation that you will consider for GlobalFoods. (10
Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Segmentation is a pivotal aspect of marketing strategy, particularly for a company like
GlobalFoods operating in the highly competitive FMCG sector. Effective segmentation
enables businesses to tailor their products and marketing efforts to distinct customer groups,
enhancing customer satisfaction and market penetration. For GlobalFoods, the process of
segmentation involves categorizing its target audience into various segments based on
specific characteristics and needs. This approach allows the company to deliver products that
align with each segment’s preferences, thus driving sales and brand loyalty. In this discussion,
3a. As a consultant to GlobalFoods, suggest various stages involved in the
organizational buying process for the raw materials that are needed for the
manufacturing of FMCG Goods. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The procurement of raw materials is a critical component of GlobalFoods’ manufacturing
process for FMCG goods. The organizational buying process, also known as the B2B
(business-to-business) buying process, involves several stages that ensure the acquisition of
high-quality raw materials to meet production demands. In this context, we will explore the
various stages involved in GlobalFoods’ organizational buying process for raw materials,
b. Explain with reason, any five important financial ratios that will be useful for the
analysis of GlobalFoods Business. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Financial ratios are essential tools for assessing the financial health and performance of a
business, and GlobalFoods is no exception. As a subsidiary of GlobalCorporation operating in
the FMCG sector, it’s crucial for GlobalFoods to use financial ratios to gain insights into its
financial stability, efficiency, profitability, and overall effectiveness in achieving its
objectives. In this context, we will explore five important financial ratios that are particularly
Merchandising Management
April 2024 Examination
1. Promotions are supposed to increase the sale of a product and also help in the
company’s growth to generate good profits. Kindly share your inputs on the same? (10
Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Promotions are a crucial element in the marketing mix, serving as a bridge between a
company and its potential customers. They play a pivotal role in stimulating demand, creating
brand awareness, and ultimately driving sales. Through various forms such as discounts,
special offers, advertisements, and events, promotions aim to capture the attention of the
target audience and persuade them to make a purchase. This strategy not only boosts shortterm

sales but also contributes to building long-term brand loyalty among consumers.
Furthermore, effective promotion campaigns can significantly enhance the company’s market
presence, setting it apart from competitors. By carefully designing and executing promotional
strategies, companies can achieve their sales objectives and foster sustainable growth. The
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2. How do planograms help to display the merchandise and what are the steps the
retailers take to improve the display for increasing more foot traffic of the customers?
(10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Planograms play a crucial role in retail merchandising management, serving as a strategic tool
to optimize the display of merchandise within a store. These visual diagrams specify where
and how products should be placed on shelves or retail spaces to maximize visibility and
appeal to customers. The effectiveness of planograms lies in their ability to create an
organized, aesthetically pleasing shopping environment that enhances product discovery and
accessibility. By meticulously planning the layout, retailers can influence shopping behavior,
encourage impulse buys, and improve overall customer experience. Furthermore, planograms
are instrumental in inventory management, ensuring that high-demand products are
3. Case Study
Consumer durables to soon become 5-10% costlier
Prices of air conditioners and refrigerators have shot up in the new year as consumer
durables makers pass on the impact of rising raw material costs and higher freight
charges to customers, while home appliances like washing machines may witness 5-10
per cent price hike later this month or by March.
Panasonic, LG, Haier have already raised prices, while Sony, Hitachi, Godrej
Appliances may take a call by the end of this quarter.
According to the Consumer Electronics and Appliances Manufacturers Association
(CEAMA), the industry may hike prices in a range of 5-7 per cent from January to
March.
“With an unprecedented surge in the cost of commodities, global freight and raw
materials, we have taken steps to increase prices of our products by 3 to 5 per cent in
the refrigerator, washing machines, and air conditioner categories.” Haier Appliances
India President Satish N S said. Panasonic, which has already raised prices by up to 8
per cent for ACs, is considering more hikes. It is also mulling a similar move for home
appliances. “We can also see a reflection of price hike for home appliances too in near
future,” said Panasonic India Divisional Director, Consumer Electronics Fumiyasu
Fujimori.
LG Electronics, which has also increased prices in the home appliances category, said,
“We have tried best to absorb the same through cost innovations but prices need to
increase for business sustainability”.
Terming the price increase “inevitable”, Johnson Controls-Hitachi Air Conditioning
India Chairman and managing Director Gurmeet Singh said. “In a phased manner, up
to April, prices will go up by at least 8-10 per cent. Prices have gone up from around the
same time last year December to this year by nearly 6-7 per cent,” he said, adding, “the
onslaught of Cost Up is continuing and now with anti-dumping duties being imposed on
aluminum and refrigerants, we see another increase by 2- 3 per cent”.
CEAMA President Eric Braganza said, “The industry had postponed the price Increase
due to the festive season. However, currently, manufacturers have no other option but
to pass on the price hike to customers. We expect the industry to do a round of price
hike from January to March in the range of 5-7 per cent.”
The implementation would vary from company to company as some of the
manufacturers have already hiked prices and some are in the process of doing it.
“Nonetheless, if the demand is sluggish and the prices of raw materials fall, there is a
chance that we might see prices coming down In April or May,” he said.
“Price correction is not on the cards at the moment,” said Sony India Managing
Director Sunil Nayyar.
Price of metals and plastics used in consumer durables has risen 70 per cent along with
rise in cost of chips. Further, weekend and night curfews have also led to up to 25 per
cent production loss, SPPL CEO Avneet Singh Marwah said.
Questions
a. Why have the prices of consumer durables shot up? What are the reasons for this
price hike? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The consumer durables sector is currently experiencing a notable increase in prices, a
phenomenon driven by multiple factors impacting the industry globally. This rise in costs is
largely attributed to the escalating prices of raw materials, higher freight charges, and the
imposition of anti-dumping duties on certain materials. Manufacturers such as Panasonic, LG,
and Haier, among others, have begun to pass these additional costs onto consumers by raising
b. What steps can be taken to control prices and what are the other factors where these
goods can be made more affordable to the customers? (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In response to the rising prices of consumer durables, stakeholders across the industry are
seeking strategies to mitigate these increases and maintain affordability for consumers.
Controlling prices in such a volatile economic environment requires a multifaceted approach,
focusing on supply chain optimization, technological innovation, and policy intervention. By
New Product Development and Managing Innovation
April 2024 Examination
1. Megamax is a large multinational mobile manufacturer. Assume that you are
running a project for them with the goal of launching a new age mobile phone with
cutting edge features as a competition to the iPhone. Explain how you would approach
the strategy development using the 2 models of strategic planning – Ansoff Matrix and
BCG matrix. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic and highly competitive mobile manufacturing industry, Megamax stands at a
crucial juncture, seeking to launch a new-age mobile phone that rivals the iconic iPhone. This
endeavor necessitates not just innovative technological integration but also a strategic
approach to product development and market positioning. To effectively navigate this
challenge, two pivotal strategic planning models come into play: the Ansoff Matrix and the
Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix. These frameworks offer structured methodologies
for exploring growth opportunities and allocating resources efficiently. The Ansoff Matrix
helps in identifying potential markets and product development strategies, while the BCG
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2.What are the 4 stages of the product lifecycle? Pick up the example of the Telecom
space and explain each stage with an example of a product that underwent / is
undergoing a product lifecycle stage. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The concept of a product lifecycle is crucial in understanding how products evolve from their
inception to eventual decline in the market. This lifecycle is typically segmented into four
distinct stages: introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. Each stage embodies specific
characteristics and challenges that businesses must navigate to maximize a product’s success
and longevity. In the dynamic telecom industry, these stages are particularly evident, given
the rapid technological advancements and shifting consumer preferences. Products in this
sector, such as mobile phones, network services, and data plans, often exemplify the
3a. One of the steps in new product development is Concept testing? Describe the
significance of Concept testing in the context of an industry of your choice. If you were
to look after NPD process, what typical steps would you follow as part of Concept
testing? (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Concept testing is a critical step in the new product development (NPD) process, serving as a
bridge between initial ideas and their tangible implementation. Its significance is particularly
pronounced in the technology industry, where the rapid pace of innovation and high market
competition necessitate a thorough validation of product concepts before full-scale
development and launch. This phase involves evaluating the product idea with a target
3b. If in your role as a product manager, you are entrusted with launching new product
in an existing market, what are the major types of products possible? Explain with an
example for each. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
As a product manager tasked with launching a new product in an existing market, it’s
essential to recognize the different types of products that can be introduced. Broadly, these
can be categorized as innovative products, improved products, and me-too products. Each
type has its unique positioning, challenges, and strategies for market entry. The choice among
Operations and Supply Chain Strategies
April 2024 Examination
1. Mr. Goyal holds the position of supply chain manager at OLB Ltd., a company
currently shifting its focus towards manufacturing E scooters. Responding to customer
demand, the company is in the process of building the largest manufacturing facility for
E scooters in India. In this rapidly changing market, the company expects to encounter
fierce competition from various other firms. Your task is to Analyze and suggest a
different level of strategies that can be implemented within the company to enhance
overall business profitability. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic and rapidly evolving world of E scooter manufacturing, OLB Ltd. stands at a
pivotal juncture. With the ambitious project of setting up India’s largest E scooter
manufacturing facility, the company, under the leadership of Mr. Goyal, is poised to make
significant strides in this competitive market. The shift towards E scooters not only reflects a
keen understanding of changing consumer preferences but also a commitment to sustainable
and innovative transportation solutions. This transition, however, is not without its
challenges. The burgeoning market for E scooters in India is rife with competition,
necessitating strategic ingenuity in operations and supply chain management. The need for
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2. Twiggy is an Indian online food delivery platform that allows users to order food
semiconductor is from nearby restaurants and have it delivered to their doorstep.
Online food ordering and delivery platform Twiggy’s losses rose by 80 percent in the
2022-23 financial year. Is online delivery future of India? Is online food delivery
maturing or declining? Explain existing situation of online food delivery with respected
to industry life cycle. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The Indian online food delivery market, epitomized by platforms like Twiggy, has seen a
remarkable transformation in recent years. This evolution, however, is marked by significant
challenges, as evidenced by Twiggy’s 80% increase in losses during the 2022-23 financial
year. This situation prompts a crucial inquiry into the future of online food delivery in India
and its current position in the industry life cycle. Is the sector expanding, maturing, or facing
a decline? The answer to this lies in understanding the complex dynamics of consumer
behavior, technological advancements, market competition, and economic factors influencing
the industry. As we delve into these aspects, we will explore the current state of online food
3. Pedanta Ltd started manufacturing of semiconductor in Indian Market. The
requirement of huge in the global market and Pedanta Ltd invested huge amount of
money on machinery. Government is encouraging companies to develop, manufacture
and assemble products in India and incentivize dedicated investments into
manufacturing.
a.You are appointed as supply chain consultant in the Firm. Suggest important
supply chain drivers that helps Pedanta Ltd to become Global brand. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Pedanta Ltd’s foray into semiconductor manufacturing in the Indian market represents a
strategic move, especially considering the global demand for semiconductors and the Indian
government’s push towards self-reliance in manufacturing. As a supply chain consultant for
Pedanta Ltd, identifying and leveraging key supply chain drivers is crucial to elevate the
company to a global brand. These drivers play a pivotal role in ensuring efficiency, cost-
b. Enumerate the competitive dimensions required to ensure a productive worldwide
Operations and Supply Chain. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the highly interconnected and competitive global market, the effectiveness of a company’s
operations and supply chain is pivotal to its success. For Pedanta Ltd, a firm delving into
semiconductor manufacturing, understanding and mastering the competitive dimensions of
worldwide operations and supply chain management is essential. These dimensions are
critical factors that determine the efficiency, adaptability, and competitiveness of a business
Operations Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. DMart is a well-known retail chain that has gained popularity for its DMart Ready
service, an online platform for grocery shopping. One of the critical aspects that
contribute to its success is its robust inventory management system. Describe the
concept of DMart Ready and how it differs from the traditional DMart physical stores
by listing down the various inventory management techniques prevalent in the retail
industry. Also, discuss the key components and strategies employed by DMart Ready in
its inventory management system to ensure efficient operations and customer
satisfaction. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
DMart, an established name in the retail sector, has further solidified its market presence with
the introduction of DMart Ready, its online grocery shopping platform. This strategic move
marks a significant evolution from its conventional brick-and-mortar establishments,
reflecting the changing dynamics of consumer preferences and the retail landscape. The key
to DMart Ready’s success lies in its advanced inventory management system, a cornerstone of
modern retail operations that ensures efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and customer satisfaction.
Unlike traditional DMart stores, DMart Ready operates in the digital sphere, where inventory
management is not just about maintaining stock but also about integrating technology to
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Q2. Explain the fundamental concept of the Theory of Constraints (TOC) and its
significance in optimizing manufacturing processes. Considering a suitable example,
describe the key principles of the TOC philosophy and how it can be applied to
synchronous manufacturing to enhance production scheduling. Also illustrate how the
concept of DBR helps in improving overall system performance, reducing lead times,
and increasing throughput in manufacturing environments (Assume any industry). (10
marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The Theory of Constraints (TOC) is a significant paradigm in operations management that
focuses on identifying and addressing the most critical limitations, or constraints, within a
manufacturing or production process. Developed by Dr. Eliyahu M. Goldratt in the 1980s,
TOC has revolutionized how businesses view their processes and bottlenecks. It operates on
the premise that every system, regardless of its complexity, is limited in achieving more of its
goals by a small number of constraints. The aim of TOC is to systematically improve the
system by focusing on these constraints, thus enhancing overall performance. This method is
Q3. In a big multi-specialty hospital, quality management plays a pivotal role in
ensuring patient satisfaction and safety. Quality management tools are vital for
achieving operational excellence and maintaining high standards of healthcare
services. Additionally, the operations manager has a crucial role in overseeing quality
control.
(a) Explain the role of an operations manager in implementing and monitoring quality
control measures in the hospital. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In a multi-specialty hospital, the operations manager plays a critical role in implementing and
overseeing quality control measures. This role is pivotal in ensuring that the hospital not only
meets but exceeds the standards of healthcare services, thereby guaranteeing patient
satisfaction and safety. Quality management in healthcare is a complex and continuous
process that involves coordinating various departments, managing resources, and adhering to
(b) Discuss the various dimensions of quality in the healthcare sector and how each
dimension contributes to overall patient care and experience. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Quality in healthcare is a multi-dimensional concept, encompassing various aspects that
collectively determine the effectiveness, safety, and responsiveness of healthcare services.
These dimensions are critical in shaping patient care and experience, directly influencing the
outcomes and satisfaction of patients. Understanding and effectively managing these
Organisational Behaviour
April 2024 Examination
1. Scenario: Rohan is a project manager at a software development company. His role
involves interacting with clients, managing his team, and ensuring project deadlines are
met. Rohan is known for his calm and composed demeanor, even in high-pressure
situations. He enjoys the client interactions and finds them energizing. Whenever he
feels stressed due to project complexities, he takes a break to listen to his favorite music
or goes for a walk. His team members often approach him with their problems an
appreciate his approachability. Even when faced with demanding clients who express
frustration, Rohan remains patient and focuses on resolving their concerns.
Question: Based on the information provided, how would you assess Rohan’s
personality using the Big Five personality traits framework? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The Big Five personality traits framework is a widely accepted tool for understanding human
personality. It encapsulates five broad dimensions: Openness, Conscientiousness,
Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism, often remembered by the acronym OCEAN.
This framework provides a comprehensive means to assess individual differences in
personality and behavior. In the given scenario, we analyze Rohan, a project manager in a
software development company, using the Big Five traits. Rohan’s role involves extensive
client interaction, team management, and deadline adherence. His calm demeanor in highpressure
situations,
along with his
enjoyment in
client
interactions, and his
method of coping
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2. Samantha is a newly hired marketing coordinator at a digital advertising agency. She
notices that her team leader, Alex, communicates with clients and colleagues in a very
friendly and encouraging manner. Alex’s positivity and teamwork have contributed to a
cohesive work environment, and Samantha also observes that the team consistently
meets project deadlines. During a period when Alex is on medical leave, Samantha takes
over some of the team lead responsibilities. To her surprise, she finds that by adopting
Alex’s approach, she effectively manages the team and maintains a positive atmosphere.
This experience motivates Samantha to incorporate this approach into her personal life
as well. Question: In this scenario, which theory of learning could be applied to explain
Samantha’s behavior change? Please discuss the theory and its relevance to the
situation. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the fascinating realm of Organizational Behavior, the story of Samantha, a marketing
coordinator, serves as a quintessential example of learning and adaptation within a
professional setting. This narrative unfolds in a digital advertising agency, where Samantha
observes and later emulates the leadership style of her team leader, Alex. When Alex takes
medical leave, Samantha steps into a leadership role, applying the same positive and
encouraging communication methods she observed in Alex. This real-world scenario
provides an excellent backdrop to explore a specific theory of learning within organizational
3. Rohan is sales head for a pharmaceutical company. He has a team of 12 individuals
under him. Rohan feels very sad to state that it isn’t a team but a group of individuals
working under him as they do not show any team spirit. Akhil who is Rohan’s best
friend also happens to be the HR manager. When Rohan shared his concerns with Akhil
he asked Rohan to
a) Analyze the problems he (Rohan) is facing in teamwork. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of organizational behavior, Rohan’s challenge as a sales head in a
pharmaceutical company brings to light a critical issue prevalent in many organizations: the
lack of team cohesion. Leading a team of 12 individuals, Rohan confronts the reality that his
team operates more as a collection of individuals rather than as a unified entity. This scenario,
shared with his friend and HR manager Akhil, underscores the importance of diagnosing and
b) Also, what all methods Akhil can suggest Rohan for creating effective team in his
department? Discuss. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Creating an effective team is a fundamental challenge in any organizational setting, and
Rohan’s situation in the pharmaceutical company is no exception. As the sales head grappling
with a lack of team spirit, he turns to Akhil, the HR manager and his confidant, for advice.
Akhil’s role is pivotal in guiding Rohan towards fostering a cohesive and high-performing
Organisational Theory, Structure and Design
April 2024 Examination

1. An organisation is considered as a system where different interrelated components
interact with each other to attain common goals. What according to you are the
various components of an organisation as a system? Give suitable examples. (10
Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Organizational theory, structure, and design are instrumental in understanding how
organizations function and thrive. At its core, an organization is akin to a complex system
composed of various interrelated components, each contributing to the overall effectiveness
and success of the entity. These components range from tangible assets like technology and
physical infrastructure to intangible elements like culture, leadership, and strategy. The
interaction between these elements facilitates the organization’s ability to achieve its
objectives. For instance, a tech company may rely heavily on innovative technology and a
skilled workforce to develop cutting-edge products. However, without effective leadership
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2. The Neoclassical Approach is developed by Elton Mayo and his associates. What do
you think is the assumption of this approach? In this context explain the important
features of this approach that managers should be aware of. Add corporate examples.
(10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The Neoclassical Approach in Organizational Theory, pioneered by Elton Mayo and his
associates, marks a significant shift from the classical theories that primarily emphasized
structural aspects of management. This approach arose during the early 20th century, a period
characterized by rapid industrialization and evolving workforce dynamics. The primary
assumption of the Neoclassical Approach is that an organization is not just a mechanical
entity but a social system where human factors play a crucial role. It stresses the importance
of understanding human behavior, social relations, and teamwork within the workplace. This
3. Without an effective organisational structure, employees would not be clear about
their job roles and there would be no chain of command to follow. Keeping the above
scenario in mind, explain with examples:
a. Discuss the key features of the line and staff organisational structure. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the realm of organizational management, the structure adopted by a company significantly
influences its operational efficiency, clarity in roles, and overall decision-making process.
Among various organizational structures, the line and staff structure stands out for its unique
combination of direct and supportive roles. This structure is pivotal in establishing a clear
chain of command and delineating job responsibilities, thereby ensuring operational
b. Explain which features are needed to create a Matrix Organisation Structure. (5
Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The Matrix Organization Structure represents a complex yet highly adaptive and
collaborative organizational design. It stands out for its ability to facilitate efficient resource
utilization, foster cross-functional collaboration, and respond dynamically to changing market
demands. This structure effectively combines two or more different types of organizational
structures, typically functional and project-based, to leverage the strengths of both.
Understanding the key features required to create an effective Matrix Organization Structure
Organisation Culture
April 2024 Examination
1. Reflect on an organisation you are familiar with, whether through firsthand
experience, academic case studies, or widely available information. In this organisation,
are employee engagement, sense of ownership, and commitment to organizational goals
notably strong? Could these positive traits be indicative of how property rights are
organised to fortify the culture of the organization? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The exploration of organizational culture and its impact on employee dynamics is a profound
and intricate subject. For this reflection, I have chosen an organization that exemplifies the
quintessence of a strong organizational culture, marked by high employee engagement, a
deep sense of ownership, and unwavering commitment to organizational goals. This
particular organization, well-known for its innovative approach and globally recognized
brand, offers a compelling case study. The core question here is whether these positive traits
are a byproduct of how property rights are structured within the organization, thereby
reinforcing its culture. This discussion delves into the nuances of how property rights, often
overlooked, can play a pivotal role in shaping the ethos and effectiveness of an organization’s
culture. By examining this interplay, we can uncover valuable insights into the mechanisms
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2. Investigate how organizational ethics and the culture of an organisation interact with
and influence each other. Could the integration of ethical principles and values within
the organizational culture serve as catalysts to instil a sense of integrity, trust, and
responsibility among employees? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Organizational culture and ethics are two interwoven aspects of any business environment,
each exerting a profound influence on the other. At the heart of this relationship lies the
understanding that the ethical principles upheld by an organization shape its culture, while the
prevailing culture in turn reinforces these ethical standards. This dynamic interaction forms
the basis for establishing an environment that promotes integrity, trust, and responsibility
among employees. The integration of ethical principles into the organizational culture not
only guides employee behavior but also sets a standard for decision-making and interactions
3. Zion Inc. is a successful technology company known for its innovative products and
services. However, the organization has recently encountered challenges with declining
employee performance and low workplace engagement (bottom quartile engagement
score in the sector benchmarking exercise) . The leadership team recognizes the urgency
to address these issues and takes the initiative to focus on reshaping the organizational
culture and leadership practices.
The current culture at Zion Inc. revolves around a number driven sales pitch, highpressure
work
environment
that
places
significant
emphasis
on
individual
achievements

rather

than teamwork. This approach has led to a lack of collaboration and effective
communication among different teams, resulting in inefficiencies and a sense of
disconnection among employees.
To initiate the journey of cultural transformation, the leadership team introduces a
series of strategic interventions. Primarily, they emphasize the significance of
collaboration among employees. They form cross-functional teams that promote
knowledge-sharing, problem- solving, and collective decision-making, with the aim of
breaking down existing silos and fostering a culture of unity. Recognizing the
importance of shared values, Zion Inc. reevaluates and refines its core principles.
The leadership ensures that these values resonate with the employees and serve as
guiding principles for decision-making and behaviour, fostering a keen sense of
purpose and direction for the entire organization.
Furthermore, to enhance leadership effectiveness in driving cultural change, the
leadership team undergoes training in transformational leadership. This training equips
them with the necessary skills to inspire and empower employees, foster open
communication, and create a positive and motivating work environment. To gather
valuable insights from employees, Zion Inc. establishes various feedback mechanisms,
including surveys, suggestion boxes, and open-door policies. These mechanisms
encourage employees to share their ideas, concerns, and suggestions for improvement,
empowering them to actively participate in shaping the organizational culture.
In addition, the company introduces a recognition and rewards program to celebrate
employee achievements and contributions. This initiative is designed to boost employee
morale, motivation, and overall job satisfaction, reinforcing a positive work culture. As
a significant step towards enhancing the workplace environment, Zion Inc. embarks on
a “Great Place to Work” certification journey. The company aims to attain this
prestigious certification by implementing practices and policies that enhance workplace
culture, employee satisfaction, and well-being. Through anonymous employee surveys
and feedback, Zion Inc. assesses its strengths and areas for improvement, further
contributing to the cultural transformation.
a. Zion Inc. aims to measure the effectiveness of its cultural interventions and the
“Great Place to Work” certification on employee engagement and business
performance. As the People & Culture Business Partner, suggest key performance
indicators (KPIs) for leadership to assess the impact of these interventions in driving
positive organizational outcomes.
(5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Zion Inc.’s commitment to reshaping its organizational culture and leadership practices marks
a pivotal step in addressing the challenges of declining employee performance and
engagement. As the People & Culture Business Partner, the task of developing key
performance indicators (KPIs) is crucial to measure the effectiveness of these strategic
interventions. These KPIs should provide a comprehensive view of how the changes impact
b. Discuss the role of leadership in driving the cultural transformation at Zion Inc. How
can effective leadership align the culture with the company’s values and inspire
employees to embrace the new cultural norms, particularly in the context of the
certification journey? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The leadership at Zion Inc. plays a pivotal role in the cultural transformation process,
particularly in aligning the company’s culture with its redefined values and guiding
employees through the journey toward the “Great Place to Work” certification. Effective
leadership is not just about initiating change; it’s about inspiring and maintaining momentum
for this change. Leaders must embody the new cultural norms and values, acting as role
Performance Management System
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Radhika Enterprises is in the online textiles company in India. The company has
been formed 3 years ago. The online sales have been good though the company is yet to
make profits and is incurring losses since the last 3 years. The company now plans to
invest a greater amount in building the brand “Radhika” both through social media and
TV advertising. The company is also thinking of starting one retail store in Delhi in
Year-1 and based on the response will open another store in Mumbai in Year-2. There
are 100 employees working in this company and the company does design, production
and distribution of textiles, cloth and clothing though local manufacturers in rural
India.
Prepare the Balanced Score Card with 1 goal each for the 4 quadrants of the Balanced
Scorecard, i.e., Financial, Customer, Business Process and Learning & Growth
quadrant. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The Balanced Scorecard, conceptualized by Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton, stands as
a strategic planning and management system extensively utilized in business and industry,
government, and nonprofit organizations worldwide. Its primary function is to align business
activities to the vision and strategy of the organization, improve internal and external
communications, and monitor organizational performance against strategic goals. For
Radhika Enterprises, an emerging online textile company in India, the implementation of the
Balanced Scorecard is pivotal. Despite the initial success in online sales, the company’s
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Q2. Netra Ltd is a startup company that focuses on social media content for
different Corporates. You are to design a ‘Graphic Rating Scale Appraisal form’ for
junior management employees in the company. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic world of social media, startups like Netra Ltd play a pivotal role in shaping
corporate narratives through innovative content. As a startup focusing on social media
content for corporates, assessing and managing the performance of its junior management
employees is crucial. This is where a Graphic Rating Scale Appraisal form becomes relevant.
A Performance Management System (PMS) utilizing such a tool provides a structured and
b) Administration Manager at Zing Ltd (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction:
The role of the Administration Manager at Zing Ltd is pivotal in maintaining operational
efficiency and ensuring a smooth workflow within the company. To optimize performance,
we will employ the SMART principles – Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and
Time-bound – to outline two goals for the Administration Manager.
Procurement Management
April 2024 Examination
Q.1 ProcureLink Enterprises is a medium-sized procurement and supply
chain management company that operates in various industries. The company
recognizes the potential benefits of adopting e-procurement strategies to enhance
efficiency, reduce costs, and streamline procurement processes. However, it is facing
challenges in understanding the evolution of e-procurement, establishing effective
pricing and business strategies, implementing online catalogues, and leveraging online
auctions. Describe the evolution of e-procurement, including its various stages and
technological advancements and explain how understanding this evolution can guide
ProcureLink Enterprises in developing a robust e-procurement strategy. Also,
recommend pricing models and business strategies that ProcureLink Enterprises can
adopt to ensure competitiveness and profitability in the e- procurement marketplace.
(10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The advent of e-procurement has revolutionized the way companies like ProcureLink
Enterprises approach procurement and supply chain management. This digital transformation
has enabled organizations to enhance efficiency, reduce operational costs, and streamline
procurement processes. E-procurement, or electronic procurement, refers to the integration of
digital tools and processes to facilitate the buying and selling of supplies and services via the
internet. This evolution has been marked by significant stages, including the transition from
traditional manual processes to automated online systems, the adoption of cloud-based
solutions, and the integration of advanced technologies like AI and blockchain.
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Q.2 MetroBuild Infrastructures is a construction company specializing in large-scale
infrastructure projects. The company often engages in contracts with government
agencies to build roads, bridges, and public facilities. MetroBuild is challenged with
determining appropriate pricing strategies, managing government influences on pricing,
and addressing the complexities of contract cancellations due to unforeseen
circumstances. Evaluate the factors that MetroBuild should consider when determining
pricing for its infrastructure contracts and propose strategies for MetroBuild to
manage and negotiate government influences on pricing while maintaining a fair and
mutually beneficial partnership. Also, suggest a contingency plan and contractual
clauses that MetroBuild should include to mitigate risks associated with contract
cancellations and unexpected project disruptions. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
MetroBuild Infrastructures, a key player in large-scale infrastructure projects, stands at the
crossroads of opportunity and challenge as it navigates the intricate landscape of contracting
with government agencies. Specializing in constructing roads, bridges, and public facilities,
the company’s pricing strategies are not just about numbers, but a complex matrix of factors.
These include aligning with government pricing influences, ensuring competitive yet
sustainable rates, and preparing for the unpredictability inherent in such grand ventures. This
analysis aims to dissect these multifaceted considerations, laying a roadmap for MetroBuild
Q.3 GlobalTronics Ltd. is a multinational electronics company that sources components
and materials from various countries for its manufacturing operations. The company is
committed to upholding ethical standards and complying with relevant laws in its
procurement practices. However, the purchasing team is faced with complex decisions
related to international buying ethics, the legal authority of purchasing managers, and
contract law.
a) Explain the legal authority and responsibilities of a purchasing manager and discuss
the importance of ethical considerations in global sourcing decisions for GlobalTronics.
(5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of international procurement, GlobalTronics Ltd., a multinational
electronics firm, faces the intricate task of navigating ethical and legal intricacies in its
sourcing strategies. The role of a purchasing manager in such a context is not just
transactional but also deeply intertwined with legal authority and ethical responsibilities. This
analysis delves into the legal authority vested in purchasing managers, their critical
Now suppose GlobalTronics wants to source a wide range of products from suppliers
around the world and distribute them to various markets. The company is looking to
enhance its global sourcing strategies by improving supplier evaluation methods.
b) Describe different methods of global sourcing that Globaltronics can adopt to
procure products from international suppliers and outline the factors that they should
consider when evaluating potential global suppliers. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
GlobalTronics Ltd. aims to bolster its global sourcing strategies to efficiently procure
products from international suppliers and distribute them across diverse markets. In this
context, it’s imperative to explore various methods of global sourcing and the critical factors
that should guide the evaluation of potential global suppliers. By adopting effective sourcing
Project Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Using a suitable example discuss the difference between Technical analysis
and Financial analysis of a project. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Project management is a multifaceted discipline that entails the meticulous planning,
execution, monitoring, and completion of projects. A critical aspect of this process is the
analysis phase, which can be broadly categorized into two distinct types: Technical Analysis
and Financial Analysis. While they may seem similar at first glance, these two forms of
analysis serve different purposes and employ diverse methodologies to evaluate the viability
and potential success of a project. Technical analysis focuses on the operational aspects,
including the feasibility, design, and technical requirements of the project. On the other hand,
financial analysis delves into the economic viability, cost considerations, and financial
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Q2. The “billing department” of a chain of department stores prepares the monthly
inventory report for use by the stores’ purchasing agents. Given the following
information, use the “critical path method” to determine: (10 Marks)
a. How long the process will take.
b. Which jobs can be delayed without delaying the early start of any subsequent
activity?
c. Explain how the project can be fast tracked.
Job Job Description
Time
Precedence
(Hours)
A
Start
requirements
0
–
B Get computer printouts of customer purchases 10
A
C
Get stock records for the month
20
A
D Reconcile purchase printouts and stock records 30
B,C
E
Total stock record by the department
20
B,C
F Determine reorder quantity for the coming
period
40
E
G Prepare stock report for purchasing agents
20
D,F
H Finish
0
G
Ans 2.
Introduction
Project management is an essential discipline for ensuring the successful completion of
projects within a designated timeframe and budget. One critical technique in this field is the
Critical Path Method (CPM), a step-by-step project management approach to schedule a set
of project activities. It is widely used for complex, but routine, operational or production
projects like the one described for a billing department of a chain of department stores. The
objective of this analysis is to apply CPM to the given task of preparing a monthly inventory
report. By examining the sequence of jobs, their duration, and dependencies, we aim to
identify the project’s longest stretch of dependent activities (the critical path), calculate the
Q3. Rail Vikas Nigam (RVNL) has given Larsen and Toubro Construction (L&T) an
Rs 2,447 crore contract to design and construct the Kolkata underground metro project
in the city’s Joka-Esplanade Metro Corridor.
According to an L&T press statement, the major works for the project include the
design and construction of the Ramp and Underground Metro railway works from
Mominpur to Esplanade, covering a distance of 5.05 km. The works comprise
constructing four underground stations, namely Khidderpore, Victoria, Park Street,
and Esplanade, along with tunnels created using Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) and
Cut & Cover methods.
The scope of the contract also includes architectural finishing works, track works, and
other related activities.
(Source: https://www.indianarrative.com/economy-news/rs-2447-crore-project-tobuild-
kolkata-metros-4-underground-stations-goes-to-lt-149218.html)
a. Explain the various characteristics of Kolkata underground metro project. (5
Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The Kolkata underground metro project, awarded to Larsen and Toubro Construction by Rail
Vikas Nigam Limited (RVNL), represents a significant advancement in urban infrastructure
development in India. With an allocated budget of Rs 2,447 crore, this project is not just a
testament to the growing emphasis on enhancing public transportation systems but also a
benchmark in complex engineering and construction. The project encompasses the design and
infrastructure projects in India and beyond.
b. Discuss in brief the different activities executed during the project life cycle of the
Kolkata underground metro project. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The Kolkata underground metro project, a monumental infrastructure undertaking, undergoes
a series of meticulously planned activities throughout its project life cycle. From inception to
completion, this project, like any major construction endeavor, follows a structured project
life cycle comprising various phases. Each phase involves specific activities tailored to meet
the project’s unique requirements and objectives. These activities encompass a broad
spectrum, ranging from initial planning and design to construction and eventual operation.
Understanding these activities is essential to appreciate the complexity and coordination
Research Methodology
April 2024 Examination
1. Shoppers stop is conducting an observational research study to analyze the behavior
of shoppers in a retail store. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of using a
concealed versus unconcealed observation technique. Which technique should be used
by Shoppers stop with relevant justification? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Observational research, a fundamental method within the realm of qualitative research, plays
a crucial role in understanding consumer behavior in real-time settings. Shoppers Stop, a
prominent retail entity, aims to utilize this approach to delve into the intricate patterns and
behaviors of shoppers within their store environment. The decision to employ either
concealed or unconcealed observation techniques pivots on various strategic considerations.
Concealed observation, where the observer remains hidden from the subjects, offers the
advantage of unfiltered, authentic behavior, as shoppers are unaware of being watched.
Conversely, unconcealed observation, where participants are aware of the observer’s
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2. What is a mediating variable? How a mediating variable is different from moderating
variable? Develop a conceptual model by analyzing literature to show the relationship of
mediating and moderating variable. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Research methodology is a crucial aspect of academic and scientific studies, as it outlines the
systematic, theoretical analysis of the methods applied to a field of study. It comprises the
theoretical analysis of the body of methods and principles associated with a branch of
knowledge. Within this framework, understanding the roles of mediating and moderating
variables is essential for comprehensive research design and analysis. Mediating variables
serve as intermediaries in the cause-and-effect relationship between independent and
dependent variables, essentially explaining the process or mechanism through which the
independent variable influences the dependent variable. On the other hand, moderating
variables alter the strength or direction of the relationship between the independent and
3. Sebamed, a German-based specialist skincare company, has emerged as a formidable
disruptor in the highly competitive skincare industry, significantly impacting Unilever’s
longstanding dominance. Sebamed’s unwavering dedication to catering specifically to
sensitive skin needs has resonated with a growing segment of health- conscious
consumers seeking more gentle and hypoallergenic skincare solutions. By focusing on
skin-friendly pH levels and leveraging dermatological research, Sebamed has
established itself as a trusted brand among those seeking targeted skincare solutions.
Their fierce advertising caused a lot of damage to Unilever. Sebamed’s success has
posed a direct threat to Unilever’s skincare business, especially in markets where
consumers increasingly prioritize natural and skin-friendly products. Acknowledging
the disruption caused by Sebamed, Unilever recognized the importance of addressing
consumer demand for more natural and sensitive skincare products.
a. Develop a questionnaire to survey the consumer’s preferences and expectations from
skin care product. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the evolving landscape of the skincare industry, understanding consumer preferences and
expectations is crucial for companies to stay competitive and relevant. The rise of Sebamed
as a disruptor, challenging Unilever’s dominance, underscores this need. Consumers are
increasingly drawn to products that cater to sensitive skin and prioritize natural ingredients.
To gain insights into these shifting preferences, a well-structured questionnaire is essential.
b. Conduct a primary data collection from 10-15 respondents and present the findings.
(5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Conducting primary data collection is a crucial step in understanding consumer behavior and
preferences, especially in dynamic markets like skincare. For this study, a survey based on
the previously developed questionnaire was distributed to a small sample of 10-15
respondents. This process aimed to gather firsthand information about consumer preferences,
Retail Banking
April 2024 Examination
1. Retail banking is an important arm of growth and development in the economy.
Explain three each asset and liability product of Retail Banking. NRI banking is
another extended arm of retail banking. Explain its contribution in the economy from
the perspective of foreign currency. (10 marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Retail banking, a fundamental sector within the financial services industry, plays a pivotal
role in the economic growth and development of a nation. Serving as the primary interface
between the banking system and individual customers, retail banking offers a wide array of
financial products and services directly to consumers. These offerings, which include various
asset and liability products, not only cater to the everyday financial needs of individuals but
also contribute significantly to the mobilization of savings and the efficient allocation of
capital across the economy. Furthermore, the inclusion of Non-Resident Indian (NRI)
banking as an extended arm of retail banking enhances this sector’s scope by facilitating the
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2. Monetary policy is one of the important tool available with RBI to check inflation in
the economy. Discuss five monetary tools frequently used to bring stability and price
decrease in the economy. (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Monetary policy stands as a critical instrument wielded by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
to maintain economic equilibrium and control inflation, a persistent challenge that affects the
purchasing power of the citizenry and can destabilize the overall economic environment. By
adjusting the supply of money and influencing interest rates, the RBI endeavors to achieve a
balanced economic growth trajectory, ensuring stability and fostering a conducive
environment for investment and consumption. The significance of monetary policy in
mitigating inflation cannot be overstated, as it directly impacts the cost of borrowing,
consumer spending, and investment decisions across the economy. This policy mechanism
utilizes a set of tools designed to regulate the amount of money circulating in the economy,
3. For an asset to be classified as NPA, it has to undergo different stages of
classification till it is finally classified as loss asset.
a. Highlight different stages of NPA. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
The classification of Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) is a critical process in the banking and
financial sector, serving as a barometer for assessing the financial health of lending
institutions. NPAs signify loans or advances that have ceased to generate income for the
bank, either due to default in repayment or interest payments. The Reserve Bank of India
(RBI) has laid down specific guidelines for the classification of NPAs to ensure transparency
b. Banks also makes provisions for NPAs. Explain different provisions made by the
bank. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Banks are required to make provisions for Non-Performing Assets (NPAs) to cover potential
losses that may arise from the inability of borrowers to repay their loans. This provisioning is
a prudential measure that ensures banks maintain a healthy balance sheet and are prepared for
any financial setbacks. It acts as a buffer to absorb losses, thereby protecting the bank’s
capital. The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) mandates specific provisioning norms, which vary
Sales Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. If you are appointed as a sales trainer for a consumer products strategic business
unit of a large multinational company with 100 salespeople, how would you decide their
specific training needs? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
When appointed as a sales trainer for the consumer products strategic business unit of a large
multinational company, the primary objective is to ensure that the sales team of 100
individuals is proficient, efficient, and effective in their roles. Identifying their specific
training needs is a complex task that requires a multi-faceted approach. This process involves
understanding the unique dynamics of the company, the diverse skill sets of the salespeople,
and the evolving trends in consumer behavior and market demands. The sales team, being the
driving force behind revenue generation and customer relations, must be equipped with not
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Q2. Prepare a Sales Plan for a brand of soap brand focusing in rural market. (10
Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
A sales plan is a strategic roadmap designed to establish and achieve specific sales goals over
a certain period. When focusing on a rural market, particularly for a soap brand, the sales plan
must be tailored to address unique challenges and leverage opportunities inherent in these
areas. Rural markets often exhibit different consumer behaviors, purchasing power,
distribution channels, and marketing dynamics compared to urban settings. Therefore, a
comprehensive plan for a soap brand targeting rural customers must consider these nuances.
This plan will outline strategies to increase brand awareness, adapt to local preferences,
Q3. Read the case & answer the questions based on the case:
Anil has been working as a salesman with Sony Electronics for two years. The sales
manager is impressed with his excellent performance in both the years. To motivate
Anil, the sales manager has to choose from one of the following three options:
(a) Give an ‘all expenses paid’ international holiday package for Anil and his family,
(b) Include Anil in a special task force for new strategic initiatives,
(c) Present him the “Star Performer of the Year” award in the annual sales conference.
Questions:
Q3a. Suggest how Anil’s sales manager should take a decision. Justify (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
When deciding on the best form of recognition for Anil, a high-performing salesman at Sony
Electronics, the sales manager faces a choice between three distinct options. Each option
offers unique benefits and impacts Anil’s motivation and career trajectory differently. The
decision should align with Anil’s personal and professional aspirations, the company’s
culture, and the objectives of the sales team. This scenario underscores the complexity of
Q3b. What motivation techniques should be followed by Sony Electronics? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the fast-paced and competitive landscape of the electronics industry, effective motivation
techniques are crucial for maintaining a highly productive and committed workforce. Sony
Electronics, like any forward-thinking organization, should employ a range of motivational
strategies that cater to the diverse needs and aspirations of its employees. These techniques
Service Operations Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. Service ‘Engineers’ play in a vital role in designing ‘processes’ in Service
Operations. Explain the three main techniques used to design and evaluate service
operations with reference to a healthcare setup like a hospital/ polyclinic of your choice.
(10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The realm of Service Operations Management is pivotal in shaping the efficiency and
effectiveness of service delivery, particularly in the healthcare sector. Service engineers, with
their specialized expertise, play a crucial role in designing and optimizing processes within
hospitals and polyclinics. Their contribution is especially vital in ensuring that these
healthcare facilities operate at peak efficiency while maintaining the highest standards of
patient care. In this context, three main techniques stand out for designing and evaluating
service operations: Lean Management, Six Sigma, and Queue Theory. Each of these
methodologies offers unique insights and tools for process improvement, tailored to meet the
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Q2. Quality in Service Operations/setup is evaluated on the basis of several factors.
Discuss the various applicable parameters? Elaborate your answer with an example of
Fine dine/ multicuisine restaurant of your choice. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Quality in service operations, especially in the context of a fine dine or multicuisine
restaurant, is a multifaceted concept that plays a crucial role in determining the success and
reputation of the establishment. It encompasses various parameters that collectively
contribute to the overall customer experience. These parameters often extend beyond the
tangible aspects of the food served, delving into intangibles such as ambiance, customer
service, and overall dining experience. In today’s highly competitive and customer-oriented
market, understanding and implementing these quality parameters is essential for any fine
Q3. Discuss the following aspects of service operations in context of any popular/major
Ecommerce delivery provider of your choice.
a.)Explain the concept of Service Design (Blueprinting) during the planning phase
of service operations that ensure that all processes are identified and function
efficiently. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Service design, particularly in the context of e-commerce delivery providers, is a critical
aspect of planning and executing efficient service operations. This process involves
meticulously crafting the service experience from the customer’s perspective, ensuring every
interaction and touchpoint is thoughtfully planned and seamlessly integrated. The concept of
service blueprinting emerges as a vital tool in this phase, offering a detailed visual
b.) What are the challenges faced by the Service Managers who manage these service
operations? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Service managers in the realm of e-commerce delivery face a unique set of challenges,
reflective of the dynamic and rapidly evolving nature of this sector. As they navigate through
the complexities of managing service operations, they encounter hurdles that range from
technological advancements to customer expectations and logistical intricacies. These
Services Marketing
April 2024 Examination
Q1. A lot of healthcare services are today available online. For example, you can consult
a doctor online without having to visit him. What do you think would be the factors and
the features of the mobile app/online facility that would attract your customers to this
online service? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the evolving landscape of healthcare, the advent of online services has revolutionized how
medical assistance is delivered and received. The convenience and accessibility of consulting
a doctor online, without the need for a physical visit, signify a significant shift in patientprovider

dynamics. This digital transformation is driven by several factors that appeal to
modern healthcare consumers. These factors encompass a range of user-centric features and
operational efficiencies that an online platform or mobile app must integrate to be successful.
The importance of such services is amplified in a world where time is a premium and
healthcare accessibility can be challenging. This paper aims to explore the key factors and
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Q2. “All franchising businesses are not successful.” Dunkin Donuts in India for example
is not doing well, however Baskin and Robbins using a franchise mode of operations has
been very successful. You want to become an entrepreneur running your own franchise.
What would be the challenges and advantages of using the franchise mode? (10
Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Franchising, as a business model, offers a unique blend of opportunities and challenges for
entrepreneurs. This model, leveraging established brand recognition and operational
frameworks, provides a strategic pathway for business expansion and market penetration.
However, not all franchises attain success, as evidenced by the contrasting fortunes of Dunkin
Donuts and Baskin Robbins in India. The critical divergences in their performance underline
the complexities inherent in franchising. This discussion aims to unravel the intricacies of
franchising as a mode of operation for aspiring entrepreneurs. By examining the underlying
Q3. Ram is opening a sports bar. The problem with bars is that it is highly regulated,
though profit margins are high and there is very little to differentiate in the offering. He
believes that Serviscape plays a critical role in the overall service experience and could
act as a differentiator. He has asked you for your advice.
a) Can the serviscape be a differentiator to the brand, integrated with the
service offering? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the highly competitive and regulated landscape of the bar industry, where differentiation is
often minimal, the concept of ‘serviscape’ emerges as a potential game-changer. Serviscape
refers to the physical environment in which a service process takes place and encompasses
elements like design, ambience, and overall atmosphere. For Ram’s sports bar, leveraging
serviscape could be a strategic move to create a unique identity and enhance customer
b) How will you communicate your target audience about your Serviscape? (5
Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Communicating the unique serviscape of a sports bar to the target audience is crucial in
establishing its market position and attracting patrons. This communication strategy should
not only inform potential customers about the physical attributes of the bar but also convey
the distinctive atmosphere and experience it offers. In today’s digital and highly visual world,
effective communication methods must be utilized to capture the essence of the sports bar’s
Strategic Cost Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. You stay in a semi-urban set up and near your house, medicine delivery is extremely
unreliable. The medicine shops close around 9 PM and medicine availability becomes a
challenge. You come up with a business plan to deliver medicines to all houses, (in the area)
at no extra cost, 24X7. The challenge however is that companies like 1mg, Net meds are
already offering their services in the area. The advantage for you is the popularity of
ordering medicine online is still not prevalent by the people in your area. You intend to buy
the products from the nearest retail point and delivery to the customer with the help of, few
delivery personnel that you will maintain. What are the challenges that you will face while
setting this up, from a services perspective? How will you differentiate yourself from the
competing firms? (10 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
In a semi-urban setting where medicine delivery is unstable, and the schedule of drug stores
reduces after a specific hour, introducing a 24×7 medicine delivery service provides a chance to
cater to the community’s unmet needs. Despite developed online drug store solutions like 1mg
and Net meds, the need for widespread adoption of online ordering in the area supplies a
prospective market for a localized, prompt, and dependable service. This business proposal
describes the challenges and approaches in establishing and setting apart a 24×7 medicine
delivery solution in such a circumstance.
While the realm of online pharmaceutical services, pioneered by industry giants like 1mg and
Net meds, has made strides elsewhere, its prevalent fostering within this specific locale continues
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2. Salman goes to ‘Javed Habibs salon’ and Amir goes to ‘Lakme salon’. If you are an
entrepreneur who wishes to open a salon, how will you differentiate your offerings vis a vis
your competitors. You are also clear that you want to offer your services at a higher price
point, where you intend to service fewer client base. You understand that your client’s time
(for your business idea) will be a very critical component for providing a great service.
How do you intend to manage the demand vis a vis the capacity? (10 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
In today’s affordable beauty and grooming industry, establishing a salon food catering to a niche
clientele at a premium rate point calls for a calculated method past mere solution provision. The
success of any salon heavily depends on its ability to distinguish itself from competitors like
‘Javed Habibs Salon’ and ‘Lakme Salon’ and offer unique value suggestions that resonate with a
discerning clientele.
The core purpose of this venture would be to produce a luxurious and unique salon experience,
concentrating not only on the quality of services used but also on the client’s time as a priceless
3. Sundar wants to start a ‘C2C’ (customer to customer) model of food service. He has just
passed out of his B School and the canteen food in his college was pathetic. Most of the
days, he relied on Swiggy and Zomato for his meals. He realized that probably there is a
need to have an option for customers to order it from home makers or families who would
be interested in selling their cooked food to others. Sundar started off with his basic
research and spoke to a couple of housewives who were willing. He got his B School
classmate on board to design an app that would help customers order. While both started
their work, he realized that there are two major problems in this service situation. The first
problem off course is bringing awareness for the services and popularizing it among the
people of his city. Another challenge would be to encourage home maker to enrol and
encourage them to sell. This would be a major bottleneck as most of the deliveries would be
following a specific timeline and unavailability of a home maker would cost the delivery
and customer. The second problem was the area of operations. The city in which he plans
to operate is big, with lots of offices and student population. He chose on the student’s
category primarily as his primary targeted audience. However, Sundar did not have any
hard data to support his stand. Sundar therefore came up with three value propositions for
his business.
Good quality food for students at a reasonable price.
Good discounts for students who are adopting a long-term association with his food service
company.
 Encourage home makers by providing them with the flexibility of number of days they
would want to work, a wonderful incentive plan, pick up from their home, faster settlement
of their accounts and training to pack and promote their food. Sundar is now charged up to
get things in place and start off the venture as early as possible. He now needs to start
working on the logistics, operations, service quality etc.
a.) Does Sundar have all the information needed to choose students as the segment? Is he
right with his decision? If you are his friend, what segments would you suggest and why?
(5 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
Introduce Sundar and his motivation to start a C2C food solution model.
Highlight the issues he identified with the existing food options in his university and the market
gap he intends to fill up.
Explain his initial steps: investigating, consulting with potential homemakers, and involving a
b.) Is Sundar, approaching the issue of service offering, too quickly? Do you feel he needs
to invest some more time designing the offering, as it could be more complex and deeper
than what it apparently looks like? (5 Marks)
Ans:
Introduction
Sundar, a recent grad from a business school, acknowledged a space in the food solution sector,
especially for students who often count on exterior food delivery systems due to disappointing
canteen options. He imagined a C2C model linking home cooks with customers via an app-based
service. Sundar intends to solve the issue of poor-quality canteen food by supplying homemade
Strategic Financial Management
Question 1
Alpha Ltd is contemplating an investment in a new piece of machinery. Based on the
details given below calculate the cash flows and perform the capital budgeting analysis.
Would you go ahead with the investment?
Initial Investment Cost: Rs.100, 000
Useful Life of Machinery: 5 years
Annual Revenue: Rs. 40,000
Annual Operating Costs: Rs. 10,000
Annual Depreciation (Straight-line method): Rs. 20,000
Tax Rate: 30%
Discount Rate: 10% (10 marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
Capital budgeting is a critical business process involving evaluating and selecting long-term
investment projects. It plays a pivotal role in determining the allowance of financial resources,
guaranteeing that investments are rewarding and align with the company’s strategic goals. This
analysis will delve into the capital budgeting decision-making process by considering a
hypothetical circumstance involving Alpha Ltd and its prospective investment in a new piece of
machinery.
The decision to invest in a new piece of machinery is filled with complexities and
unpredictabilities. Alpha Ltd must thoroughly analyze the financial viability of this investment,
considering factors such as initial costs, revenue generation, general expenses, tax implications,
and the time value of money. Through a detailed capital budgeting analysis, we will understand
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Question 2
The current stock price of XYZ Inc is Rs. 100 per share. Based on the information given
below calculate the total profit or loss for an investor who buys one call option contract
(representing 100 shares) and exercises it at expiration, depending on different scenarios of
the stock price at expiration.
Option Type: Call Option
Strike Price: Rs.105 per share
Premium (Cost of the Option): Rs.5 per share
Expiration Date: 30 days from now (10 marks)
Ans:
Introduction:
In the dynamic world of financial markets, investors often discover numerous methods to take
advantage of price motions and manage risk. Options trading is one such opportunity that uses
versatility and critical chances. In this context, let us delve into the scenario of an investor
participating in a call option contract, using XYZ Inc. as the underlying stock.
Scenario Overview:
Underlying Stock: XYZ Inc
Current Stock Price: Rs. 100 per share
Option Type: Call Option
Strike Price: Rs. 105 per share
Premium (Cost of the Option): Rs. 5 per share
Expiration Date: 30 days from now
We aim to compute the total profit or loss for the investor who buys one call option contract
(standing for 100 shares) and exercises it at expiration. The evaluation will consider different
Question 3a
Maurya Ltd issues bonds with a face value of INR 1000, coupon rate 6% (annual coupon
payment) with time to maturity as 5 years. Compute the Yield to Maturity (YTM)
assuming the current market price of the bond is INR 950. (5 Marks)
Ans:
The Yield to Maturity (YTM) is a bond’s internal rate of return (IRR), representing the complete
return a financier can anticipate if the bond is held until maturity. It considers the bond’s current
market price, face value, coupon rate of interest, and the moment to maturity. The formula for
YTM is intricate and typically requires financial calculators or spreadsheet functions, but I can
Question 3b
Micro Ltd considering its dividend policy. The current earnings per share (EPS) are Rs. 5.
The shared holders of Micro Ltd expect a return (ke) of 10%. Assuming the retention ratio
(b) is 60%, what would be the optimal dividend payout ratio as per Walter’s Model? (5
Marks)
Ans:
The optimal dividend payout ratio, according to Walter’s Design, can be calculated using the
following formula:
Dividend payout ratio = Growth rate / Required rate of return
In this case, the growth rate can be calculated using the following formula:
Growth rate = EPS * (1 – Retention ratio)
STRATEGIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
April 2024 Examination
Table of Contents
QUESTION 1 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….3
QUESTION 2 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….4
QUESTION 3(A)……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..6
QUESTION 3(B) ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..8
Reference List………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..10
2
Question 1
Alpha Ltd is contemplating an investment in a new piece of machinery. Based on the
details given below calculate the cash flows and perform the capital budgeting analysis.
Would you go ahead with the investment?
Initial Investment Cost: Rs.100,000
Useful Life of Machinery: 5 years
Annual Revenue: Rs. 40,000
Annual Operating Costs: Rs. 10,000
Annual Depreciation (Straight-line method): Rs. 20,000
Tax Rate: 30%
Discount Rate: 10% (10 marks)
QUESTION 1
ALPHA LTD:

CALCULATIONS:

Initial Investment Cost
100,000
Useful Life of Machinery
5
Annual Revenue
40,000
Annual Operating Costs
10,000
Annual Depreciation (Straight-line method)
20,000
Tax Rate
30%
Discount Rate
10%
3
Annual Cash Flows
10,000
Depreciation Expense
20000
Taxable Income
10,000
Taxes Paid
3000
Net Cash Flows
7,000
(Source: Refer to Excel)
Alpha Ltd is considering purchasing new equipment. A full capital budgeting study is being done
to see whether the plan is realistic. The investment costs Rs. 100,000, and the equipment should
last 5 years. The financial predictions show that the equipment earns Rs. 40,000 but costs Rs.
10,000 to operate. Finally, the straight-line technique calculates depreciation, which costs Rs.
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Question 2
The current stock price of XYZ Inc is Rs. 100 per share. Based on the information given
below calculate the total profit or loss for an investor who buys one call option contract
(representing 100 shares) and exercises it at expiration, depending on different scenarios of
the stock price at expiration.
Option Type: Call Option
Strike Price: Rs.105 per share
Premium (Cost of the Option): Rs.5 per share
Expiration Date: 30 days from now (10 marks)
QUESTION 2
XYZ INC:

CALCULATIONS:

Current stock price
100
Option type
Call Option
Strike price
105
Premium (Cost of the Option)
5
Expiration date
30
5
(Source: Refer to Excel)
The stock price of XYZ Inc. is currently Rs. 100 per share, which has made investors look
closely at the possible gains or losses that come with buying a call option contract. Investors are
getting ready for different outcomes depending on the stock price at expiration 30 days from
now. The option type is called a Call Option, and the strike price is Rs. 105 per share. The
premium cost is Rs. 5 per share. If the price of the stock at expiration is the same as the strike
price, which is Rs. 105, investors will lose Rs. 500. The lost value comes from the option’s
Question 3a
Maurya Ltd issues bonds with a face value of INR 1000, coupon rate 6% (annual coupon
payment) with time to maturity as 5 years. Compute the Yield to Maturity (YTM)
assuming the current market price of the bond is INR 950. (5 Marks)
QUESTION 3(A)
MAURYA LTD:

CALCULATIONS:

Face value of the bond (FV)
1000
Coupon rate ©
6%
Time to maturity (N)
5
Current market price (PV)
950
Yield of Maturity (at the beginning of the period)
8%
Yield of Maturity (at the end of the period)
7%
(Source: Refer to Excel)
6
Maurya Ltd. issued INR 1000 notes with 6% annual interest. People who acquire these bonds
receive 5 years of guaranteed income. Yield to Maturity (YTM) is the most crucial factor in bond
investments, particularly considering the market’s current performance. Since the bond’s average
market price is INR 950, the YTM helps investors calculate their profits. Bond investors see their
annualised return in the YTM. Annual coupon payments and bond market price movements
Question 3b.
Micro Ltd considering its dividend policy. The current earnings per share (EPS) are Rs. 5.
The shared holders of Micro Ltd expect a return (ke) of 10%. Assuming the retention ratio
(b) is 60%, what would be the optimal dividend payout ratio as per Walter’s Model? (5
Marks)
QUESTION 3(B)
Mikro Ltd. has to choose how it will give out dividends. How happy shareholders are and how
much the company is worth in the long run will depend on this choice. To find the right dividend
distribution ratio, the company needs to use Walter’s Model and the preferences of its
shareholders. Its EPS is Rs. 5. People who own shares in Micro Ltd. expect a 10% return, or Ke,
33(1), pp.3-24.
Eun, C.S., Resnick, B.G. and Chuluun, T., 2021. International financial management. McGrawHill.
Kaiser, T., Lusardi, A., Menkhoff, L. and Urban, C., 2022. Financial education affects financial
knowledge and downstream behaviors. Journal of Financial Economics, 145(2), pp.255-272.
Kimmel, P.D., Weygandt, J.J. and Kieso, D.E., 2020. Financial accounting: tools for business
decision-making. John Wiley & Sons.
Lusardi, A., 2019. Financial literacy and the need for financial education: evidence and
implications. Swiss Journal of Economics and Statistics, 155(1), pp.1-8.
Shapiro, A.C. and Hanouna, P., 2019. Multinational financial management. John Wiley & Sons.
7
8
Strategic HRM
April 2024 Examination
Q.1 UNI HR Consulting is experiencing growth and expansion in its services. As a
result, the company is seeking to identify and develop potential leaders who can
contribute to the organization’s continued success. The leadership team is concerned
about talent gaps that may emerge as current leaders approach retirement or take on
new responsibilities. How can structured career pathing program in the context of
strategic career management benefits both employees and the organization? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
In the dynamic business landscape of today, organizations like UNI HR Consulting are
increasingly recognizing the importance of nurturing future leaders to sustain growth and
success. As the company faces the inevitable transition of its current leaders, the
implementation of a structured career pathing program becomes not just a strategic choice but
a necessity. Career pathing, as a core component of strategic career management, offers a
systematic approach to developing a robust leadership pipeline. This approach aligns the
growth aspirations of individual employees with the strategic goals of the organization,
ensuring a harmonious progression towards mutual success. The incorporation of such a
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Q.2 GlobalTech Solutions is a multinational technology company that specializes in
providing IT solutions to various industries. The company has a diverse workforce
spread across different regions. As GlobalTech Solutions continues to expand its
operations, the HR department plays a crucial role in aligning HR practices with the
company’s strategic goals. What criteria should GlobalTech Solutions consider when
evaluating potential outsourcing? (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
In the dynamic landscape of multinational technology companies, GlobalTech Solutions
stands as a prominent player, navigating the complexities of serving varied industries with a
diverse workforce. The strategic role of the Human Resources (HR) department is pivotal,
especially as the company seeks to expand its global footprint. Outsourcing, a critical aspect
of modern business strategy, offers numerous benefits such as cost reduction, efficiency
improvement, and access to specialized skills. However, it also presents challenges like
quality control and cultural mismatches. For GlobalTech Solutions, evaluating potential
outsourcing opportunities requires a multi-faceted approach. This evaluation is not just about
Q.3 Neuro is a medium-sized technology firm operating in the software development
industry. The company had been experiencing challenges in attracting and retaining
top- tier talent due to increased competition and rapidly evolving technological
challenges. The leadership recognized the need for recruitment and selection processes
to better align with their strategic goals and compete effectively in the market.
Questions
a. Explain the process of recruitment to be adopted by Neuro to better align with their
strategic goals and compete effectively in the market. (5 marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Neuro, a medium-sized technology firm, finds itself in the highly competitive landscape of
software development, where attracting and retaining top-tier talent is crucial for success. The
ever-evolving technological challenges and intense market competition necessitate a strategic
approach to recruitment. For Neuro to align its recruitment processes with its strategic goals
and effectively compete in the market, it needs to adopt innovative, targeted, and efficient
b. Discuss the strategic issues that occur in the recruitment process, which Neuro needs
to be aware of. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The recruitment process is a critical element in the strategic framework of any organization,
particularly for a technology firm like Neuro, operating in a highly dynamic and competitive
industry. While recruitment presents opportunities for growth and innovation, it also poses
several strategic issues that can significantly impact the company’s objectives and market
position. Neuro must be acutely aware of these challenges to navigate the complexities of
talent acquisition effectively. These strategic issues range from maintaining employer
Strategic Management
April 2024 Examination
1. You are a mobile phone manufacturer manufacturing phones for different segments
of the population. Sales for your lower segment phones is falling while sales for your
higher segment is increasing. Why do you think is this happening? What could be the
reasons? How do you deal with situation? Does this need any change of strategy? What
changes would you do in strategy? Give valid reasons, examples while answering the
questions. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Within the ever-evolving mobile phone market, trends and consumer preferences constantly
evolve. The observed shift in sales, with lower segment phones declining while higher
segment phones increased, is indicative of changing consumer demands and market
conditions, creating both opportunities and challenges for mobile phone manufacturers.
Examining what factors are driving this shift requires conducting in-depth analyses, such as
technological advances, changes in consumer purchasing power, saturation of lower segments
or rising perceived values for premium features. Understanding these factors is integral to
developing an effective strategic response, and can indicate a change in approach – perhaps
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2. India has been a laggard in the world of Sports. You have been appointed as a
consultant for strategy for building a sports ecosystem in India. Suggest a strategic road
map to make India a sporting powerhouse. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
India’s path in sports has been one of triumphant achievement and periods of
underachievement. India has historically demonstrated great potential in various sports
disciplines; however, its overall performance in international sporting competitions has been
disappointing given its size and potential. Therefore, a comprehensive plan to make India into
a sporting powerhouse is imperative. Transformation requires an integrated approach,
covering infrastructure development, talent cultivation, policy innovation and cultural
adjustment. Goal of creating an ecosystem of sports beyond cricket that embraces everything
3. You are the marketing strategy head for a major online music service. Your business
is dependent on advertising, but, despite the large number of consumers listening to
your app. Advertisers have not been enthused to advertise. (5 Marks)
a. What strategy should you adopt to get advertisers on board? Give examples to justify
your
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Within the highly competitive landscape of online music services, one of the major
challenges lies in attracting advertisers despite having a large user base. As the marketing
strategist of an online music service, your priority should be understanding and capitalizing
on its unique aspects to attract advertisers. This means demonstrating the value proposition of
the platform, demonstrating audience engagement levels, and offering innovative advertising
solutions that meet both consumer needs and advertiser expectations. Any strategy adopted
b. Create two ideas to engage with advertisers. (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Engaging with advertisers in a meaningful and effective way is crucial for an online music
service that relies heavily on advertising revenue. The challenge lies in crafting innovative
and mutually beneficial engagement strategies that resonate with the advertisers’ goals while
preserving the integrity and appeal of the platform for users. These strategies should not only
capture the attention of potential advertisers but also demonstrate the unique opportunities
Supply Chain Management
April 2024 Examination
1. “SV Foods” is a snack supply start-up, who set up business post covid. They make
varieties of sweets and snack items which are delicacies from different Indian cuisine.
Over last 2 years they have expanded operations to Mumbai, Pune, Bangalore,
Chennai, Kolkata. They have also started getting international orders from snack
dealers, event organizers etc. Locally within India, party organizers, wedding
organizers, caterers have tied up with them for bulk orders and customized orders. In
addition, they have recently started online portal for retail orders as well which is
picking volumes. Describe any 3 types of distribution network design they can look at to
cater to this their business growth. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The evolution of “SV Foods” from a post-COVID startup to a multifaceted snack supplier
highlights the dynamic nature of modern supply chain management (SCM). Specializing in
Indian cuisine delicacies, SV Foods has rapidly expanded, serving diverse markets in
Mumbai, Pune, Bangalore, Chennai, Kolkata, and now internationally. Their growth
trajectory includes bulk orders from local event organizers and caterers, alongside a
burgeoning online retail segment. This expansion necessitates a robust and flexible
distribution network to effectively manage the complexity and scale of their operations. A
well-designed distribution network is pivotal for ensuring timely delivery, maintaining
globally.
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2. “On Call” is a super market chain that operates 6 locations within the city. They do
good volume of consumer-packaged goods business especially food, beverage, toiletries
etc., Business growth has lead to issues like non-availability of items meet customer
demand. Other times, high stocks of items which are disposed due to shelf- life. Overall,
the main challenge of availability on time. Their thought is to have centralized and
safety stock and some items with comparatively high shelf-life in stock. Issue with this
approach would be seasonal and sudden demand changes. Recommend how you would
remedy this situation through safety stock maintenance (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Supply Chain Management (SCM) is pivotal in retail operations, especially for supermarket
chains like “On Call,” which grapples with the dynamic demands of consumer-packaged
goods, including food, beverage, and toiletries. The primary challenge they face is
maintaining an equilibrium between supply and demand to prevent stockouts and
overstocking, which can lead to disposal of products due to shelf-life expiration. This
challenge is further compounded by seasonal variations and sudden shifts in consumer
demand. The consideration of a centralized inventory with safety stock for items with longer
shelf-lives is a strategic move. However, it presents its own set of challenges, notably in
3.“Grow More” is a gardening items store. They have gardening pots, tools, manure,
seeds etc. They have higher sales during monsoon and some stable sales for certain
items across other seasons as well. They also have 5 people who do consultancy and
provide garden maintenance tips for customers by visiting their home garden. Being a
growing organization, they have difficulties related to database maintenance, lack of
support system and organization structure, no formal customer service measurement
and improvement which affects customer satisfaction. Some customer complaint took
very long time to resolve and it lead to bad reviews in their FB/X (Twitter) handle.
a. Apply any 3 supply chain enablers they can address to remedy this situation? (5
Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
“Grow More,” a burgeoning gardening store, finds itself at a crucial juncture where its
operational challenges are starting to impact customer satisfaction. The issues stemming from
inadequate database maintenance, lack of a structured support system, and the absence of a
formal customer service evaluation mechanism are not just internal inefficiencies but are also
tarnishing their public image. In the competitive retail sector, especially in specialized areas
like gardening, addressing these issues through effective supply chain enablers is vital.
b. Their long-term view is to operate at a Lean and Agile Value Chain, specifically apply
any 3 improvement points which will logically enable them to evolve to that level? (5
Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
“Grow More” is poised to transition towards a Lean and Agile Value Chain, a strategic move
that can significantly enhance their operational efficiency and customer responsiveness. This
approach focuses on streamlining processes, eliminating waste, and being adaptable to
changing customer needs. In the context of a gardening items store, this transition is not just
about internal efficiency; it’s about creating a value chain that is responsive to seasonal
Taxation- Direct and Indirect
April 2024 Examination
1. What do the following terms mean and how do they differ from one another: tax
planning, tax avoidance, tax evasion, and tax management, and how do they affect an
individual’s or business’s tax liabilities? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Taxation is an essential component of a country’s fiscal policy, playing a pivotal role in
shaping economic behavior and funding public expenditures. The concepts of tax planning,
tax avoidance, tax evasion, and tax management are intricately linked to how individuals and
businesses navigate the complex landscape of taxation laws to optimize their tax liabilities.
While these terms are often used interchangeably, they have distinct meanings and
implications under the law. Tax planning and management are legal and encouraged practices
that involve strategizing to make the most efficient use of tax laws to reduce tax liability. In
contrast, tax avoidance, though legal, treads a fine line, utilizing the tax system to one’s
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2. David Warner, an Australian player visits India for 95 days in every financial year.
This has been his practice for the past 15 financial years.
Find out residential status of David Warner for the assessment year 2023-24.
Would your answer change if the above facts relate to Ish Sodhi, an Indian Origin who
resides in New Zealand and represents the New Zealand cricket team?
What would be your answer if David Warner had visited India for 130 days instead of
95 days every year, including P.Y.2021-22? (10 marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The concept of residential status under the Indian Income Tax Act is pivotal in determining
an individual’s tax liability in India. It categorizes taxpayers into residents and non-residents,
based on their physical presence in India during a financial year and preceding years. This
status directly influences the extent to which an individual’s income, both earned in India and
abroad, is taxable in India. The case of David Warner, an Australian cricket player who visits
India for a significant part of the year, and the hypothetical scenario involving Ish Sodhi, an
Indian-origin player residing in New Zealand, highlight the intricacies involved in
determining the residential status of individuals with international engagements. These
scenarios underscore the importance of understanding the specific criteria set forth by the
3. Ms. Ria, a resident individual in India, earned income during the financial year 2022-
2023 from multiple sources. Her income details are as follows:
i. Salary income from her job: INR 6,00,000
ii. Interest income from a Fixed Deposit: INR 20,000
iii. Profit from the sale of shares: INR 50,000
iv. Rental income from a property: INR 1,80,000
Ms. Ria wants to understand the income tax implications of her earnings for the
financial year 2022-2023. Can you help her with the following questions?
a. What are the various sources of income for Ms. Ria, and how will they be categorized
under the Income Tax Act in India? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Ms. Ria’s diverse income streams during the financial year 2022-2023 present a
comprehensive scenario for understanding the income tax implications as per the Indian
Income Tax Act. Her earnings, sourced from salary, interest on deposits, profits from share
sales, and rental income, offer an illustrative example of how various types of income are
b. How will her total taxable income and tax liability be calculated for the financial year
2022-2023? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Calculating the total taxable income and tax liability for an individual like Ms. Ria, who has
multiple sources of income in the financial year 2022-2023, involves a systematic approach
as per the provisions of the Indian Income Tax Act. This process entails aggregating income
from various sources, applying the relevant deductions and exemptions, and then determining
the tax rates applicable based on the total taxable income. Understanding this calculation is
Total Quality Management
April 2024 Examination
Q1. What would be your objectives for implementing Quality Circle in your work area?
Discuss the composition of your Quality Circle team. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Implementing a Quality Circle in a work area is a strategic move aimed at enhancing overall
performance, productivity, and employee engagement. A Quality Circle, a form of
participative management, is a small group of employees who voluntarily come together to
identify, analyze, and resolve work-related problems. Typically, this group includes frontline
workers, led by a supervisor, who possess a direct understanding of the processes and
challenges within their work environment. The primary objectives for implementing such a
circle include improving product or service quality, increasing efficiency, fostering a
collaborative work culture, and promoting a sense of ownership and responsibility among
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Q2. Explain the statement with proper examples “The quality of a product influences
the cost of the product”. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Total Quality Management (TQM) is a comprehensive approach that emphasizes the
importance of quality in every facet of a business’s operations. One of the central tenets of
TQM is the intrinsic link between the quality of a product and its cost. This relationship is
multifaceted, encompassing not only the direct costs of production but also the broader
implications on a company’s financial health and market reputation. High-quality products
often demand more refined materials, meticulous manufacturing processes, and thorough
quality checks, which may initially increase production costs. However, superior quality can
Q3. Performance measurement is one of the most essential factors of the total quality
initiatives of an organization. It is concerned with managing the result and minimizing
the overall variation in products or process.
a. In your opinion what should be the objectives of an efficient measurement system?
(5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
Performance measurement is a cornerstone of Total Quality Management (TQM), playing a
crucial role in monitoring and enhancing an organization’s efficiency and effectiveness. An
efficient measurement system serves as the backbone for continuous improvement and
strategic decision-making. Its primary objective is to provide a clear, accurate, and
comprehensive view of an organization’s performance in relation to its goals and objectives.
b. Discuss Strategic Performance Measurement (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
Strategic Performance Measurement (SPM) is an integral part of modern business
management, aligning performance metrics with an organization’s strategic goals. Unlike
traditional performance measurement, which often focuses on short-term operational metrics,
SPM takes a broader view, emphasizing long-term objectives and overall organizational
health. This approach ensures that daily operations are not just efficient but also effectively
Treasury Management in Banking
April 2024 Examination
1. In view of Geo-political situation in Russia, Sri-Lanka etc and sanctions by US,
Europe on Russia and other OFAC countries impacting trade and international
settlement. How the functions of treasury operations in a large multinational Bank are
impacted by Sanctions? (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The global banking landscape is profoundly influenced by geopolitical events and the
imposition of sanctions by major entities like the United States and Europe. In particular,
recent developments in Russia, Sri Lanka, and other OFAC-listed countries have led to
significant shifts in international trade and settlement processes. These shifts have a
cascading impact on treasury operations within large multinational banks. Treasury
management, a crucial aspect of banking, involves the oversight of a financial institution’s
holdings to ensure optimal liquidity, risk management, and investment strategies. The
imposition of sanctions introduces complex challenges in these areas, necessitating
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2. How Treasurer in a Bank manages the Risk on Forex and Money Market activities
thru Treasury Policies. Explain Treasury Policies and process with examples. (10
Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Treasury management within the banking sector plays a pivotal role in stabilizing and
enhancing the financial standing of a bank. Specifically, the role of a Treasurer in managing
risks associated with Forex (Foreign Exchange) and Money Market activities is crucial. These
risks, stemming from fluctuations in currency values and interest rates, can significantly
impact a bank’s profitability and liquidity. To mitigate such risks, Treasurers implement
comprehensive treasury policies, which act as guiding frameworks for decision-making and
risk management. These policies encompass various strategies, tools, and procedures
designed to minimize potential losses while optimizing financial performance. The
3. There are many semi-regulators in India along-with RBI and its MPC with PDAI and
FBI impacting Bank’s profitability and operations. Explain the role of:
a. Role of FEDAI & FBIL for Forex products and Revaluation process/method. (5
Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the Indian financial landscape, alongside the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and its
Monetary Policy Committee (MPC), there are several semi-regulatory bodies that play a
significant role in shaping the banking sector’s operations and profitability. Among these, the
Foreign Exchange Dealers’ Association of India (FEDAI) and the Financial Benchmarks
India Pvt Ltd (FBIL) are pivotal in the realm of Forex products and the revaluation process.
b. Role of FIMMDA & PDAI for MM products and Revaluation process/method (5
Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
The Fixed Income Money Market and Derivatives Association of India (FIMMDA) and the
Primary Dealers Association of India (PDAI) are key semi-regulatory bodies that
significantly influence the Money Market (MM) products and revaluation processes in India.
While not formal regulatory authorities, these organizations establish essential guidelines and
best practices that shape the dynamics of debt and derivative markets. Their role is crucial in
ensuring transparency, efficiency, and stability in the financial markets. This overview will
Warehouse Management
April 2024 Examination
1. Discuss Different Product Movement activities considering example of an
Ecommerce warehouse. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
Warehouse management plays a crucial role in the efficient operation of e-commerce
businesses. The core of these operations is the effective handling of product movement
activities. In an e-commerce warehouse, these activities encompass a range of processes from
the receipt of goods to their eventual dispatch. The introduction of technology and automation
has significantly streamlined these processes, enhancing both speed and accuracy.
Understanding the nuances of these activities is essential to comprehend how they contribute
to the overall efficiency and customer satisfaction in e-commerce. The management of these
activities also reflects the adaptability and scalability of a warehouse, which are vital in the
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2. Form a safety charter for employees of a warehouse to create awareness about
Occupational safety and health considering points such as Fire safety, working at
heights etc. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
Warehouse management plays a critical role in ensuring the safety and well-being of
employees, especially in an environment prone to various occupational hazards. A safety
charter serves as a cornerstone for cultivating a culture of safety and awareness within a
warehouse setting. This crucial document not only outlines clear guidelines for safe
operations but also demonstrates an organization’s commitment to the welfare of its
employees. Given the nature of warehouse work, which often includes handling heavy
machinery, working at heights, and potential exposure to hazardous materials, the importance
of such a charter cannot be overstated. It not only educates employees about the risks
3. You are the warehouse manager of a pharmaceutical distribution center responsible
for storing and distributing a wide range of medical products. The warehouse has been
facing challenges in meeting increasing demand, maintaining temperature- sensitive
products, and ensuring accurate order fulfillment. The management is considering
investing in robotics and automation to improve warehouse efficiency and ensure
product integrity. Your task is to analyze the situation and propose a plan for
implementing robotics and automation in the pharmaceutical warehouse.
a. Conduct a thorough analysis of the current pharmaceutical warehouse operations.
Identify the key pain points and inefficiencies that arise from manual material handling,
order picking, and inventory management processes. Discuss the impact of these
challenges on order processing times, inventory accuracy, and compliance with
regulatory requirements. (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the dynamic and demanding realm of pharmaceutical distribution, the efficiency and
accuracy of warehouse operations are paramount. As the manager of a pharmaceutical
distribution center, I am acutely aware of the challenges we face in meeting escalating
demand while maintaining the integrity of temperature-sensitive products. Manual material
handling, order picking, and inventory management are pivotal areas where inefficiencies
b. Develop a comprehensive plan for implementing robotics and automation
technologies in the pharmaceutical warehouse to enhance operational efficiency and
maintain product integrity. Propose specific robotic solutions for various warehouse
tasks. (5 marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In addressing the operational challenges of our pharmaceutical warehouse, the
implementation of robotics and automation stands as a transformative solution. This
comprehensive plan aims to integrate advanced technologies strategically, ensuring not only a
significant boost in operational efficiency but also the maintenance of product integrity,
which is crucial in the pharmaceutical sector. By identifying and deploying specific robotic
World Class Operations
April 2024 Examination
Q1. European Quality Award emphasis on Innovation and Learning. How far do you
agree with this statement? Establish with suitable arguments. (10 Marks)
Ans 1.
Introduction
The European Quality Award, a beacon of excellence in the realm of organizational
performance, places a significant emphasis on innovation and learning as pivotal elements for
achieving and maintaining superior quality standards. This focus aligns with the evolving
nature of global markets, where continuous improvement and adaptability are not merely
advantageous but essential for survival and success. The rationale behind this emphasis is
rooted in the belief that an organization’s ability to innovate and learn continuously acts as a
catalyst for not only enhancing product and service quality but also for fostering a culture of
excellence and sustainability. By prioritizing innovation and learning, organizations can
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Q2. ISO series helps in breaking down barriers to international trade by bringing in
uniformity in business standards and regulations among organizations around the
world. Establish the benefits that manufacturing firms can get in implementing ISO
Standards in their operations. (10 Marks)
Ans 2.
Introduction
The integration of International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards into
manufacturing operations marks a significant stride towards global business excellence. ISO
standards, a collection of frameworks and guidelines, aim to elevate the quality, safety, and
efficiency of products, services, and systems worldwide. For manufacturing firms, the
adoption of these standards is not merely a compliance measure but a strategic move towards
enhanced performance and international competitiveness. By harmonizing procedures and
criteria across borders, ISO standards facilitate the removal of trade barriers, thereby fostering
Q3a. Reliability Indices are used to measure reliability. As a consultant dealing with
Reliability Measures, which indices you will refer to and why? (5 Marks)
Ans 3a.
Introduction
In the realm of reliability engineering and analysis, reliability indices serve as pivotal tools
for quantifying the reliability of systems, components, or processes. These indices, crucial in
decision-making and performance evaluation, provide a numerical representation of
reliability, enabling consultants and engineers to assess and improve the dependability of
various systems. As a consultant specializing in reliability measures, the selection of
b) With reference to Reliability Measures why do you think that Reliability Programs
need to be implemented in manufacturing industry? (5 Marks)
Ans 3b.
Introduction
In the manufacturing industry, the implementation of reliability programs is a strategic
imperative for achieving operational excellence. These programs, grounded in the principles
of reliability engineering, focus on maximizing the dependability and performance of
manufacturing processes and equipment. This introduction underscores the importance of
reliability programs in manufacturing, which not only ensure consistent product quality and